Therapists in Phoenix, AZ

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Photo of Lydia Tesfay, Pre-Licensed Professional in Phoenix, AZ
Lydia Tesfay
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85044
Not accepting new clients
I am a Doctoral Practicum Student Clinician pursuing a doctoral degree in Clinical Psychology (PsyD). I have worked in the mental health sector for over ten years serving children, adolescents, and adults.
I am a Doctoral Practicum Student Clinician pursuing a doctoral degree in Clinical Psychology (PsyD). I have worked in the mental health sector for over ten years serving children, adolescents, and adults.
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Photo of Intercessory Counseling & Wellness, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Intercessory Counseling & Wellness, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAPC, LISAC, LPC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85029
Our practice is a communion of science and faith: the latest evidence-based psychotherapy modalities combined with ancient and medieval philosophy. we rely on the work of Greek and Roman thinkers, as well as Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, Ignatius of Loyola, and others. If you are willing to put in the work, we will maximize your time to help you become more authentically YOU. No matter what you're going through, there are some things that can always help. Breathing. Grounding work. Positive self-talk. When we meet we would tailor a treatment program to meet your needs. Appointments are available days, evenings, and Saturdays.
Our practice is a communion of science and faith: the latest evidence-based psychotherapy modalities combined with ancient and medieval philosophy. we rely on the work of Greek and Roman thinkers, as well as Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, Ignatius of Loyola, and others. If you are willing to put in the work, we will maximize your time to help you become more authentically YOU. No matter what you're going through, there are some things that can always help. Breathing. Grounding work. Positive self-talk. When we meet we would tailor a treatment program to meet your needs. Appointments are available days, evenings, and Saturdays.
(602) 786-7283 View (602) 786-7283
Photo of K T Moore, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
K T Moore
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ATR
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85016
My name is KT Moore and my pronouns are they/them. As a Black and genderqueer individual, I am passionate about working with clients who are multicultural and who are members of the LGBTQAAI2S+ community through an intersectionality lens. I find joy in helping clients explore their gender, racial and/or sexuality identities, and process trauma through use of creative self-expression, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Strengths-Based Therapy, Narrative Therapy, and Mindfulness. I help clients build healthy coping skills, find their strengths, narrate their own stories, and develop healthy thought patterns.
My name is KT Moore and my pronouns are they/them. As a Black and genderqueer individual, I am passionate about working with clients who are multicultural and who are members of the LGBTQAAI2S+ community through an intersectionality lens. I find joy in helping clients explore their gender, racial and/or sexuality identities, and process trauma through use of creative self-expression, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Strengths-Based Therapy, Narrative Therapy, and Mindfulness. I help clients build healthy coping skills, find their strengths, narrate their own stories, and develop healthy thought patterns.
(480) 685-9072 View (480) 685-9072
Photo of Shelley A Treadaway - Life In Motion Therapy, Associate Marriage & Family Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Shelley A Treadaway - Life In Motion Therapy
Associate Marriage & Family Therapist, LAMFT, 08023T
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85016
My passion is to help individuals struggling with emotional and mental health concerns find balance and peace in their lives. I believe in creating a safe, non-judgmental and supportive environment where my clients can feel heard and understood. My ideal clients are individual, couples, and families ready to facilitate positive change in their lives. They may be experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship issues, life transitions, or feelings of overwhelm and stress. My clients are willing to explore their thoughts and emotions in a deep and meaningful way and are open to make positive changes in their lives.
My passion is to help individuals struggling with emotional and mental health concerns find balance and peace in their lives. I believe in creating a safe, non-judgmental and supportive environment where my clients can feel heard and understood. My ideal clients are individual, couples, and families ready to facilitate positive change in their lives. They may be experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship issues, life transitions, or feelings of overwhelm and stress. My clients are willing to explore their thoughts and emotions in a deep and meaningful way and are open to make positive changes in their lives.
(623) 294-6774 View (623) 294-6774
Photo of Joalene Whitmer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Joalene Whitmer
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85022
Life can be disrupted by anxiety, depression, traumatic experiences, relationship issues, OCD, and trouble sleeping. Clients need new skills to deal with these issues and feel better about themselves and their ability to handle life. Their goals would be to deal with past traumas, learn coping skills to deal with anxiety and depression,learn skills to interact more effectively with others as well as getting better sleep.
Life can be disrupted by anxiety, depression, traumatic experiences, relationship issues, OCD, and trouble sleeping. Clients need new skills to deal with these issues and feel better about themselves and their ability to handle life. Their goals would be to deal with past traumas, learn coping skills to deal with anxiety and depression,learn skills to interact more effectively with others as well as getting better sleep.
