Photo of Lauren Kerwin, Psychologist in Santa Monica, CA
Lauren Kerwin
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90402  (Online Only)
I am a licensed psychologist primarily serving adults and adolescents who struggle with depression and anxiety; borderline personality disorder; substance and alcohol use; relationship distress; emptiness; intolerable emotions; impulsive behaviors including suicidal and self-injurious behavior; eating concerns; and histories of trauma. My therapeutic approach centers on utilizing Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). DBT was initially developed to treat borderline personality disorder but is now used to effectively treat a broad spectrum of psychological problems by focusing on enhancing the skills necessary to not only cope but thrive in a world full of obstacles.
I am a licensed psychologist primarily serving adults and adolescents who struggle with depression and anxiety; borderline personality disorder; substance and alcohol use; relationship distress; emptiness; intolerable emotions; impulsive behaviors including suicidal and self-injurious behavior; eating concerns; and histories of trauma. My therapeutic approach centers on utilizing Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). DBT was initially developed to treat borderline personality disorder but is now used to effectively treat a broad spectrum of psychological problems by focusing on enhancing the skills necessary to not only cope but thrive in a world full of obstacles.
(424) 488-0922 View (424) 488-0922
Photo of Julia Xiao-Rodriguez, Pre-Licensed Professional in Santa Monica, CA
Julia Xiao-Rodriguez
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90402
Julia Xiao-Rodriguez provides supervised evidence-based cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs) for children, adolescents, and young adults with complex diagnostic presentations, including co-occurring anxiety, mood, personality, substance use and eating disorders. She specializes in delivering Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) for high-risk, suicidal, and self-harming youth and their families. She is especially interested in walking alongside parents as they navigate parenting challenges and collaboration with providers. Julia is committed to providing identity-informed, culturally responsive and values-based interventions.
Julia Xiao-Rodriguez provides supervised evidence-based cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs) for children, adolescents, and young adults with complex diagnostic presentations, including co-occurring anxiety, mood, personality, substance use and eating disorders. She specializes in delivering Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) for high-risk, suicidal, and self-harming youth and their families. She is especially interested in walking alongside parents as they navigate parenting challenges and collaboration with providers. Julia is committed to providing identity-informed, culturally responsive and values-based interventions.
(424) 401-5795 View (424) 401-5795
Photo of Natalie David, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Monica, CA
Natalie David
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90404
In those years, I have addressed issues such as trauma, depression, anxiety, drug abuse, self harm, suicide, OCD, bipolar, anger issues, and family conflict, low self esteem, and identity crisis.
I am incredibly passionate about psychotherapy, and not only that, I believe in it with all my heart. I value the individuality of each and every one of my clients, and I believe the relationship we form is the basis for real change and growth. I am committed to understanding my clients very deeply, and in helping them understand themselves. In addition to gaining insight and awareness, I encourage clients to utilize skills and implement change to help them live life to their fullest. I give 100% of my effort, attention, and focus on my clients to provide the best care needed.
In those years, I have addressed issues such as trauma, depression, anxiety, drug abuse, self harm, suicide, OCD, bipolar, anger issues, and family conflict, low self esteem, and identity crisis.
I am incredibly passionate about psychotherapy, and not only that, I believe in it with all my heart. I value the individuality of each and every one of my clients, and I believe the relationship we form is the basis for real change and growth. I am committed to understanding my clients very deeply, and in helping them understand themselves. In addition to gaining insight and awareness, I encourage clients to utilize skills and implement change to help them live life to their fullest. I give 100% of my effort, attention, and focus on my clients to provide the best care needed.
(310) 929-6240 View (310) 929-6240
Photo of Elan Javanfard, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Monica, CA
Elan Javanfard
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90405
Elan had advanced specialized training in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training (ASIST), and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
Elan Javanfard is a Psychotherapist (LMFT # 87054) who specializes in reintegrating the whole self, by utilizing present focused methods of discovery and coping. By using evidence-based theories and psychodynamic practices, Mr. Javanfard assists all clients alike to bridge the past and the future to create a more positive present. Mr. Javanfard is skilled in a variety of interventions ranging from distress tolerance to interpersonal effectiveness.
Elan had advanced specialized training in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training (ASIST), and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
Elan Javanfard is a Psychotherapist (LMFT # 87054) who specializes in reintegrating the whole self, by utilizing present focused methods of discovery and coping. By using evidence-based theories and psychodynamic practices, Mr. Javanfard assists all clients alike to bridge the past and the future to create a more positive present. Mr. Javanfard is skilled in a variety of interventions ranging from distress tolerance to interpersonal effectiveness.
(424) 322-6309 View (424) 322-6309
Photo of Susan Fox Horn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Monica, CA
Susan Fox Horn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PsyD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90405
I have worked with people suffering depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, pain from a past or recent trauma, loss and grief, those who are divorced or divorcing and single parents.
