Therapists in San Francisco, CA

View neighborhoods in San Francisco
Photo of Mary Deyo, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Mary Deyo
Psychologist, MA, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
NOW ACCEPTING CLIENTS for individual, couples and group therapy. PLEASE ASK ABOUT ONLINE SUPPORT GROUPS Anyone who is currently struggling with emotional pain and wanting to change, is my ideal client. I am here to guide you through a journey into your mind and heart, to help you face your greatest fears, and discover your unimaginable strength. Out of the ashes, rises the phoenix and out of a personal crisis, comes tremendous growth and healing. Whether you are dealing with mood swings, depression, anxiety, addiction, panic, trauma or relationship issues, I am here to help. https://fitforjoy.org/guests1/dr-mary-deyo
NOW ACCEPTING CLIENTS for individual, couples and group therapy. PLEASE ASK ABOUT ONLINE SUPPORT GROUPS Anyone who is currently struggling with emotional pain and wanting to change, is my ideal client. I am here to guide you through a journey into your mind and heart, to help you face your greatest fears, and discover your unimaginable strength. Out of the ashes, rises the phoenix and out of a personal crisis, comes tremendous growth and healing. Whether you are dealing with mood swings, depression, anxiety, addiction, panic, trauma or relationship issues, I am here to help. https://fitforjoy.org/guests1/dr-mary-deyo
(707) 336-8493 View (707) 336-8493
Photo of Kathleen Louise Someah, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Kathleen Louise Someah
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94108
I am especially passionate about treating eating disorders. I see clients of varying age groups with a particular focus on adolescents, transitional age youth and young adults. Changing one's behaviors and psychological states is a process and I aim to meet clients where they are at in terms of their readiness for change. In addition to specific graduate training and many years working at Stanford Health's inpatient eating disorder unit, I also have lived experience dealing with disordered eating, and find that my own recovery journey benefits clients and serves as a reminder that recovery is attainable.
I am especially passionate about treating eating disorders. I see clients of varying age groups with a particular focus on adolescents, transitional age youth and young adults. Changing one's behaviors and psychological states is a process and I aim to meet clients where they are at in terms of their readiness for change. In addition to specific graduate training and many years working at Stanford Health's inpatient eating disorder unit, I also have lived experience dealing with disordered eating, and find that my own recovery journey benefits clients and serves as a reminder that recovery is attainable.
(628) 200-4079 View (628) 200-4079
Photo of Adilia E Torres, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Adilia E Torres
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94120  (Online Only)
Healing is a gift that emerges from seeds cultivated by struggle, broken borders, and bold dreams. I am a queer mental health practitioner in the Bay Area. My daily practice as a mental health clinician is guided and shaped by culturally relevant services imbued with an Indigenous approach to healing and medicine. My work is focused on trauma-trauma-informed care and recovery services for children, youth, adults, and families impacted by (im)migration, displacement, and other forms of oppression. We individualize and collaborate with the creation of your treatment plan of care tailored to the needs of each person. English & Spanish
Healing is a gift that emerges from seeds cultivated by struggle, broken borders, and bold dreams. I am a queer mental health practitioner in the Bay Area. My daily practice as a mental health clinician is guided and shaped by culturally relevant services imbued with an Indigenous approach to healing and medicine. My work is focused on trauma-trauma-informed care and recovery services for children, youth, adults, and families impacted by (im)migration, displacement, and other forms of oppression. We individualize and collaborate with the creation of your treatment plan of care tailored to the needs of each person. English & Spanish
(415) 639-3276 View (415) 639-3276
Photo of Sarah Calloway, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Sarah Calloway
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
People begin therapy for many reasons: support through grief and loss, divorce, gender and sexuality concerns, relationship conflict, crisis, addiction, deepening self-awareness. Whatever your reason for seeking help I will greet you with warmth, genuine interest and a commitment to working collaboratively throughout the process. I am a strengths-based and psychodynamic psychotherapist. My style is interactive, authentic and warm. I also incorporate DBT and CBT when evidence-based practices are needed. The methods I use in treatment vary in response to my clients' different concerns and needs.
People begin therapy for many reasons: support through grief and loss, divorce, gender and sexuality concerns, relationship conflict, crisis, addiction, deepening self-awareness. Whatever your reason for seeking help I will greet you with warmth, genuine interest and a commitment to working collaboratively throughout the process. I am a strengths-based and psychodynamic psychotherapist. My style is interactive, authentic and warm. I also incorporate DBT and CBT when evidence-based practices are needed. The methods I use in treatment vary in response to my clients' different concerns and needs.
