Photo of Nina Sultan, Art Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Nina Sultan
Art Therapist, ATR-BC, LCAT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11216  (Online Only)
My work aims to promote transformation in the relationship to yourself and others, resilience, personal insight, understanding your negative cycles, and relief from challenging feeling experiences.
Have you been feeling restless, anxious, or stuck? Whether it's being in the same routines, relationships, habits, behaviors, or feelings, breaking out of being uncomfortably comfortable can feel hard. In a world that demands so much juggling of chores and responsibilities, your feelings of joy seemed to have gotten lost. Good news, art psychotherapy (aka art therapy) can help! You do not need to have any creative skills to benefit from art psychotherapy. Art therapy is a unique approach for unearthing parts of us that have been lost, promoting playfulness, bringing clarity, and rediscovering strengths.
My work aims to promote transformation in the relationship to yourself and others, resilience, personal insight, understanding your negative cycles, and relief from challenging feeling experiences.
Have you been feeling restless, anxious, or stuck? Whether it's being in the same routines, relationships, habits, behaviors, or feelings, breaking out of being uncomfortably comfortable can feel hard. In a world that demands so much juggling of chores and responsibilities, your feelings of joy seemed to have gotten lost. Good news, art psychotherapy (aka art therapy) can help! You do not need to have any creative skills to benefit from art psychotherapy. Art therapy is a unique approach for unearthing parts of us that have been lost, promoting playfulness, bringing clarity, and rediscovering strengths.
(718) 866-4334 View (718) 866-4334
Photo of Tex Gibson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Tex Gibson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11206  (Online Only)
Specializing in LGBT/Kink/Poly/SW populations, I have extensive experience engaging with people across the spectrum of sexual orientation, gender expression, and power role identification. I provide a holistic, non-pathologizing counseling and sex therapy experience for individuals and partners that celebrates the diversity of consensual adult sexuality, identity, and relationship structures. My background includes +15 years as a member, mentor and educator in New York City’s sex positive and BDSM communities. Together we can explore how your life and general ways of being serve you...or fail to...and what can be done about it.
Specializing in LGBT/Kink/Poly/SW populations, I have extensive experience engaging with people across the spectrum of sexual orientation, gender expression, and power role identification. I provide a holistic, non-pathologizing counseling and sex therapy experience for individuals and partners that celebrates the diversity of consensual adult sexuality, identity, and relationship structures. My background includes +15 years as a member, mentor and educator in New York City’s sex positive and BDSM communities. Together we can explore how your life and general ways of being serve you...or fail to...and what can be done about it.
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Photo of Sil Si-Wei Chen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Sil Si-Wei Chen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11249  (Online Only)
I work particularly well with creatives and engineers wanting to address anxiety, self-esteem, career, relationship, and/or spiritual/existential issues.
Are you a creative, tender soul confronted with issues of self-worth and having trouble getting your needs met? Do you strive to ensure you're liked, accepted, and approved of at the expense of expressing your authentic self or pursuing what you truly desire? Are you your own worst critic, rarely giving yourself a break from the burden of shame, blame, and guilt? I believe in our true state of being, we are all already brilliant and whole. My job therefore is not to "fix" or "cure" you, but to help you reconnect with your innate resources so you can naturally heal and grow.
I work particularly well with creatives and engineers wanting to address anxiety, self-esteem, career, relationship, and/or spiritual/existential issues.
Are you a creative, tender soul confronted with issues of self-worth and having trouble getting your needs met? Do you strive to ensure you're liked, accepted, and approved of at the expense of expressing your authentic self or pursuing what you truly desire? Are you your own worst critic, rarely giving yourself a break from the burden of shame, blame, and guilt? I believe in our true state of being, we are all already brilliant and whole. My job therefore is not to "fix" or "cure" you, but to help you reconnect with your innate resources so you can naturally heal and grow.
(646) 759-0033 View (646) 759-0033
Photo of Maggie Dunleavy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Maggie Dunleavy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11238
Hi, I'm glad you're here! In my therapeutic practice, I work to support all clients in their exploration and healing around issues of gender identity, sex and sexuality, loss and grief, depression, anxiety, cultivating healthy relationships, and self-acceptance. I specialize in therapeutic work with queer and trans clients. I believe that the most important aspect of therapeutic work is the creation of an affirming and safe relationship between therapist and client. In this way, my approach as a therapist is one that first and foremost is warm, kind, and authentic.
