Therapists in Ashland, OR

Photo of Sarah DeMulder, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ashland, OR
Sarah DeMulder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I believe that you are the greatest expert on your life. I am merely here to help you unpack the layers to meet maximum potential and lead a life of meaning.
I believe that you are the greatest expert on your life. I am merely here to help you unpack the layers to meet maximum potential and lead a life of meaning.
(541) 425-7382 View (541) 425-7382
Photo of Kristen Lorange Caron, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Kristen Lorange Caron
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC, CDWF
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520
Not accepting new clients
I will have a few daytime openings coming up in January. Research shows the primary agent for positive change in counseling is the quality of the therapeutic relationship. I know sitting down with a relative stranger to discuss life concerns can be unsettling. My ability to establish a genuine connection with my clients helps them to feel at ease while engaging in therapy. Coupling empathy, creativity, and compassion, with evidenced-based practice, I address a variety of mental health issues including adjustment issues/life transitions, anxiety and depression, PTSD, shame, adolescent and women's issues.
I will have a few daytime openings coming up in January. Research shows the primary agent for positive change in counseling is the quality of the therapeutic relationship. I know sitting down with a relative stranger to discuss life concerns can be unsettling. My ability to establish a genuine connection with my clients helps them to feel at ease while engaging in therapy. Coupling empathy, creativity, and compassion, with evidenced-based practice, I address a variety of mental health issues including adjustment issues/life transitions, anxiety and depression, PTSD, shame, adolescent and women's issues.
(541) 667-9103 View (541) 667-9103
Photo of Margaret Ellen Warren, Marriage & Family Therapist in Ashland, OR
Margaret Ellen Warren
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520  (Online Only)
My skills as a psychotherapist of over 25 years continues a solid history in the healing arts as well as the performing arts. My experiences in both agency work and private practice includes treatment of young people, aduts, families and groups dealing with issues of depression, anxiety, sexual abuse, trauma, relationship dynamcis and many other concerns. In my experience working with the plethora of issues I have tailored treatment to meet individual needs toward resolution and healing.
My skills as a psychotherapist of over 25 years continues a solid history in the healing arts as well as the performing arts. My experiences in both agency work and private practice includes treatment of young people, aduts, families and groups dealing with issues of depression, anxiety, sexual abuse, trauma, relationship dynamcis and many other concerns. In my experience working with the plethora of issues I have tailored treatment to meet individual needs toward resolution and healing.
(541) 871-3605 View (541) 871-3605
Photo of Sunny Brown, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Sunny Brown
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520  (Online Only)
Compassion and curiosity are the starting place for our exploration. Life is inherently challenging and difficult, and we all suffer from hurts large and small, past and present. And most of us are plagued by a strong inner critic who thinks they are helping but often shames and limits us. I feel honored to work with people who are deeply examining the relationship they have to themselves and to the world. With a passion for inspiring individuals to claim their own personal excellence, my expertise is in understanding interpersonal dynamics, and successfully counseling individuals and groups into reaching their highest self.
Compassion and curiosity are the starting place for our exploration. Life is inherently challenging and difficult, and we all suffer from hurts large and small, past and present. And most of us are plagued by a strong inner critic who thinks they are helping but often shames and limits us. I feel honored to work with people who are deeply examining the relationship they have to themselves and to the world. With a passion for inspiring individuals to claim their own personal excellence, my expertise is in understanding interpersonal dynamics, and successfully counseling individuals and groups into reaching their highest self.
(458) 203-6451 View (458) 203-6451
Photo of Drew Snyder, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Drew Snyder
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Not accepting new clients
I create a compassionate and encouraging climate where clients from any background are empowered with the tools to explore necessary change in their lives and work toward growth and healthy development. I partner with clients in their journey of self-discovery by pursuing healing from and acceptance of the past; cultivating responsibility and building healthy relationships in the present, and discovering existential meaning for the future. Many individuals and couples experiencing issues such as relationship challenges, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, or trauma and childhood trauma have found success working with me.
I create a compassionate and encouraging climate where clients from any background are empowered with the tools to explore necessary change in their lives and work toward growth and healthy development. I partner with clients in their journey of self-discovery by pursuing healing from and acceptance of the past; cultivating responsibility and building healthy relationships in the present, and discovering existential meaning for the future. Many individuals and couples experiencing issues such as relationship challenges, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, or trauma and childhood trauma have found success working with me.