(602) 833-0010 View (602) 833-0010
Photo of Jessica Shetzen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Jessica Shetzen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85012  (Online Only)
Has anxiety left you feeling stuck? Do you worry about things that are out of your control? I am passionate about working with women who struggle with anxiety, depression and bipolar disorders. I enjoy connecting with others and talking them through the ups and downs of life's everyday stressors, as well as drawing connections between past and present experiences. I am a "realist" in that I act like myself in sessions, not like the stuffy armchair psychotherapist you might imagine from movies.
Has anxiety left you feeling stuck? Do you worry about things that are out of your control? I am passionate about working with women who struggle with anxiety, depression and bipolar disorders. I enjoy connecting with others and talking them through the ups and downs of life's everyday stressors, as well as drawing connections between past and present experiences. I am a "realist" in that I act like myself in sessions, not like the stuffy armchair psychotherapist you might imagine from movies.
(623) 253-7792 View (623) 253-7792
Photo of Douglas E Brown, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Douglas E Brown
Counselor, MSAC, MSPC, LPC, LISAC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85018
If you are struggling with low self esteem, anxiety or depression, substance abuse or addiction and unable to cope with everyday life issues, I have the skills and experience to help you learn and grow exponentially. My clients are those who struggle in relationships, find themselves isolating, have trouble at work, legal issues, gambling, codependency, and even with life in general. You may benefit from learning how to communicate more effectively, being more authentic and genuine, building a solid support system, doing things you enjoy again and learning how to ask for help. Take a step and find your HAPPINESS!
If you are struggling with low self esteem, anxiety or depression, substance abuse or addiction and unable to cope with everyday life issues, I have the skills and experience to help you learn and grow exponentially. My clients are those who struggle in relationships, find themselves isolating, have trouble at work, legal issues, gambling, codependency, and even with life in general. You may benefit from learning how to communicate more effectively, being more authentic and genuine, building a solid support system, doing things you enjoy again and learning how to ask for help. Take a step and find your HAPPINESS!
(602) 598-5994 View (602) 598-5994
Photo of Cj Bergmen, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Cj Bergmen
Counselor, MA, LAC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85018
I am deeply committed to providing a compassionate, empowering, and authentic presence to each of my clients. My approach is grounded in the understanding that every person's journey is unique, and it is a privilege to walk with my clients as they navigate the complexities of their lives. With a Master’s Degree in Clinical Mental Health from the Townsend Institute at Concordia University and 20 years of experience in pastoral ministry, I bring a rich blend of academic knowledge and real-world experience to my practice.
I am deeply committed to providing a compassionate, empowering, and authentic presence to each of my clients. My approach is grounded in the understanding that every person's journey is unique, and it is a privilege to walk with my clients as they navigate the complexities of their lives. With a Master’s Degree in Clinical Mental Health from the Townsend Institute at Concordia University and 20 years of experience in pastoral ministry, I bring a rich blend of academic knowledge and real-world experience to my practice.
(480) 744-0941 View (480) 744-0941
Photo of Dr. Astrid Margot Heathcote, Psychologist in Phoenix, AZ
Dr. Astrid Margot Heathcote
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85044  (Online Only)
I provide telehealth across many of the states in the U.S, Europe, and across the Globe, wherever and whenever you need my support, I will be there! I am a clinical psychologist and an expert consultant with years of evidence-based training and experience. Anxiety, Depression and ADHD are often undiagnosed and can make your life miserable. I am here to help you instantly identify your needs and provide solutions that work. I am also a trauma specialist and can help you deal with your past, for your best life NOW. Whether you need a booster "checkup from the neckup" or more intensive focus, I am your portable psychologist.
I provide telehealth across many of the states in the U.S, Europe, and across the Globe, wherever and whenever you need my support, I will be there! I am a clinical psychologist and an expert consultant with years of evidence-based training and experience. Anxiety, Depression and ADHD are often undiagnosed and can make your life miserable. I am here to help you instantly identify your needs and provide solutions that work. I am also a trauma specialist and can help you deal with your past, for your best life NOW. Whether you need a booster "checkup from the neckup" or more intensive focus, I am your portable psychologist.
(520) 412-2965 View (520) 412-2965
Photo of Caleb Mitchell, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Caleb Mitchell
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85004
You may have landed on this professional profile because you are taking stock of your life and realize that the life you have is not the one you envisioned for yourself. Whether you are bored or in a lot of pain, you may be seeking growth and change, possibly a sense of aliveness. Counseling can be a safe, nurturing setting to slow down and listen to your soul and your body. As you become aware of yourself, you begin to understand how you got to where you are, why you do what you do, and what new paths are possible to you. As a trained therapist from a relational-psychodynamic perspective, I see therapy as a collaborative process.
