Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Colleen Hawking, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Colleen Hawking
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
I believe clients are their own experts in life. I work collaboratively with them to increase self-awareness and understanding around thoughts, feelings, memories, and emotions in order to improve current and future functioning.
I believe clients are their own experts in life. I work collaboratively with them to increase self-awareness and understanding around thoughts, feelings, memories, and emotions in order to improve current and future functioning.
(773) 341-2877 View (773) 341-2877
Photo of Korey McWilliams, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Korey McWilliams
Counselor, MA, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
I work with individuals and couples with a variety of emotional and interpersonal concerns. I have a particular interest in working with issues around intimacy, sexuality, and identity. Sexual difficulties and dissatisfaction are surprisingly common. In fact, most of us will experience some sexual difficulties even in the best of relationships and at the best of times. However, misunderstood and unaddressed sexual difficulties can have a domino effect, negatively impacting how you view yourself, your partner, and your relationship. The result often entails unnecessary feelings of disconnection, frustration, anxiety, and shame, not to mention the loss of your sex life!
I work with individuals and couples with a variety of emotional and interpersonal concerns. I have a particular interest in working with issues around intimacy, sexuality, and identity. Sexual difficulties and dissatisfaction are surprisingly common. In fact, most of us will experience some sexual difficulties even in the best of relationships and at the best of times. However, misunderstood and unaddressed sexual difficulties can have a domino effect, negatively impacting how you view yourself, your partner, and your relationship. The result often entails unnecessary feelings of disconnection, frustration, anxiety, and shame, not to mention the loss of your sex life!
(312) 487-2555 View (312) 487-2555
Photo of KJ (Kristin) Hardy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
KJ (Kristin) Hardy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613  (Online Only)
Safety, acceptance, support, and challenge. These are what I offer as we collaborate on the road to thriving. Often we feel stuck, critical of ourselves, and hesitant to take steps toward change. The unfamiliar can frighten us into accepting our current circumstances. Let's work together and shift your feelings and thoughts that can lead you toward making changes in your life that get you to thriving! I work with people coping with anxiety, depression, PTSD, inaction, and a lack of connection. Often times folks have spent years of wondering 'what's wrong with me' or 'why can't I be happy'? I want to help you with these questions.
Safety, acceptance, support, and challenge. These are what I offer as we collaborate on the road to thriving. Often we feel stuck, critical of ourselves, and hesitant to take steps toward change. The unfamiliar can frighten us into accepting our current circumstances. Let's work together and shift your feelings and thoughts that can lead you toward making changes in your life that get you to thriving! I work with people coping with anxiety, depression, PTSD, inaction, and a lack of connection. Often times folks have spent years of wondering 'what's wrong with me' or 'why can't I be happy'? I want to help you with these questions.
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Photo of Lena Elkhatib, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Lena Elkhatib
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST
Verified Verified
12 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60642
Sometimes life can get rough. Relationships can feel disconnected or heavy with resentment and distrust. Sex and intimacy can get lost in the shuffle of every day. Babies can come along making life feel completely out of control. Through it all, maybe you feel like you just don’t have what it takes, or you feel stuck in cycles of worry, sadness or loneliness. Here’s the good news: CHANGE IS POSSIBLE. Better yet, you have within you what it takes to make it happen. Together through therapy we can work to identify, challenge and reimagine the undesirable aspects of your life and relationships, making space for something better.
Sometimes life can get rough. Relationships can feel disconnected or heavy with resentment and distrust. Sex and intimacy can get lost in the shuffle of every day. Babies can come along making life feel completely out of control. Through it all, maybe you feel like you just don’t have what it takes, or you feel stuck in cycles of worry, sadness or loneliness. Here’s the good news: CHANGE IS POSSIBLE. Better yet, you have within you what it takes to make it happen. Together through therapy we can work to identify, challenge and reimagine the undesirable aspects of your life and relationships, making space for something better.
(847) 383-0272 View (847) 383-0272
Photo of Denise K Netko, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Denise K Netko
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60611
In our modern world, many of us recognize the need to take time to slow down and get in tune with ourselves and our relationships. I actively engage with clients in a reflective process to explore current life stressors, challenges, & behavioral patterns. A relational framework is utilized to help guide clients through an exploration of how current and past relationships influence their lives. Within the context of a safe and trusting therapeutic environment, I help clients to identify the steps needed to overcome challenges and promote positive change.
In our modern world, many of us recognize the need to take time to slow down and get in tune with ourselves and our relationships. I actively engage with clients in a reflective process to explore current life stressors, challenges, & behavioral patterns. A relational framework is utilized to help guide clients through an exploration of how current and past relationships influence their lives. Within the context of a safe and trusting therapeutic environment, I help clients to identify the steps needed to overcome challenges and promote positive change.
