Therapists in Oakley, CA

Photo of Elizabeth Perez, Counselor in Oakley, CA
Elizabeth Perez
Counselor, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
Hello, my name is Liz Perez and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I'm here to be a guiding hand in your journey by utilizing my knowledge and experience combined with empathy and compassion to help you achieve inner peace and healing. I believe my clients hold the potential to live their best lives. Together, we will work with those strengths to increase your insight and power for change. I utilize a variety of therapeutic approaches, some of which include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Motivational Interviewing and Acceptance Commitment Therapy.
Hello, my name is Liz Perez and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I'm here to be a guiding hand in your journey by utilizing my knowledge and experience combined with empathy and compassion to help you achieve inner peace and healing. I believe my clients hold the potential to live their best lives. Together, we will work with those strengths to increase your insight and power for change. I utilize a variety of therapeutic approaches, some of which include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Motivational Interviewing and Acceptance Commitment Therapy.
(925) 693-7403 View (925) 693-7403
Photo of Angela Riggio, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Angela Riggio
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
My name is Angela Riggio and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California. I believe in providing a safe space for people of all backgrounds to be able to open up and find the support they are needing when facing challenging situations. I have years of experience working in the areas of anxiety, depression, PTSD, adjustment disorder, and relational issues. I like to provide and use techniques from a variety of theorists and focus on cognitive and solutions-focused techniques to be able to assist my clients in improving their quality of life.
My name is Angela Riggio and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California. I believe in providing a safe space for people of all backgrounds to be able to open up and find the support they are needing when facing challenging situations. I have years of experience working in the areas of anxiety, depression, PTSD, adjustment disorder, and relational issues. I like to provide and use techniques from a variety of theorists and focus on cognitive and solutions-focused techniques to be able to assist my clients in improving their quality of life.
(925) 397-2054 View (925) 397-2054
Photo of Marya Aziz, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Marya Aziz
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561  (Online Only)
Hello My name is Marya, I am an LMFT. I am originally from Afghanistan and was raised in California. I have a passion for this field because I have had many experiences that has taught me to gain strength , insight, awareness and I was able to heal myself through my healthy coping that began in my child hood as a refugee. I believe my experiences also provided me with great empathy, understanding and compassion.
Hello My name is Marya, I am an LMFT. I am originally from Afghanistan and was raised in California. I have a passion for this field because I have had many experiences that has taught me to gain strength , insight, awareness and I was able to heal myself through my healthy coping that began in my child hood as a refugee. I believe my experiences also provided me with great empathy, understanding and compassion.
(657) 837-1014 View (657) 837-1014
Photo of Jennifer Oetinger, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Jennifer Oetinger
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561  (Online Only)
Sometimes life feels overwhelming, hope is difficult to find, and it's unclear what path to take. As a therapist, I believe allowing space to express our thoughts and feelings, understand them, and learn new skills can promote healing and relief. I use a flexible, compassionate, and collaborative approach; I truly enjoy working with people and hearing and honoring their stories. I will strive to work within your goals and highlight the strengths and resilience you already have! There is hope for growth and positive change in your life!
Sometimes life feels overwhelming, hope is difficult to find, and it's unclear what path to take. As a therapist, I believe allowing space to express our thoughts and feelings, understand them, and learn new skills can promote healing and relief. I use a flexible, compassionate, and collaborative approach; I truly enjoy working with people and hearing and honoring their stories. I will strive to work within your goals and highlight the strengths and resilience you already have! There is hope for growth and positive change in your life!
(925) 966-3462 View (925) 966-3462
Photo of Michelle Gutierrez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Michelle Gutierrez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
Hi there! My name is Michelle Gutierrez, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. As humans, we all go through obstacles and life-changing events. My goal is to provide a safe place where you feel supported without the fear of judgment. I provide psychotherapy with a client/centered approach, meaning that my work is a collaborative process where client's expressed goals are a guide for their treatment. I utilize a few approaches including psychodynamic, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, as well as Motivational Interviewing.
Hi there! My name is Michelle Gutierrez, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. As humans, we all go through obstacles and life-changing events. My goal is to provide a safe place where you feel supported without the fear of judgment. I provide psychotherapy with a client/centered approach, meaning that my work is a collaborative process where client's expressed goals are a guide for their treatment. I utilize a few approaches including psychodynamic, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, as well as Motivational Interviewing.
(323) 997-8611 View (323) 997-8611
