Clinical Supervision and Licensed Supervisors Therapists in Lincolnton, NC

Photo of Harris Counseling and Consulting PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lincolnton, NC
Harris Counseling and Consulting PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP, EMDR, MSW
Verified Verified
Lincolnton, NC 28092  (Online Only)
I have been successfully practicing therapy for over twenty years. The clients I work with prior to enrolling in treatment express that they feel frustrated, ignored and helpless. I provide individual, couple, and family telehealth therapy. I have successfully treated clients who have experienced physical, emotional, and sexual trauma. I also treat clients with anxiety, anger, communication, and depression issues. My clients see significant improvement and develop tools and skills over time in treatment. I'm very proactive in my person centered approach.
I have been successfully practicing therapy for over twenty years. The clients I work with prior to enrolling in treatment express that they feel frustrated, ignored and helpless. I provide individual, couple, and family telehealth therapy. I have successfully treated clients who have experienced physical, emotional, and sexual trauma. I also treat clients with anxiety, anger, communication, and depression issues. My clients see significant improvement and develop tools and skills over time in treatment. I'm very proactive in my person centered approach.
(704) 610-2965 View (704) 610-2965
Photo of Adrian B. Thornburg, Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor in Lincolnton, NC
Adrian B. Thornburg
Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor, MA, NCC, RPTS, LCMHCS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lincolnton, NC 28092
Life changing events bring emotional struggles such as grief, loss and other challenges. Adults may find themselves questioning and asking "Who am I now?" and "Where do I go from here?". Children, preteens and teens may find themselves navigating through new emotions and experiences as they grow and change. The need to explore and understand these new landscapes is critical to making positive and sometimes difficult decisions regarding self expression and life choices. Overall goals often included finding relief of inner conflict, developing confidence and experiencing growth.
Life changing events bring emotional struggles such as grief, loss and other challenges. Adults may find themselves questioning and asking "Who am I now?" and "Where do I go from here?". Children, preteens and teens may find themselves navigating through new emotions and experiences as they grow and change. The need to explore and understand these new landscapes is critical to making positive and sometimes difficult decisions regarding self expression and life choices. Overall goals often included finding relief of inner conflict, developing confidence and experiencing growth.
(704) 741-9240 View (704) 741-9240
Photo of Amy Mann Coone, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lincolnton, NC
Amy Mann Coone
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lincolnton, NC 28092
Amy brings a patient and calming spirit to therapy, along with her good spirited humor, creating a safe environment for her clients to address their needs. "Therapy can be hard work. It is important to feel accepted in the therapy space and have faith that your therapist "gets you" and is ready to bear witness to whatever need you bring to each session. I am truly grateful to get to witness this with my client and join them in their growth process." Amy enjoys working with individuals, couples, children and adolescents.
Amy brings a patient and calming spirit to therapy, along with her good spirited humor, creating a safe environment for her clients to address their needs. "Therapy can be hard work. It is important to feel accepted in the therapy space and have faith that your therapist "gets you" and is ready to bear witness to whatever need you bring to each session. I am truly grateful to get to witness this with my client and join them in their growth process." Amy enjoys working with individuals, couples, children and adolescents.
(828) 415-5146 View (828) 415-5146
Photo of CTSHealth Integrated Wellness, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lincolnton, NC
CTSHealth Integrated Wellness
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCAS
Verified Verified
Lincolnton, NC 28092
CTSHealth Integrative Wellness Clinic supports the clinical views of the Integrated Care Model, Person Centered Thinking, System of Care and Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. With these approaches, we’re able to identify and increase the emotional, cognitive, social, and psychological functioning of our clients. We provide guidance, education, and skills to caregivers to become better equipped to assist individuals in their care. Our professional teams are committed to safeguarding the continuity of care through collaboration with all participants involved in assisting the client through the treatment process.
