Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Naomi S Mark, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Naomi S Mark
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10025
Do you ever feel uncertain about how to navigate relationships and situations in your life? Have you struggled with disappointing relationships, chronic illness, anxiety or sadness ? I practice solution - focused therapy to help you find new ways to look at your life, relationships and circumstances, and to help develop a new perspective to improve your life. My approach is highly interactive , flexible, and fluid, as we work together to create your strategy to achieve lasting results. In many years of practice, I have helped people understand turning points in their lives, transform relationships and gain respect for their own capacity to cope, change and grow.
Do you ever feel uncertain about how to navigate relationships and situations in your life? Have you struggled with disappointing relationships, chronic illness, anxiety or sadness ? I practice solution - focused therapy to help you find new ways to look at your life, relationships and circumstances, and to help develop a new perspective to improve your life. My approach is highly interactive , flexible, and fluid, as we work together to create your strategy to achieve lasting results. In many years of practice, I have helped people understand turning points in their lives, transform relationships and gain respect for their own capacity to cope, change and grow.
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Photo of Cindy Kasovitz Sichel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Cindy Kasovitz Sichel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022
Are you feeling depressed, anxious, worried about work, life, love and relationships? Do you want to learn new tools to solve chronic problems with your spouse, lover, teenager, boss, or other difficult people in your life? Are you tired of having the same old argument with the people you love most, and looking for new solutions for harmony and comfort in your close relationships?
Are you feeling depressed, anxious, worried about work, life, love and relationships? Do you want to learn new tools to solve chronic problems with your spouse, lover, teenager, boss, or other difficult people in your life? Are you tired of having the same old argument with the people you love most, and looking for new solutions for harmony and comfort in your close relationships?
(646) 490-9944 View (646) 490-9944
Photo of Irina Simidchieva, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Irina Simidchieva
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I am a Licenced Clinical Social Worker, Psychotherapist, and Psychoanalyst. In a safe and non-judgmental environment, my patients have the chance to understand unconscious motivations, resolve relationship issues and change patterns of behaviors, manage stressors, gain support through major life transitions, and alleviate and manage anxiety and depression. In my clinical work, I utilize a creative, eclectic contemporary approach depending on the individual patient and their needs; but I always approach the clinical work from an integrative/psychodynamic/psychoanalytical perspective.
I am a Licenced Clinical Social Worker, Psychotherapist, and Psychoanalyst. In a safe and non-judgmental environment, my patients have the chance to understand unconscious motivations, resolve relationship issues and change patterns of behaviors, manage stressors, gain support through major life transitions, and alleviate and manage anxiety and depression. In my clinical work, I utilize a creative, eclectic contemporary approach depending on the individual patient and their needs; but I always approach the clinical work from an integrative/psychodynamic/psychoanalytical perspective.
(646) 906-9154 View (646) 906-9154
Photo of Caroline McKinley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Caroline McKinley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10028  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes when experiencing an event that is distressing to us we can feel consumed with unpleasant memories, thoughts and feelings. The only way we can begin to overcome the event is to self-reflect by gaining a better understanding of ourselves, triggers and strengths. I hope to offer my clients a partnered therapeutic relationship to explore what is preventing them from living a positive and meaningful life.
Sometimes when experiencing an event that is distressing to us we can feel consumed with unpleasant memories, thoughts and feelings. The only way we can begin to overcome the event is to self-reflect by gaining a better understanding of ourselves, triggers and strengths. I hope to offer my clients a partnered therapeutic relationship to explore what is preventing them from living a positive and meaningful life.
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Photo of Molly Fisher, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Molly Fisher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10128  (Online Only)
It's important to find space in your busy life - to think, to breath, to grow. With my collaborative approach, I can help you to find ways to create this space and explore what crowds you. In your work with me, you will find balance and relieve your distress I utilize a psychodynamic approach in my work, facilitating a safe space for non-judgmental exploration. What many may feel is negative, shameful or even wrong, can become an opportunity for growth, reflection, and renewal.
