Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA

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Photo of Grace Wellness Center, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Grace Wellness Center
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15235
We are a group of Christian Counselors who treat clients of all ages through Biblical truth and the healing power of God's grace. We integrate the best from the discipline of psychology with Christian counseling to help people find peace and contentment. We have counselors who specialize in addictions, attachment and trauma issues, grief, relationships, children, parenting, depression, anxiety and most other issues. Our organization has several centers throughout western PA. Please visit our website to see if we have a location that will meet your needs. www.thegracewellnesscenter.com
We are a group of Christian Counselors who treat clients of all ages through Biblical truth and the healing power of God's grace. We integrate the best from the discipline of psychology with Christian counseling to help people find peace and contentment. We have counselors who specialize in addictions, attachment and trauma issues, grief, relationships, children, parenting, depression, anxiety and most other issues. Our organization has several centers throughout western PA. Please visit our website to see if we have a location that will meet your needs. www.thegracewellnesscenter.com
(724) 906-4319 View (724) 906-4319
Photo of Jess Markowitz, Pre-Licensed Professional in Pittsburgh, PA
Jess Markowitz
Pre-Licensed Professional, M Ed
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15213
As a Counselor and Somatic Experiencing Practitioner (Advanced level), I support and hold space for the healing of all kinds of trauma. I enjoy working with clients who seek support with chronic illness, sexuality, self growth, relationships & attachment, life transitions, family, systemic trauma and multigenerational or cultural matters. I believe we are deeply impacted by the cultural, social and historical contexts to which we originate, exist, and navigate; therefore I strive to attune to and support these facets of your experience in our work.
As a Counselor and Somatic Experiencing Practitioner (Advanced level), I support and hold space for the healing of all kinds of trauma. I enjoy working with clients who seek support with chronic illness, sexuality, self growth, relationships & attachment, life transitions, family, systemic trauma and multigenerational or cultural matters. I believe we are deeply impacted by the cultural, social and historical contexts to which we originate, exist, and navigate; therefore I strive to attune to and support these facets of your experience in our work.
(412) 754-7913 View (412) 754-7913
Photo of The Center for Relational Change in Pittsburgh, PA
The Center for Relational Change
LMFT, LCSW, LPC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15218
The Center for Relational Change is Pittsburgh's premier family therapy practice. Our clinicians are skilled, caring, insightful licensed therapists helping individuals, couple and families work through issues of self-worth, depression, anxiety, childhood trauma and abuse, and more. We work with everyone, regardless of race, religious beliefs, sexual orientation, etc. If you, your partner and/or family are having a difficult time healing from past issues, working through present concerns or want to maintain a healthy future, the Center is a great place to begin investing in yourself and your relationships.
The Center for Relational Change is Pittsburgh's premier family therapy practice. Our clinicians are skilled, caring, insightful licensed therapists helping individuals, couple and families work through issues of self-worth, depression, anxiety, childhood trauma and abuse, and more. We work with everyone, regardless of race, religious beliefs, sexual orientation, etc. If you, your partner and/or family are having a difficult time healing from past issues, working through present concerns or want to maintain a healthy future, the Center is a great place to begin investing in yourself and your relationships.
(412) 903-3742 View (412) 903-3742
Photo of Taibke Hyman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Taibke Hyman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15217
It’s the end of the day and you sigh to yourself. Another day of feeling “not good enough.” You’re worn down by that cunning voice in your head that always lets you know what you could have done better. Everyone’s a critic. Family, friends and colleagues all seem to have their own ideas about how you should be handling things. Not accustomed to acknowledging your feelings, you feel an agonizing sense of frustration with life. Though you have tried convincing yourself your life is not so bad, there’s no excitement as you stare into the future that’s waiting for you. There must be a better way – but you’re not sure where to turn.
It’s the end of the day and you sigh to yourself. Another day of feeling “not good enough.” You’re worn down by that cunning voice in your head that always lets you know what you could have done better. Everyone’s a critic. Family, friends and colleagues all seem to have their own ideas about how you should be handling things. Not accustomed to acknowledging your feelings, you feel an agonizing sense of frustration with life. Though you have tried convincing yourself your life is not so bad, there’s no excitement as you stare into the future that’s waiting for you. There must be a better way – but you’re not sure where to turn.
(412) 397-7705 View (412) 397-7705
Photo of James W Ellermeyer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
James W Ellermeyer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15206
Using a mindfulness-based cognitive approach, I help people deal with self-concept, self-esteem, identity formation and develop the ability to make conscious choices. I deal with bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, anxiety, and depression. I have been successful with my own full impact mindfulness technique in dealing with disassociation and psychosis, PTSD and trauma.