You may have landed on this professional profile because you are taking stock of your life and realize that the life you have is not the one you envisioned for yourself. Whether you are bored or in a lot of pain, you may be seeking growth and change, possibly a sense of aliveness. Counseling can be a safe, nurturing setting to slow down and listen to your soul and your body. As you become aware of yourself, you begin to understand how you got to where you are, why you do what you do, and what new paths are possible to you. As a trained therapist from a relational-psychodynamic perspective, I see therapy as a collaborative process.
(623) 257-7493 View (623) 257-7493
Photo of Arcadia Neuropsychology, Psychologist in Phoenix, AZ
Arcadia Neuropsychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85018
I primarily provide neuropsychological testing and evaluation services for individuals suffering from various cognitive difficulties.
I primarily provide neuropsychological testing and evaluation services for individuals suffering from various cognitive difficulties.
(602) 962-3631 View (602) 962-3631
Photo of Morgan Musick, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Morgan Musick
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85016
Hi! My name is Morgan, I hold a Master's of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Grand Canyon University, am a Licensed Associate Counselor (LAC) and a certified Sex-Offender Treatment provider for both adult and juvenile populations. I strive to empower clients to progress towards their goals, and am passionate about providing client-centered care tailored to the needs of the individual while cultivating a safe therapeutic environment. While I love serving a wide variety of populations. As a queer individual, I am very passionate about serving the LGBTQ+ community and addressing LGBTQ+ issues in therapy.
Hi! My name is Morgan, I hold a Master's of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Grand Canyon University, am a Licensed Associate Counselor (LAC) and a certified Sex-Offender Treatment provider for both adult and juvenile populations. I strive to empower clients to progress towards their goals, and am passionate about providing client-centered care tailored to the needs of the individual while cultivating a safe therapeutic environment. While I love serving a wide variety of populations. As a queer individual, I am very passionate about serving the LGBTQ+ community and addressing LGBTQ+ issues in therapy.
(602) 962-7539 View (602) 962-7539
Photo of Abriana W., Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Abriana W.
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85086
Accepting new clients. I prioritize a strong therapeutic alliance, placing you at the heart of our work. My approach is client-centered, fostering empathy, warmth, and gentle challenges. I am trained in EMDR (Eye Movement desensitization and reprocessing), and utilize CBT and Psychodynamic methods to encourage positive change, develop coping skills, process unresolved emotions, and gain a sense of empowerment. Together, we'll navigate challenges, promote insight, and empower you to embrace meaningful transformation by exploring the interplay between your past experiences, current patterns, and future aspirations.
Accepting new clients. I prioritize a strong therapeutic alliance, placing you at the heart of our work. My approach is client-centered, fostering empathy, warmth, and gentle challenges. I am trained in EMDR (Eye Movement desensitization and reprocessing), and utilize CBT and Psychodynamic methods to encourage positive change, develop coping skills, process unresolved emotions, and gain a sense of empowerment. Together, we'll navigate challenges, promote insight, and empower you to embrace meaningful transformation by exploring the interplay between your past experiences, current patterns, and future aspirations.
(928) 272-3634 View (928) 272-3634
Photo of Allison Wilson, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Allison Wilson
Counselor, MAC, LAC, CCTP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85044
Is there a time in your life when you've felt alone, betrayed, unhappy or lost? Difficulties often leave us feeling helpless, isolated, and overwhelmed. As we unpack the trauma, anger, pain, and loss, you will learn tools for living authentically, transforming the way you connect, and experience healing and growth. On this journey of emotional healing and recovery I love seeing the progression one experiences as they show up and commit to working through life’s difficulties. We will walk down this path together, at your pace, implementing various techniques and tools that work best for you.
Is there a time in your life when you've felt alone, betrayed, unhappy or lost? Difficulties often leave us feeling helpless, isolated, and overwhelmed. As we unpack the trauma, anger, pain, and loss, you will learn tools for living authentically, transforming the way you connect, and experience healing and growth. On this journey of emotional healing and recovery I love seeing the progression one experiences as they show up and commit to working through life’s difficulties. We will walk down this path together, at your pace, implementing various techniques and tools that work best for you.
(928) 267-0966 View (928) 267-0966
Photo of Judith McHale, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Judith McHale
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85018
The relationship between therapist and client is unique. Time spent together is purposefully structured to support that uniqueness and establish a framework and rhythm for working. Our work together will be centered in a spirit of safety, dignity, and respect at all times for your goals and needs.
The relationship between therapist and client is unique. Time spent together is purposefully structured to support that uniqueness and establish a framework and rhythm for working. Our work together will be centered in a spirit of safety, dignity, and respect at all times for your goals and needs.