Photo of Beatriz Velasquez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Beatriz Velasquez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
My name is Beatriz Velasquez and I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in Southern California and working with clients statewide via Telehealth. I’m a bilingual (English and Spanish) therapist with many years of experience working with different populations and ethnic groups. I focus on young adults, children, and families concerning issues of transitions, depression, anxiety, with a specialization in trauma and perinatal mental health. I use a strength-based and trauma-informed approach that uses mindfulness, Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) techniques, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
My name is Beatriz Velasquez and I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in Southern California and working with clients statewide via Telehealth. I’m a bilingual (English and Spanish) therapist with many years of experience working with different populations and ethnic groups. I focus on young adults, children, and families concerning issues of transitions, depression, anxiety, with a specialization in trauma and perinatal mental health. I use a strength-based and trauma-informed approach that uses mindfulness, Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) techniques, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
(559) 206-1934 View (559) 206-1934
Photo of Leslie Romero-Gallegos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakley, CA
Leslie Romero-Gallegos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
Hello, My name is Leslie Romero-Gallegos and I am a bilingual Licensed Clinical Social Worker located in Southern California. I work with adult individuals who are struggling in many areas of their mental health.
Hello, My name is Leslie Romero-Gallegos and I am a bilingual Licensed Clinical Social Worker located in Southern California. I work with adult individuals who are struggling in many areas of their mental health.
(657) 837-5888 View (657) 837-5888
Photo of Christina Trindade, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Christina Trindade
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
My name is Christina Trindade and I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist (LMFT) based in Modesto, California, and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with couples and individuals specializing in anxiety, stress, phase of life adjustments, and relational distress utilizing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Narrative Therapy, Strategic Therapy, and Gottman theories to help my clients make progress, heal relationships, and start feeling better.
My name is Christina Trindade and I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist (LMFT) based in Modesto, California, and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with couples and individuals specializing in anxiety, stress, phase of life adjustments, and relational distress utilizing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Narrative Therapy, Strategic Therapy, and Gottman theories to help my clients make progress, heal relationships, and start feeling better.
(559) 702-5122 View (559) 702-5122
Photo of Autumn Ward, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakley, CA
Autumn Ward
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
My name is Autumn Ward, and I am a licensed clinical social worker in California. I focus on anxiety, depression, and adjustment to life transitions. I am eclectic in practice and follow several theoretical approaches focused on evidence-based therapies. I love working with people of all ages and situations who want to increase their functioning and better their understanding of themselves and the world around them. I have extensive experience working with humans struggling with anxiety, panic, depression, and adjusting to life changes.
My name is Autumn Ward, and I am a licensed clinical social worker in California. I focus on anxiety, depression, and adjustment to life transitions. I am eclectic in practice and follow several theoretical approaches focused on evidence-based therapies. I love working with people of all ages and situations who want to increase their functioning and better their understanding of themselves and the world around them. I have extensive experience working with humans struggling with anxiety, panic, depression, and adjusting to life changes.
(619) 566-7706 View (619) 566-7706
Photo of Tecsia Evans, Psychologist in Oakley, CA
Tecsia Evans
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Oakley, CA 94561
Dr. Evans at Your Therapy Now, provides quality clinical and assessment services for the everyday person. Our focus is to collaborate with you and identify concrete goals for your emotional health, create a plan that helps you achieve these goals and provide a supportive space that empowers you along the way. Our model is simple: therapy is meant to equip you with the tools you need, as you need them, to make the changes you desire to see in your life.
Dr. Evans at Your Therapy Now, provides quality clinical and assessment services for the everyday person. Our focus is to collaborate with you and identify concrete goals for your emotional health, create a plan that helps you achieve these goals and provide a supportive space that empowers you along the way. Our model is simple: therapy is meant to equip you with the tools you need, as you need them, to make the changes you desire to see in your life.
(510) 369-1495 View (510) 369-1495
Photo of Penny Sullenger, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Penny Sullenger
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
To any prospective clients: If you are reading this, you have decided that you or your child may need assistance. My name is Penny Rose Sullenger and I have been a Licensed Marriage-Family Therapist (LMFT) for the past 15 years. I primarily have experience with people ages 12 and up to young adults (high school to early college). I am able to assist young people who struggle with anxiety, depression, gender identity, school/social issues, autism, behavioral issues, and so on.