(402) 521-5789 View (402) 521-5789
Photo of Lexi Alma in Ashland, OR
Lexi Alma
MA
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Is it time to dive back in the most tender places in yourself, your family, your world? Want to make way for joy, live in the present moment and find your own definition of success? Want to stop participating in the madness and become part of the change that's needed in these times? Do you sometimes wonder if your anxiety, depression, fear, griefs are all yours? Maybe I can help. I believe we are all a bit crazy and that most of what ails us is the result of being part of a collectively sick culture and a dying paradigm of consumer culture, patriarchy and war. There is still beauty, possibility and hope-I can help you remember this.
Is it time to dive back in the most tender places in yourself, your family, your world? Want to make way for joy, live in the present moment and find your own definition of success? Want to stop participating in the madness and become part of the change that's needed in these times? Do you sometimes wonder if your anxiety, depression, fear, griefs are all yours? Maybe I can help. I believe we are all a bit crazy and that most of what ails us is the result of being part of a collectively sick culture and a dying paradigm of consumer culture, patriarchy and war. There is still beauty, possibility and hope-I can help you remember this.
(541) 854-3169 View (541) 854-3169
Photo of Next Chapter Counseling LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Next Chapter Counseling LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CADC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520
Not accepting new clients
We suck at dying. And dying is more than just physical death - it can also be loss, grief, or change to identity, experiences of trauma, and connections to self and others. Are you ready to find new meaning in life so you can enjoy your time with significantly reduced stress and fear? I am passionate about working with people who are actively preparing for death, navigating terminal illnesses, wanting to explore their relationship with death and the other side, and people who are experiencing grief and “little deaths” related to their identity, trauma, or life changes.
We suck at dying. And dying is more than just physical death - it can also be loss, grief, or change to identity, experiences of trauma, and connections to self and others. Are you ready to find new meaning in life so you can enjoy your time with significantly reduced stress and fear? I am passionate about working with people who are actively preparing for death, navigating terminal illnesses, wanting to explore their relationship with death and the other side, and people who are experiencing grief and “little deaths” related to their identity, trauma, or life changes.
(458) 225-5231 View (458) 225-5231
Photo of Cynthia Levesque: EMDR Intensives, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Cynthia Levesque: EMDR Intensives
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMHC, CADCIII
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
My clients are busy professionals who don't have time for therapy but would benefit from the relief it can provide. If your schedule is demanding and finding time every week to go to therapy seems impossible, working in an intensive format can be a much more efficient and effective approach. I specialize in anxiety, trauma and preverbal (early childhood) trauma, addictions, and performance, and frequently work with other health care professionals and folks in high stress, high demand positions. Because EMDR intensive sessions are not billed to insurance, no diagnosis is necessary.
My clients are busy professionals who don't have time for therapy but would benefit from the relief it can provide. If your schedule is demanding and finding time every week to go to therapy seems impossible, working in an intensive format can be a much more efficient and effective approach. I specialize in anxiety, trauma and preverbal (early childhood) trauma, addictions, and performance, and frequently work with other health care professionals and folks in high stress, high demand positions. Because EMDR intensive sessions are not billed to insurance, no diagnosis is necessary.
(458) 224-1161 View (458) 224-1161
Photo of Peter Erickson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Peter Erickson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I aim to serve people devoted to growing themselves and their communities. I often support clients working in helping professions, such as health care, education, non-profits, community services, and therapeutic programs. I can empathize with the demands of simultaneously being a parent, professional, and serving people in crisis. Many of us are 'wounded healers' in our own right, coping with inner struggles while caring for those around us. Healing occurs as we bravely confront our own inner difficulties, and that is a process I am passionate about supporting.
I aim to serve people devoted to growing themselves and their communities. I often support clients working in helping professions, such as health care, education, non-profits, community services, and therapeutic programs. I can empathize with the demands of simultaneously being a parent, professional, and serving people in crisis. Many of us are 'wounded healers' in our own right, coping with inner struggles while caring for those around us. Healing occurs as we bravely confront our own inner difficulties, and that is a process I am passionate about supporting.
(541) 238-9378 View (541) 238-9378
Photo of Stephen K Tardiff, Marriage & Family Therapist in Ashland, OR
Stephen K Tardiff
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, anger, self-esteem, body image, bullying, social media stressors, challenging relationships, work and/or school burn out, trauma, or any other issue that is affecting your life?
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, anger, self-esteem, body image, bullying, social media stressors, challenging relationships, work and/or school burn out, trauma, or any other issue that is affecting your life?
(206) 202-7123 View (206) 202-7123
Photo of Rhiannon Theurer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Ashland, OR
Rhiannon Theurer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520  (Online Only)
I work with neurodivergent (gifted, ADHD, autistic, highly sensitive, and more) adolescents and adults, as well as LGBTQ and gender creative people. Neurodivergent individuals often face unique challenges such as high levels of self-criticism, existential depression, and difficulty in finding peers. In addition, our sensitivity and intensity are often poorly misunderstood and misdiagnosed by mental health professionals.
