Therapists in Morton Grove, IL

Photo of Savannah Stone, Counselor in Morton Grove, IL
Savannah Stone
Counselor, MA, ATR, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Morton Grove, IL 60053  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) and Registered Art Therapist, currently working toward a Ph.D. in Art Therapy Psychology. I am experienced in working with artists, BIPOC and members of the LGBTQ community. I approach therapy from the lens of critical consciousness, intersectionality and anti-oppressive knowledge. In sessions, I use critical inquiry around issues of identity as it relates to difference, prevailing power structures, inequality and oppression. It is my goal as a therapist to go beyond the concepts of multiculturalism and decolonize our beliefs about pathology and healing.
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) and Registered Art Therapist, currently working toward a Ph.D. in Art Therapy Psychology. I am experienced in working with artists, BIPOC and members of the LGBTQ community. I approach therapy from the lens of critical consciousness, intersectionality and anti-oppressive knowledge. In sessions, I use critical inquiry around issues of identity as it relates to difference, prevailing power structures, inequality and oppression. It is my goal as a therapist to go beyond the concepts of multiculturalism and decolonize our beliefs about pathology and healing.
(312) 516-2360 View (312) 516-2360
Photo of Star Ruedas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Morton Grove, IL
Star Ruedas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053
My ideal client is someone who is willing to be helped, someone who is accepting of change, and someone who is open to ideas/conversations and is looking to be heard. The issues my ideal client presents with are varied and can include anxiety, depression, self-esteem, stress, or relationships. As for their goals, the goal would be to become a better human being that is balanced and at peace with those around them - to become a better friend, a better partner, or a better person for their family. My ideal client wants to become the best version of themselves, or they want to learn how to love and accept themselves as they are.
My ideal client is someone who is willing to be helped, someone who is accepting of change, and someone who is open to ideas/conversations and is looking to be heard. The issues my ideal client presents with are varied and can include anxiety, depression, self-esteem, stress, or relationships. As for their goals, the goal would be to become a better human being that is balanced and at peace with those around them - to become a better friend, a better partner, or a better person for their family. My ideal client wants to become the best version of themselves, or they want to learn how to love and accept themselves as they are.
(847) 654-9288 View (847) 654-9288
Photo of Ramona B. Zarate, Counselor in Morton Grove, IL
Ramona B. Zarate
Counselor, LCPC, CADC
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053  (Online Only)
Therapy can be a safe way for individuals to address the underlying causes of their depression or anxiety. It is a way for individuals to develop internal tools and to gain support to manage their emotions that prevent them from living a happier and more meaningful life. Therapy can be a way to learn more about yourself and to set aside time to take care of yourself.
Therapy can be a safe way for individuals to address the underlying causes of their depression or anxiety. It is a way for individuals to develop internal tools and to gain support to manage their emotions that prevent them from living a happier and more meaningful life. Therapy can be a way to learn more about yourself and to set aside time to take care of yourself.
(847) 261-8165 View (847) 261-8165
Photo of Dominika Landau-Lee, Licensed Professional Counselor in Morton Grove, IL
Dominika Landau-Lee
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053
I believe that a warm, sincere, and culturally sensitive therapeutic relationship is essential to my clients' success. My practice is compassionate, non-judgmental, and trauma-informed. I strive to empower clients by facilitating their self-discovery, helping them recognize their strengths, and building resilience. Together, we work on identifying emotions and exploring unhelpful thinking patterns so that clients can attain their goals, heal, and live fulfilling lives.
I believe that a warm, sincere, and culturally sensitive therapeutic relationship is essential to my clients' success. My practice is compassionate, non-judgmental, and trauma-informed. I strive to empower clients by facilitating their self-discovery, helping them recognize their strengths, and building resilience. Together, we work on identifying emotions and exploring unhelpful thinking patterns so that clients can attain their goals, heal, and live fulfilling lives.
(224) 212-1429 View (224) 212-1429
Photo of Sasha Parker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Morton Grove, IL
Sasha Parker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053  (Online Only)
Hello, My name is Sasha Parker, LCSW. I graduated from Loyola University Chicago have more then 10 years experience as a social worker. I do not believe I have an ideal clt and am open to assist anyone in need. I believe in a holistic approach with everyone having unique needs, backgrounds and issues. Whether you are a adolescent, adult ,senior, or couple you qualify for my assistance.
Hello, My name is Sasha Parker, LCSW. I graduated from Loyola University Chicago have more then 10 years experience as a social worker. I do not believe I have an ideal clt and am open to assist anyone in need. I believe in a holistic approach with everyone having unique needs, backgrounds and issues. Whether you are a adolescent, adult ,senior, or couple you qualify for my assistance.
(224) 243-7071 View (224) 243-7071
Photo of Carolyn A Barsano, Psychologist in Morton Grove, IL
Carolyn A Barsano
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053
As a Licensed Clinical Psychologist, I enjoy working with people of all ages. I am experienced in treating a wide range of clinical issues with children, adolescents, adults, and families, including anxiety, depression, issues of self-esteem, grief and loss, attention deficit and hyperactivity concerns, difficulties in school or work, and life transitions, as well as providing advocacy and psychoeducation to parents and caregivers.
As a Licensed Clinical Psychologist, I enjoy working with people of all ages. I am experienced in treating a wide range of clinical issues with children, adolescents, adults, and families, including anxiety, depression, issues of self-esteem, grief and loss, attention deficit and hyperactivity concerns, difficulties in school or work, and life transitions, as well as providing advocacy and psychoeducation to parents and caregivers.
(773) 796-3990 View (773) 796-3990
Photo of Mona Manning, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Morton Grove, IL
Mona Manning
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PC
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053