(602) 540-9963 View (602) 540-9963
Photo of SpaTherapy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
SpaTherapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85042
Not accepting new clients
Hello, my name is Jamila Johnson, MA, LPC, NCC. I am an independently licensed clinical therapist with SpaTherapy. As a cognitive-behavioral therapist, I provide comprehensive counseling, diagnosis and treatment for mood and personality disorders, anxiety and trauma, substance abuse and life coaching, career counseling and life skills for adults. I also work with individuals in need of parenting, domestic violence, anger management, and self-esteem counseling.
Hello, my name is Jamila Johnson, MA, LPC, NCC. I am an independently licensed clinical therapist with SpaTherapy. As a cognitive-behavioral therapist, I provide comprehensive counseling, diagnosis and treatment for mood and personality disorders, anxiety and trauma, substance abuse and life coaching, career counseling and life skills for adults. I also work with individuals in need of parenting, domestic violence, anger management, and self-esteem counseling.
(623) 292-3676 View (623) 292-3676
Photo of Karen Elizabeth Soza, Marriage & Family Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Karen Elizabeth Soza
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85014  (Online Only)
As an LMFT, I am passionate about working with a wide range of backgrounds and needs. I enjoy working with children, adolescents, young adults and adults, couples and families. I am Bilingual (Spanish/English) and specialize in Trauma focused therapy and believe that understanding our family dynamics and transgenerational experiences will result in the ability to heal and grow.
As an LMFT, I am passionate about working with a wide range of backgrounds and needs. I enjoy working with children, adolescents, young adults and adults, couples and families. I am Bilingual (Spanish/English) and specialize in Trauma focused therapy and believe that understanding our family dynamics and transgenerational experiences will result in the ability to heal and grow.
(480) 386-9897 View (480) 386-9897
Photo of Samantha Roberts - Live Your Values Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Samantha Roberts - Live Your Values Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPA
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85011  (Online Only)
Welcome to the beginning of the new you! Society has made it really intimidating to ask for help and support, so I am grateful that you are here and making time for yourself. As a therapist, my goals are to help clients find relief from every day and big life stressors, including relationship struggles, as well as identify and change behaviors that are no longer serving them. I use an individualized approach with clients, making sure the skills/tools being taught in session fit the client rather than trying to make the client fit the skills/tools.
Welcome to the beginning of the new you! Society has made it really intimidating to ask for help and support, so I am grateful that you are here and making time for yourself. As a therapist, my goals are to help clients find relief from every day and big life stressors, including relationship struggles, as well as identify and change behaviors that are no longer serving them. I use an individualized approach with clients, making sure the skills/tools being taught in session fit the client rather than trying to make the client fit the skills/tools.
(480) 418-1459 View (480) 418-1459
Photo of Regina O'Brien, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Regina O'Brien
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CST
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85016
Welcome to a transformative journey of healing and growth. I am happy you are here. As an AASECT certified sex and relationship therapist with extensive training in Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy, I am passionate about guiding people towards deeper emotional connections and renewed intimacy. My practice is rooted in a commitment to understanding and addressing the complex dynamics of intimate relationships in a safe and supportive environment.
Welcome to a transformative journey of healing and growth. I am happy you are here. As an AASECT certified sex and relationship therapist with extensive training in Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy, I am passionate about guiding people towards deeper emotional connections and renewed intimacy. My practice is rooted in a commitment to understanding and addressing the complex dynamics of intimate relationships in a safe and supportive environment.
(480) 613-5962 View (480) 613-5962
Photo of Christy Martin, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Christy Martin
Counselor, MA, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85027
Christy is a Licensed Associate Counselor in the North Phoenix area. She works with children, adolescents, and adults. Many of Christy’s clients come in when they have a variety of challenges including but not limited to unprocessed trauma, childhood trauma, depression, anxiety, grief, or adjustment challenges. Christy is particularly passionate about serving clients with unresolved trauma. She has advanced training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing and Structural Dissociation.
Christy is a Licensed Associate Counselor in the North Phoenix area. She works with children, adolescents, and adults. Many of Christy’s clients come in when they have a variety of challenges including but not limited to unprocessed trauma, childhood trauma, depression, anxiety, grief, or adjustment challenges. Christy is particularly passionate about serving clients with unresolved trauma. She has advanced training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing and Structural Dissociation.
(623) 294-5852 View (623) 294-5852

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Phoenix, AZ

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Phoenix, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
84% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
76% Self Esteem
70% Stress
69% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Aetna
67% BlueCross and BlueShield
66% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Phoenix, AZ see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Phoenix?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.