(415) 801-3308 View (415) 801-3308
Photo of Garett Weinstein - Expansive Therapy, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Francisco, CA
Garett Weinstein - Expansive Therapy
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94110
I believe in the transformative power of genuine connection, acknowledging the unique intersections of each person's journey and creating an affirming environment where diverse identities are celebrated. Together we will navigate the intricacies of relationships, identity, and personal growth in a holistic and affirming manner.
I believe in the transformative power of genuine connection, acknowledging the unique intersections of each person's journey and creating an affirming environment where diverse identities are celebrated. Together we will navigate the intricacies of relationships, identity, and personal growth in a holistic and affirming manner.
(628) 265-3610 View (628) 265-3610
April Suzanne Perkins
Counselor, LMFT
Not Verified Not Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
Going through life's journey is like riding a roller coaster full of ups, downs, twists, and turns. On a roller coaster, you often have someone sitting next to you regardless of if you know the person. Think of life the same way. It is challenging and shouldn't be done alone. My passion is to help clients go through life transitions and challenges with more ease by identifying and rediscovering their strengths to develop a healthy lifestyle.
Going through life's journey is like riding a roller coaster full of ups, downs, twists, and turns. On a roller coaster, you often have someone sitting next to you regardless of if you know the person. Think of life the same way. It is challenging and shouldn't be done alone. My passion is to help clients go through life transitions and challenges with more ease by identifying and rediscovering their strengths to develop a healthy lifestyle.
(209) 255-5266 View (209) 255-5266
Photo of Aimee Armata, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Aimee Armata
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94110  (Online Only)
Are you curious about the impact of your past on your present? Are you curious about your relationship patterns and choices? Do you often feel misunderstood or invalidated? Do you feel seen and valued for who and how you are? Are you interested in desire, liberation and an expansion of your worldview? I have deep, personal connections to these pathways of inquiry and reflection and am interested in engaging in this work with others.
Are you curious about the impact of your past on your present? Are you curious about your relationship patterns and choices? Do you often feel misunderstood or invalidated? Do you feel seen and valued for who and how you are? Are you interested in desire, liberation and an expansion of your worldview? I have deep, personal connections to these pathways of inquiry and reflection and am interested in engaging in this work with others.
(415) 944-1314 View (415) 944-1314
Photo of Elise Yoshida, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Elise Yoshida
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94108  (Online Only)
Life is so stressful, that anxiety can feel like a constant companion highlighting worry after worry. I can help you see life and yourself differently by teaching you skills that are supported by research. My specialty is helping people address their anxiety symptoms, cope with stress, and change their relationship to worry by using evidence-based practices (CBT, DBT, ACT, and mindfulness). I strive to create a supportive therapeutic relationship with my genuine, compassionate, and culturally responsive style. Together, we will work as a team to reach your goals so that you feel empowered to take on stressors.
Life is so stressful, that anxiety can feel like a constant companion highlighting worry after worry. I can help you see life and yourself differently by teaching you skills that are supported by research. My specialty is helping people address their anxiety symptoms, cope with stress, and change their relationship to worry by using evidence-based practices (CBT, DBT, ACT, and mindfulness). I strive to create a supportive therapeutic relationship with my genuine, compassionate, and culturally responsive style. Together, we will work as a team to reach your goals so that you feel empowered to take on stressors.
(562) 451-8470 View (562) 451-8470
Photo of Ioanna Angelakis, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Ioanna Angelakis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
My name is pronounced E-O-Anna, and I have 15 years of experience in assisting unique individuals, like yourself, in overcoming obstacles and setbacks, to shine as you are meant to. I work from a Strength-Based Approach and believe in your potential, whether you are a child or an adult, with a collaborative, individualized and Brief strategy to help you to alleviate those symptoms with haste. I specialize in treating Anxiety and Trauma with EMDR, CBT and Somatic modalities to ensure progress, with a Brief/Solutions focused framework. Together we will see the progress you desire, and quickly.
My name is pronounced E-O-Anna, and I have 15 years of experience in assisting unique individuals, like yourself, in overcoming obstacles and setbacks, to shine as you are meant to. I work from a Strength-Based Approach and believe in your potential, whether you are a child or an adult, with a collaborative, individualized and Brief strategy to help you to alleviate those symptoms with haste. I specialize in treating Anxiety and Trauma with EMDR, CBT and Somatic modalities to ensure progress, with a Brief/Solutions focused framework. Together we will see the progress you desire, and quickly.