CTSHealth Integrative Wellness Clinic supports the clinical views of the Integrated Care Model, Person Centered Thinking, System of Care and Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. With these approaches, we’re able to identify and increase the emotional, cognitive, social, and psychological functioning of our clients. We provide guidance, education, and skills to caregivers to become better equipped to assist individuals in their care. Our professional teams are committed to safeguarding the continuity of care through collaboration with all participants involved in assisting the client through the treatment process.
(828) 655-7849 View (828) 655-7849

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Jim Snyder, Counselor in Lincolnton, NC
Jim Snyder
Counselor, MS, MA, LCMHC, LCMHCS, CSAT-C
Verified Verified
Cherryville, NC 28021
I enjoy helping men, women, their marriages, and their families. While I specialize in individual and marriages, I do provide counseling to all who pass through our doors. Sometimes women need a male's perspective on things, while kids may need an outside adult figure to get a different perspective or role model. I also specialize in helping men overcome masculine passivity, pornography addiction and sexual integrity.
I enjoy helping men, women, their marriages, and their families. While I specialize in individual and marriages, I do provide counseling to all who pass through our doors. Sometimes women need a male's perspective on things, while kids may need an outside adult figure to get a different perspective or role model. I also specialize in helping men overcome masculine passivity, pornography addiction and sexual integrity.
(704) 918-1352 View (704) 918-1352

Online Therapists

Photo of Thomasina Burrows, Counselor in Lincolnton, NC
Thomasina Burrows
Counselor, MA, LPC, LCMHCS
Verified Verified
Charlotte, NC 28227
Clinical Supervision NC & SC: As a clinical supervisor, I work with supervisee to develop clinical skills in a safe and supportive environment.
I have extensive experience providing therapeutic service to families, children, and couples experiencing mental health issues. I provide clinical assessments and recommend a course of treatment. I am a licensed school counselor in NC & SC. I help students with special needs navigate the educational system. I look forward to working with you to help you identify the issues that impact your life. I practice a holistic approach, which incorporates wellness within the mind, body, and being. Our collaboration will occur in a safe and caring environment, designed to help you reach the goals that will empower you, and enhance your life.
Clinical Supervision NC & SC: As a clinical supervisor, I work with supervisee to develop clinical skills in a safe and supportive environment.
I have extensive experience providing therapeutic service to families, children, and couples experiencing mental health issues. I provide clinical assessments and recommend a course of treatment. I am a licensed school counselor in NC & SC. I help students with special needs navigate the educational system. I look forward to working with you to help you identify the issues that impact your life. I practice a holistic approach, which incorporates wellness within the mind, body, and being. Our collaboration will occur in a safe and caring environment, designed to help you reach the goals that will empower you, and enhance your life.
(704) 286-1968 View (704) 286-1968
Photo of Joy's New Beginning Counseling Services, PLLC, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Lincolnton, NC
Joy's New Beginning Counseling Services, PLLC
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCAS, CCS, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Charlotte, NC 28210
I am also a certified clinical supervisor under North Carolina's Addiction Specialist Professional Practice Board.
Stressed, tired and/or overwhelmed? Tired of feeling like your life is out of control? Tired of feeling like you don’t belong or that you will never be good enough. Tired of everyone asking what’s wrong? Tired of hearing it will be okay? Tired of trying to find the next best thing to numb the pain. Tired of being sick and tired of trying to same things with the same results?!?!?!? No worries!! You are not alone and it’s not time to give up!! Maybe it’s just time a little assistance!!!!!
I am also a certified clinical supervisor under North Carolina's Addiction Specialist Professional Practice Board.
Stressed, tired and/or overwhelmed? Tired of feeling like your life is out of control? Tired of feeling like you don’t belong or that you will never be good enough. Tired of everyone asking what’s wrong? Tired of hearing it will be okay? Tired of trying to find the next best thing to numb the pain. Tired of being sick and tired of trying to same things with the same results?!?!?!? No worries!! You are not alone and it’s not time to give up!! Maybe it’s just time a little assistance!!!!!