Hi, I'm glad you're here! In my therapeutic practice, I work to support all clients in their exploration and healing around issues of gender identity, sex and sexuality, loss and grief, depression, anxiety, cultivating healthy relationships, and self-acceptance. I specialize in therapeutic work with queer and trans clients. I believe that the most important aspect of therapeutic work is the creation of an affirming and safe relationship between therapist and client. In this way, my approach as a therapist is one that first and foremost is warm, kind, and authentic.
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Photo of Annie Hirschman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Annie Hirschman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11242
In my therapeutic practice, I believe that healing is cultivated within the safety of a supportive and non-judgmental relationship. I find that this allows for individuals I work with to feel grounded in their truth as well as feel empowered to use the tools they gain through our work together. My practice offers relational, narrative, and psychodynamic approaches from a trauma-responsive lens. Through the development of a trusting therapeutic relationship, we will compassionately get to the center of challenging patterns and support you in your process to feel like your most authentic self.
In my therapeutic practice, I believe that healing is cultivated within the safety of a supportive and non-judgmental relationship. I find that this allows for individuals I work with to feel grounded in their truth as well as feel empowered to use the tools they gain through our work together. My practice offers relational, narrative, and psychodynamic approaches from a trauma-responsive lens. Through the development of a trusting therapeutic relationship, we will compassionately get to the center of challenging patterns and support you in your process to feel like your most authentic self.
(718) 550-6813 View (718) 550-6813
Photo of Juliet Spier, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Juliet Spier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11201  (Online Only)
I practice therapy because I believe relationships are the most important and powerful part of life. I'm invested in understanding who my clients are, building a relationship in which they feel known, and using that connection as a pathway out of shame. My clients often find common ground with me through unconventionality, humor, an appreciation for complexity, and an intersectional lens. I work with adults, teens, and relationship partners on issues relating to complex trauma, queerness and sexuality, ADHD, disability, and nontraditional and non-monogamous relationships.
I practice therapy because I believe relationships are the most important and powerful part of life. I'm invested in understanding who my clients are, building a relationship in which they feel known, and using that connection as a pathway out of shame. My clients often find common ground with me through unconventionality, humor, an appreciation for complexity, and an intersectional lens. I work with adults, teens, and relationship partners on issues relating to complex trauma, queerness and sexuality, ADHD, disability, and nontraditional and non-monogamous relationships.
(347) 609-7181 View (347) 609-7181
Photo of Lauren Ann Urban, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Lauren Ann Urban
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11249
I believe that the primary mechanisms for change are the relationship between client and therapist (relational approach) and the client's development of insight (insight-oriented approach) and agency (mindfulness-based and DBT approaches).
I believe that you are the architect and the builder of the life you want, and I want to be there to support you in that. I believe that you are more than your current struggles and more than a diagnosis. I believe that every person has the right to grow into the fullest, most expansive version of themself, and that it's never too late to start. I believe that every person has the innate capacity to create whatever lasting changes that they seek, and is deserving of the support they need to do so.
I believe that the primary mechanisms for change are the relationship between client and therapist (relational approach) and the client's development of insight (insight-oriented approach) and agency (mindfulness-based and DBT approaches).
I believe that you are the architect and the builder of the life you want, and I want to be there to support you in that. I believe that you are more than your current struggles and more than a diagnosis. I believe that every person has the right to grow into the fullest, most expansive version of themself, and that it's never too late to start. I believe that every person has the innate capacity to create whatever lasting changes that they seek, and is deserving of the support they need to do so.
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Photo of E Gueron, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
E Gueron
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCC-SLP
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11205  (Online Only)
The relationship and trust built between the therapist and client is paramount, and I will work to build a safe, nurturing environment where you can feel free to fully explore your concerns and curiosities.
Hi! My name is E and I am a licensed clinical social worker. I have worked with a multitude of clients presenting with depression, anxiety, histories of trauma, relationship issues, family issues, & issues related to gender identity and/or sexual orientation. With a background as a speech-language pathologist, I also spent many years working in nursing homes and outpatient rehabilitation centers. I am passionate about helping people reach their goals and fullest potential, engage in relationships that feel fulfilling and healthy to them, have a deeper understanding of themselves, and to create a life that feels meaningful to them.
The relationship and trust built between the therapist and client is paramount, and I will work to build a safe, nurturing environment where you can feel free to fully explore your concerns and curiosities.
Hi! My name is E and I am a licensed clinical social worker. I have worked with a multitude of clients presenting with depression, anxiety, histories of trauma, relationship issues, family issues, & issues related to gender identity and/or sexual orientation. With a background as a speech-language pathologist, I also spent many years working in nursing homes and outpatient rehabilitation centers. I am passionate about helping people reach their goals and fullest potential, engage in relationships that feel fulfilling and healthy to them, have a deeper understanding of themselves, and to create a life that feels meaningful to them.
