Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Dr. Kristen Taylor, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Dr. Kristen Taylor
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults from a variety of cultural backgrounds. While I tend conceptualize from a psychodynamic perspective, my treatment tends towards a more integrative model. I often use treatment techniques from Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Solution-Focused treatment. I believe that one theory alone is not necessarily going to apply to every individual from a multitude of cultures and backgrounds.
I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults from a variety of cultural backgrounds. While I tend conceptualize from a psychodynamic perspective, my treatment tends towards a more integrative model. I often use treatment techniques from Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Solution-Focused treatment. I believe that one theory alone is not necessarily going to apply to every individual from a multitude of cultures and backgrounds.
(312) 967-9180 View (312) 967-9180
Photo of Stacey Seibold, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Stacey Seibold
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60607  (Online Only)
I pride myself on meeting my clients where they are to walk alongside them as they heal & create their best life. We all at times go through periods when processing, whether towards change or healing, becomes necessary. I hope to make that process a bit more comfortable, so that you are not alone, and also to help you move through your journey with integrity and intention. Many of my clients report feeling it to be easier to approach difficult topics due to us having a friendly relationship as a foundation. I believe that foundation is in part created due to our efforts in seeing and validating their own internal strengths.
I pride myself on meeting my clients where they are to walk alongside them as they heal & create their best life. We all at times go through periods when processing, whether towards change or healing, becomes necessary. I hope to make that process a bit more comfortable, so that you are not alone, and also to help you move through your journey with integrity and intention. Many of my clients report feeling it to be easier to approach difficult topics due to us having a friendly relationship as a foundation. I believe that foundation is in part created due to our efforts in seeing and validating their own internal strengths.
(224) 261-7610 View (224) 261-7610
Photo of Lauren Yuccas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Lauren Yuccas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60604
Becoming a counselor is one of the greatest joys of my life. It is an incredible honor to walk alongside each and every one of my clients as they let me into their stories. I believe our stories are powerful and shape the way we see ourselves and the world around us. It can take courage to walk into the counseling room and talk about your pain, struggles, and hurt. It is my hope you leave our space feeling known, empowered, and like you are working toward holistic healing and growth. It has been my joy to work with both individuals and couples, equipping them with tools and being an ally with them on their journeys.
Becoming a counselor is one of the greatest joys of my life. It is an incredible honor to walk alongside each and every one of my clients as they let me into their stories. I believe our stories are powerful and shape the way we see ourselves and the world around us. It can take courage to walk into the counseling room and talk about your pain, struggles, and hurt. It is my hope you leave our space feeling known, empowered, and like you are working toward holistic healing and growth. It has been my joy to work with both individuals and couples, equipping them with tools and being an ally with them on their journeys.
(630) 333-1897 View (630) 333-1897
Photo of Emily Gumm, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Emily Gumm
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
Life can bring all kinds of changes, some good, some unexpected and some difficult. Learning how to approach the ups and downs of life is a personal journey and everyone deserves a safe space to explore the tools that will best work for them. If you are going through changes in life and want to explore how you can bring your own values to find solutions, I am available to collaborate with you. I am committed to creating a non-judgmental atmosphere where we can look at life's challenges and find new approaches for managing the thoughts and feelings which arise.
Life can bring all kinds of changes, some good, some unexpected and some difficult. Learning how to approach the ups and downs of life is a personal journey and everyone deserves a safe space to explore the tools that will best work for them. If you are going through changes in life and want to explore how you can bring your own values to find solutions, I am available to collaborate with you. I am committed to creating a non-judgmental atmosphere where we can look at life's challenges and find new approaches for managing the thoughts and feelings which arise.
(773) 830-6916 View (773) 830-6916
Photo of Tanya Leibman, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Tanya Leibman
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
There are many reasons to look for a therapist. While I do not know your reasons, I do know it is often when it is hard to find help that you most need it - and flipping through Psychology Today is not what people do for joy. I recognize building trust can take time, and so often what we need is hard to pin down.
There are many reasons to look for a therapist. While I do not know your reasons, I do know it is often when it is hard to find help that you most need it - and flipping through Psychology Today is not what people do for joy. I recognize building trust can take time, and so often what we need is hard to pin down.
(312) 766-9184 x2 View (312) 766-9184 x2
Photo of Samantha Perry, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Samantha Perry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
I became a therapist because I believe that change is always possible, and that humans have an inherent ability to heal and transform when they feel safe, heard, and connected. I understand that sometimes patterns of thinking, difficult emotions, or past circumstances feel like they pull us away from living life fully. In session, I will work with you to identify your strengths, increase self-compassion, create safety in your body, and expand your capacity to respond in the face of life’s difficult moments. I'm also a big believer in the power of humor, and encourage you to bring your full selves into our work together.