(252) 516-4218 View (252) 516-4218
Photo of Ezra K Post, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lincolnton, NC
Ezra K Post
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, SEP
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28806
I am a somatic psychotherapist and clinical supervisor, who enjoys working with people from all human backgrounds. I have been in practice 13 years. I specialize in trauma and attachment resolution, and the various mental/emotional/relational difficulties that can stem from trauma and attachment wounding. I also have a great passion and skill for working out patterns of oppression in the body. Aliveness, strength, respect, laughter, kindness, humility… these are all qualities central to the work I do. Together we will create an alliance to discover the true and beautiful health that exists inside you, and let your truest self shine!
I am a somatic psychotherapist and clinical supervisor, who enjoys working with people from all human backgrounds. I have been in practice 13 years. I specialize in trauma and attachment resolution, and the various mental/emotional/relational difficulties that can stem from trauma and attachment wounding. I also have a great passion and skill for working out patterns of oppression in the body. Aliveness, strength, respect, laughter, kindness, humility… these are all qualities central to the work I do. Together we will create an alliance to discover the true and beautiful health that exists inside you, and let your truest self shine!
(828) 554-7937 View (828) 554-7937
Photo of Katherine Sloan, Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor in Lincolnton, NC
Katherine Sloan
Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor, MA, LCMHCS, LCAS
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28805
Taking new clients and supervisees. I am a LCMHCS (Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor) who specializes in providing counseling to adults. During therapy sessions, I pull from trauma-informed approaches, cognitive behavioral therapy, EMDR, and mindfulness-based stress reduction to empower clients to embrace authentic self-expression and increase their feelings of self-worth and well-being. I also specialize in treating ADHD in adults. I am also a Licensed Supervisor with experience supervising interns. I have 20 years of counseling experience.
Taking new clients and supervisees. I am a LCMHCS (Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor) who specializes in providing counseling to adults. During therapy sessions, I pull from trauma-informed approaches, cognitive behavioral therapy, EMDR, and mindfulness-based stress reduction to empower clients to embrace authentic self-expression and increase their feelings of self-worth and well-being. I also specialize in treating ADHD in adults. I am also a Licensed Supervisor with experience supervising interns. I have 20 years of counseling experience.
(828) 471-9905 View (828) 471-9905
Photo of Sean Jarman, Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor in Lincolnton, NC
Sean Jarman
Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor, MEd, LCMHCS, CPC, CLP
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28803
Life not working for you? Are you dealing with issues that are causing emotional pain and suffering in your life? I can help you! These issues might include Anger, Anxiety, Depression, Addiction, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, ADHD and Divorce. With my 30 years of experience, I can help you find VALUE in your life again. My practice includes EMDR and Low Energy Neurofeedback (LENS): This provides direct treatment to unblock suppression in the brain's bio-electrical system. This is brief and non-invasive. THE RESET FOR YOUR BRAIN!! Check out www.ochslabs.com I Also provide supervision for LCMHCA's.
Life not working for you? Are you dealing with issues that are causing emotional pain and suffering in your life? I can help you! These issues might include Anger, Anxiety, Depression, Addiction, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, ADHD and Divorce. With my 30 years of experience, I can help you find VALUE in your life again. My practice includes EMDR and Low Energy Neurofeedback (LENS): This provides direct treatment to unblock suppression in the brain's bio-electrical system. This is brief and non-invasive. THE RESET FOR YOUR BRAIN!! Check out www.ochslabs.com I Also provide supervision for LCMHCA's.
(828) 395-4094 View (828) 395-4094
Photo of Jennifer Becker, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Lincolnton, NC
Jennifer Becker
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHCS
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Greensboro, NC 27405
Additionally, I am a Distance Certified Counselor as well as a Licensed Professional Counselor and Supervisor.