(312) 756-7133 View (312) 756-7133
Photo of Cody Young, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Cody Young
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60618  (Online Only)
My focus has always been to support and empower marginalized people, specifically: queer and transgender people, people of color, sex workers, folks living with housing insecurity, and those affected by the prison system. My aim is to develop trust and create a space with you, where you feel safe to be and explore who you are as you develop new insights and skills to achieve and maintain sustainable emotional wellness.
My focus has always been to support and empower marginalized people, specifically: queer and transgender people, people of color, sex workers, folks living with housing insecurity, and those affected by the prison system. My aim is to develop trust and create a space with you, where you feel safe to be and explore who you are as you develop new insights and skills to achieve and maintain sustainable emotional wellness.
(773) 974-9669 View (773) 974-9669
Photo of Adam Hill, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Adam Hill
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
With the complexities in the world today, it can be tough to catch a breath, decompress, and process the events in our unique lives. As bandwidths are stretched thin, boundaries infiltrated, and burnout ever present, the pressures of our day-to-day lives can pile on top of each other, making it hard to find balance and reach our goals. These challenges do not need to be faced alone. If you are seeking support for anxiety, depression, trauma, relationships, grief, or addiction, together we will create a safe and collaborative space to face these challenges head-on, guiding you to feel more empowered, centered, and fulfilled.
With the complexities in the world today, it can be tough to catch a breath, decompress, and process the events in our unique lives. As bandwidths are stretched thin, boundaries infiltrated, and burnout ever present, the pressures of our day-to-day lives can pile on top of each other, making it hard to find balance and reach our goals. These challenges do not need to be faced alone. If you are seeking support for anxiety, depression, trauma, relationships, grief, or addiction, together we will create a safe and collaborative space to face these challenges head-on, guiding you to feel more empowered, centered, and fulfilled.
(708) 734-5938 View (708) 734-5938
Photo of Kristin Englund, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Kristin Englund
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
Do you recognize the acronyms TTC, IVF, GC, or TFMR? Are you on a reproductive journey? Maybe you've had a pregnancy loss or things haven't gone the way you expected along the way. Perhaps you have experienced grief while growing your family or in relationship with your own parents. You may be navigating your journey alone or with a chosen family. Intended parents, pregnant people, and non-birthing partners need support during these important life changes and challenges. If any of this resonates with you, let's talk more.
Do you recognize the acronyms TTC, IVF, GC, or TFMR? Are you on a reproductive journey? Maybe you've had a pregnancy loss or things haven't gone the way you expected along the way. Perhaps you have experienced grief while growing your family or in relationship with your own parents. You may be navigating your journey alone or with a chosen family. Intended parents, pregnant people, and non-birthing partners need support during these important life changes and challenges. If any of this resonates with you, let's talk more.
(773) 207-6820 View (773) 207-6820
Photo of LaKisha C Hudson, Counselor in Chicago, IL
LaKisha C Hudson
Counselor, PhD, LCPC, CRC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60629  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome to Dr. LaKisha Hudson's (Dr. KiKi) counseling space, where your journey is valued. As a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC), Registered Child Forensic Interviewer (RCFI), Certified Clinical Rehabilitation Counselor (CRC), Life Coach, and licensed K-12 School Counselor, Dr. KiKi specializes in holistic growth, embracing mind, body, and spirit.
Welcome to Dr. LaKisha Hudson's (Dr. KiKi) counseling space, where your journey is valued. As a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC), Registered Child Forensic Interviewer (RCFI), Certified Clinical Rehabilitation Counselor (CRC), Life Coach, and licensed K-12 School Counselor, Dr. KiKi specializes in holistic growth, embracing mind, body, and spirit.
(877) 936-6474 View (877) 936-6474
Photo of Steven A Migalski, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Steven A Migalski
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
In psychotherapy, I am a supportive listener who helps clients to uncover blind spots where difficulties lurk. I teach healthy coping strategies, and I coach people to try out new behaviors in their daily lives. I further help individuals, families, and couples to shore up inner resources to face life's challenges effectively and with a stronger sense of self-worth. I also guide individuals toward a better understanding of their feelings and emotional states. Finally, my approach focuses on breaking problematic interpersonal patterns and striving to be more autonomous and self-governing in one's day-to-day life.
In psychotherapy, I am a supportive listener who helps clients to uncover blind spots where difficulties lurk. I teach healthy coping strategies, and I coach people to try out new behaviors in their daily lives. I further help individuals, families, and couples to shore up inner resources to face life's challenges effectively and with a stronger sense of self-worth. I also guide individuals toward a better understanding of their feelings and emotional states. Finally, my approach focuses on breaking problematic interpersonal patterns and striving to be more autonomous and self-governing in one's day-to-day life.
