Photo of Christian Lamb, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Christian Lamb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32210  (Online Only)
Think back to the beginning of your relationship with your partner.
You're committed to your partner, but you don't know how to get back the trust and intimacy that has been lost. Communication is either lacking or has broken down into frequent arguments. It would be great if your partner would just understand you and your feelings, but the disconnect you now have is real and it feels like you just continue to drift further apart each day. It seems like your partner is a stranger now and that compatibility and friendship feels like it might be gone for good. This is scary to think that the love of your life, who you once felt a sense of safety and security with, no longer has your back.
Think back to the beginning of your relationship with your partner.
You're committed to your partner, but you don't know how to get back the trust and intimacy that has been lost. Communication is either lacking or has broken down into frequent arguments. It would be great if your partner would just understand you and your feelings, but the disconnect you now have is real and it feels like you just continue to drift further apart each day. It seems like your partner is a stranger now and that compatibility and friendship feels like it might be gone for good. This is scary to think that the love of your life, who you once felt a sense of safety and security with, no longer has your back.
(407) 337-0576 View (407) 337-0576
Photo of Natalie Ruge, Marriage & Family Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Natalie Ruge
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32256
Ready to make a change but not sure how to get started? Many of us are struggling with anxiety, sleep issues, feeling unmotivated and stuck. I will act as your guide in self discovery and encourage you to identify patterns of thoughts and behaviors that are holding you back. We will draw on your strengths and choose the direction you want to take in resolving personal, career and relationship challenges. We all want to be loved and valued in our relationships, but struggle at times with communication, intimacy, self esteem, or conflict. Disappointment and resentment build and our feelings about our partner change.
Ready to make a change but not sure how to get started? Many of us are struggling with anxiety, sleep issues, feeling unmotivated and stuck. I will act as your guide in self discovery and encourage you to identify patterns of thoughts and behaviors that are holding you back. We will draw on your strengths and choose the direction you want to take in resolving personal, career and relationship challenges. We all want to be loved and valued in our relationships, but struggle at times with communication, intimacy, self esteem, or conflict. Disappointment and resentment build and our feelings about our partner change.
(904) 651-5102 View (904) 651-5102
Photo of Dr. Justin D'Arienzo, Psychologist in Jacksonville, FL
Dr. Justin D'Arienzo
Psychologist, PsyD, MS, ABPP
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32217
Forensic & Board Certified Clinical Psychologist, Relationship & Addiction Expert, licensed in FL, TX, NM. Offering virtual services but will travel for specialized face-to-face extended services. When you make the decision to change, finding a competent professional with the right training & experience matters. I work with patients & couples seeking significant lifestyle changes. I will be with you each step of the way, providing you with the highest quality of care. Featured on TikTok & Instagram at dr.justindarienzo, TLC's My Strange Addiction, Lifetime's Killer Kids, ID's Twisted Sister, & Oprah's TD Jakes's Show.
Forensic & Board Certified Clinical Psychologist, Relationship & Addiction Expert, licensed in FL, TX, NM. Offering virtual services but will travel for specialized face-to-face extended services. When you make the decision to change, finding a competent professional with the right training & experience matters. I work with patients & couples seeking significant lifestyle changes. I will be with you each step of the way, providing you with the highest quality of care. Featured on TikTok & Instagram at dr.justindarienzo, TLC's My Strange Addiction, Lifetime's Killer Kids, ID's Twisted Sister, & Oprah's TD Jakes's Show.
(904) 715-4521 View (904) 715-4521
Photo of Juanita C Bruno, Marriage & Family Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Juanita C Bruno
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32216
I have over 15 years of experience servicing a variety of dynamics such as mother-daughter, husband-wife, and fiances preparing for a more committed relationship, and overall family dynamics. I provide a supportive and non-judgmental atmosphere where you can openly examine specific areas of concerns and flourish while breaching unsupportive and rigid pattern of interacting with others. I serve a limited number of individuals/families each day to ensure that you receive the individualized attention you deserve."