I became a therapist because I believe that change is always possible, and that humans have an inherent ability to heal and transform when they feel safe, heard, and connected. I understand that sometimes patterns of thinking, difficult emotions, or past circumstances feel like they pull us away from living life fully. In session, I will work with you to identify your strengths, increase self-compassion, create safety in your body, and expand your capacity to respond in the face of life’s difficult moments. I'm also a big believer in the power of humor, and encourage you to bring your full selves into our work together.
(872) 278-5088 x2 View (872) 278-5088 x2
Photo of Alfredo Marulanda, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Alfredo Marulanda
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
Many times making effective decisions and maintaining consistency toward our goals can be challenging, causing inner conflict and a feeling of hopelessness. My mission as a therapist is to guide and help you discover strengths you didn't know you had. As a team, we will explore and process the emotional, cognitive, physical, familial, and spiritual factors impacting your life and preventing you from achieving a transformation in your life. " Tomar decisiones y hacer cambios pueden ser dificiles por que existe el temor de enfretarnos a nuevos retos. Mi mission es ayudar a explorar y transformar tu vida en lo que tu quieres lograr."
Many times making effective decisions and maintaining consistency toward our goals can be challenging, causing inner conflict and a feeling of hopelessness. My mission as a therapist is to guide and help you discover strengths you didn't know you had. As a team, we will explore and process the emotional, cognitive, physical, familial, and spiritual factors impacting your life and preventing you from achieving a transformation in your life. " Tomar decisiones y hacer cambios pueden ser dificiles por que existe el temor de enfretarnos a nuevos retos. Mi mission es ayudar a explorar y transformar tu vida en lo que tu quieres lograr."
(773) 904-0494 View (773) 904-0494
Photo of Ashley Barrient, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Ashley Barrient
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MEd, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614  (Online Only)
Ashley guides her clients in managing anxiety, relationship challenges, life transitions, stress, and eating disorders. Ashley supports many clients with pre and post bariatric surgery care. Ashley provides a warm environment for self-exploration and growth. She offers a supportive space to process thoughts, feelings, and experiences and works collaboratively with her clients to explore strategies to overcome or gain acceptance around challenges, increase engagement in self-care, and optimize how clients navigate and engage in life experiences to live fully.
Ashley guides her clients in managing anxiety, relationship challenges, life transitions, stress, and eating disorders. Ashley supports many clients with pre and post bariatric surgery care. Ashley provides a warm environment for self-exploration and growth. She offers a supportive space to process thoughts, feelings, and experiences and works collaboratively with her clients to explore strategies to overcome or gain acceptance around challenges, increase engagement in self-care, and optimize how clients navigate and engage in life experiences to live fully.
(773) 945-1476 View (773) 945-1476
Photo of Jodi Stelley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Jodi Stelley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MA, EdM
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60604  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As a therapist, I help clients who are healing from trauma, learning how to manage feelings of anxiety and depression, processing grief, and trying to establish healthier boundaries in work and life. My goal is to create a safe and welcoming environment wherein each client can be their full selves. I strive to see each person holistically with an understanding of how our intersecting identities inform our thoughts, feelings, and experiences. I believe therapy can help an individual gain a clearer understanding of themselves while providing tools to help manage life more successfully.
As a therapist, I help clients who are healing from trauma, learning how to manage feelings of anxiety and depression, processing grief, and trying to establish healthier boundaries in work and life. My goal is to create a safe and welcoming environment wherein each client can be their full selves. I strive to see each person holistically with an understanding of how our intersecting identities inform our thoughts, feelings, and experiences. I believe therapy can help an individual gain a clearer understanding of themselves while providing tools to help manage life more successfully.
