Therapists in Jacksonville, FL

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Photo of Transformation Counseling Services, LLC, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Transformation Counseling Services, LLC
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32256
Transformation Counseling Services, LLC is a private counseling practice that provides affordable and confidential services to individuals, couples, and families. We understand that life can be difficult and challenging at times. We are here to assist you in making positive changes so that you can enjoy life again. Our therapists have experience working with a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD, relationship difficulties, and family conflict. We offer a supportive environment where you can feel safe to explore your thoughts and feelings.
Transformation Counseling Services, LLC is a private counseling practice that provides affordable and confidential services to individuals, couples, and families. We understand that life can be difficult and challenging at times. We are here to assist you in making positive changes so that you can enjoy life again. Our therapists have experience working with a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD, relationship difficulties, and family conflict. We offer a supportive environment where you can feel safe to explore your thoughts and feelings.
(904) 531-0648 x904776 View (904) 531-0648 x904776
Photo of Tamara Sorrye, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Tamara Sorrye
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32218
Not accepting new clients
As a Licensed Mental Health Counselor practicing in North Jacksonville, it is my desire to provide a safe space for you to heal. We can stay on the surface or go deep to the core of what's contributing to what you see as life's difficulties. I am committed to providing a collaborative approach through promoting autonomy and self-efficacy. My counseling experience extends to a variety of individuals which include children, teens, young adults, geriatric, juvenile delinquents, and individuals with terminal illness such as cancer.
As a Licensed Mental Health Counselor practicing in North Jacksonville, it is my desire to provide a safe space for you to heal. We can stay on the surface or go deep to the core of what's contributing to what you see as life's difficulties. I am committed to providing a collaborative approach through promoting autonomy and self-efficacy. My counseling experience extends to a variety of individuals which include children, teens, young adults, geriatric, juvenile delinquents, and individuals with terminal illness such as cancer.
(904) 747-3825 View (904) 747-3825
Photo of Dulce Vida Counseling LLC , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Dulce Vida Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32216  (Online Only)
Welcome to your safe space. I specialize in helping those struggling with anxiety, stress, work-life issues, and relationships. Together we will work on your goals for therapy, create a plan that fits your life, and identify better ways to cope. I adapt my counseling method to you and your specific needs. My goal as a therapist is to provide a collaborative, safe, and non-judgmental space where I can help you on your journey to improve the quality of your life. I hope to do this with encouragement, understanding, and compassion.
Welcome to your safe space. I specialize in helping those struggling with anxiety, stress, work-life issues, and relationships. Together we will work on your goals for therapy, create a plan that fits your life, and identify better ways to cope. I adapt my counseling method to you and your specific needs. My goal as a therapist is to provide a collaborative, safe, and non-judgmental space where I can help you on your journey to improve the quality of your life. I hope to do this with encouragement, understanding, and compassion.
(904) 877-8314 View (904) 877-8314
Photo of Aeron DeGroat, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Aeron DeGroat
Counselor, MA, LMHC, MCAP
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32246
My ideal client may present with a variety of issues, but ultimately they are motivated to seek change and implement strategies discussed in therapy while in-between sessions. They strive to be open and vulnerable in sessions and are looking to be an active and collaborative part of their therapeutic journey. I believe that we are all experts on our own experience, and a client who is willing to provide feedback on what is working and what isn't can assist in helping them tailor the therapy experience to their individual needs.
My ideal client may present with a variety of issues, but ultimately they are motivated to seek change and implement strategies discussed in therapy while in-between sessions. They strive to be open and vulnerable in sessions and are looking to be an active and collaborative part of their therapeutic journey. I believe that we are all experts on our own experience, and a client who is willing to provide feedback on what is working and what isn't can assist in helping them tailor the therapy experience to their individual needs.
(561) 794-3438 View (561) 794-3438
Photo of Jennifer Sagle, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Jennifer Sagle
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32244  (Online Only)
Hi! I’m Jennifer. Do you feel overwhelmed and exhausted at times from the demands in your life? Are you finding it hard to have a healthy work/life balance? Do you struggle to enforce boundaries? If you just asked yourself what are boundaries, please come see me! I have helped thousands of individuals just like yourself reduce and manage their anxiety to find a better way of living. Together, we will identify what wasn’t working for you and develop goals which will get you to a better you!
Hi! I’m Jennifer. Do you feel overwhelmed and exhausted at times from the demands in your life? Are you finding it hard to have a healthy work/life balance? Do you struggle to enforce boundaries? If you just asked yourself what are boundaries, please come see me! I have helped thousands of individuals just like yourself reduce and manage their anxiety to find a better way of living. Together, we will identify what wasn’t working for you and develop goals which will get you to a better you!