To any prospective clients: If you are reading this, you have decided that you or your child may need assistance. My name is Penny Rose Sullenger and I have been a Licensed Marriage-Family Therapist (LMFT) for the past 15 years. I primarily have experience with people ages 12 and up to young adults (high school to early college). I am able to assist young people who struggle with anxiety, depression, gender identity, school/social issues, autism, behavioral issues, and so on.
(323) 205-7088 View (323) 205-7088
Photo of Stacy Elliott, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Stacy Elliott
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
Hi, my name is Stacy Elliott, and I'm a Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) who is based in Northern California but sees clients statewide via Telehealth. I work with adolescents, teens, and adults. I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, trauma, stress, school/work issues as well as relationship issues with self and others. I use mindfulness, coping strategies, body-based interventions (Somatic), and CBT to help my clients begin to feel better. My therapeutic approach varies based on the needs of my clients and what they desire out of therapy.
Hi, my name is Stacy Elliott, and I'm a Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) who is based in Northern California but sees clients statewide via Telehealth. I work with adolescents, teens, and adults. I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, trauma, stress, school/work issues as well as relationship issues with self and others. I use mindfulness, coping strategies, body-based interventions (Somatic), and CBT to help my clients begin to feel better. My therapeutic approach varies based on the needs of my clients and what they desire out of therapy.
(442) 223-0374 View (442) 223-0374
Photo of Margaret Barry, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakley, CA
Margaret Barry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
For over 25 years, I have helped individuals and families heal from the impact of mental illness, trauma and loss in their lives. Past experiences can affect a persons ability to care for themselves in healthy ways and enjoy intimate relationships. If you are feeling stuck in unhealthy patterns, whether with a partner, or other important people in your life, call for a free consultation to see if therapy might be right for you.
For over 25 years, I have helped individuals and families heal from the impact of mental illness, trauma and loss in their lives. Past experiences can affect a persons ability to care for themselves in healthy ways and enjoy intimate relationships. If you are feeling stuck in unhealthy patterns, whether with a partner, or other important people in your life, call for a free consultation to see if therapy might be right for you.
(562) 620-8083 View (562) 620-8083
Photo of Anne Marie Whitaker, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Oakley, CA
Anne Marie Whitaker
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakley, CA 94561
Current openings for new clients! Are you experiencing distressing thoughts that scare you? Do you feel compelled to complete certain tasks (even mentally) due to your thoughts? Do others often comment that you are anxious or always on edge? Or perhaps you're struggling with peer or family relationships, major life changes and use unhealthy means of coping with stress? If you or your teen have answered yes to any of these questions, I may be able to help. As a client-centered therapist, I believe that healing begins with a strong therapeutic relationship; one that is genuine and compassionate.
Current openings for new clients! Are you experiencing distressing thoughts that scare you? Do you feel compelled to complete certain tasks (even mentally) due to your thoughts? Do others often comment that you are anxious or always on edge? Or perhaps you're struggling with peer or family relationships, major life changes and use unhealthy means of coping with stress? If you or your teen have answered yes to any of these questions, I may be able to help. As a client-centered therapist, I believe that healing begins with a strong therapeutic relationship; one that is genuine and compassionate.
(510) 399-2459 View (510) 399-2459
Photo of Hope Springs Psychotherapy and Consulting, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Hope Springs Psychotherapy and Consulting
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PsyD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
We are a mental health practice focused on tailoring therapy to your needs, while providing an environment to promote healing and wellness. We believe in "Building resilience, one life experience at a time". There are many options when it comes to seeking therapy. We believe that trust, and a willingness to be vulnerable is not something that should be taken lightly. We believe a therapeutic relationship in a safe environment can be healing. Regardless of what has caused you to consider therapy, know that our passion to help others means that we are committed to helping you.
We are a mental health practice focused on tailoring therapy to your needs, while providing an environment to promote healing and wellness. We believe in "Building resilience, one life experience at a time". There are many options when it comes to seeking therapy. We believe that trust, and a willingness to be vulnerable is not something that should be taken lightly. We believe a therapeutic relationship in a safe environment can be healing. Regardless of what has caused you to consider therapy, know that our passion to help others means that we are committed to helping you.
(925) 643-2014 View (925) 643-2014
Marjory J Giustino
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561
Life can be less frustrating when we learn to respond to others instead of reacting to them. I am a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist with experience providing therapy to individuals, children, adults, families and couples. My specialties include anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, relationship and life changes and parenting and couples issues.