You may be feeling sad, anxious, overwhelmed, or confused. You may be experiencing a difficult life transition or feel that something is missing in your life. It is important to find a therapist with whom you have a good fit, a feeling that your therapist "gets" you in order to develop the trust necessary in a therapeutic relationship. I have over 35 years of experience helping people in a safe, non-judgmental environment. It is through feeling understood that we come to understand ourselves better.
I have worked with people suffering depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, pain from a past or recent trauma, loss and grief, those who are divorced or divorcing and single parents.
You may be feeling sad, anxious, overwhelmed, or confused. You may be experiencing a difficult life transition or feel that something is missing in your life. It is important to find a therapist with whom you have a good fit, a feeling that your therapist "gets" you in order to develop the trust necessary in a therapeutic relationship. I have over 35 years of experience helping people in a safe, non-judgmental environment. It is through feeling understood that we come to understand ourselves better.
(310) 856-9428 View (310) 856-9428
Photo of Meme Rhee, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Monica, CA
Meme Rhee
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90403  (Online Only)
As a certified psychoanalyst, I specialize in treating teens and adults who struggle with depression; intense anxiety; obsessive-compulsive symptoms including invasive, disturbing thoughts; intolerable, painful emotions; high-conflict relationships; impulsive behaviors including suicidal and self-injurious behavior; substance and/or alcohol abuse; eating disorders, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Our collaboration strives to help you find internal harmony. My method of investigation of the mind is designed to help you gain clarity in your thinking, achieve emotional containment and experience self-empowerment.
As a certified psychoanalyst, I specialize in treating teens and adults who struggle with depression; intense anxiety; obsessive-compulsive symptoms including invasive, disturbing thoughts; intolerable, painful emotions; high-conflict relationships; impulsive behaviors including suicidal and self-injurious behavior; substance and/or alcohol abuse; eating disorders, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Our collaboration strives to help you find internal harmony. My method of investigation of the mind is designed to help you gain clarity in your thinking, achieve emotional containment and experience self-empowerment.
(424) 254-5197 View (424) 254-5197
Photo of Jillian Ziesmer, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Santa Monica, CA
Jillian Ziesmer
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90405  (Online Only)
I am here to help you find a deeper understanding of yourself, cultivate personal growth, and improve your relationships. In a collaborative relationship with the client, I explore family dynamics, relationship patterns, and underlying feelings and unconscious drives that impede a sense of well being. Some of the issues I treat include depression, anxiety, substance abuse, recovery, trauma (emotional, physical, sexual), suicidal ideation, grief/loss, cancer survivors, LGBTQ, and pre-marital counseling/relationship/marital issues. I help clients explore their feelings, past experiences, present situations, and hopes for the future.
I am here to help you find a deeper understanding of yourself, cultivate personal growth, and improve your relationships. In a collaborative relationship with the client, I explore family dynamics, relationship patterns, and underlying feelings and unconscious drives that impede a sense of well being. Some of the issues I treat include depression, anxiety, substance abuse, recovery, trauma (emotional, physical, sexual), suicidal ideation, grief/loss, cancer survivors, LGBTQ, and pre-marital counseling/relationship/marital issues. I help clients explore their feelings, past experiences, present situations, and hopes for the future.
(323) 736-3464 View (323) 736-3464
Photo of Sam Hopper, Psychologist in Santa Monica, CA
Sam Hopper
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90403
My ideal client is aware that some primary positive feeling has changed. The positive feeling has suddenly, or over time, become negative and painful. Because of this change, he or she may have reluctantly given up on a long term goal, or may be in the midsts of a divorce where there was once loving contentment that has disappeared. Sometimes the pain is so severe that the Client considers ending his or her life. No matter what the circumstance, this Client is longing for relief from the pain. The Client needs a Therapist who can, incrementally over time, help to alleviate the pain and begin a more positive approach to living life.
My ideal client is aware that some primary positive feeling has changed. The positive feeling has suddenly, or over time, become negative and painful. Because of this change, he or she may have reluctantly given up on a long term goal, or may be in the midsts of a divorce where there was once loving contentment that has disappeared. Sometimes the pain is so severe that the Client considers ending his or her life. No matter what the circumstance, this Client is longing for relief from the pain. The Client needs a Therapist who can, incrementally over time, help to alleviate the pain and begin a more positive approach to living life.
(424) 252-3280 View (424) 252-3280
Photo of Lucas Burns, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Santa Monica, CA
Lucas Burns
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90401  (Online Only)
The priority of my practice is to care for a client’s needs as they unfold. With a collaborative, non-judgmental approach, I assist through stages of growth toward fulfillment and well-being. Experience has taught me to treat symptoms with curiosity, and by seeing their purpose we may integrate their power. Psychologist James Hollis wrote, "It is in the swamplands where soul is fashioned and forged, where we encounter not only the gravitas of life, but its purpose, its dignity and its deepest meaning."
The priority of my practice is to care for a client’s needs as they unfold. With a collaborative, non-judgmental approach, I assist through stages of growth toward fulfillment and well-being. Experience has taught me to treat symptoms with curiosity, and by seeing their purpose we may integrate their power. Psychologist James Hollis wrote, "It is in the swamplands where soul is fashioned and forged, where we encounter not only the gravitas of life, but its purpose, its dignity and its deepest meaning."
(818) 805-2543 View (818) 805-2543
Photo of Claire Hughes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Monica, CA
Claire Hughes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90401