Your feelings are real! You deserve to explore them without judgment or criticism. Doing this search today and exploring your options is the first step in freeing yourself from carrying the weight of the world on your shoulders. The choice to open up to a world of happiness and joy awaits you. My role is to show you how to find the answers within yourself. I can offer you a warm and welcoming environment to take steps towards healing.
Additionally, I am a Distance Certified Counselor as well as a Licensed Professional Counselor and Supervisor.
Your feelings are real! You deserve to explore them without judgment or criticism. Doing this search today and exploring your options is the first step in freeing yourself from carrying the weight of the world on your shoulders. The choice to open up to a world of happiness and joy awaits you. My role is to show you how to find the answers within yourself. I can offer you a warm and welcoming environment to take steps towards healing.
(336) 742-0672 View (336) 742-0672
Photo of Nicole B. Newell, Clinical Supervisor , Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Lincolnton, NC
Nicole B. Newell, Clinical Supervisor
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MA, LCMHC, LCMHCS
Verified Verified
Charlotte, NC 28269  (Online Only)
Are you a LCMHCA in need of CLINICAL SUPERVISION SERVICES? Welcome to Higher Ground Counseling and Consulting, PLLC and congrats on becoming a provisionally licensed therapist in NC! I'm sure you are eager to begin or continue the process of becoming fully licensed. I am accepting supervisees for virtual individual, dyadic and group supervision services. I offer supervision services using the counselor, teacher and consultant model. I retain an active caseload of clients as well- below you will see the descriptions of my areas of expertise, populations I serve and the treatment modalities I utilize.
Are you a LCMHCA in need of CLINICAL SUPERVISION SERVICES? Welcome to Higher Ground Counseling and Consulting, PLLC and congrats on becoming a provisionally licensed therapist in NC! I'm sure you are eager to begin or continue the process of becoming fully licensed. I am accepting supervisees for virtual individual, dyadic and group supervision services. I offer supervision services using the counselor, teacher and consultant model. I retain an active caseload of clients as well- below you will see the descriptions of my areas of expertise, populations I serve and the treatment modalities I utilize.
(980) 292-6122 View (980) 292-6122
Photo of Brian Purnell, Counselor in Lincolnton, NC
Brian Purnell
Counselor, MEd, LCMHCS, ACS, EAS-C, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Charlotte, NC 28277
Journey Through Life, PLLC sees all kinds of families that maybe hurting from divorce, grief, blended families and broken relationships. In addition, the practice specializes in significant and marital relationships. The ideal is for a family that may not have the skills to see past the forest, but will be open to the infinite possibilities. Individual, Group Clinical Supervision, and Parenting Workshops are offered at the practice as well.
Journey Through Life, PLLC sees all kinds of families that maybe hurting from divorce, grief, blended families and broken relationships. In addition, the practice specializes in significant and marital relationships. The ideal is for a family that may not have the skills to see past the forest, but will be open to the infinite possibilities. Individual, Group Clinical Supervision, and Parenting Workshops are offered at the practice as well.
(919) 267-2483 View (919) 267-2483
Photo of Rebecca L. Withrow, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Lincolnton, NC
Rebecca L. Withrow
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, PhD, LCMHCS
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801  (Online Only)
I work with women who don't want to feel stuck anymore. Women who want to find their life's purpose, live within their values, successfully navigate big life events, and/ or manage unexpected losses or traumas. Women who want help tuning into their inner wisdom, and charting a path forward. I help women process and move past traumas, anxieties, fears, and negative beliefs that are holding them back. The majority of my work has been with mothers, career women, and survivors of sexual violence. I also provide clinical supervision to counselors.
I work with women who don't want to feel stuck anymore. Women who want to find their life's purpose, live within their values, successfully navigate big life events, and/ or manage unexpected losses or traumas. Women who want help tuning into their inner wisdom, and charting a path forward. I help women process and move past traumas, anxieties, fears, and negative beliefs that are holding them back. The majority of my work has been with mothers, career women, and survivors of sexual violence. I also provide clinical supervision to counselors.