(224) 808-5257 View (224) 808-5257
Photo of Rick Manabat, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Rick Manabat
Counselor, MA, LCPC, CSAT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60604
Thank you for clicking on my profile. I provide individual and couples counseling to adults. I specialize in the area sex addiction and help clients find freedom from their compulsive and risky behavior. I can assist the partners of sex addicts find healing, hope and wholeness. I am equipped to help you work through depression, anxiety, anger, brokenness, relational discord, grief, low self-esteem, trauma, and addiction. In couples therapy, I assist couples break negative cycles of interaction and help them to create new patterns of connection that are lasting. Find me at www.pneumachicago.com
Thank you for clicking on my profile. I provide individual and couples counseling to adults. I specialize in the area sex addiction and help clients find freedom from their compulsive and risky behavior. I can assist the partners of sex addicts find healing, hope and wholeness. I am equipped to help you work through depression, anxiety, anger, brokenness, relational discord, grief, low self-esteem, trauma, and addiction. In couples therapy, I assist couples break negative cycles of interaction and help them to create new patterns of connection that are lasting. Find me at www.pneumachicago.com
(312) 548-7721 View (312) 548-7721
Photo of Dr. Reginald Richardson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Dr. Reginald Richardson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60654
Dr. Reginald Richardson, our seasoned senior therapist, brings an impressive 35 years of expertise to rekindling hope, mutual respect, and love within couples’ relationships. If you’re struggling with communication and intimacy issues, Dr. Richardson is your trusted guide to reignite the spark in your partnership.
Dr. Reginald Richardson, our seasoned senior therapist, brings an impressive 35 years of expertise to rekindling hope, mutual respect, and love within couples’ relationships. If you’re struggling with communication and intimacy issues, Dr. Richardson is your trusted guide to reignite the spark in your partnership.
(872) 246-9875 View (872) 246-9875
Photo of Leon Xue, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Leon Xue
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LPC, ALMFT
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602
You may find yourself grappling with relationship challenges, feeling disconnected, or navigating the impact of generational trauma. Your desire for understanding, healing, and renewed hope is palpable. You seek to overcome barriers, heal from trauma, and cultivate healthier communication patterns, longing to rediscover joy and vitality in your relationships and life.
You may find yourself grappling with relationship challenges, feeling disconnected, or navigating the impact of generational trauma. Your desire for understanding, healing, and renewed hope is palpable. You seek to overcome barriers, heal from trauma, and cultivate healthier communication patterns, longing to rediscover joy and vitality in your relationships and life.
(773) 900-7136 View (773) 900-7136
Photo of Caitlyn Zon, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Caitlyn Zon
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60625  (Online Only)
As humans, we all face times of struggle or overwhelm that can be challenging to manage on our own. We may feel alone or as if no one understands what we are going through. This is where a therapeutic relationship offers the opportunity to build a sense of understanding and appreciation for the complexities of our experiences and fosters a healthier relationship with ourselves and those around us. Together we will work towards identifying your strengths and goals and developing a sense of self-compassion as we acknowledge we are all humans moving through this experience.
As humans, we all face times of struggle or overwhelm that can be challenging to manage on our own. We may feel alone or as if no one understands what we are going through. This is where a therapeutic relationship offers the opportunity to build a sense of understanding and appreciation for the complexities of our experiences and fosters a healthier relationship with ourselves and those around us. Together we will work towards identifying your strengths and goals and developing a sense of self-compassion as we acknowledge we are all humans moving through this experience.
(773) 912-0138 View (773) 912-0138
Photo of Holly Fak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Holly Fak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Holly. I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 20 years of experience dedicated to empowering clients be the best version of themselves. My counseling style is warm, interactive, and collaborative using a strengths-based, client centered approach.
Hello, my name is Holly. I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 20 years of experience dedicated to empowering clients be the best version of themselves. My counseling style is warm, interactive, and collaborative using a strengths-based, client centered approach.
(630) 415-1771 View (630) 415-1771
Photo of Eliana Sigel-Epstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Eliana Sigel-Epstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60614
Not accepting new clients
Reaching out for help and inviting a new person into your family story takes enormous courage. Through that strength and commitment to change, things will get better. Perhaps you and your child can’t get out the door without a meltdown. Do you find yourself wishing you could be calmer and measured as you set boundaries with your child? Maybe you worry about leaving your child with others for fear that adults other than you won’t know how to “handle” them. Do you suspect that a past event is impacting your child’s or family’s current difficulties? Psychotherapy at AZ&A can help.
Reaching out for help and inviting a new person into your family story takes enormous courage. Through that strength and commitment to change, things will get better. Perhaps you and your child can’t get out the door without a meltdown. Do you find yourself wishing you could be calmer and measured as you set boundaries with your child? Maybe you worry about leaving your child with others for fear that adults other than you won’t know how to “handle” them. Do you suspect that a past event is impacting your child’s or family’s current difficulties? Psychotherapy at AZ&A can help.