I see therapy as an opportunity for fostering personal growth and achieving emotional maturity. We all face challenges and struggles at various points in our lives. Failure to overcome these challenges can lead to feelings of anxiety and depression and may impact one's relationship with family and friends. While we can't change the past, therapy can help uncover long-standing patterns and behaviors that can get in the way of fulfilling relationships with ourselves and others. I will help you understand the problems you are facing and find meaning and solutions that work best for you.
I see therapy as an opportunity for fostering personal growth and achieving emotional maturity. We all face challenges and struggles at various points in our lives. Failure to overcome these challenges can lead to feelings of anxiety and depression and may impact one's relationship with family and friends. While we can't change the past, therapy can help uncover long-standing patterns and behaviors that can get in the way of fulfilling relationships with ourselves and others. I will help you understand the problems you are facing and find meaning and solutions that work best for you.
(847) 404-8205 View (847) 404-8205
Photo of Carol L Tessler, Psychologist in Morton Grove, IL
Carol L Tessler
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053  (Online Only)
Anxiety, depression and relationship problems are the most frequent complaints of clients seeking counseling. Learning skills to manage symptoms such as panic and anger is where therapy begins. People often have difficult relationships and a strategy for managing them can be very helpful. I respect the values and beliefs of my clients as I help them find solutions to life problems and work toward lasting happiness and stability. My training includes CBT, experiential and psychodynamic therapy, creativity coaching and hypnotherapy.
Anxiety, depression and relationship problems are the most frequent complaints of clients seeking counseling. Learning skills to manage symptoms such as panic and anger is where therapy begins. People often have difficult relationships and a strategy for managing them can be very helpful. I respect the values and beliefs of my clients as I help them find solutions to life problems and work toward lasting happiness and stability. My training includes CBT, experiential and psychodynamic therapy, creativity coaching and hypnotherapy.
(847) 920-4242 View (847) 920-4242
Photo of Alisa Cohen Stein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Morton Grove, IL
Alisa Cohen Stein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053
Not accepting new clients
Human beings' brains are wired for affiliation. Healthy relationships are crucial to our physical and mental health. Neuroscience is only now able to show the positive effects of mutual, evolving social and familial connections to other people. Often, people come to therapy to find out why they feel so stressed, or unfulfilled, or why their relationships are not all they would hope for. Is there an underlying trauma? Is there a genetic component? I believe that most people have their answers, they just need safe spaces where they can explore the issues. I will help you look for solutions from within yourself.
Human beings' brains are wired for affiliation. Healthy relationships are crucial to our physical and mental health. Neuroscience is only now able to show the positive effects of mutual, evolving social and familial connections to other people. Often, people come to therapy to find out why they feel so stressed, or unfulfilled, or why their relationships are not all they would hope for. Is there an underlying trauma? Is there a genetic component? I believe that most people have their answers, they just need safe spaces where they can explore the issues. I will help you look for solutions from within yourself.
(847) 550-3804 View (847) 550-3804
Photo of Dr. Steven Neren, Psychologist in Morton Grove, IL
Dr. Steven Neren
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053
Do you feel unfulfilled, in a rut, anxious, depressed or just frustrated that your not living your life to your full potential? Do you feel dissatisfied with your relationships or with your job or career? Do you feel that there is more to life and that you wish you could get more focused and motivated and have more meaning and purpose in your life? I have helped many people with these types of struggles and challenges and I feel that I can be of help to you as well.
Do you feel unfulfilled, in a rut, anxious, depressed or just frustrated that your not living your life to your full potential? Do you feel dissatisfied with your relationships or with your job or career? Do you feel that there is more to life and that you wish you could get more focused and motivated and have more meaning and purpose in your life? I have helped many people with these types of struggles and challenges and I feel that I can be of help to you as well.
(847) 226-1008 View (847) 226-1008
Photo of Dr. Eleni Malamis, Psychologist in Morton Grove, IL
Dr. Eleni Malamis
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who has devoted my clinical work to assisting adult individuals with a broad spectrum of concerns. I provide warm and caring support to those struggling with life's challenges. Specifically, I enjoy working with individuals in the following areas: depression, anxiety, substance abuse, life transitions, low self-esteem, communication, and relationship concerns.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who has devoted my clinical work to assisting adult individuals with a broad spectrum of concerns. I provide warm and caring support to those struggling with life's challenges. Specifically, I enjoy working with individuals in the following areas: depression, anxiety, substance abuse, life transitions, low self-esteem, communication, and relationship concerns.
(773) 729-1976 View (773) 729-1976
Photo of Melissa H. Pollack, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Morton Grove, IL
Melissa H. Pollack
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, ACSW, MA (Ed)
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053
My name is Melissa Pollack, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 22 years of experience helping people of all ages. My clients presenting issues and challenges vary but include depression, anxiety, social skills, relationship issues, trauma and stress management. My clients describe me as supportive, caring, and real.
My name is Melissa Pollack, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 22 years of experience helping people of all ages. My clients presenting issues and challenges vary but include depression, anxiety, social skills, relationship issues, trauma and stress management. My clients describe me as supportive, caring, and real.
(847) 581-6408 View (847) 581-6408
Photo of Liliana Carrillo, Licensed Professional Counselor in Morton Grove, IL
Liliana Carrillo
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053  (Online Only)