(828) 554-2348 View (828) 554-2348
Photo of Karla Townsend -Counseling Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lincolnton, NC
Karla Townsend -Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCMHCS
Verified Verified
Greensboro, NC 27401
Clinical supervision is also available for persons working towards LCMHC licensure is available via both individual or dyadic (two person max) option.
I provide counseling to adults, teens, children, and families who are warmly welcomed and active participants in therapy at my office. Counseling at this office offers creative avenues for self expression as well as more formal assessments for treatment planning. Acceptance Therapy, including Trauma Focused ACT, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/CBT are integral to my counseling approach. In addition, I have a specific expertise in the treatment of Eating Disorders, OCD and as an ADHD-CCSP Certified Clinical Services Provider. I am licensed to provide counseling services in North Carolina, Indiana and Missouri.
Clinical supervision is also available for persons working towards LCMHC licensure is available via both individual or dyadic (two person max) option.
I provide counseling to adults, teens, children, and families who are warmly welcomed and active participants in therapy at my office. Counseling at this office offers creative avenues for self expression as well as more formal assessments for treatment planning. Acceptance Therapy, including Trauma Focused ACT, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/CBT are integral to my counseling approach. In addition, I have a specific expertise in the treatment of Eating Disorders, OCD and as an ADHD-CCSP Certified Clinical Services Provider. I am licensed to provide counseling services in North Carolina, Indiana and Missouri.
(336) 281-6636 View (336) 281-6636
Photo of Simone Leavell-Bruce, Psychologist in Lincolnton, NC
Simone Leavell-Bruce
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Charlotte, NC 28211
Hello Psychology Today family! My name is Simone Leavell-Bruce and I am a licensed clinical psychologist at Matone Counseling & Testing. I have expert knowledge in the assessment & treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and related anxiety disorders. I also provide training and supervision to other clinicians for OCD. I have received extensive training in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and utilize the gold-standard, evidence-based modality to treat OCD, Exposure and Ritual Prevention (ExRP). I also utilize mindfulness practices and aspects of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in my work.
Hello Psychology Today family! My name is Simone Leavell-Bruce and I am a licensed clinical psychologist at Matone Counseling & Testing. I have expert knowledge in the assessment & treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and related anxiety disorders. I also provide training and supervision to other clinicians for OCD. I have received extensive training in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and utilize the gold-standard, evidence-based modality to treat OCD, Exposure and Ritual Prevention (ExRP). I also utilize mindfulness practices and aspects of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in my work.
(704) 327-0808 View (704) 327-0808
Photo of Mark S Smith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lincolnton, NC
Mark S Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACSW, PhD
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801
I also provide clinical supervision for those seeking to become licensed clinicians thermself.
For over 30 years I have been helping people overcome life obstacles and interpersonal struggles. Clients report significant benefit when they seek help dealing with transforming ideas of self that result from trauma, relationship changes, chronic illness, grief & loss, gender dysphoria, and coming out as LGBTQ. I utilize a variety of approaches including narrative, DBT, ACT, attachment-focused therapy, internal family systems and trauma informed practices. I now am seeing clients in person as well as virtually.
I also provide clinical supervision for those seeking to become licensed clinicians thermself.
For over 30 years I have been helping people overcome life obstacles and interpersonal struggles. Clients report significant benefit when they seek help dealing with transforming ideas of self that result from trauma, relationship changes, chronic illness, grief & loss, gender dysphoria, and coming out as LGBTQ. I utilize a variety of approaches including narrative, DBT, ACT, attachment-focused therapy, internal family systems and trauma informed practices. I now am seeing clients in person as well as virtually.