(332) 455-1969 View (332) 455-1969
Photo of Juan Perez, Licensed Master Social Worker in Brooklyn, NY
Juan Perez
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11211  (Online Only)
I specialize in working with trans and queer-identifying individuals, couples, and families on issues pertaining to trauma, identity, self-esteem, relationship and communication issues, and chronic pain/disease. My clients have realized that there were issues in their life they would like to work through, but may not be able to yet fully understand the root causes and the extent of the impact of their issues. They also generally approach therapy with an understanding that often times our issues are directly related to capitalism and intersectional systems of oppression.
I specialize in working with trans and queer-identifying individuals, couples, and families on issues pertaining to trauma, identity, self-esteem, relationship and communication issues, and chronic pain/disease. My clients have realized that there were issues in their life they would like to work through, but may not be able to yet fully understand the root causes and the extent of the impact of their issues. They also generally approach therapy with an understanding that often times our issues are directly related to capitalism and intersectional systems of oppression.
(332) 877-9860 View (332) 877-9860
Photo of Vaughn McLaughlin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Vaughn McLaughlin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11238
I have clinical expertise in areas including: coming out, trans/queer identity exploration, HIV/AIDS and access to PrEP, alternative relationship structures including open/poly/ENM, phase of life issues, and emotional states including stress, grief, bereavement, depression, anxiety and PTSD.
I am a queer NB trans masc psychotherapist who focuses on the mental health and wellbeing of queer, trans and NB folks of all ages. While I work with people across the life span, I generally do not see people under 16. I also work with people navigating the spectrum of pregnancy, adoption and traversing LGBTQIA parenthood. I have been practicing social work for 15 years and am licensed in NY and Florida. I am anti racist, trans affirmative, sex positive, sw positive, body positive + kink allied. I use a psychodynamic approach in my work with clients incorporating elements of intersectionality, mindfulness and harm reduction.
I have clinical expertise in areas including: coming out, trans/queer identity exploration, HIV/AIDS and access to PrEP, alternative relationship structures including open/poly/ENM, phase of life issues, and emotional states including stress, grief, bereavement, depression, anxiety and PTSD.
I am a queer NB trans masc psychotherapist who focuses on the mental health and wellbeing of queer, trans and NB folks of all ages. While I work with people across the life span, I generally do not see people under 16. I also work with people navigating the spectrum of pregnancy, adoption and traversing LGBTQIA parenthood. I have been practicing social work for 15 years and am licensed in NY and Florida. I am anti racist, trans affirmative, sex positive, sw positive, body positive + kink allied. I use a psychodynamic approach in my work with clients incorporating elements of intersectionality, mindfulness and harm reduction.
(347) 809-5923 View (347) 809-5923
Photo of El Layla Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
El Layla Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11216  (Online Only)
My specialty is working with Black, brown and multi-ethnic, non-monogamous and QTGNC/questioning folks experiencing depression, anxiety/panic, complex trauma, and relationship or social transitions. In addition, I am experienced serving folks with a range of identities struggling with body image, disordered eating, substance misuse, self-harm, and chronic illness, including chronic pain and social stigma. I work particularly well with folks looking to decolonize their minds, relationships and lives, and generate new values-based, life-affirming constructs for themselves.
My specialty is working with Black, brown and multi-ethnic, non-monogamous and QTGNC/questioning folks experiencing depression, anxiety/panic, complex trauma, and relationship or social transitions. In addition, I am experienced serving folks with a range of identities struggling with body image, disordered eating, substance misuse, self-harm, and chronic illness, including chronic pain and social stigma. I work particularly well with folks looking to decolonize their minds, relationships and lives, and generate new values-based, life-affirming constructs for themselves.
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Photo of Brandon Weasenforth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Brandon Weasenforth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11226
I am skilled in providing psychotherapy services related to anxiety, depression, sexuality, gender identity, roles, and expression, and life transitions. My foundation is focused on the strength of the therapeutic relationship through affirmation, collaboration, and trust. Through these methods I aim to create an open, safe environment in which clients may discuss, reflect, and create paths towards self-understanding and acceptance. ***TGNC+ identifying individuals will be given priority when it comes to session availability.***
I am skilled in providing psychotherapy services related to anxiety, depression, sexuality, gender identity, roles, and expression, and life transitions. My foundation is focused on the strength of the therapeutic relationship through affirmation, collaboration, and trust. Through these methods I aim to create an open, safe environment in which clients may discuss, reflect, and create paths towards self-understanding and acceptance. ***TGNC+ identifying individuals will be given priority when it comes to session availability.***
(929) 556-2544 View (929) 556-2544
Photo of Benaifer Bhadha, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Benaifer Bhadha
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11215  (Online Only)
I believe that when you start therapy, you are forming a relationship with someone new.