It's important to find space in your busy life - to think, to breath, to grow. With my collaborative approach, I can help you to find ways to create this space and explore what crowds you. In your work with me, you will find balance and relieve your distress I utilize a psychodynamic approach in my work, facilitating a safe space for non-judgmental exploration. What many may feel is negative, shameful or even wrong, can become an opportunity for growth, reflection, and renewal.
(646) 798-6415 View (646) 798-6415
Photo of Julia Passarelli in New York, NY
Julia Passarelli
MHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
Who looks outside, dreams; who looks inside, awakes - Jung. I am a very curious, detail-oriented, and interactive therapist, with an approach that is thoughtful conversational collaboration with the goal of understanding your 'why' and effectively assessing and creating a plan for how to move forward towards the change you are looking for.  In working with me, we will be addressing your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and how they effect your everyday life, and we will identify the barriers and patterns that you feel don't align with how you want to truly live your life.
Who looks outside, dreams; who looks inside, awakes - Jung. I am a very curious, detail-oriented, and interactive therapist, with an approach that is thoughtful conversational collaboration with the goal of understanding your 'why' and effectively assessing and creating a plan for how to move forward towards the change you are looking for.  In working with me, we will be addressing your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and how they effect your everyday life, and we will identify the barriers and patterns that you feel don't align with how you want to truly live your life.
(347) 658-5721 View (347) 658-5721
Photo of Eldercare New York, Inc in New York, NY
Eldercare New York, Inc
LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10033
The families I work with are dealing with caring for an aging or disabled relative. Often the issue is that their loved one can no longer function independently due to physical weakness or cognitive problems due to dementia or Alzheimer's Disease. The precipitating factor is often a hospitalization and rehabilitation in a facility. The family is at a loss as to how much care will be needed upon discharge, what will Medicare pay for, and where will the home care workers come from. I also work with individuals with early Alzheimer's Disease, who need different kinds of services, which is also very stressful for the family.
The families I work with are dealing with caring for an aging or disabled relative. Often the issue is that their loved one can no longer function independently due to physical weakness or cognitive problems due to dementia or Alzheimer's Disease. The precipitating factor is often a hospitalization and rehabilitation in a facility. The family is at a loss as to how much care will be needed upon discharge, what will Medicare pay for, and where will the home care workers come from. I also work with individuals with early Alzheimer's Disease, who need different kinds of services, which is also very stressful for the family.
(929) 470-7364 View (929) 470-7364
Photo of Jonathan Mathias Lassiter, Psychologist in New York, NY
Jonathan Mathias Lassiter
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
Accepting New Clients Now. Do you have a hard time recognizing and sitting with emotions? Questioning if your relationships are healthy? Maybe you feel stressed out by your co-workers or classmates who don’t get you because of your race or sexual orientation. Experiencing imposter syndrome? Is it getting harder to show up with joy because you are dealing with a chronic illness on top of everything else? If these things are getting in the way of you living your life the way you want, I’m here for you. Hello. I'm Dr. Jonathan Mathias Lassiter. But please, call me Jonathan. I'm a licensed clinical psychologist ready to help you.
Accepting New Clients Now. Do you have a hard time recognizing and sitting with emotions? Questioning if your relationships are healthy? Maybe you feel stressed out by your co-workers or classmates who don’t get you because of your race or sexual orientation. Experiencing imposter syndrome? Is it getting harder to show up with joy because you are dealing with a chronic illness on top of everything else? If these things are getting in the way of you living your life the way you want, I’m here for you. Hello. I'm Dr. Jonathan Mathias Lassiter. But please, call me Jonathan. I'm a licensed clinical psychologist ready to help you.