(773) 492-6780 View (773) 492-6780
Photo of Andrea Martinez Cabrera, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Andrea Martinez Cabrera
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60625
Not accepting new clients
I am grounded in a holistic approach that takes into consideration and addresses all parts of your life: physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, environmental. These aspects affect your overall health. If you are unwell in one aspect of your life, all aspects of your life are affected. Thus, therapy is not one size fits all, and I tailor my approach in therapy to allow my clients the ability to empower themselves, support personal growth, and live their own authentic lives.
I am grounded in a holistic approach that takes into consideration and addresses all parts of your life: physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, environmental. These aspects affect your overall health. If you are unwell in one aspect of your life, all aspects of your life are affected. Thus, therapy is not one size fits all, and I tailor my approach in therapy to allow my clients the ability to empower themselves, support personal growth, and live their own authentic lives.
(773) 570-6370 View (773) 570-6370
Photo of Kaitlin Blakeney, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Kaitlin Blakeney
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CRC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60622
Kaitlin Blakeney's work has included supporting young adults managing major life decisions such as being new to the city, career uncertainty, managing dating stressors, setting boundaries in relationships, and increasing independence from parents. She also has worked extensively in supporting others through crisis, managing adults working on life skills and stressors, as well as those who have sustained traumatic brain injuries.
Kaitlin Blakeney's work has included supporting young adults managing major life decisions such as being new to the city, career uncertainty, managing dating stressors, setting boundaries in relationships, and increasing independence from parents. She also has worked extensively in supporting others through crisis, managing adults working on life skills and stressors, as well as those who have sustained traumatic brain injuries.
(773) 250-0535 View (773) 250-0535
Photo of Joan Liautaud, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Joan Liautaud
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601
What often brings one to psychotherapy is a sense that they have lost some sort of continuity, or familiarity that has contributed to a sense of wellness in their lives. In these losses, one finds themselves at a crossroads, or transition, where they feel alone, needing to explore their relationship with self and others, and often, in crisis for meaning in their lives. In these transitions, I believe psychotherapy provides the unique opportunity to explore how past experiences have contributed to one's current situation and importantly the space to identify one's current resources and understand how one wants to live going forward.
What often brings one to psychotherapy is a sense that they have lost some sort of continuity, or familiarity that has contributed to a sense of wellness in their lives. In these losses, one finds themselves at a crossroads, or transition, where they feel alone, needing to explore their relationship with self and others, and often, in crisis for meaning in their lives. In these transitions, I believe psychotherapy provides the unique opportunity to explore how past experiences have contributed to one's current situation and importantly the space to identify one's current resources and understand how one wants to live going forward.
(773) 923-0984 View (773) 923-0984
Photo of Mallory Mareski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Mallory Mareski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I approach therapy with the aim of fostering a healthy and strong therapeutic alliance to create a genuine and collaborative relationship to address life’s challenges together. I establish a non-judgmental and communicative space that allows us to explore challenging topics such as past trauma, stigma, emotional difficulties, and overwhelmed feelings. Together we will identify the impact of past experiences on current functioning, exploring the interplay of the physical, mental, and emotional.
I approach therapy with the aim of fostering a healthy and strong therapeutic alliance to create a genuine and collaborative relationship to address life’s challenges together. I establish a non-judgmental and communicative space that allows us to explore challenging topics such as past trauma, stigma, emotional difficulties, and overwhelmed feelings. Together we will identify the impact of past experiences on current functioning, exploring the interplay of the physical, mental, and emotional.
(708) 573-1920 View (708) 573-1920
Photo of Kierra Pickens, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Kierra Pickens
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60615  (Online Only)
As a clinician, my greatest satisfaction is derived from observing the progress of my clients. Let’s work together to create a comfortable and safe space that will allow you or family members/significant others to work towards issues and conflicts. My specialties include children and teens, relationship issues and mood disorders. Are you experiencing difficulty controlling emotions or behaviors? Do you feel that no one understands you? Have you been having a tough time with your child? Are you having relationship issues? My goal is to help individuals live healthy and stable lives through therapy.
As a clinician, my greatest satisfaction is derived from observing the progress of my clients. Let’s work together to create a comfortable and safe space that will allow you or family members/significant others to work towards issues and conflicts. My specialties include children and teens, relationship issues and mood disorders. Are you experiencing difficulty controlling emotions or behaviors? Do you feel that no one understands you? Have you been having a tough time with your child? Are you having relationship issues? My goal is to help individuals live healthy and stable lives through therapy.