I am passionate about the work that I do and truly believe in the benefits of utilizing DBT skills with my clients in the outpatient setting. I want to help my clients move away from all-or-nothing thinking, find relief from emotional suffering, regain control over powerful emotions, and eventually, not need me anymore.
I am passionate about the work that I do and truly believe in the benefits of utilizing DBT skills with my clients in the outpatient setting. I want to help my clients move away from all-or-nothing thinking, find relief from emotional suffering, regain control over powerful emotions, and eventually, not need me anymore.
(424) 581-0767 View (424) 581-0767
Photo of Corye Goodman Pike, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Monica, CA
Corye Goodman Pike
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Not Verified Not Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90405
It feels as though our lives have transitioned overnight due to current events. This time can be especially challenging if you were already in the midst of a life transition. Whether you just had a new baby, recently got married or divorced, love someone struggling with addiction, or went through a traumatic event; a sexual assault, medical crisis or are in the grieving process, I can offer support and expertise. I'm especially seasoned in working with trauma and helping folks navigate their interpersonal relationships and relationship to self. Collaboration, awareness, and transformation are key components to my therapy practice.
It feels as though our lives have transitioned overnight due to current events. This time can be especially challenging if you were already in the midst of a life transition. Whether you just had a new baby, recently got married or divorced, love someone struggling with addiction, or went through a traumatic event; a sexual assault, medical crisis or are in the grieving process, I can offer support and expertise. I'm especially seasoned in working with trauma and helping folks navigate their interpersonal relationships and relationship to self. Collaboration, awareness, and transformation are key components to my therapy practice.
(424) 581-1156 View (424) 581-1156
Photo of Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean, Psychologist in Santa Monica, CA
Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90401
I'm Dr. Dean Leav, licensed psychologist and qualified medical evaluator (QME). I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I provide Evaluation Services, including (and not limited to): diagnostics (ADHD, Autism, Learning Dis.), cognitive/neuropsychological evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME), immigration-related evaluations, pre-adoption psychological evaluations, parenting/bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, pre-employment evaluations, and legal/forensics/criminal evaluations. These evaluations may be used to meet eligibility for certain services or accommodations.
I'm Dr. Dean Leav, licensed psychologist and qualified medical evaluator (QME). I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I provide Evaluation Services, including (and not limited to): diagnostics (ADHD, Autism, Learning Dis.), cognitive/neuropsychological evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME), immigration-related evaluations, pre-adoption psychological evaluations, parenting/bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, pre-employment evaluations, and legal/forensics/criminal evaluations. These evaluations may be used to meet eligibility for certain services or accommodations.
(949) 328-6161 View (949) 328-6161
Photo of Los Angeles Therapy Network (Santa Monica), Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Monica, CA
Los Angeles Therapy Network (Santa Monica)
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90401
Are you struggling with sexual trauma, a history of childhood abuse, extreme forms of abuse, cult abuse, LGBTQI related issues or needing a therapist whose focus in on empowering you in your life? If so, I am the therapist for you! Feminist Therapist, Board Certified Expert in Treatment of Trauma/PTSD. If life is throwing you a curve ball, let me see if either I or one of the therapists who work with me can help! Special focus in tx sexual trauma & victims of violent crimes. Help with gay/lesbian & transgendered issues. Call me, I can help!
Are you struggling with sexual trauma, a history of childhood abuse, extreme forms of abuse, cult abuse, LGBTQI related issues or needing a therapist whose focus in on empowering you in your life? If so, I am the therapist for you! Feminist Therapist, Board Certified Expert in Treatment of Trauma/PTSD. If life is throwing you a curve ball, let me see if either I or one of the therapists who work with me can help! Special focus in tx sexual trauma & victims of violent crimes. Help with gay/lesbian & transgendered issues. Call me, I can help!
(424) 363-8289 View (424) 363-8289
Photo of Jennifer Clarissa Alonzo, Pre-Licensed Professional in Santa Monica, CA
Jennifer Clarissa Alonzo
Pre-Licensed Professional, APCC
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90405
Do you feel disconnected from people in your life? You are not alone. Relationships are often difficult because people struggle to connect with themselves. Connection is a basic human need. We long to connect with others and it starts by connecting with ourselves. This can be complicated by painful life experiences that lead to fear, mistrust, and hurt that can manifest in relationships with others, taint how we feel in the world at large, and impact how we see ourselves.
Do you feel disconnected from people in your life? You are not alone. Relationships are often difficult because people struggle to connect with themselves. Connection is a basic human need. We long to connect with others and it starts by connecting with ourselves. This can be complicated by painful life experiences that lead to fear, mistrust, and hurt that can manifest in relationships with others, taint how we feel in the world at large, and impact how we see ourselves.
(310) 742-1627 View (310) 742-1627
Photo of Dr. Alan E Clark, Psychologist in Santa Monica, CA
Dr. Alan E Clark
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90404  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist with over 35 years of private practice experience. I trained within APA-accredited doctoral programs and internship programs. I am licensed to practice psychology in both California and Colorado. I specialize in treating couples and individual adults presenting with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, grief, substance abuse, and relational conflict and dissatisfaction. I am trained in psycho-dynamic psychotherapy, but I also apply cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness, and interpersonal psychotherapy techniques to address the best methods for each individual and his or her issues and needs.