(347) 686-8245 View (347) 686-8245
Photo of Rosemary Powell-Ellis, Marriage & Family Therapist in New York, NY
Rosemary Powell-Ellis
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
My ideal client seeks self-exploration & understanding, facing issues like anxiety, depression, or relationship difficulties. They need a supportive space for personal growth, aiming to gain insight, develop coping strategies, improve communication, & foster healthy relationships. They aspire to enhance mental well-being, achieve a better life quality, & unlock their full potential.
My ideal client seeks self-exploration & understanding, facing issues like anxiety, depression, or relationship difficulties. They need a supportive space for personal growth, aiming to gain insight, develop coping strategies, improve communication, & foster healthy relationships. They aspire to enhance mental well-being, achieve a better life quality, & unlock their full potential.
(646) 832-4303 View (646) 832-4303
Photo of Danny Wang - Expansive Therapy, Counselor in New York, NY
Danny Wang - Expansive Therapy
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
There’s nothing I find more gratifying than helping my clients redefining purpose in their lives. While we are in a constant struggle with the expectations of others, we often lose sight of who we are ourselves. We negotiate, toil, and sacrifice—sometimes without even knowing why. That’s why as a counselor, I specialize in navigating conflict and transitions within careers, relationships, and self-esteem to help clients regain ownership and rediscover meaning in life.
There’s nothing I find more gratifying than helping my clients redefining purpose in their lives. While we are in a constant struggle with the expectations of others, we often lose sight of who we are ourselves. We negotiate, toil, and sacrifice—sometimes without even knowing why. That’s why as a counselor, I specialize in navigating conflict and transitions within careers, relationships, and self-esteem to help clients regain ownership and rediscover meaning in life.
(213) 583-5001 View (213) 583-5001
Photo of Stephanie Benjamin, Psychologist in New York, NY
Stephanie Benjamin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
Starting therapy for the first time or re-initiating therapy after a break can be intimidating. Whether you are seeking support during a difficult period of your life, healing after a traumatic event or loss, processing unresolved trauma, or deeper self-knowledge: therapy involves developing a trusting, collaborative relationship to collaboratively identify your strengths and foster a greater sense of self-awareness and self healing.
Starting therapy for the first time or re-initiating therapy after a break can be intimidating. Whether you are seeking support during a difficult period of your life, healing after a traumatic event or loss, processing unresolved trauma, or deeper self-knowledge: therapy involves developing a trusting, collaborative relationship to collaboratively identify your strengths and foster a greater sense of self-awareness and self healing.
(203) 787-8380 View (203) 787-8380
Photo of Nyx Melody, Counselor in New York, NY
Nyx Melody
Counselor, MA, EdM, LMHC
Verified Verified
15 Endorsed
New York, NY 10003
Are you exploring your gender, sexuality, alternative sexual practices and/or relationship dynamics? Have you tried to heal from your past trauma and been unable to feel more embodied and liberated? Do you find yourself feeling hopeless that you will ever find a sense of belonging or connection with others because your way of engaging in the world or an identity you possess is labeled as “other”? Would you like to live life with greater authenticity, self-compassion, empathy, and self-confidence? Are you looking to dismantle internalized oppression or privilege to be a more accountable partner in creating a more just society?
Are you exploring your gender, sexuality, alternative sexual practices and/or relationship dynamics? Have you tried to heal from your past trauma and been unable to feel more embodied and liberated? Do you find yourself feeling hopeless that you will ever find a sense of belonging or connection with others because your way of engaging in the world or an identity you possess is labeled as “other”? Would you like to live life with greater authenticity, self-compassion, empathy, and self-confidence? Are you looking to dismantle internalized oppression or privilege to be a more accountable partner in creating a more just society?
(878) 666-9186 View (878) 666-9186
Photo of Eugene Lee, Counselor in New York, NY
Eugene Lee
Counselor, LMHC, LPCC, MDiv
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10023  (Online Only)
Are you experiencing emotional and relational difficulties, betrayal trauma, religious trauma, anxiety, depression, or struggling to process traumatic experiences or challenging relationships? Do you feel like you are lost or that your life is stuck and you are not able to experience the joy of life? Are you feeling that your world has been turned upside down and are having difficulty finding stability? If so, I would like to offer you a safe, non-judgmental, collaborative, therapeutic, and supportive space to help you overcome these issues and move towards a state of relational, emotional, mental, spiritual, and behavioral health.