I work with neurodivergent (gifted, ADHD, autistic, highly sensitive, and more) adolescents and adults, as well as LGBTQ and gender creative people. Neurodivergent individuals often face unique challenges such as high levels of self-criticism, existential depression, and difficulty in finding peers. In addition, our sensitivity and intensity are often poorly misunderstood and misdiagnosed by mental health professionals.
(541) 537-9414 View (541) 537-9414
Photo of Ryan Ginn, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Ryan Ginn
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520
Waitlist for new clients
I offer body centered, mindfulness based therapy for individuals wanting to get at the source of their symptoms whether that be anxiety, depression, or relational difficulties.
I offer body centered, mindfulness based therapy for individuals wanting to get at the source of their symptoms whether that be anxiety, depression, or relational difficulties.
(541) 527-7464 View (541) 527-7464
Photo of Judy Voruz, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Ashland, OR
Judy Voruz
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, QMHP-R, CADCII
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520
Waitlist for new clients
My clients come from diverse backgrounds and are struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship difficulties and substance abuse. They are looking for a counselor who supports them in creating real change in their daily lives. They engage in counseling to understand themselves and appreciate their innate goodness and well being. They seek contentment and an experience of inner freedom
My clients come from diverse backgrounds and are struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship difficulties and substance abuse. They are looking for a counselor who supports them in creating real change in their daily lives. They engage in counseling to understand themselves and appreciate their innate goodness and well being. They seek contentment and an experience of inner freedom
(458) 221-9815 View (458) 221-9815
Photo of Kasey Hayden, Professional Counselor Associate in Ashland, OR
Kasey Hayden
Professional Counselor Associate, MA, MEd, QMHP, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
I am passionate about being there for others helping them discover their strengths, build their resilience and increase their joy. My approach is client-centered and focuses on empathy, compassion, and being there for others so they feel truly seen. My hope is to meet clients where they are in each moment and help them find their inner strength to be their truest self. I am a wife, mother, and survivor of infertility that can relate to the struggles and joys of parenting and navigating relationships. I love to support parents, children, women and couples as they try to find their way during challenging times.
I am passionate about being there for others helping them discover their strengths, build their resilience and increase their joy. My approach is client-centered and focuses on empathy, compassion, and being there for others so they feel truly seen. My hope is to meet clients where they are in each moment and help them find their inner strength to be their truest self. I am a wife, mother, and survivor of infertility that can relate to the struggles and joys of parenting and navigating relationships. I love to support parents, children, women and couples as they try to find their way during challenging times.
(458) 203-8755 View (458) 203-8755
Photo of Casey Sims, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ashland, OR
Casey Sims
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! I support teenagers, young adults and adults navigating life challenges and transitions, including anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, behavioral health. I have advanced training in perinatal mental health and am honored to support those who are navigating conception, pregnancy, and postpartum. We will work together to identify the areas of your life that are working as well as the areas that you'd like support shifting. I work from a relational model and primarily use acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), internal family systems (IFS) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
Hello! I support teenagers, young adults and adults navigating life challenges and transitions, including anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, behavioral health. I have advanced training in perinatal mental health and am honored to support those who are navigating conception, pregnancy, and postpartum. We will work together to identify the areas of your life that are working as well as the areas that you'd like support shifting. I work from a relational model and primarily use acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), internal family systems (IFS) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
(541) 229-7494 View (541) 229-7494
Photo of Irene Gasde in Ashland, OR
Irene Gasde
MS, MiM, QMHP, CFEP
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Now accepting new individual clients & couples - both in person & virtually. Choosing a therapist who best meets your needs can be daunting. Ideally, this person is experienced and competent in your areas of concern, and their therapeutic style & personality make them well suited to match your preferences & comfort level. I offer a free consultation to help you decide if you would like to embark on this journey with me. My perspective is informed by a humanistic, bio-psycho-social worldview & a long practice of mindfulness. Change starts with curiosity that leads to greater awareness, which - in turn - reveals healthier choices.
Now accepting new individual clients & couples - both in person & virtually. Choosing a therapist who best meets your needs can be daunting. Ideally, this person is experienced and competent in your areas of concern, and their therapeutic style & personality make them well suited to match your preferences & comfort level. I offer a free consultation to help you decide if you would like to embark on this journey with me. My perspective is informed by a humanistic, bio-psycho-social worldview & a long practice of mindfulness. Change starts with curiosity that leads to greater awareness, which - in turn - reveals healthier choices.