(904) 853-3417 View (904) 853-3417
Photo of Avonlea Veilleux, Registered Clinical Social Worker Intern in Jacksonville, FL
Avonlea Veilleux
Registered Clinical Social Worker Intern, RCSWI, ESMHL
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32256
Daily avoidance, endless phone scrolling, and chronic anxiety can leave anyone feeling disconnected and frustrated. Together we can explore the root of these challenges and develop coping skills, resilience, and a deepened understanding of self. I tailor my approach to folks unique goals and don't believe in a one-size-fits-all treatment.
Daily avoidance, endless phone scrolling, and chronic anxiety can leave anyone feeling disconnected and frustrated. Together we can explore the root of these challenges and develop coping skills, resilience, and a deepened understanding of self. I tailor my approach to folks unique goals and don't believe in a one-size-fits-all treatment.
(904) 977-2626 View (904) 977-2626
Photo of Floribeth Arrautt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Floribeth Arrautt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32207
Thanks for being brave to seek help to overcome challenges and make you more resilient. My name is Floribeth Arrautt, MSW, LCSW, a bilingual licensed clinical social worker with 17 years of experience providing psychotherapy to the elderly, adults, young teens, and children with chronic medical issues and challenges. My client population & specialty focus on providing the psychological tools and interventions that my patients need when dealing with anxiety, stress, depression, chronic medical issues, loss & grief, obesity, emotional eating behaviors. I help my clients to build coping skills to feel better and to overcome obstacles.
Thanks for being brave to seek help to overcome challenges and make you more resilient. My name is Floribeth Arrautt, MSW, LCSW, a bilingual licensed clinical social worker with 17 years of experience providing psychotherapy to the elderly, adults, young teens, and children with chronic medical issues and challenges. My client population & specialty focus on providing the psychological tools and interventions that my patients need when dealing with anxiety, stress, depression, chronic medical issues, loss & grief, obesity, emotional eating behaviors. I help my clients to build coping skills to feel better and to overcome obstacles.
(904) 560-5894 View (904) 560-5894
Photo of Stacia McCahan, Pre-Licensed Professional in Jacksonville, FL
Stacia McCahan
Pre-Licensed Professional, RMHCI
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32223
I enjoy working with adolescents and adults who are experiencing concerns with, but not limited to, disordered eating, eating disorders, and body image concerns; anxiety; depression; self-esteem; critical self-talk; relationships, including with family; and interpersonal communication. I am grateful for the opportunity to join individuals, couples, and families on their journeys toward understanding, growth, freedom and empowerment.
I enjoy working with adolescents and adults who are experiencing concerns with, but not limited to, disordered eating, eating disorders, and body image concerns; anxiety; depression; self-esteem; critical self-talk; relationships, including with family; and interpersonal communication. I am grateful for the opportunity to join individuals, couples, and families on their journeys toward understanding, growth, freedom and empowerment.
(904) 799-7949 View (904) 799-7949
Photo of Lauren Renee Cunningwood, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Lauren Renee Cunningwood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, QS
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32256
Waitlist for new clients
Visit GreenhouseTherapyServices.com for scheduling and waitlist. I’m here to support your desire for personal growth, healing, and self-discovery. I'm interested in working with concerns such as anxiety, depression, stress, grief, and trauma. I also have a special passion for working with folks “outside the norm”. I’m LGBTQI+ friendly, neurodivergent affirming, and supportive of non-traditional family structures (ethical non-monogamy, queer, platonic life partnerships, etc.). You will find me to be warm, non-judgmental, and realistic. I am a Qualified Supervisor offering clinical supervision for clinical social worker interns.
Visit GreenhouseTherapyServices.com for scheduling and waitlist. I’m here to support your desire for personal growth, healing, and self-discovery. I'm interested in working with concerns such as anxiety, depression, stress, grief, and trauma. I also have a special passion for working with folks “outside the norm”. I’m LGBTQI+ friendly, neurodivergent affirming, and supportive of non-traditional family structures (ethical non-monogamy, queer, platonic life partnerships, etc.). You will find me to be warm, non-judgmental, and realistic. I am a Qualified Supervisor offering clinical supervision for clinical social worker interns.
(904) 842-4400 View (904) 842-4400
Photo of Tyler Olsen, Licensed Professional Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Tyler Olsen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32259  (Online Only)
My passion is people. I committed myself to help client’s reach their full potential by addressing issues that seem insurmountable and irreversible. Whether that's in your relationship or in your personal life, I am here to help. I look forward to walking alongside you in working through the issues that seem overwhelming. My desire is to offer and share hope, and through this process, provide the opportunity and atmosphere to allow you and your loved ones to live a life not yet lived.
My passion is people. I committed myself to help client’s reach their full potential by addressing issues that seem insurmountable and irreversible. Whether that's in your relationship or in your personal life, I am here to help. I look forward to walking alongside you in working through the issues that seem overwhelming. My desire is to offer and share hope, and through this process, provide the opportunity and atmosphere to allow you and your loved ones to live a life not yet lived.