Are you experiencing emotional and relational difficulties, betrayal trauma, religious trauma, anxiety, depression, or struggling to process traumatic experiences or challenging relationships? Do you feel like you are lost or that your life is stuck and you are not able to experience the joy of life? Are you feeling that your world has been turned upside down and are having difficulty finding stability? If so, I would like to offer you a safe, non-judgmental, collaborative, therapeutic, and supportive space to help you overcome these issues and move towards a state of relational, emotional, mental, spiritual, and behavioral health.
(914) 342-7684 View (914) 342-7684
Photo of Dana Goren, Psychologist in New York, NY
Dana Goren
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
I am a clinical psychologist with over a decade of experience working with adults and children, in a multitude of cultures and settings. My treatment approach stems from my firm belief that we all have the capacity to lead fulfilling and meaningful lives, rich with experiences, emotions and relationships. Suffering associated with anxiety, depression and other emotional problems can be alleviated through attentive and collaborative psychotherapy work. In therapy I provide a safe and warm environment to jointly look into patterns of difficulties in dealing with feelings and relationships. From this place of reflection and exploration change and growth emerge.
I am a clinical psychologist with over a decade of experience working with adults and children, in a multitude of cultures and settings. My treatment approach stems from my firm belief that we all have the capacity to lead fulfilling and meaningful lives, rich with experiences, emotions and relationships. Suffering associated with anxiety, depression and other emotional problems can be alleviated through attentive and collaborative psychotherapy work. In therapy I provide a safe and warm environment to jointly look into patterns of difficulties in dealing with feelings and relationships. From this place of reflection and exploration change and growth emerge.
(646) 759-0063 View (646) 759-0063
Photo of Michael Indenbaum Rodriguez, Psychologist in New York, NY
Michael Indenbaum Rodriguez
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
Discussing your problems, your painful pasts, and current difficult situations can be quite challenging. I am committed to a dedicated approach of careful, empathetic listening and gentle inquiry to create a safe space where you can begin exploring your behaviors and feelings. Through this process, valuable insights emerge, paving the way for meaningful changes in your life. My primary goal is to assist you in making positive life changes by cultivating greater self-awareness and emotional flexibility.
Discussing your problems, your painful pasts, and current difficult situations can be quite challenging. I am committed to a dedicated approach of careful, empathetic listening and gentle inquiry to create a safe space where you can begin exploring your behaviors and feelings. Through this process, valuable insights emerge, paving the way for meaningful changes in your life. My primary goal is to assist you in making positive life changes by cultivating greater self-awareness and emotional flexibility.
(929) 494-1850 View (929) 494-1850
Photo of Dr. Nicole Benedicto Elden, Psychologist in New York, NY
Dr. Nicole Benedicto Elden
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10017
I applaud you on taking this important step in caring for yourself! Seeking help is not easy and requires hope and courage. As a psychologist for the past 17+ years, I have been privileged to share in the journey of many adults and couples as they navigate their emotions, identities and relationships. I am also a 1.5 generation immigrant (Filipina) and parent, interracially married, and comfortable with complexity and nuance. I know you are more than your roles, relationships and jobs. Together we will explore how to identify what may be getting in the way of you living a life of truth and authenticity based on your core values.
I applaud you on taking this important step in caring for yourself! Seeking help is not easy and requires hope and courage. As a psychologist for the past 17+ years, I have been privileged to share in the journey of many adults and couples as they navigate their emotions, identities and relationships. I am also a 1.5 generation immigrant (Filipina) and parent, interracially married, and comfortable with complexity and nuance. I know you are more than your roles, relationships and jobs. Together we will explore how to identify what may be getting in the way of you living a life of truth and authenticity based on your core values.
