Therapists in Topeka, KS

Photo of Myisha J Edmonds, Pre-Licensed Professional in Topeka, KS
Myisha J Edmonds
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
Hello! I am honored to have you stop by and visit with me. As a therapist, I am committed to each client reaching their full potential. I have worked as a school social worker in the Topeka area for the past few years. My focus as a therapist, are children and teens with unique backgrounds and experiences. If your child or teen finds themselves experiencing anxiety, depression, or other school difficulties I’m here to walk with them through their passage of self-discovery.
Hello! I am honored to have you stop by and visit with me. As a therapist, I am committed to each client reaching their full potential. I have worked as a school social worker in the Topeka area for the past few years. My focus as a therapist, are children and teens with unique backgrounds and experiences. If your child or teen finds themselves experiencing anxiety, depression, or other school difficulties I’m here to walk with them through their passage of self-discovery.
(785) 369-7613 View (785) 369-7613
Photo of Zinaia L Armstead, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Zinaia L Armstead
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AAS, BAS, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66611
Life can be challenging and the experiences along the way can cause stress, anxiety, and depression to name a few mental health issues that may affect your everyday life. In therapy, I understand the importance of having someone to talk to about issues and experiences in life. You will be met with respect, empathy, genuineness, supportive and active listening, and unconditional positive regard. Together we will work on your goals for therapy. You will be met where you are in the therapeutic journey, and be provided a safe environment to express your feelings, thoughts, challenges, and concerns.
Life can be challenging and the experiences along the way can cause stress, anxiety, and depression to name a few mental health issues that may affect your everyday life. In therapy, I understand the importance of having someone to talk to about issues and experiences in life. You will be met with respect, empathy, genuineness, supportive and active listening, and unconditional positive regard. Together we will work on your goals for therapy. You will be met where you are in the therapeutic journey, and be provided a safe environment to express your feelings, thoughts, challenges, and concerns.
(785) 264-4662 View (785) 264-4662
Photo of Ruben Luis Lara, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Ruben Luis Lara
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, MBA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
As a therapist, I have years of experience with working with adults and children, all of whom come from unique backgrounds. This includes children in foster care, children and adults in a community mental health setting, as well as working with adults and children experiencing mental health crisis. My specialty is working with adults and children that struggle with anxiety, depression, bereavement, and have difficulty expressing or managing their frustration or anger. I also specialize in working with the LGBTQ+ community when it comes to the unique challenges this marginalized group faces.
As a therapist, I have years of experience with working with adults and children, all of whom come from unique backgrounds. This includes children in foster care, children and adults in a community mental health setting, as well as working with adults and children experiencing mental health crisis. My specialty is working with adults and children that struggle with anxiety, depression, bereavement, and have difficulty expressing or managing their frustration or anger. I also specialize in working with the LGBTQ+ community when it comes to the unique challenges this marginalized group faces.
(785) 262-8446 View (785) 262-8446
Photo of Thomas S Bartlett, Psychologist in Topeka, KS
Thomas S Bartlett
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66611
Not accepting new clients
"I work with each client to develop a treatment approach that meets their goals and individual requirements. I believe that people are more than a diagnosis or static label and my work places an emphasis on the person with a challenge rather than simply focus on the challenge alone. The therapeutic process is more than helping a person to develop positive thinking or an optimistic attitude, but involves helping the person gain an understanding of how they can approach the world to obtain the greatest satisfaction from their relationships, their work and their life in general."
"I work with each client to develop a treatment approach that meets their goals and individual requirements. I believe that people are more than a diagnosis or static label and my work places an emphasis on the person with a challenge rather than simply focus on the challenge alone. The therapeutic process is more than helping a person to develop positive thinking or an optimistic attitude, but involves helping the person gain an understanding of how they can approach the world to obtain the greatest satisfaction from their relationships, their work and their life in general."
(785) 260-2747 View (785) 260-2747
Photo of Rachel Wells, Counselor in Topeka, KS
Rachel Wells
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
I am a graduate from Emporia State University, with a master's degree in Mental Health Counseling. I received my clinical license in February of 2015. I have several years of experience in private practice. I take pride in serving clients in the Shawnee County and surrounding communities. I strive to assist you in reaching your own personal emotional and mental health goals by gaining a better sense of independence through the therapeutic process.
I am a graduate from Emporia State University, with a master's degree in Mental Health Counseling. I received my clinical license in February of 2015. I have several years of experience in private practice. I take pride in serving clients in the Shawnee County and surrounding communities. I strive to assist you in reaching your own personal emotional and mental health goals by gaining a better sense of independence through the therapeutic process.