Life can be less frustrating when we learn to respond to others instead of reacting to them. I am a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist with experience providing therapy to individuals, children, adults, families and couples. My specialties include anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, relationship and life changes and parenting and couples issues.
(925) 521-8834 View (925) 521-8834
Photo of Rachel Stegman Family Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Rachel Stegman Family Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Oakley, CA 94561
Hello and welcome. Today you are one step closer to a new you. Feel empowered and on a positive path to growth and well-being. By applying complementary therapy techniques, as well as over 12 years of experience, we will unearth long-standing behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a fulfilling and meaningful life. If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you're just ready to move in a new direction, I look forward to working with you to achieve your goals. Please call or email me for a brief consultation. www.rachelstegmanfamilytherapy.com
Hello and welcome. Today you are one step closer to a new you. Feel empowered and on a positive path to growth and well-being. By applying complementary therapy techniques, as well as over 12 years of experience, we will unearth long-standing behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a fulfilling and meaningful life. If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you're just ready to move in a new direction, I look forward to working with you to achieve your goals. Please call or email me for a brief consultation. www.rachelstegmanfamilytherapy.com
(925) 892-3015 View (925) 892-3015
Photo of Charlin Amber Lumia, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Charlin Amber Lumia
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakley, CA 94561  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Hello and thank you for taking the time to view my profile and taking the first step in your journey. Everyone has a unique story and circumstances. Sometimes we get so overwhelmed and don't know where to start. I am here to help navigate the process and identify needs and goals. What do you want from therapy? If things were better what would they look like? What is your best possible you and life? Are you as happy as you can be? No goal is too big or too small :) Therapy is a collaborative process and mutual trust is critical to success.
Hello and thank you for taking the time to view my profile and taking the first step in your journey. Everyone has a unique story and circumstances. Sometimes we get so overwhelmed and don't know where to start. I am here to help navigate the process and identify needs and goals. What do you want from therapy? If things were better what would they look like? What is your best possible you and life? Are you as happy as you can be? No goal is too big or too small :) Therapy is a collaborative process and mutual trust is critical to success.
(925) 701-8929 View (925) 701-8929
Photo of Kimally Samuels, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Kimally Samuels
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakley, CA 94561  (Online Only)
I am blessed and humbled by the opportunity to do what I love, which is working with people. Are you in need of support and understanding? Life can be difficult; having someone to share your feelings with can be equally difficult. I am compassionate, caring and nuturing. I provide a secure space for you to talk about your emotions openly without judgement.
I am blessed and humbled by the opportunity to do what I love, which is working with people. Are you in need of support and understanding? Life can be difficult; having someone to share your feelings with can be equally difficult. I am compassionate, caring and nuturing. I provide a secure space for you to talk about your emotions openly without judgement.
(925) 489-1492 View (925) 489-1492
Photo of Amy L W Scott, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakley, CA
Amy L W Scott
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakley, CA 94561
In my practice, I work with children, adolescents, adults, and couples. I offer both short-term therapy and longer insight-oriented work. I utilize my years of experience, intuition, compassion, and humor to support my clients in addressing the issues that brought them into therapy. I specialize in treating depression, anxiety, anger, abuse/trauma, parenting/divorce/blended family issues, foster care, as well as other social, emotional, and behavioral issues. Through my dynamic approach, I provide a safe and nurturing environment to explore and resolve various issues. I draw from the following theories and techniques: psychodynamic, client-centered, humanistic, play therapy, mindfulness, and somatic psychology.
In my practice, I work with children, adolescents, adults, and couples. I offer both short-term therapy and longer insight-oriented work. I utilize my years of experience, intuition, compassion, and humor to support my clients in addressing the issues that brought them into therapy. I specialize in treating depression, anxiety, anger, abuse/trauma, parenting/divorce/blended family issues, foster care, as well as other social, emotional, and behavioral issues. Through my dynamic approach, I provide a safe and nurturing environment to explore and resolve various issues. I draw from the following theories and techniques: psychodynamic, client-centered, humanistic, play therapy, mindfulness, and somatic psychology.
(925) 259-3954 View (925) 259-3954

See more therapy options for Oakley

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakley, CA

50+

Average cost per session

$155

Therapists in Oakley, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
84% Coping Skills
78% Self Esteem
73% Relationship Issues
69% Stress
57% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Optum
79% Aetna
74% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Oakley, CA see their clients

83% In Person and Online
17% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
12% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakley?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.