(929) 456-5696 View (929) 456-5696
Photo of Robert A Axel, Psychologist in New York, NY
Robert A Axel
Psychologist, PhD, CSAT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10014  (Online Only)
You want emotional intimacy but disappointment and blame distance you. You withdraw or act out sexually to avoid pain? Do romantic obsessions or resentment towards your partner/spouse fuel your inability to connect and feel loved? I reach out from my decades of experience with individuals and couples who are intimacy avoidant and I help resolve your past and present blocks to intimacy by facilitating the examination and change of life-long patterns in my safe office space. My willingness to listen, to observe, to enter your world with a structured understanding is my therapeutic strength that has transferred to online sessions.
You want emotional intimacy but disappointment and blame distance you. You withdraw or act out sexually to avoid pain? Do romantic obsessions or resentment towards your partner/spouse fuel your inability to connect and feel loved? I reach out from my decades of experience with individuals and couples who are intimacy avoidant and I help resolve your past and present blocks to intimacy by facilitating the examination and change of life-long patterns in my safe office space. My willingness to listen, to observe, to enter your world with a structured understanding is my therapeutic strength that has transferred to online sessions.
(646) 490-9986 View (646) 490-9986
Photo of Sari Kessler, Psychologist in New York, NY
Sari Kessler
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I am an experienced clinical psychologist and psychoanalyst treating adults and couples. My style is interpersonal, eclectic, and pragmatic. I believe therapy is a collaborative process that helps people address problems in their relationships and professional lives. In therapy, we work together so you can live a more meaningful and creative life with more choices and fewer symptoms.
I am an experienced clinical psychologist and psychoanalyst treating adults and couples. My style is interpersonal, eclectic, and pragmatic. I believe therapy is a collaborative process that helps people address problems in their relationships and professional lives. In therapy, we work together so you can live a more meaningful and creative life with more choices and fewer symptoms.
(347) 621-6651 View (347) 621-6651
Photo of James Caceres, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
James Caceres
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
The therapeutic relationship is of the utmost importance throughout the course of psychotherapy. I invite clients to form an affirming alliance, while providing a space for empathy, honesty, compassion, and empowerment. This includes addressing your mental health experiences through your own story. I believe in an integrative approach that helps identify your immediate needs and unique obstacles, and pathways towards your life goals. Through a culturally-informed practice, I will support you as we navigate interpersonal relationships and self-exploration.
The therapeutic relationship is of the utmost importance throughout the course of psychotherapy. I invite clients to form an affirming alliance, while providing a space for empathy, honesty, compassion, and empowerment. This includes addressing your mental health experiences through your own story. I believe in an integrative approach that helps identify your immediate needs and unique obstacles, and pathways towards your life goals. Through a culturally-informed practice, I will support you as we navigate interpersonal relationships and self-exploration.
(929) 930-4386 View (929) 930-4386
Photo of Steven Lecce, Counselor in New York, NY
Steven Lecce
Counselor, LMHC, LCMHC, NCC, C-DBT
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
Are you or your child struggling to navigate life transitions, grappling with stress, confronting depression, handling anxiety, dealing with trauma, or fighting addiction, know that these challenges can significantly impact your relationships, career, and everyday life. It's completely normal to seek a ray of hope for a better future. Rest assured, I'm committed to providing support and guiding you towards realizing that hope is not just conceivable, but attainable.
Are you or your child struggling to navigate life transitions, grappling with stress, confronting depression, handling anxiety, dealing with trauma, or fighting addiction, know that these challenges can significantly impact your relationships, career, and everyday life. It's completely normal to seek a ray of hope for a better future. Rest assured, I'm committed to providing support and guiding you towards realizing that hope is not just conceivable, but attainable.
(518) 749-4556 View (518) 749-4556

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.