(785) 429-4230 View (785) 429-4230
Photo of Morgan Thorn Grey, Counselor in Topeka, KS
Morgan Thorn Grey
Counselor, LCPC, ExAT, IQM
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66603
The tension in your chest is there again. You can hardly catch your breath. So much to do! Your mind is racing and you feel like you are drowning. Even the smallest things are irritating. You just screamed at your son for spilling a drink, and now feel terrible about it. You missed another assignment at work because you’re so distracted. Confidence is at an all-time low. “I can’t do anything right,” you tell yourself. You know something needs to change, but you’re paralyzed by anxiety. Overthinking every choice until you can’t take any action. It’s gotten to the point where you just want to stay in bed, avoid everyone, and give up.
The tension in your chest is there again. You can hardly catch your breath. So much to do! Your mind is racing and you feel like you are drowning. Even the smallest things are irritating. You just screamed at your son for spilling a drink, and now feel terrible about it. You missed another assignment at work because you’re so distracted. Confidence is at an all-time low. “I can’t do anything right,” you tell yourself. You know something needs to change, but you’re paralyzed by anxiety. Overthinking every choice until you can’t take any action. It’s gotten to the point where you just want to stay in bed, avoid everyone, and give up.
(785) 261-9068 View (785) 261-9068
Photo of Trevonne Wilcox, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Trevonne Wilcox
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
I have had the pleasure of working with children and adults for 10 years. Mental health has become an importance in my life both professionally and personally. Healing is a journey, and it takes two. In my practice I want to be the other person to help you begin this process. My goal is to break down the barriers and misconceptions/taboos of mental health in all cultures while providing a non-judgmental and safe environment. I welcome ALL because we ALL deserve to have a place to “exhale” from our busy demanding life. Let's work to accept that your imperfections are your perfections as we are all unique in our ways.
I have had the pleasure of working with children and adults for 10 years. Mental health has become an importance in my life both professionally and personally. Healing is a journey, and it takes two. In my practice I want to be the other person to help you begin this process. My goal is to break down the barriers and misconceptions/taboos of mental health in all cultures while providing a non-judgmental and safe environment. I welcome ALL because we ALL deserve to have a place to “exhale” from our busy demanding life. Let's work to accept that your imperfections are your perfections as we are all unique in our ways.
(785) 429-4799 View (785) 429-4799
Photo of Laurynn Lake in Topeka, KS
Laurynn Lake
LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
It's time to put yourself first, reaching out for help is often the hardest part of the therapeutic process. As a Therapist I believe in the importance of providing Clients with a supportive and safe environment where they feel comfortable to explore and understand the thoughts and feelings that may arise when dealing with life challenges. You may be handling these difficulties in ways that are not satisfying or that impact your relationships. Whether you are a parent struggling with your child’s behaviors, a young adult starting with new changes in life, or a survivor of trauma looking for a safe place to heal, I am here to help.
It's time to put yourself first, reaching out for help is often the hardest part of the therapeutic process. As a Therapist I believe in the importance of providing Clients with a supportive and safe environment where they feel comfortable to explore and understand the thoughts and feelings that may arise when dealing with life challenges. You may be handling these difficulties in ways that are not satisfying or that impact your relationships. Whether you are a parent struggling with your child’s behaviors, a young adult starting with new changes in life, or a survivor of trauma looking for a safe place to heal, I am here to help.
(785) 264-6349 View (785) 264-6349
Photo of Bryan Redmon, Lmsw LLC., Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Bryan Redmon, Lmsw LLC.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66611  (Online Only)
Specializing in depression and anxiety, I intend to help people who experience a range of life stressors, anxieties, traumas, behavioral issues, mental illness, and other emotional disturbances/barriers. We will collaborate to create a plan for addressing these issues in a way that helps you get your life back. Not all processes are the same, however, you will not have to journey through these processes alone. We will process the issues you want to work on at a pace that is comfortable for you and feels safe for you.
Specializing in depression and anxiety, I intend to help people who experience a range of life stressors, anxieties, traumas, behavioral issues, mental illness, and other emotional disturbances/barriers. We will collaborate to create a plan for addressing these issues in a way that helps you get your life back. Not all processes are the same, however, you will not have to journey through these processes alone. We will process the issues you want to work on at a pace that is comfortable for you and feels safe for you.
(785) 347-5009 View (785) 347-5009
Photo of Meghan West, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Meghan West
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, MBA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66618  (Online Only)
Meghan is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who believes that to have a successful outcome in therapy, the client and therapist must first build a strong rapport. Once that foundation is laid, Meghan will use one of several therapeutic modalities, depending on the issue at hand. These modalities may include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Client-Centered Therapy, Mindfulness-Based Therapy, and General Psychotherapy. Many people benefit from the use of different modalities. Meghan is known for being a good listener, caring, sensitive, and enthusiastic.