As a Bilingual counselor (English/Spanish), I want to provide support to a diverse population in an environment where individuals are able to communicate their needs and express themselves in their native language. I believe that language opens the door for creating and strengthening relationships. Life can be a rollercoaster of emotions, but that does not mean you have to face the highs and the lows alone.
As a Bilingual counselor (English/Spanish), I want to provide support to a diverse population in an environment where individuals are able to communicate their needs and express themselves in their native language. I believe that language opens the door for creating and strengthening relationships. Life can be a rollercoaster of emotions, but that does not mean you have to face the highs and the lows alone.
(773) 249-9227 View (773) 249-9227
Photo of Analeise Parchen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Morton Grove, IL
Analeise Parchen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! I am Analeise, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker working in the NW side of Chicago where I offer individual and family therapy. I chiefly use Strengths Based, Client-Driven, and Person-Centered therapy. We are the experts on ourselves, even when thinking that conditions inside or outside of us are running the show. We have an innate drive to heal and grow. Therapy is designed to connect us with the truest expression of ourselves, not driven by anxiety or reactivity. It is a relief to know this is possible to access our best self; as a partner, parent, family member, or co-worker.
Hello! I am Analeise, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker working in the NW side of Chicago where I offer individual and family therapy. I chiefly use Strengths Based, Client-Driven, and Person-Centered therapy. We are the experts on ourselves, even when thinking that conditions inside or outside of us are running the show. We have an innate drive to heal and grow. Therapy is designed to connect us with the truest expression of ourselves, not driven by anxiety or reactivity. It is a relief to know this is possible to access our best self; as a partner, parent, family member, or co-worker.
(773) 832-5650 View (773) 832-5650
Photo of Evanston Counseling, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Morton Grove, IL
Evanston Counseling, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Morton Grove, IL 60053
You’ve been carrying the anxiety and pain for far too long. No one really knows what it's like to be you. It feels utterly lonely. But you are at the point, where you want to find hope again and see if there is a chance that it doesn’t have to be this way. You are navigating relationships with your intimate partner and friends, and experiencing difficult lonely feelings about your life, family, health, and career. Whether you have a relationship or are starting a new one, planning a family or maintaining one, struggling at college, battling chronic pain or IBS, or moving into the empty nest syndrome, there is so much to worry about.
You’ve been carrying the anxiety and pain for far too long. No one really knows what it's like to be you. It feels utterly lonely. But you are at the point, where you want to find hope again and see if there is a chance that it doesn’t have to be this way. You are navigating relationships with your intimate partner and friends, and experiencing difficult lonely feelings about your life, family, health, and career. Whether you have a relationship or are starting a new one, planning a family or maintaining one, struggling at college, battling chronic pain or IBS, or moving into the empty nest syndrome, there is so much to worry about.
(847) 440-1345 View (847) 440-1345
Photo of Kelly Amrhein, Psychologist in Morton Grove, IL
Kelly Amrhein
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053  (Online Only)
During these challenging times, we can often feel overwhelmed by the unknown. Your life may not be going in the direction you planned, your relationships may feel more strained, and you may even wonder how you’ll make it through the next day. It may be time to take care of yourself by working with a therapist to help you find new ways to navigate these challenges and thrive.
During these challenging times, we can often feel overwhelmed by the unknown. Your life may not be going in the direction you planned, your relationships may feel more strained, and you may even wonder how you’ll make it through the next day. It may be time to take care of yourself by working with a therapist to help you find new ways to navigate these challenges and thrive.
(224) 435-4370 View (224) 435-4370
Photo of Malarie Marquez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Morton Grove, IL
Malarie Marquez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Morton Grove, IL 60053  (Online Only)
Do you ever feel misunderstood? Do you long for a safe, inclusive space where you can freely express your vulnerabilities and emotions freely, without the fear of judgment? Have you outgrown a past version of yourself that your family and friends are unwilling to let go of and want to learn ways to cope with it? My name is Malarie Marquez and I am a Nationally Certified and Licensed Professional Counselor. I am particularly experienced in helping clients with identity development, developing healthy relationships, complicated grief, intimate relationship trauma, navigating college and education and perinatal mental healthcare.
Do you ever feel misunderstood? Do you long for a safe, inclusive space where you can freely express your vulnerabilities and emotions freely, without the fear of judgment? Have you outgrown a past version of yourself that your family and friends are unwilling to let go of and want to learn ways to cope with it? My name is Malarie Marquez and I am a Nationally Certified and Licensed Professional Counselor. I am particularly experienced in helping clients with identity development, developing healthy relationships, complicated grief, intimate relationship trauma, navigating college and education and perinatal mental healthcare.
(312) 525-3028 View (312) 525-3028
Photo of Bridgid O’Connell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Morton Grove, IL
Bridgid O’Connell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Morton Grove, IL 60053
I emphasize diversity, creativity, and inclusion in my practice. I recognize the effects of the larger societal and cultural environment in which identity and relationships around sexual orientation and class are shaped. It is my goal to promote the process of healing by creating a safe and affirming space for clients to cultivate an understanding within themselves that can help unveil the deeper meaning their struggle is pointing towards.
I emphasize diversity, creativity, and inclusion in my practice. I recognize the effects of the larger societal and cultural environment in which identity and relationships around sexual orientation and class are shaped. It is my goal to promote the process of healing by creating a safe and affirming space for clients to cultivate an understanding within themselves that can help unveil the deeper meaning their struggle is pointing towards.
(872) 213-7086 View (872) 213-7086