I have over 15 years of experience servicing a variety of dynamics such as mother-daughter, husband-wife, and fiances preparing for a more committed relationship, and overall family dynamics. I provide a supportive and non-judgmental atmosphere where you can openly examine specific areas of concerns and flourish while breaching unsupportive and rigid pattern of interacting with others. I serve a limited number of individuals/families each day to ensure that you receive the individualized attention you deserve."
(904) 587-2229 View (904) 587-2229
Photo of Michelle L Slater, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Michelle L Slater
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, NCC, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32225  (Online Only)
I work with individuals who are struggling with a variety of concerns, such as depression, stress, coping skills, behavioral change, anxiety, relationship issues, spirituality, and trauma.
"We must be willing to let go of the life we planned so as to have the life that is waiting for us." (Joseph Campbell). I believe the potential for change and growth lies within us all! I partner with my clients in removing the barriers that prevent them from achieving goals, fulfilling life purposes, and experiencing peace. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor, comfortable and experienced working with couples, families, groups, & individuals of all ages and diversity. My work focuses on healing the whole person- mind, body & spirit- and frequently includes existential, solution-focused, and cognitive-behavioral strategies.
I work with individuals who are struggling with a variety of concerns, such as depression, stress, coping skills, behavioral change, anxiety, relationship issues, spirituality, and trauma.
"We must be willing to let go of the life we planned so as to have the life that is waiting for us." (Joseph Campbell). I believe the potential for change and growth lies within us all! I partner with my clients in removing the barriers that prevent them from achieving goals, fulfilling life purposes, and experiencing peace. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor, comfortable and experienced working with couples, families, groups, & individuals of all ages and diversity. My work focuses on healing the whole person- mind, body & spirit- and frequently includes existential, solution-focused, and cognitive-behavioral strategies.
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Photo of Jacksonville Counseling Services, LLC, Marriage & Family Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Jacksonville Counseling Services, LLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32224
In addition, we work with couples who are in crisis as well as those seeking to enhance their relationship.
We are a group of 7 counselors who seek to strengthen all types of families and individuals with an approach that combines a Christian worldview with effective research-based modalities and interventions. People looking to be active in the change process will find a fit with our approaches. Owner Rebecca Maxwell is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and a Qualified Supervisor.
In addition, we work with couples who are in crisis as well as those seeking to enhance their relationship.
We are a group of 7 counselors who seek to strengthen all types of families and individuals with an approach that combines a Christian worldview with effective research-based modalities and interventions. People looking to be active in the change process will find a fit with our approaches. Owner Rebecca Maxwell is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and a Qualified Supervisor.
(904) 675-1063 View (904) 675-1063
Photo of Shreders and Associates, PLLC, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Shreders and Associates, PLLC
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32223
I believe an individualized treatment plan tailored to meet the specific needs of each client. I specialize in depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, relationship issues, self-esteem, peer relationships, anger management, codependency, coping skills, eating disorders, grief, women’s issues, children, family conflict, gender identity, gender dysphoria, and military families. My belief is that therapy should be a positive experience of growth for each individual and I encourage clients to collaborate with me as treatment progresses.
I believe an individualized treatment plan tailored to meet the specific needs of each client. I specialize in depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, relationship issues, self-esteem, peer relationships, anger management, codependency, coping skills, eating disorders, grief, women’s issues, children, family conflict, gender identity, gender dysphoria, and military families. My belief is that therapy should be a positive experience of growth for each individual and I encourage clients to collaborate with me as treatment progresses.
(904) 615-8314 View (904) 615-8314
Photo of Jennifer Jones, Marriage & Family Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Jennifer Jones
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32223  (Online Only)
I specialize in working with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, DV/abuse victims, family/relationship issues as well as military clients and their families.