(510) 257-9678 View (510) 257-9678
Stephanie Golinveaux
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94104
Not accepting new clients
Hello! I'm Dr. G - I believe therapy is transformative. That being said, therapy is not “one size fits all,” and finding what works for you is a critical part of the process. My personal style combines empathy and trust, with understanding and some humor. Please reach out if you have any questions about therapy, mental health, or my practice.
Hello! I'm Dr. G - I believe therapy is transformative. That being said, therapy is not “one size fits all,” and finding what works for you is a critical part of the process. My personal style combines empathy and trust, with understanding and some humor. Please reach out if you have any questions about therapy, mental health, or my practice.
(628) 666-6835 View (628) 666-6835
Photo of Nick Zwerdling, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Nick Zwerdling
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102  (Online Only)
Your life has meaning. There are moments in life when this doesn't feel so obvious. We can find ourselves feeling stuck, like there is no way out. Repeating old patterns can lead to feeling unfulfilled and discouraged. Change is possible. Therapy offers the opportunity to redefine your past, create a better present and ensure a meaningful future. I meet my clients where they are at, offering a safe and judgement-free space to share what is going on. Together, we can remove the roadblocks in your way and get back on track.
Your life has meaning. There are moments in life when this doesn't feel so obvious. We can find ourselves feeling stuck, like there is no way out. Repeating old patterns can lead to feeling unfulfilled and discouraged. Change is possible. Therapy offers the opportunity to redefine your past, create a better present and ensure a meaningful future. I meet my clients where they are at, offering a safe and judgement-free space to share what is going on. Together, we can remove the roadblocks in your way and get back on track.
(415) 886-0272 View (415) 886-0272
Photo of Leanne Spagnola, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Leanne Spagnola
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
The therapeutic relationship is the biggest indicator of successful outcomes in therapy. I'm glad you are here in search of the right therapist for you. I work from a trauma-informed psychodynamic perspective. I focus on the nature and quality of the relationships in your life, past and present, to identify strengths, pain points, patterns, and connections. When appropriate, I utilize principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Narrative Therapy, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to assist you in moving toward your goals.
The therapeutic relationship is the biggest indicator of successful outcomes in therapy. I'm glad you are here in search of the right therapist for you. I work from a trauma-informed psychodynamic perspective. I focus on the nature and quality of the relationships in your life, past and present, to identify strengths, pain points, patterns, and connections. When appropriate, I utilize principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Narrative Therapy, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to assist you in moving toward your goals.
(628) 336-4062 View (628) 336-4062
Photo of Shanna Holladay, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Shanna Holladay
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
Have you been strugging with Depression, Relationship issues, or Life Transitions? I can help you find a place of acceptance and healing through our relationship and work together. I have been helping people change their lives for 20 years. I use an interactive, relational approach to help guide you toward a higher level of self-awareness, and improved self-esteem. I believe therapy works through exploring your relationships to others, and by developing our relationship and connection to each other. I provide a safe, non-judgmental space for us to explore who you are and who you want to be.
Have you been strugging with Depression, Relationship issues, or Life Transitions? I can help you find a place of acceptance and healing through our relationship and work together. I have been helping people change their lives for 20 years. I use an interactive, relational approach to help guide you toward a higher level of self-awareness, and improved self-esteem. I believe therapy works through exploring your relationships to others, and by developing our relationship and connection to each other. I provide a safe, non-judgmental space for us to explore who you are and who you want to be.
(415) 936-8372 View (415) 936-8372
Photo of Taylor Wikel, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Taylor Wikel
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
Coming to therapy can be a vulnerable experience, which is why I aim to provide a safe, supportive, empathetic and nonjudgmental environment. My professional background and experience applying Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) and Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) has given me a passion to work with individuals with severe mental illness and personality disorders.
Coming to therapy can be a vulnerable experience, which is why I aim to provide a safe, supportive, empathetic and nonjudgmental environment. My professional background and experience applying Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) and Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) has given me a passion to work with individuals with severe mental illness and personality disorders.
(415) 949-3187 View (415) 949-3187
Photo of Suzanne Bernier, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Suzanne Bernier
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
Welcome! Searching for a therapist can feel overwhelming, and I'm happy you are taking the first steps. Whether navigating difficult relationships or learning how to better manage stress and anxiety, I am passionate about helping others create meaningful and lasting positive change in their lives. Life transitions of all kinds are a special area of interest for me, particularly around the individual experience of divorce or separation. I have worked extensively with adolescents, and enjoy the challenges and changes that are unique to this stage of life.