(872) 713-6153 View (872) 713-6153
Photo of Reanna Stevens, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Reanna Stevens
Licensed Professional Counselor, MHS, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60643  (Online Only)
Life throws all sorts of curveballs at us. There are times when we feel like things are getting to be “too much”. Does this make you stressed, or not feel like yourself? Are you finding waiting list after waiting list? I’m here to tell you that you are not alone in this! Situations can arise leaving us with many unanswered questions. Let me help you gain some understanding of yourself! I currently offer telehealth appointments only to provide therapy in the comfort of your own home.
Life throws all sorts of curveballs at us. There are times when we feel like things are getting to be “too much”. Does this make you stressed, or not feel like yourself? Are you finding waiting list after waiting list? I’m here to tell you that you are not alone in this! Situations can arise leaving us with many unanswered questions. Let me help you gain some understanding of yourself! I currently offer telehealth appointments only to provide therapy in the comfort of your own home.
(708) 340-0902 View (708) 340-0902
Photo of Krista Klund, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Krista Klund
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
As a therapist, I work collaboratively with my clients in processing their experiences and finding healthy and productive ways to solve problems as well as gain insight into the reasons for maladaptive behaviors. In the treatment process, I encourage clients to formulate their own treatment goals and we will work together to find ways to achieve these goals via modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral, Psychodynamic, Solutions-focused interventions. I see my role as one of support, guidance, active listening, and empowering the client to develop positive coping mechanisms in the process of making changes to thoughts and behaviors.
As a therapist, I work collaboratively with my clients in processing their experiences and finding healthy and productive ways to solve problems as well as gain insight into the reasons for maladaptive behaviors. In the treatment process, I encourage clients to formulate their own treatment goals and we will work together to find ways to achieve these goals via modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral, Psychodynamic, Solutions-focused interventions. I see my role as one of support, guidance, active listening, and empowering the client to develop positive coping mechanisms in the process of making changes to thoughts and behaviors.
(312) 262-3973 View (312) 262-3973
Photo of Jenica Ottero, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Jenica Ottero
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60604
My style is warm, direct, and empowering. I collaboratively use evidenced-based treatments to identify unhelpful patterns and redefine old values in order to live a more authentic and rewarding life. A trusting and genuine therapeutic relationship is the foundation for growth, and through this space you will gain insight, awareness, and be gently challenged to see new perspectives and solutions.
My style is warm, direct, and empowering. I collaboratively use evidenced-based treatments to identify unhelpful patterns and redefine old values in order to live a more authentic and rewarding life. A trusting and genuine therapeutic relationship is the foundation for growth, and through this space you will gain insight, awareness, and be gently challenged to see new perspectives and solutions.
(510) 999-6141 View (510) 999-6141
Photo of Catalyst Clinical Group Inc, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Catalyst Clinical Group Inc
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
I believe every person has the ability to effect change in their life. Sometimes, though, we need someone to walk along side us to help navigate through difficult and trying times. My view of therapy is just that—a helpful and compassionate person who provides a safe and stigma-free space to explore, reflect, mourn, and grow. My hope is to provide you with the highest quality mental health services to help you achieve your goals and live a healthy, productive life of your design.
I believe every person has the ability to effect change in their life. Sometimes, though, we need someone to walk along side us to help navigate through difficult and trying times. My view of therapy is just that—a helpful and compassionate person who provides a safe and stigma-free space to explore, reflect, mourn, and grow. My hope is to provide you with the highest quality mental health services to help you achieve your goals and live a healthy, productive life of your design.
(773) 876-8763 View (773) 876-8763
Photo of Shantrell P Sutton, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Shantrell P Sutton
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, NCC, CBT-P
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60661
True wellness is a commitment to your best self. But what do you do if you don’t know what that looks like? When is the last time you had the space to reflect on your life and goals? Do you find yourself unbalanced due to life’s changes and in need of a reset? Meet with me! Let’s develop a plan for you to see yourself clearly. I believe in the power of expression, faith in self, and determination. I utilize client-centered approaches with science-supported interventions. I won’t leave your wellness up to chance, let’s work together to make a change. Clients describe me as attentive, supportive, caring, and result-driven.
True wellness is a commitment to your best self. But what do you do if you don’t know what that looks like? When is the last time you had the space to reflect on your life and goals? Do you find yourself unbalanced due to life’s changes and in need of a reset? Meet with me! Let’s develop a plan for you to see yourself clearly. I believe in the power of expression, faith in self, and determination. I utilize client-centered approaches with science-supported interventions. I won’t leave your wellness up to chance, let’s work together to make a change. Clients describe me as attentive, supportive, caring, and result-driven.
(224) 509-6995 View (224) 509-6995

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.