Meghan is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who believes that to have a successful outcome in therapy, the client and therapist must first build a strong rapport. Once that foundation is laid, Meghan will use one of several therapeutic modalities, depending on the issue at hand. These modalities may include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Client-Centered Therapy, Mindfulness-Based Therapy, and General Psychotherapy. Many people benefit from the use of different modalities. Meghan is known for being a good listener, caring, sensitive, and enthusiastic.
(785) 322-9229 View (785) 322-9229
Photo of Barbara StreckerGaudreau, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Barbara StreckerGaudreau
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66614
I have 30+ years experience working in Mental Health. I'm a graduate of KU School of Social Welfare and have vast experience working with diverse clients. In my practice, I work to empower clients to reach their goals. I use problem-solving, positive therapeutic approaches "in partnership" with my clients to reduce co-dependency, depression, anxiety, stress, relationships and parent/child issues.
I have 30+ years experience working in Mental Health. I'm a graduate of KU School of Social Welfare and have vast experience working with diverse clients. In my practice, I work to empower clients to reach their goals. I use problem-solving, positive therapeutic approaches "in partnership" with my clients to reduce co-dependency, depression, anxiety, stress, relationships and parent/child issues.
(785) 428-4049 View (785) 428-4049
Photo of Phelica A Glass, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Phelica A Glass
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, GCCA-C, FAAGC, CSOTP, SPARC
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66603
Meeting the needs of individuals by empowering their voice, strengthening their individuality while joining them in their personal journey. If you have found yourself searching for your inner voice, seeking a better you, or identifying your place in life... I'm available to partner with you. If your children are in need of a motivator or an encourager who will be available to them, who will advocate for them or who will help them set limits in their behavior...I am available to them.
Meeting the needs of individuals by empowering their voice, strengthening their individuality while joining them in their personal journey. If you have found yourself searching for your inner voice, seeking a better you, or identifying your place in life... I'm available to partner with you. If your children are in need of a motivator or an encourager who will be available to them, who will advocate for them or who will help them set limits in their behavior...I am available to them.
(785) 246-7703 View (785) 246-7703
Photo of Jessica Poell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Jessica Poell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
Elizabeth Kubler Ross said, “The most beautiful people we have known are those who have known defeat, known suffering, known struggle, known loss, and have found their way out of those depths.” While you may not have chosen the difficulties & struggles you’ve faced,& it may feel that there is no way through, I believe you have the strength & ability to overcome all obstacles in your path. It may seem impossible or overwhelming, & the peace & calm you so desperately desire might appear unattainable, I believe you already have all the tools necessary to become that beautiful person you envision for yourself & I would like to help you.
Elizabeth Kubler Ross said, “The most beautiful people we have known are those who have known defeat, known suffering, known struggle, known loss, and have found their way out of those depths.” While you may not have chosen the difficulties & struggles you’ve faced,& it may feel that there is no way through, I believe you have the strength & ability to overcome all obstacles in your path. It may seem impossible or overwhelming, & the peace & calm you so desperately desire might appear unattainable, I believe you already have all the tools necessary to become that beautiful person you envision for yourself & I would like to help you.
(316) 974-1274 View (316) 974-1274
Photo of Becky Trapp-Marquez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Becky Trapp-Marquez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
I am a licensed therapist with over 23 years of experience in various social services agencies. I believe in taking a collaborative approach to helping clients, regardless of age, reach their goals. I am passionate about working alongside children, adolescents, and families on their journeys to healing and growth.
I am a licensed therapist with over 23 years of experience in various social services agencies. I believe in taking a collaborative approach to helping clients, regardless of age, reach their goals. I am passionate about working alongside children, adolescents, and families on their journeys to healing and growth.
(785) 655-8053 View (785) 655-8053
Photo of Shauna B Vega, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Shauna B Vega
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66614  (Online Only)
Everyone needs help navigating life's biggest challenges, regrets, losses, illnesses, and/or worries. Sometimes the support system we have been relying upon is just not enough to help us overcome our current frustrations. Anxiety and depression can seep in and take over without us even realizing how paralyzing it can be. Rejuvenate your sense of well-being and get back on track. You have taken the first encouraging step by reaching out to get more help in setting up your goals to a better well-being.
Everyone needs help navigating life's biggest challenges, regrets, losses, illnesses, and/or worries. Sometimes the support system we have been relying upon is just not enough to help us overcome our current frustrations. Anxiety and depression can seep in and take over without us even realizing how paralyzing it can be. Rejuvenate your sense of well-being and get back on track. You have taken the first encouraging step by reaching out to get more help in setting up your goals to a better well-being.