Using a mindfulness-based cognitive approach, I help people deal with self-concept, self-esteem, identity formation and develop the ability to make conscious choices. I deal with bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, anxiety, and depression. I have been successful with my own full impact mindfulness technique in dealing with disassociation and psychosis, PTSD and trauma.
(412) 419-0972 View (412) 419-0972
Photo of Maggie Dombrowski, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Maggie Dombrowski
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15222
Maggie Dombrowski is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 14 years of experience in the mental health and behavioral health field. She is passionate about helping adolescents, adults, and seniors address their unique challenges and advocating for the appropriate care and treatment to help them enjoy life. Maggie specialized in depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, relationship issues, adjustment, and various mental health disorders. Maggie completed her Master of Counseling at Waynesburg University.
Maggie Dombrowski is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 14 years of experience in the mental health and behavioral health field. She is passionate about helping adolescents, adults, and seniors address their unique challenges and advocating for the appropriate care and treatment to help them enjoy life. Maggie specialized in depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, relationship issues, adjustment, and various mental health disorders. Maggie completed her Master of Counseling at Waynesburg University.
(412) 214-8263 View (412) 214-8263
Photo of Katie Matthews, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Katie Matthews
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15237  (Online Only)
I help those feeling overwhelmed and lost in life. This can be a frustrating, disheartening and lonely period in our lives. Sometimes we present to others one way but really feel uncertainty and disconnection with little to no understanding of why it is happening or what to do about it. Together we can work to navigate the stressors of life, find a sense of direction and build self confidence. Through our work together we will set and obtain the goals you have for yourself.
I help those feeling overwhelmed and lost in life. This can be a frustrating, disheartening and lonely period in our lives. Sometimes we present to others one way but really feel uncertainty and disconnection with little to no understanding of why it is happening or what to do about it. Together we can work to navigate the stressors of life, find a sense of direction and build self confidence. Through our work together we will set and obtain the goals you have for yourself.
(412) 981-2808 View (412) 981-2808
Photo of Amy Arnold, Pre-Licensed Professional in Pittsburgh, PA
Amy Arnold
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, CRC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15222  (Online Only)
I view therapy as a collaborative space to explore, grow, and learn together. I strive to provide support, resources, and psycho-education tailored to your individual needs. Whether you're navigating ADHD, autism, anxiety, depression, chronic illness, health related concerns, grief, or other challenges, I am here to join you alongside every layer of your experience.
I view therapy as a collaborative space to explore, grow, and learn together. I strive to provide support, resources, and psycho-education tailored to your individual needs. Whether you're navigating ADHD, autism, anxiety, depression, chronic illness, health related concerns, grief, or other challenges, I am here to join you alongside every layer of your experience.
(724) 414-3572 View (724) 414-3572
Photo of April Condemi, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
April Condemi
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CFRC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15228
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and have worked with a variety of concerns and specialize with working with first responders. I have seen individuals in various setting and throughout the lifespan. I have a focus on working with those suffering from trauma related symptoms, work, and life related stressors first responders may experience.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and have worked with a variety of concerns and specialize with working with first responders. I have seen individuals in various setting and throughout the lifespan. I have a focus on working with those suffering from trauma related symptoms, work, and life related stressors first responders may experience.
(412) 365-4701 View (412) 365-4701
Photo of Chance Kolhmeyer, Pre-Licensed Professional in Pittsburgh, PA
Chance Kolhmeyer
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15222  (Online Only)
Chance Kolhmeyer is a Resident in Counseling who specializes in working with adults. A large portion of Chance’s experience has consisted of working with the college population where she has gained an extensive understanding of life experiences, transitions, and disorders within this stage of life. She has a history of working with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief and loss, relational issues, suicidal ideation, self-harm, self-esteem issues, adjustment disorders, day-to-day stress, and time management.
Chance Kolhmeyer is a Resident in Counseling who specializes in working with adults. A large portion of Chance’s experience has consisted of working with the college population where she has gained an extensive understanding of life experiences, transitions, and disorders within this stage of life. She has a history of working with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief and loss, relational issues, suicidal ideation, self-harm, self-esteem issues, adjustment disorders, day-to-day stress, and time management.
(412) 990-1995 View (412) 990-1995
Photo of Dr. Taylor Day, Psychologist in Pittsburgh, PA
Dr. Taylor Day
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15219  (Online Only)
Did you know autism can be diagnosed in children as young as 14 months of age? So often parents are told to "wait and see" despite having concerns about their child's development. As a child psychologist, I have expertise in the early diagnosis and intervention of autism. I have over a decade of experience conducting gold-standard evaluations for autism and research to advance knowledge about early autism signs with over 25 peer-reviewed publications/book chapters. I offer both diagnosis and intervention services for families of young children via telehealth throughout the country (select states). Contact me for a FREE consult!