(541) 256-2562 View (541) 256-2562
Photo of Delaine Due, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Delaine Due
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, ATR-BC, LAT, LPC
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Not accepting new clients
As a Board Certified Art Therapist I give my clients a safe space where expression without judgment is supported. I work with adolescents and adults in both brief and long-term art psychotherapy. I work with people to transform trauma and anxiety, as well as those questioning sexuality and gender identity. The modality and practice of art psychotherapy combined with my background in depth psychology create a therapeutic experience that supports your own internal wisdom in the process. I am also practical and provide immediate skills to my clients for managing stress, changing detrimental thought patterns and behaviors, and gaining insight.
As a Board Certified Art Therapist I give my clients a safe space where expression without judgment is supported. I work with adolescents and adults in both brief and long-term art psychotherapy. I work with people to transform trauma and anxiety, as well as those questioning sexuality and gender identity. The modality and practice of art psychotherapy combined with my background in depth psychology create a therapeutic experience that supports your own internal wisdom in the process. I am also practical and provide immediate skills to my clients for managing stress, changing detrimental thought patterns and behaviors, and gaining insight.
(541) 526-7358 View (541) 526-7358
Photo of Daniel Paul Sternberg, Psychologist in Ashland, OR
Daniel Paul Sternberg
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I work with a variety of emotional and psychological issues that include anxiety, depression, phobias, trauma, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, stress disorders, pain, physical problems related to stress and other issues, problems with relationships, and performance enhancement. I have taught thousands of people how to relax, reduce their stress, and release the emotions that prevent them from realizing and putting into action their true potential. My focus now is upon helping people quickly dissolve and/or release negative emotions and self-limiting beliefs that get in the way of living with a sense of fun and joy.
I work with a variety of emotional and psychological issues that include anxiety, depression, phobias, trauma, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, stress disorders, pain, physical problems related to stress and other issues, problems with relationships, and performance enhancement. I have taught thousands of people how to relax, reduce their stress, and release the emotions that prevent them from realizing and putting into action their true potential. My focus now is upon helping people quickly dissolve and/or release negative emotions and self-limiting beliefs that get in the way of living with a sense of fun and joy.
(541) 378-6759 View (541) 378-6759
Photo of Richard H Browne, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Richard H Browne
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Waitlist for new clients
Self-actualization is the humanistic idea that we all move toward our highest potential. Easier said than done as most of us get stuck, face difficulties in life, or struggle with specific mental health issues. I am dedicated to integrative, goal-oriented counseling based on acceptance, compassion and deeper understanding of self in order to change limiting thoughts and behaviors, gain relief from suffering and move forward. The most important aspect of our work together is building a relationship based on trust and respect so that you can achieve the positive action YOU desire.
Self-actualization is the humanistic idea that we all move toward our highest potential. Easier said than done as most of us get stuck, face difficulties in life, or struggle with specific mental health issues. I am dedicated to integrative, goal-oriented counseling based on acceptance, compassion and deeper understanding of self in order to change limiting thoughts and behaviors, gain relief from suffering and move forward. The most important aspect of our work together is building a relationship based on trust and respect so that you can achieve the positive action YOU desire.
(541) 229-4932 View (541) 229-4932
Photo of Rebecca Frey, LMFT at Ashland Family Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Ashland, OR
Rebecca Frey, LMFT at Ashland Family Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, QMHP
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Not accepting new clients
I strongly believe that we can all benefit from spending time and energy on attending to what we need to heal past hurts, understand unhelpful patterns, and ultimately move forward. I view my role as an ally and witness to your journey. I will contribute my expertise and support, offer techniques, add insight, and help hold space for strong emotions but I will respect that you are the expert of your story. I frequently work with individuals or families dealing with difficult transitions or relational issues. It is my goal to help you, your child, and/or your family function to your highest potential and live your happiest lives.
I strongly believe that we can all benefit from spending time and energy on attending to what we need to heal past hurts, understand unhelpful patterns, and ultimately move forward. I view my role as an ally and witness to your journey. I will contribute my expertise and support, offer techniques, add insight, and help hold space for strong emotions but I will respect that you are the expert of your story. I frequently work with individuals or families dealing with difficult transitions or relational issues. It is my goal to help you, your child, and/or your family function to your highest potential and live your happiest lives.
(541) 625-1882 View (541) 625-1882

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ashland, OR

200+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Ashland, OR who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
79% Trauma and PTSD
78% Self Esteem
75% Stress
72% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Oregon Health Plan (OHP)
57% Other
44% PacificSource

How Therapists in Ashland, OR see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

72% Female
24% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ashland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.