(708) 586-8964 View (708) 586-8964
Photo of Maureen Rowley Barnett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Maureen Rowley Barnett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPH
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60615
I am interactive, relational and have a great respect for those who have the courage to ask for help. Most people contact me when feeling anxiety or depression due to life's challenges. My intent is to help you alleviate emotional distress as you access inner strength, identify options for change and implement a course of action. Though many of my clients are individuals I have a special interest in couple and family work.
I am interactive, relational and have a great respect for those who have the courage to ask for help. Most people contact me when feeling anxiety or depression due to life's challenges. My intent is to help you alleviate emotional distress as you access inner strength, identify options for change and implement a course of action. Though many of my clients are individuals I have a special interest in couple and family work.
(312) 626-0456 View (312) 626-0456
Photo of Kelly Lynn LeMaire, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Kelly Lynn LeMaire
Psychologist, PhD, HSPP
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
Waitlist for new clients
It is my true honor to walk with my clients in their journeys of growth and healing. In our work together, we’ll build a customized plan that will help you best reach your goals. This plan will include working together in session as well as home practice. I enjoy working with individuals and couples on a wide variety of concerns including trauma, impacts of discrimination, emotion dysregulation, depression, anxiety, panic, adjustment, relationship concerns, as well as various other life challenges. It is important to me to take into consideration my client's contexts, experiences, and identities as they shape our values and world.
It is my true honor to walk with my clients in their journeys of growth and healing. In our work together, we’ll build a customized plan that will help you best reach your goals. This plan will include working together in session as well as home practice. I enjoy working with individuals and couples on a wide variety of concerns including trauma, impacts of discrimination, emotion dysregulation, depression, anxiety, panic, adjustment, relationship concerns, as well as various other life challenges. It is important to me to take into consideration my client's contexts, experiences, and identities as they shape our values and world.
(872) 231-3882 View (872) 231-3882
Photo of Nicole Kujawa, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Nicole Kujawa
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60616
Hi, my name is Nicole. I am a third-year graduate student at DePaul University studying Clinical Mental Health Counseling. I am passionate about working with children and adolescents who have experienced trauma in their lives, struggling with life transitions, and anxiety and depression. I am invested in growing and adapting with you and exploring how we can grow together. I hope to work with individuals who want to explore healthy ways of coping when navigating through life experiences as well as learning how to heal from difficult experiences they have had.
Hi, my name is Nicole. I am a third-year graduate student at DePaul University studying Clinical Mental Health Counseling. I am passionate about working with children and adolescents who have experienced trauma in their lives, struggling with life transitions, and anxiety and depression. I am invested in growing and adapting with you and exploring how we can grow together. I hope to work with individuals who want to explore healthy ways of coping when navigating through life experiences as well as learning how to heal from difficult experiences they have had.
(708) 787-3670 View (708) 787-3670
Photo of Elise F Lennard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Elise F Lennard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW, ACSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
In 30+ years of practice, I have seen individuals, couples, and families dealing with a wide variety of concerns. I try to provide my clients with an accepting, supportive environment in which they can openly express themselves. I view therapy as a collaborative endeavor. In line with this, I see myself as actively engaging clients in a process of better understanding themselves and figuring out ways of making the changes they seek. I have extensive experience in psychodynamic psychotherapy, couple counseling, and family systems work, and see clients in short term solution-focused treatment as well as longer term intensive therapy.
In 30+ years of practice, I have seen individuals, couples, and families dealing with a wide variety of concerns. I try to provide my clients with an accepting, supportive environment in which they can openly express themselves. I view therapy as a collaborative endeavor. In line with this, I see myself as actively engaging clients in a process of better understanding themselves and figuring out ways of making the changes they seek. I have extensive experience in psychodynamic psychotherapy, couple counseling, and family systems work, and see clients in short term solution-focused treatment as well as longer term intensive therapy.
(773) 312-3556 View (773) 312-3556
Photo of Martin Prete, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Martin Prete
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60646
Knowing what you want for yourself and knowing how to attain is not always as clear as it may seem. Especially if experiencing difficult symptoms of mental health, then seeking out support from a professional can be invaluable to developing a higher quality of life. With our day to days full of work, school, and distractions, there may not be opportunity to reflect and evaluate what is needed, however, taking time for yourself to process and speak can be beneficial to bringing out clearity in the path ahead.
Knowing what you want for yourself and knowing how to attain is not always as clear as it may seem. Especially if experiencing difficult symptoms of mental health, then seeking out support from a professional can be invaluable to developing a higher quality of life. With our day to days full of work, school, and distractions, there may not be opportunity to reflect and evaluate what is needed, however, taking time for yourself to process and speak can be beneficial to bringing out clearity in the path ahead.
(708) 394-7516 x3 View (708) 394-7516 x3

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.