Welcome! Searching for a therapist can feel overwhelming, and I'm happy you are taking the first steps. Whether navigating difficult relationships or learning how to better manage stress and anxiety, I am passionate about helping others create meaningful and lasting positive change in their lives. Life transitions of all kinds are a special area of interest for me, particularly around the individual experience of divorce or separation. I have worked extensively with adolescents, and enjoy the challenges and changes that are unique to this stage of life.
(415) 767-5144 View (415) 767-5144
Photo of Stephen Buehler, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Stephen Buehler
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94117  (Online Only)
In my private practice I work with individuals, couples and families. I help individuals feel more personal freedom, alignment and ease in relation to stressors and dilemmas. I help couples connect with deeper clarity, intimacy & autonomy. I specialize in psychotherapy for healthcare workers, particularly physicians and nurses, to address burnout, emotional exhaustion, and workplace dynamics. I've also worked extensively with couples, family and those suffering from anxiety, panic, dissociation.
In my private practice I work with individuals, couples and families. I help individuals feel more personal freedom, alignment and ease in relation to stressors and dilemmas. I help couples connect with deeper clarity, intimacy & autonomy. I specialize in psychotherapy for healthcare workers, particularly physicians and nurses, to address burnout, emotional exhaustion, and workplace dynamics. I've also worked extensively with couples, family and those suffering from anxiety, panic, dissociation.
(707) 988-5834 View (707) 988-5834
Photo of Matt Grundy, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Matt Grundy
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94131
I primarily work with complex and developmental trauma, dissociation, anxiety & depression. I hold each of us as holistic beings, organisms coming from untold generations of survival, bodies that have found vital & creative ways to adapt & survive the environments of our pasts.
I primarily work with complex and developmental trauma, dissociation, anxiety & depression. I hold each of us as holistic beings, organisms coming from untold generations of survival, bodies that have found vital & creative ways to adapt & survive the environments of our pasts.
(415) 855-3617 View (415) 855-3617
Photo of Jane Steinberg, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Jane Steinberg
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
Are you searching for more meaning, joy or ease in your life? Do you long for more fulfilling work and relationships? Do you wish you had more confidence to live your dreams? It takes courage to take the risk to reach out for help and begin the process of exploring yourself. Psychotherapy is a safe space in which to release old patterns and beliefs so that you can move toward the life you most deeply want. I can help you engage fully with yourself, and we'll collaborate in identifying the specific methods and techniques that work best for you to achieve your specific goals.
Are you searching for more meaning, joy or ease in your life? Do you long for more fulfilling work and relationships? Do you wish you had more confidence to live your dreams? It takes courage to take the risk to reach out for help and begin the process of exploring yourself. Psychotherapy is a safe space in which to release old patterns and beliefs so that you can move toward the life you most deeply want. I can help you engage fully with yourself, and we'll collaborate in identifying the specific methods and techniques that work best for you to achieve your specific goals.
(415) 944-4250 View (415) 944-4250
Photo of Beth L. Cook, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Beth L. Cook
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
Whether you are dealing with mood or anxiety difficulties that you have lived with for years, or facing a crisis as a result of an unexpected event, I will help you face this challenge and emerge stronger. For those seeking resolution of a specific problem or set of symptoms, or interpersonal and relationship difficulties, I take a fairly structured, goal-oriented approach. I also provide rehabilitation therapy to individuals recovering from concussion and complex medical problems. I work with you to minimize concussive symptoms and refer to appropriate rehabilitation services as needed. I assist with return to work or school.
Whether you are dealing with mood or anxiety difficulties that you have lived with for years, or facing a crisis as a result of an unexpected event, I will help you face this challenge and emerge stronger. For those seeking resolution of a specific problem or set of symptoms, or interpersonal and relationship difficulties, I take a fairly structured, goal-oriented approach. I also provide rehabilitation therapy to individuals recovering from concussion and complex medical problems. I work with you to minimize concussive symptoms and refer to appropriate rehabilitation services as needed. I assist with return to work or school.
(415) 527-5194 View (415) 527-5194
Photo of Whitney M. Keilman, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Whitney M. Keilman
Psychologist, MA, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94104  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist providing therapy to teens and adults residing in California. I believe that every individual is unique and deserving of love, and I feel that this shines through in my work. Seeking therapy is not always easy, and I’m truly honored to be a part of my Patient’s healing and strengthening processes.
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist providing therapy to teens and adults residing in California. I believe that every individual is unique and deserving of love, and I feel that this shines through in my work. Seeking therapy is not always easy, and I’m truly honored to be a part of my Patient’s healing and strengthening processes.
(415) 903-8664 View (415) 903-8664

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.