(754) 212-8793 View (754) 212-8793
Photo of Lynn Coleman, Psychologist in Lincolnton, NC
Lynn Coleman
Psychologist
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Winston Salem, NC 27107  (Online Only)
Whether you are looking for therapy, coaching, college/career transition(s) support, or clinical collaboration/supervision I am eager to support you in growing towards your goals in a way that feels genuine and comfortable to you.
Embarking on growth and seeking support isn't easy. My mission is to stand by you, empowering you to uncover strengths and tackle challenges. Whether anxiety, depression, or feeling “stuck”, I offer a supportive hand and tools to move forward. As a licensed psychologist, I specialize in supporting adolescents, young adults, adults, healthcare workers, and leaders. My approach emphasizes collaboration, empathy, and a judgment-free space. I'm committed to guiding you toward a fulfilling life, offering therapy, coaching, career support, and more. Let's journey together toward growth and self-discovery.
Whether you are looking for therapy, coaching, college/career transition(s) support, or clinical collaboration/supervision I am eager to support you in growing towards your goals in a way that feels genuine and comfortable to you.
Embarking on growth and seeking support isn't easy. My mission is to stand by you, empowering you to uncover strengths and tackle challenges. Whether anxiety, depression, or feeling “stuck”, I offer a supportive hand and tools to move forward. As a licensed psychologist, I specialize in supporting adolescents, young adults, adults, healthcare workers, and leaders. My approach emphasizes collaboration, empathy, and a judgment-free space. I'm committed to guiding you toward a fulfilling life, offering therapy, coaching, career support, and more. Let's journey together toward growth and self-discovery.
(857) 323-6894 View (857) 323-6894
Photo of Tanagra Together, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lincolnton, NC
Tanagra Together
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCMHC, LCMHCQS
Verified Verified
Charlotte, NC 28269
I provide individual, couple's, and family counseling. I am also qualified to provide clinical supervision to LPC / LCMHC associates. Accepting English and Spanish speaking clients at this time. I have several specialties including Autism, ODD/Conduct Disorder, Anxiety and Depression with children and adolescents as well as providing Individual and couples therapy to parents.
I provide individual, couple's, and family counseling. I am also qualified to provide clinical supervision to LPC / LCMHC associates. Accepting English and Spanish speaking clients at this time. I have several specialties including Autism, ODD/Conduct Disorder, Anxiety and Depression with children and adolescents as well as providing Individual and couples therapy to parents.
(704) 389-2302 View (704) 389-2302
Photo of Emily Gray, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lincolnton, NC
Emily Gray
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LCMHCS
Verified Verified
Boone, NC 28607  (Online Only)
I also provide clinical supervision to LCMHCA's seeking licensure in the state of North Carolina.
Trauma is often at the root of anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. It can dysregulate our nervous systems and keep us stuck in 'survival mode.' The same coping strategies that once protected us are now disrupting our relationships and everyday lives. The good news is that our minds and bodies want to heal. We just need to learn how to integrate ourselves and our experiences into a new, more mindful, and compassionate way so that the past is not always in the driver's seat. It is said “what you resist, persists”. I believe the practice of coming to know ourselves fully can be very powerful.
I also provide clinical supervision to LCMHCA's seeking licensure in the state of North Carolina.
Trauma is often at the root of anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. It can dysregulate our nervous systems and keep us stuck in 'survival mode.' The same coping strategies that once protected us are now disrupting our relationships and everyday lives. The good news is that our minds and bodies want to heal. We just need to learn how to integrate ourselves and our experiences into a new, more mindful, and compassionate way so that the past is not always in the driver's seat. It is said “what you resist, persists”. I believe the practice of coming to know ourselves fully can be very powerful.
(828) 537-0085 View (828) 537-0085
Clinical Supervision and Licensed Supervisors Therapists
Clinical supervisors provide formal supervision, guidance and expertise for pre-qualified professionals and those seeking supervision for their everyday practices. While each membership organization has its own unique requirements, professionals offering clinical supervision help new practitioners advance their clinical knowledge, and satisfy requirements leading to full qualification.