My guiding principle as a therapist is deep listening without judgment (acknowledgement plus acceptance) so that people can feel the freedom to express themselves, explore their experiences and create authentic connection. I believe that listening is an essential tool in healing and feeling valued. My approach is trauma-informed and client-centered, with an anti-oppression lens. I am committed to the lifelong unlearning of colonial structures that are deeply rooted in mental health, and to holding space for others to unpack how societal and institutional structures have impacted their mental health and wellness.
I believe that when you start therapy, you are forming a relationship with someone new.
My guiding principle as a therapist is deep listening without judgment (acknowledgement plus acceptance) so that people can feel the freedom to express themselves, explore their experiences and create authentic connection. I believe that listening is an essential tool in healing and feeling valued. My approach is trauma-informed and client-centered, with an anti-oppression lens. I am committed to the lifelong unlearning of colonial structures that are deeply rooted in mental health, and to holding space for others to unpack how societal and institutional structures have impacted their mental health and wellness.
(929) 242-5810 View (929) 242-5810
Photo of Billy Parker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Billy Parker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11232  (Online Only)
Therapy is like any other relationship - it's important to find someone whose values and approach resonate with you. In my practice, therapy is a collaborative process between therapist and client. I see my role as that of a non-judgemental companion, someone who holds space and reflects you back to you. I am here to bear witness to your journey without judgment. My hope is to support you in exploring how the stories we are told, and tell ourselves, inform our worldview - our sense of self, relationships, and even our mood.
Therapy is like any other relationship - it's important to find someone whose values and approach resonate with you. In my practice, therapy is a collaborative process between therapist and client. I see my role as that of a non-judgemental companion, someone who holds space and reflects you back to you. I am here to bear witness to your journey without judgment. My hope is to support you in exploring how the stories we are told, and tell ourselves, inform our worldview - our sense of self, relationships, and even our mood.
(718) 747-9040 View (718) 747-9040
Photo of Sharon Casandra Gonzalez, Licensed Master Social Worker in Brooklyn, NY
Sharon Casandra Gonzalez
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11225  (Online Only)
It might be interpersonal relationships (platonic, romantic, sexual) you're struggling with or just the relationship to yourself.
You might not realize it yet but you know yourself better than anyone else. What I have found in my personal and professional experience is that the more connected and compassionate we are with ourselves, the more connected and compassionate we are to our surroundings. I am a Brown, queer, gender non-conforming, immigrant, psychotherapist. I practice from an anti-oppressive lens that acknowledges the impact of the many systems we navigate under everyday. Naming the impact along with an exploration of the self, can lead us to a deeper understanding of ourselves and our humanity.
It might be interpersonal relationships (platonic, romantic, sexual) you're struggling with or just the relationship to yourself.
You might not realize it yet but you know yourself better than anyone else. What I have found in my personal and professional experience is that the more connected and compassionate we are with ourselves, the more connected and compassionate we are to our surroundings. I am a Brown, queer, gender non-conforming, immigrant, psychotherapist. I practice from an anti-oppressive lens that acknowledges the impact of the many systems we navigate under everyday. Naming the impact along with an exploration of the self, can lead us to a deeper understanding of ourselves and our humanity.
(929) 205-8479 View (929) 205-8479
Photo of Berk L Milnarik, Mental Health Counselor in Brooklyn, NY
Berk L Milnarik
Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11216  (Online Only)
Some of my specialty areas are around anxiety and feeling overwhelmed, developmental and intergenerational trauma, queer identity, relationship issues, existential distress, and spiritual integration.
Therapy gives you an opportunity to transform and move toward a deeper understanding of yourself as life unfolds. Amidst times that may feel dark, overwhelming, or lacking vitality, anxiety and dissociation can manifest in so many ways that feel fragmenting and harmful to the self and body. We can be strongly defended against our unconscious wishes, fantasies, and unmet needs. How and why we behave, think, get stuck or feel fear, love, shame, and joy are layered with so much meaning. Together, we may find ways to build resilience, steps toward action, self-awareness, fulfilling connection, and a sense of wholeness.
Some of my specialty areas are around anxiety and feeling overwhelmed, developmental and intergenerational trauma, queer identity, relationship issues, existential distress, and spiritual integration.