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Julie Friedman, Psychologist in Morton Grove, IL
Julie Friedman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Skokie, IL 60076
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who specializes in the treatment of Binge Eating Disorder, Bulimia Nervosa, Night Eating Syndrome, Traumatic Stress, PTSD, and Borderline Personality Disorder. I am particularly interested in the relationship between traumatic stress and eating pathology as well as trauma and sleep. I also specialize in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, DBT PE, Exposure and Response Prevention, Cognitive Processing Therapy, Written Exposure Therapy, Prolonged Exposure, and EMDR. I am an Assistant Professor at the Northwestern University Medical School in the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who specializes in the treatment of Binge Eating Disorder, Bulimia Nervosa, Night Eating Syndrome, Traumatic Stress, PTSD, and Borderline Personality Disorder. I am particularly interested in the relationship between traumatic stress and eating pathology as well as trauma and sleep. I also specialize in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, DBT PE, Exposure and Response Prevention, Cognitive Processing Therapy, Written Exposure Therapy, Prolonged Exposure, and EMDR. I am an Assistant Professor at the Northwestern University Medical School in the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences.
(312) 625-1619 View (312) 625-1619
Photo of Sayeeda Kausar in Morton Grove, IL
Sayeeda Kausar
MSW, LSW, CADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Niles, IL 60714
Finding the right therapist can feel overwhelming. I'm here for you. I believe in a collaborative approach to treatment where there is a sense of mutual respect, empathy, self-exploration, and empowerment. I work with you to build an authentic, honest, and transparent connection. I also value a culturally sensitive and relational approach that fosters a safe, non-judgmental, trusting, warm and supportive space where you can be vulnerable, feel heard, feel seen, and feel accepted being your true authentic self.
Finding the right therapist can feel overwhelming. I'm here for you. I believe in a collaborative approach to treatment where there is a sense of mutual respect, empathy, self-exploration, and empowerment. I work with you to build an authentic, honest, and transparent connection. I also value a culturally sensitive and relational approach that fosters a safe, non-judgmental, trusting, warm and supportive space where you can be vulnerable, feel heard, feel seen, and feel accepted being your true authentic self.
(224) 723-5772 View (224) 723-5772

See more therapy options for Morton Grove

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Morton Grove, IL

10+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Morton Grove, IL who prioritize treating:

94% Depression
94% Anxiety
89% Relationship Issues
89% Stress
78% Grief
78% Self Esteem
78% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

88% BlueCross and BlueShield
63% Aetna
50% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Morton Grove, IL see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

94% Female
6% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Morton Grove?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.