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist with over 35 years of private practice experience. I trained within APA-accredited doctoral programs and internship programs. I am licensed to practice psychology in both California and Colorado. I specialize in treating couples and individual adults presenting with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, grief, substance abuse, and relational conflict and dissatisfaction. I am trained in psycho-dynamic psychotherapy, but I also apply cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness, and interpersonal psychotherapy techniques to address the best methods for each individual and his or her issues and needs.
(310) 660-7462 View (310) 660-7462
Photo of Trevor Schraufnagel, Psychologist in Santa Monica, CA
Trevor Schraufnagel
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90403
Balance CBT is the name of my private practice. I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist (PSY27841) and an expert in the assessment and treatment of anxiety disorders and related conditions. My primary focus is providing evidence-based or "known to work" treatments for anxiety-related problems. While I place very high value on research-driven treatments, I strongly believe that compassion, validation, and a powerful relationship are cornerstones to effective therapy. I am a member of the clinical faculty at UCLA and hold positions in the departments of psychiatry and psychology.
Balance CBT is the name of my private practice. I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist (PSY27841) and an expert in the assessment and treatment of anxiety disorders and related conditions. My primary focus is providing evidence-based or "known to work" treatments for anxiety-related problems. While I place very high value on research-driven treatments, I strongly believe that compassion, validation, and a powerful relationship are cornerstones to effective therapy. I am a member of the clinical faculty at UCLA and hold positions in the departments of psychiatry and psychology.
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Photo of Lyndsay Rose Mclaren, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Santa Monica, CA
Lyndsay Rose Mclaren
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC, NCC
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90404  (Online Only)
Seeking help from a mental health specialist can be intimidating at first. My hope as your potential therapist is to provide a safe and encouraging space to explore your own unique life experiences, needs, and challenges as an individual and empower you to propel forward in living a free and beautiful existence. Through a collaborative process, I will join you on your journey of self-exploration, discovery, and growth that honors all aspects of your identity with the goal that you will feel more confident and capable to be the unique individual that you are; wherever you go.
Seeking help from a mental health specialist can be intimidating at first. My hope as your potential therapist is to provide a safe and encouraging space to explore your own unique life experiences, needs, and challenges as an individual and empower you to propel forward in living a free and beautiful existence. Through a collaborative process, I will join you on your journey of self-exploration, discovery, and growth that honors all aspects of your identity with the goal that you will feel more confident and capable to be the unique individual that you are; wherever you go.
(424) 373-7411 View (424) 373-7411
Photo of David W. Schreiber, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Monica, CA
David W. Schreiber
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90403
With so many different kinds of therapists and therapy styles, finding the right therapist can feel like a daunting task. I believe the most important factor in finding the right therapist is what we call the "fit" - how comfortable and understood you feel when sitting with a therapist. I offer an initial consultation to see what it would be like for us to work together. If you decide to keep looking, there is no charge for this session.
With so many different kinds of therapists and therapy styles, finding the right therapist can feel like a daunting task. I believe the most important factor in finding the right therapist is what we call the "fit" - how comfortable and understood you feel when sitting with a therapist. I offer an initial consultation to see what it would be like for us to work together. If you decide to keep looking, there is no charge for this session.
(310) 503-1767 View (310) 503-1767
Photo of Phaizon R Wood, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Monica, CA
Phaizon R Wood
Marriage & Family Therapist, EdD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90403
As a psychotherapist, I know that initiating change can be exciting and extremely challenging. I am dedicated to supporting you through the challenges that come along with the excitement of growing and changing. My commitment is to help you understand and accept all aspects of yourself, and to feel more connected to those around you.
As a psychotherapist, I know that initiating change can be exciting and extremely challenging. I am dedicated to supporting you through the challenges that come along with the excitement of growing and changing. My commitment is to help you understand and accept all aspects of yourself, and to feel more connected to those around you.
(818) 696-4438 View (818) 696-4438
Photo of Lydia Kosinar, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Monica, CA
Lydia Kosinar
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90403
As a marriage and family therapist, I believe that with a strong therapeutic relationship and using the treatment modalities that best fit your needs you can overcome your struggles and live life to its fullest potential. I am experienced in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy as well as Psychodynamic, Mindfulness and Client-Oriented therapeutic techniques to assist individuals, children, couples, or families to improve their ability to manage stress, depressive symptoms and anxiety, cope with emotional difficulties, relapse prevention issues, develop insight and improve their communications.
As a marriage and family therapist, I believe that with a strong therapeutic relationship and using the treatment modalities that best fit your needs you can overcome your struggles and live life to its fullest potential. I am experienced in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy as well as Psychodynamic, Mindfulness and Client-Oriented therapeutic techniques to assist individuals, children, couples, or families to improve their ability to manage stress, depressive symptoms and anxiety, cope with emotional difficulties, relapse prevention issues, develop insight and improve their communications.
(323) 379-1328 View (323) 379-1328