(785) 322-9483 View (785) 322-9483
Photo of Krista Bolin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Krista Bolin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66603  (Online Only)
Krista Bolin is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who has been practicing for 6 years in the state of Missouri, in both community-based and clinical work, to assist adults in overcoming depression, anxiety, and trauma as well as mood and substance abuse disorders. Krista graduated from the University of Missouri with her Bachelor's degree in Psychology, where she also earned her Master’s degree in Social Work with focused studies in dual diagnosis, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT).
Krista Bolin is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who has been practicing for 6 years in the state of Missouri, in both community-based and clinical work, to assist adults in overcoming depression, anxiety, and trauma as well as mood and substance abuse disorders. Krista graduated from the University of Missouri with her Bachelor's degree in Psychology, where she also earned her Master’s degree in Social Work with focused studies in dual diagnosis, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT).
(785) 329-9541 View (785) 329-9541
Photo of Daniel Patrick Lassley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Topeka, KS
Daniel Patrick Lassley
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-KS
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66611
I work with adults who are experiencing difficult emotions and life situations. I also work with those who want to improve the quality of their relationships. People struggling with issues from disability or chronic illness.
I work with adults who are experiencing difficult emotions and life situations. I also work with those who want to improve the quality of their relationships. People struggling with issues from disability or chronic illness.
(785) 367-3466 View (785) 367-3466
Photo of Crystal M Duclos, Psychologist in Topeka, KS
Crystal M Duclos
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
Hello! I am a Licensed Psychologist practicing at Stonestreet & Associates in Topeka, KS. I earned my Doctorate degree in Clinical Psychology and have experience working with a diverse set of individuals and problems including anxiety, panic, OCD, mood disorders, thought disorders, life adjustment difficulties, and relationship issues. Therapy is typically not a quick fix, so I gravitate toward working with individuals who are motivated to be active participants in the therapy process to learn skills that create lasting change.
Hello! I am a Licensed Psychologist practicing at Stonestreet & Associates in Topeka, KS. I earned my Doctorate degree in Clinical Psychology and have experience working with a diverse set of individuals and problems including anxiety, panic, OCD, mood disorders, thought disorders, life adjustment difficulties, and relationship issues. Therapy is typically not a quick fix, so I gravitate toward working with individuals who are motivated to be active participants in the therapy process to learn skills that create lasting change.
(785) 741-8215 View (785) 741-8215
Photo of Stacey M Miller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Topeka, KS
Stacey M Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66614
I’m a Therapist located in Southwest Topeka who works with Children and Families. Many of my clients come in to address topics such as Anxiety/Depression, ADHD, Trauma, Parent/Family Challenges, and Life Transitions. I am particularly passionate about serving Children, Teens, Young Adults, Parents & Families. Personal life and parenting experiences have given me valuable insight as to what families are going through when one member is struggling with issues.
I’m a Therapist located in Southwest Topeka who works with Children and Families. Many of my clients come in to address topics such as Anxiety/Depression, ADHD, Trauma, Parent/Family Challenges, and Life Transitions. I am particularly passionate about serving Children, Teens, Young Adults, Parents & Families. Personal life and parenting experiences have given me valuable insight as to what families are going through when one member is struggling with issues.
(785) 347-6904 View (785) 347-6904
Photo of Art McKenna, Psychologist in Topeka, KS
Art McKenna
Psychologist, PhD, PsyD
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66611
My therapy & counseling are based on the life experiences and the philosophy of Viktor Frankl. His writings describe the kinds of the situation from which he and his fellow prisoners at Auschwitz were able, on a day-to-day basis, to extract the life-sustaining meaning that was essential to their survival. My therapy has three levels: (1) use mindfulness and relaxation methods to calm the emotional brain down, and (2) use cognitive-behavioral to develop a healthy sense of resiliency. In the 3rd stage, you will learn self-distancing techniques to discover meaningfulness at the moment and find better ways to expand your uniqueness.
My therapy & counseling are based on the life experiences and the philosophy of Viktor Frankl. His writings describe the kinds of the situation from which he and his fellow prisoners at Auschwitz were able, on a day-to-day basis, to extract the life-sustaining meaning that was essential to their survival. My therapy has three levels: (1) use mindfulness and relaxation methods to calm the emotional brain down, and (2) use cognitive-behavioral to develop a healthy sense of resiliency. In the 3rd stage, you will learn self-distancing techniques to discover meaningfulness at the moment and find better ways to expand your uniqueness.
(785) 509-7915 View (785) 509-7915

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Topeka, KS

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Topeka, KS who prioritize treating:

90% Depression
89% Anxiety
75% Stress
74% Relationship Issues
74% Trauma and PTSD
74% Self Esteem
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% BlueCross and BlueShield
57% Medicaid
53% Aetna

How Therapists in Topeka, KS see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

73% Female
26% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Topeka?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.