Did you know autism can be diagnosed in children as young as 14 months of age? So often parents are told to "wait and see" despite having concerns about their child's development. As a child psychologist, I have expertise in the early diagnosis and intervention of autism. I have over a decade of experience conducting gold-standard evaluations for autism and research to advance knowledge about early autism signs with over 25 peer-reviewed publications/book chapters. I offer both diagnosis and intervention services for families of young children via telehealth throughout the country (select states). Contact me for a FREE consult!
(412) 837-0965 View (412) 837-0965
Photo of Tiffany Song, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsburgh, PA
Tiffany Song
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15216
Are you looking to free yourself from anxiety? Are you avoiding places, things, or situations because you might have a panic attack? Are obsessive thoughts and compulsions pulling you further and further away from enjoining your life? Anxiety seems to have a way of creating rules that people need to follow just to keep it all together. The problem is, the more we follow anxiety's rules, the more powerful it becomes. It can start to feel like your life has gotten smaller, more rigid, even less fun as the anxiety continues to grow. If you have found my page, then you are likely hoping to take your life back.
Are you looking to free yourself from anxiety? Are you avoiding places, things, or situations because you might have a panic attack? Are obsessive thoughts and compulsions pulling you further and further away from enjoining your life? Anxiety seems to have a way of creating rules that people need to follow just to keep it all together. The problem is, the more we follow anxiety's rules, the more powerful it becomes. It can start to feel like your life has gotten smaller, more rigid, even less fun as the anxiety continues to grow. If you have found my page, then you are likely hoping to take your life back.
(412) 844-5460 View (412) 844-5460
Photo of Lisa McDonough, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsburgh, PA
Lisa McDonough
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15238  (Online Only)
Have you been struggling with symptoms of anxiety or depression? Are you trying to "keep it all together"? Do you or someone you care about have Autism? Do you feel overwhelmed by the demands of your day-to-day life? You don't have to do it alone! I have a strong interest in working with individuals struggling in these areas. I would be honored for the opportunity to work with you!
Have you been struggling with symptoms of anxiety or depression? Are you trying to "keep it all together"? Do you or someone you care about have Autism? Do you feel overwhelmed by the demands of your day-to-day life? You don't have to do it alone! I have a strong interest in working with individuals struggling in these areas. I would be honored for the opportunity to work with you!
(412) 844-5230 View (412) 844-5230
Photo of Leah Roberts, Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Leah Roberts
Counselor, LPC, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15232
Whether you are experiencing anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, self-worth issues, eating and body image issues, relationship challenges, or a life change or transition - I welcome you. It is my utmost priority to provide a non-judgemental space that is filled with compassion, hope, creativity, and safety. I am committed to meeting you where they are and seeing you as a whole person - taking your strengths, values, and goals into account. I love helping teens and adults get in touch with what brings meaning to their life, grow confident in who they are, overcome challenges, and live in alignment with their passions and values.
Whether you are experiencing anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, self-worth issues, eating and body image issues, relationship challenges, or a life change or transition - I welcome you. It is my utmost priority to provide a non-judgemental space that is filled with compassion, hope, creativity, and safety. I am committed to meeting you where they are and seeing you as a whole person - taking your strengths, values, and goals into account. I love helping teens and adults get in touch with what brings meaning to their life, grow confident in who they are, overcome challenges, and live in alignment with their passions and values.
(412) 207-3782 View (412) 207-3782
Photo of Healing Together, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Healing Together
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCE
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
Waitlist for new clients
Healing Together offers therapy for individuals and families. Our practice specializes in solution-focused work, cognitive behavior therapy, anxiety and trauma therapies and mindfulness-based stress reduction. We offer coaching in life, work transitions, finances, and spirituality. We work with individuals and couples experiencing relational and communication difficulties as well. We also offer faith-based counseling for the many client who wish to incorporate their faith into therapy.
Healing Together offers therapy for individuals and families. Our practice specializes in solution-focused work, cognitive behavior therapy, anxiety and trauma therapies and mindfulness-based stress reduction. We offer coaching in life, work transitions, finances, and spirituality. We work with individuals and couples experiencing relational and communication difficulties as well. We also offer faith-based counseling for the many client who wish to incorporate their faith into therapy.