See more therapy options for Santa Monica

Suicidal Ideation Therapists

How does therapy for suicidal ideation work?

Stress, depression, anxiety, or upsetting circumstances can give rise to suicidal thinking. Therapy can address the events at the core of an individual’s suffering. Understanding why a person may be suicidal can help the therapist and the patient discover alternative methods of coping. A person with suicidal ideation may be mired in catastrophic thinking, and treatment like cognitive behavioral therapy is a good choice for breaking such patterns. In addition, treatment such as acceptance and commitment therapy can help a person manage their distress through better emotion regulation.

Which therapies are best for suicidal ideation?

Specific approaches used by professionals include cognitive behavioral, dialectical behavior, psychodynamic, acceptance and commitment therapies, among others. Cognitive behavioral and dialectical behavior therapies are two widely used therapies that can help individuals with painful thoughts and past traumas. These therapies help an individual tolerate distress, regulate emotions, and not act on dangerous urges.

Are there specific medications to be combined with therapy?

The use of medication for suicidal thoughts must be aligned with the underlying cause; conditions such as depression, anxiety, and psychosis may be at the root of suicidal ideation. A psychiatrist may prescribe medications for symptoms, which may include antipsychotics such as aripiprazole or antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

How often and how long are therapy sessions for suicidal ideation?

As with any type of therapy, sessions depend on the individual. Patients may see improvement within 15 to 20 sessions, at an average of 50 minutes per session, while others may opt for 20 to 30 sessions over, perhaps, a six-month period. Still other patients, especially those with co-occurring conditions like major depression and anxiety, may need to continue sessions for up to 12 to 18 months. In some cases, residential treatment may be recommended for an individual who is judged to be at high risk of self-harm.