Therapy gives you an opportunity to transform and move toward a deeper understanding of yourself as life unfolds. Amidst times that may feel dark, overwhelming, or lacking vitality, anxiety and dissociation can manifest in so many ways that feel fragmenting and harmful to the self and body. We can be strongly defended against our unconscious wishes, fantasies, and unmet needs. How and why we behave, think, get stuck or feel fear, love, shame, and joy are layered with so much meaning. Together, we may find ways to build resilience, steps toward action, self-awareness, fulfilling connection, and a sense of wholeness.
(845) 303-2176 View (845) 303-2176
Photo of Lauren Keiper in Brooklyn, NY
Lauren Keiper
LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11226  (Online Only)
I also work with people experiencing a variety of challenges, such as anxiety, depression, self-esteem, relationship stress, and trauma.
I offer my clients a nonjudgmental space where they can explore their feelings, learn more about themselves, and continue to grow. Life can often be challenging, and I like to help others feel confident in their ability to get through those tough times. I have training in cognitive behavioral, dialectical behavioral, and psychodynamic therapy. Every person is unique, and I collaborate with each client to develop a plan that is tailored to them.
I also work with people experiencing a variety of challenges, such as anxiety, depression, self-esteem, relationship stress, and trauma.
I offer my clients a nonjudgmental space where they can explore their feelings, learn more about themselves, and continue to grow. Life can often be challenging, and I like to help others feel confident in their ability to get through those tough times. I have training in cognitive behavioral, dialectical behavioral, and psychodynamic therapy. Every person is unique, and I collaborate with each client to develop a plan that is tailored to them.
(929) 205-4780 View (929) 205-4780
Photo of Ksenia Meshcheryakova, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Ksenia Meshcheryakova
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11223  (Online Only)
I support people going through life transitions, professional and relationship challenges and health-related issues.
Searching for the support of a trusted therapist to guide you through life's challenges? Look no further. I am a warm, engaging and active therapist. I bring curiosity and years of professional experiences to assist you in your healing journey.
I support people going through life transitions, professional and relationship challenges and health-related issues.
Searching for the support of a trusted therapist to guide you through life's challenges? Look no further. I am a warm, engaging and active therapist. I bring curiosity and years of professional experiences to assist you in your healing journey.
(646) 392-7933 View (646) 392-7933
Photo of Grey Perry, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Grey Perry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11237  (Online Only)
Studies consistently show that the most important part of effective therapy is a strong relationship between therapist and client. When you come to see me, establishing a supportive bond where you feel safe enough to be yourself and to take risks is my first priority. Together we will explore how different parts of you interact with one another, noticing and appreciating your resiliency, as well as the areas of pain and hurt. We will work together to create more internal harmony, improving relationships with others by starting with your relationship with yourself.
Studies consistently show that the most important part of effective therapy is a strong relationship between therapist and client. When you come to see me, establishing a supportive bond where you feel safe enough to be yourself and to take risks is my first priority. Together we will explore how different parts of you interact with one another, noticing and appreciating your resiliency, as well as the areas of pain and hurt. We will work together to create more internal harmony, improving relationships with others by starting with your relationship with yourself.
(347) 853-8609 View (347) 853-8609
Photo of Alex Shiflett, Counselor in Brooklyn, NY
Alex Shiflett
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11213  (Online Only)
I primarily find flow in insight driven exploration, Jungian based shadow work, dream interpretation, and collaborative relationship building.
I am a dream doula welcoming clients who have specifically been ostracized or misunderstood by the mental health industrial complex. Currently, services geared towards helping are explicitly gate kept by colonist practices, ableist perspectives, carceral state interventions, financial inaccessibility, treatment stigma, and other barriers rooted in the shameful, foundational practices of white supremacy and western culture. My work is specifically political, and intended to help clients cultivate a more liberated life. I curate space for healing as well as dream building.
I primarily find flow in insight driven exploration, Jungian based shadow work, dream interpretation, and collaborative relationship building.
I am a dream doula welcoming clients who have specifically been ostracized or misunderstood by the mental health industrial complex. Currently, services geared towards helping are explicitly gate kept by colonist practices, ableist perspectives, carceral state interventions, financial inaccessibility, treatment stigma, and other barriers rooted in the shameful, foundational practices of white supremacy and western culture. My work is specifically political, and intended to help clients cultivate a more liberated life. I curate space for healing as well as dream building.
(929) 531-5957 View (929) 531-5957
Relationship Issues Therapists
While need for human connection appears to be innate, the ability to form healthy, loving relationships is learned. Some evidence suggests that the ability to form a stable relationship starts to form in infancy, in a child's earliest experiences with a caregiver who reliably meets the infant's needs for food, care, warmth, protection, stimulation, and social contact. Such relationships are not destiny, but they are theorized to establish deeply ingrained patterns of relating to others. The end of a relationship, however, is often a source of great psychological anguish.