(904) 822-0720 View (904) 822-0720
Photo of Dr. Lisa-Mae S. Armbrust, Psychologist in Jacksonville, FL
Dr. Lisa-Mae S. Armbrust
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32216
I am a clinical psychologist specializing in psychoeducational testing and psychotherapy. My professional life has been spent working with children and families to overcome various obstacles to their personal or academic accomplishments. After graduating from Johns Hopkins University with my Bachelor of Arts degree, I received both my Masters and Doctorate in Psychology from New York University. I have worked with children, adolescents and families in various hospital, school and outpatient clinic settings. Certifications: ADHD - Certified Clinical Service Provider; and Certified Child Adolescent Trauma Professional (CATP)
I am a clinical psychologist specializing in psychoeducational testing and psychotherapy. My professional life has been spent working with children and families to overcome various obstacles to their personal or academic accomplishments. After graduating from Johns Hopkins University with my Bachelor of Arts degree, I received both my Masters and Doctorate in Psychology from New York University. I have worked with children, adolescents and families in various hospital, school and outpatient clinic settings. Certifications: ADHD - Certified Clinical Service Provider; and Certified Child Adolescent Trauma Professional (CATP)
(904) 584-3486 View (904) 584-3486
Photo of Amanda Ranney, Pre-Licensed Professional in Jacksonville, FL
Amanda Ranney
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32207
Not accepting new clients
Areas of specialty include: individual counseling & sport psychology mental coaching with adolescents, college students, student athletes, emerging adults, eating disorders/body image, anxiety, normal developmental adjustment, identity development, trauma, grief, and phase of life transitions. I also value educational and outreach opportunities. I work best with individuals who are motivated, willing to open up, and seeking to better understand themselves psychologically and physiologically. I uphold a holistic outlook, honor both mental + physical wellness, and focus on the person behind the problem.
Areas of specialty include: individual counseling & sport psychology mental coaching with adolescents, college students, student athletes, emerging adults, eating disorders/body image, anxiety, normal developmental adjustment, identity development, trauma, grief, and phase of life transitions. I also value educational and outreach opportunities. I work best with individuals who are motivated, willing to open up, and seeking to better understand themselves psychologically and physiologically. I uphold a holistic outlook, honor both mental + physical wellness, and focus on the person behind the problem.
(904) 395-4827 View (904) 395-4827
Photo of A+ Supportive Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
A+ Supportive Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, EdS, LCSW, CSAM, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32223  (Online Only)
Change your thoughts and you change your world were words of wisdom spoken so eloquently by Norman Vincent Peale. I believe our thoughts, the manner in which we process our surroundings, have great impact on our emotions and are the root of our actions. I believe awareness of our thoughts and how we choose to process them can change the trajectory of our outcomes. I have experience working with women before, during, and after pregnancy, and working with patients with new and/or chronic medical diagnoses. I also have experience working with foster care, adoptions, birth mothers, and potential adoptive parents.
Change your thoughts and you change your world were words of wisdom spoken so eloquently by Norman Vincent Peale. I believe our thoughts, the manner in which we process our surroundings, have great impact on our emotions and are the root of our actions. I believe awareness of our thoughts and how we choose to process them can change the trajectory of our outcomes. I have experience working with women before, during, and after pregnancy, and working with patients with new and/or chronic medical diagnoses. I also have experience working with foster care, adoptions, birth mothers, and potential adoptive parents.
(904) 606-1189 View (904) 606-1189
Photo of Kimberly Marie Gydish-Theobald, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Kimberly Marie Gydish-Theobald
Counselor, MEd, LMHC, CAP
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32223
It would be a privilege to assist you on your journey of self-discovery. I am an eclectic therapist which means your experience will be tailored to suit your specific needs. I utilize several therapeutic modalities including but not limited to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, Client-Centered and Solution Focused.
It would be a privilege to assist you on your journey of self-discovery. I am an eclectic therapist which means your experience will be tailored to suit your specific needs. I utilize several therapeutic modalities including but not limited to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, Client-Centered and Solution Focused.
(904) 875-8336 View (904) 875-8336
Photo of Tina Gillems, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Tina Gillems
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32218  (Online Only)
I have over 17 years of experience with Children and Families, Adults and children within the community, child welfare, individual and family therapy, case management and medical social work. I have worked within the Juvenile and adult justice system, LGBTQ population and their families, children and adults with mental health, children and adults that have aged out of foster care, and others in the community. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, domestic violence, and many more.
I have over 17 years of experience with Children and Families, Adults and children within the community, child welfare, individual and family therapy, case management and medical social work. I have worked within the Juvenile and adult justice system, LGBTQ population and their families, children and adults with mental health, children and adults that have aged out of foster care, and others in the community. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, domestic violence, and many more.