(412) 910-2949 View (412) 910-2949
Photo of Katie Couch, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Katie Couch
Licensed Professional Counselor, M ED, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15241
“Fall in love with the process of becoming the very best version of yourself” Life can bring beautiful moments but also hardships and difficult experiences, through every experience is the opportunity for growth. If you are feeling overwhelmed with the difficult emotions that life can bring, I would love to help you feel heard. I am trained in an array of different modalities that can be tailored to fit your needs. I believe in providing a neutral safe space that allows comfort and growth through the therapeutic process. I would love to be a part of your journey to a better emotional well-being.
“Fall in love with the process of becoming the very best version of yourself” Life can bring beautiful moments but also hardships and difficult experiences, through every experience is the opportunity for growth. If you are feeling overwhelmed with the difficult emotions that life can bring, I would love to help you feel heard. I am trained in an array of different modalities that can be tailored to fit your needs. I believe in providing a neutral safe space that allows comfort and growth through the therapeutic process. I would love to be a part of your journey to a better emotional well-being.
(412) 990-1662 View (412) 990-1662
Photo of Judith Wilson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsburgh, PA
Judith Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15206
“Don’t ever make decisions based on fear. Make decisions based on hope and possibility” (M. Obama). Using specialized techniques, listening skills, and compassion, I want to help you repair the impact that fear, poverty, abuse, and trauma has had on your life. Whether it is PTSD, ADHD, domestic violence, childhood trauma, substance abuse, or sex worker/sex positive–kink allied therapy that you seek, I can help. I want to assist you in improving the quality of your life so that fear, emotional pain and suffering no longer have to control your life. You can learn to be in control of all these things. Start by giving me a call.
“Don’t ever make decisions based on fear. Make decisions based on hope and possibility” (M. Obama). Using specialized techniques, listening skills, and compassion, I want to help you repair the impact that fear, poverty, abuse, and trauma has had on your life. Whether it is PTSD, ADHD, domestic violence, childhood trauma, substance abuse, or sex worker/sex positive–kink allied therapy that you seek, I can help. I want to assist you in improving the quality of your life so that fear, emotional pain and suffering no longer have to control your life. You can learn to be in control of all these things. Start by giving me a call.
(412) 376-4918 View (412) 376-4918
Photo of Susan Rua, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Susan Rua
Licensed Professional Counselor, CADC, BA, MSPC, LPC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15211
Step by Step support offers both group and individual therapy so individuals may work out the underlying causes of their addiction problems in a comfortable and constructive environment. Individual therapy works to identify thoughts and behaviors that lead to substance abuse. Group therapy allows clients to work together on common experiences they share through their recovery and feedback with peer-to-peer input. Therapy includes: Family, Anger Management, and Interventions. We can also provide help with interventions, links to other resources in the recovery community, DUI assessments, and forensic assessments.
Step by Step support offers both group and individual therapy so individuals may work out the underlying causes of their addiction problems in a comfortable and constructive environment. Individual therapy works to identify thoughts and behaviors that lead to substance abuse. Group therapy allows clients to work together on common experiences they share through their recovery and feedback with peer-to-peer input. Therapy includes: Family, Anger Management, and Interventions. We can also provide help with interventions, links to other resources in the recovery community, DUI assessments, and forensic assessments.
(878) 206-0736 View (878) 206-0736
Photo of Cheri Allyson Fingeret, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Cheri Allyson Fingeret
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15241  (Online Only)
NOT accepting new clients until September. All sessions will take place on a HIPAA compliant video platform and will be conducted on my end from a secure location. All insurance companies are allowing video sessions. Copays, co-insurance and deductibles apply.
NOT accepting new clients until September. All sessions will take place on a HIPAA compliant video platform and will be conducted on my end from a secure location. All insurance companies are allowing video sessions. Copays, co-insurance and deductibles apply.
(412) 357-1223 View (412) 357-1223
Photo of Dr. Yisroel (Jonathan) King, Pre-Licensed Professional in Pittsburgh, PA
Dr. Yisroel (Jonathan) King
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15217
Yisroel is a clinician at Cardigan Psychological, LLC. He has had extensive training in providing child and adolescent individual therapy, structural family therapy, and school and home-based interventions. His experience includes working in therapeutic and educational settings with children and adolescents struggling with a variety of difficulties including behavioral disorders, depression, trauma, ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, anxiety, and many other mental health concerns.
Yisroel is a clinician at Cardigan Psychological, LLC. He has had extensive training in providing child and adolescent individual therapy, structural family therapy, and school and home-based interventions. His experience includes working in therapeutic and educational settings with children and adolescents struggling with a variety of difficulties including behavioral disorders, depression, trauma, ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, anxiety, and many other mental health concerns.
(724) 573-3647 View (724) 573-3647

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
77% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
66% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Highmark
74% Aetna
67% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA see their clients

60% In Person and Online
40% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
19% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Pittsburgh?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.