(904) 467-1249 View (904) 467-1249
Photo of Sheila McMahon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Sheila McMahon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MDiv, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32204  (Online Only)
It takes courage to face life's challenges. Do you want to face what's challenging you but aren't sure what to do? Whether you are experiencing feelings of depression, anxiety, or coping with trauma, I welcome the opportunity to work with you to transform challenges into opportunities.
It takes courage to face life's challenges. Do you want to face what's challenging you but aren't sure what to do? Whether you are experiencing feelings of depression, anxiety, or coping with trauma, I welcome the opportunity to work with you to transform challenges into opportunities.
(305) 493-8547 View (305) 493-8547
Photo of Erin E. Brown, Marriage & Family Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Erin E. Brown
Marriage & Family Therapist, EdS, LMFT, LMHC, QS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32257
Are you ready to come in to do the therapeutic work to take charge of your life? Are you ready to learn to trust yourself and others again? I continually strive to help clients feel empowered to reach their goals while feeling non-judgmentally supported by me. I am person-centered in that I consider the client as the expert on their lives while I am the expert on techniques that reconnect the client with themselves. I am also systems oriented in that I help examine the systems within the client, the client's relationships, and the client's community in order to create change on multiple levels in the client's life.
Are you ready to come in to do the therapeutic work to take charge of your life? Are you ready to learn to trust yourself and others again? I continually strive to help clients feel empowered to reach their goals while feeling non-judgmentally supported by me. I am person-centered in that I consider the client as the expert on their lives while I am the expert on techniques that reconnect the client with themselves. I am also systems oriented in that I help examine the systems within the client, the client's relationships, and the client's community in order to create change on multiple levels in the client's life.
(352) 559-9291 x105 View (352) 559-9291 x105
Photo of Jan Gallagher, LMHC, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Jan Gallagher, LMHC
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32207
After over thirty years in practice, my most studied specialty is in relationship counseling. Loving feelings can grow when couples make a commitment of just 4 to 6 sessions. I teach enhanced communication skills and a conflict resolution model to help you talk out an issue all the way to a solution. I can help you move past the anger and towards a deeper connection. Some couples disagree over personality traits or gender differences? I increase your understanding of these differences so you can let go of those negative feelings. And I will help you change patterns of behavior that disrupt your present relationship.
After over thirty years in practice, my most studied specialty is in relationship counseling. Loving feelings can grow when couples make a commitment of just 4 to 6 sessions. I teach enhanced communication skills and a conflict resolution model to help you talk out an issue all the way to a solution. I can help you move past the anger and towards a deeper connection. Some couples disagree over personality traits or gender differences? I increase your understanding of these differences so you can let go of those negative feelings. And I will help you change patterns of behavior that disrupt your present relationship.
(904) 329-7976 View (904) 329-7976
Photo of Hallie Kritsas, Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Hallie Kritsas
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32210
Hallie is a Licensed Therapist in the state of Florida and operates from a strengths-based approach, utilizing cognitive behavioral therapy, solution-focused therapy, and motivational interviewing, amongst other evidence-based practices. She specializes in treating anxiety, depression, adjustment disorders, coping with life changes, and individuals with relationship issues. Hallie believes each person has their own unique story and she looks forward to hearing yours and working together!
Hallie is a Licensed Therapist in the state of Florida and operates from a strengths-based approach, utilizing cognitive behavioral therapy, solution-focused therapy, and motivational interviewing, amongst other evidence-based practices. She specializes in treating anxiety, depression, adjustment disorders, coping with life changes, and individuals with relationship issues. Hallie believes each person has their own unique story and she looks forward to hearing yours and working together!
(904) 364-1941 View (904) 364-1941
Photo of Kristen Smith Williams, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Jacksonville, FL
Kristen Smith Williams
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MA, RMFTI
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32217
Welcome and let the healing begin! Kristen Smith Williams is a driven leader in the counseling profession with 15 years of experience in addiction therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and couples counseling. Raised with the core values of making a difference in her community, Kristen has become an impactful therapist that is committed to change. Kristen believes every person deserves a chance to change, including YOU!
Welcome and let the healing begin! Kristen Smith Williams is a driven leader in the counseling profession with 15 years of experience in addiction therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and couples counseling. Raised with the core values of making a difference in her community, Kristen has become an impactful therapist that is committed to change. Kristen believes every person deserves a chance to change, including YOU!
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Jacksonville, FL

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Jacksonville, FL who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
76% Self Esteem
75% Coping Skills
68% Trauma and PTSD
67% Relationship Issues
67% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% Aetna
83% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
79% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Jacksonville, FL see their clients

58% In Person and Online
42% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Jacksonville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.