Feeling stressed, anxious, or overwhelmed? Feeling numb or just not yourself? Feeling stuck in your life or relationships? I offer a safe environment in which you can gain support and guidance in navigating these difficult challenges. I am passionate about helping you to find solutions to your problems and build strong and healthy relationships in your life. I'm here to help you get through the tough times and feel like yourself again. As a therapist who specializes in relationships, I will help you discover ways to strengthen your connections with others or find healing from the pain that can often come from those connections.
I specialize in working with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, DV/abuse victims, family/relationship issues as well as military clients and their families.
Feeling stressed, anxious, or overwhelmed? Feeling numb or just not yourself? Feeling stuck in your life or relationships? I offer a safe environment in which you can gain support and guidance in navigating these difficult challenges. I am passionate about helping you to find solutions to your problems and build strong and healthy relationships in your life. I'm here to help you get through the tough times and feel like yourself again. As a therapist who specializes in relationships, I will help you discover ways to strengthen your connections with others or find healing from the pain that can often come from those connections.
(904) 295-1780 View (904) 295-1780
Photo of Sonia A Roberts, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Sonia A Roberts
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32211
Waitlist for new clients
I focus on empowering every client's journey towards change by building a positive therapist-client relationship, and creating a compassionate, caring, non-judgmental environment where you can express your concerns openly.
Sometimes we simply need a safe space to discuss our thoughts and feelings. Therapy can be a great way to explore problems that you have been unable to resolve on your own.
I focus on empowering every client's journey towards change by building a positive therapist-client relationship, and creating a compassionate, caring, non-judgmental environment where you can express your concerns openly.
Sometimes we simply need a safe space to discuss our thoughts and feelings. Therapy can be a great way to explore problems that you have been unable to resolve on your own.
(904) 548-3488 View (904) 548-3488
Photo of Dawn Lindner DiRito, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Dawn Lindner DiRito
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32256
I provide evidence-based therapeutic interventions to help overcome individual issues, family conflict, addiction-related challenges, relationship difficulties, and any type of trauma.
As a seasoned psychotherapist, my passion lies in fostering transformative healing experiences in therapy. With extensive experience, I offer a compassionate and client-centered approach, tailoring therapeutic interventions to the needs of the individual or couple. I aim to create an empathetic and supportive environment in which clients will grow emotionally and achieve lasting positive change.
I provide evidence-based therapeutic interventions to help overcome individual issues, family conflict, addiction-related challenges, relationship difficulties, and any type of trauma.
As a seasoned psychotherapist, my passion lies in fostering transformative healing experiences in therapy. With extensive experience, I offer a compassionate and client-centered approach, tailoring therapeutic interventions to the needs of the individual or couple. I aim to create an empathetic and supportive environment in which clients will grow emotionally and achieve lasting positive change.
(904) 822-1806 View (904) 822-1806
Photo of Katie Stuart, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Katie Stuart
Counselor, MS, LMHC, CIC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32223
Waitlist for new clients
I work with adults and adolescents as they learn to cope with issues including, but not limited to, body image and eating concerns, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, substance abuse, self-esteem, and trauma. I am trained in BRAINSPOTTING and use Brainspotting, CBT, mindfulness, interpersonal and relational-based therapy techniques in my work with clients. Coaching and counseling services are individualized based on the unique client's needs and goals.
I work with adults and adolescents as they learn to cope with issues including, but not limited to, body image and eating concerns, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, substance abuse, self-esteem, and trauma. I am trained in BRAINSPOTTING and use Brainspotting, CBT, mindfulness, interpersonal and relational-based therapy techniques in my work with clients. Coaching and counseling services are individualized based on the unique client's needs and goals.
(904) 674-8614 View (904) 674-8614
Photo of Rebekah Bell, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Rebekah Bell
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32205
Waitlist for new clients
When you’re equipped with the awareness you need to better understand your gifts and the true roots of intimacy (not just talking sex here), you’ll be on a confident new path for finding love that inspires and empowers you – a relationship that feels safe and peaceful.
As a dating therapist, I help people create a new road map for finding healthy love by learning to lead with their truest self. That all-consuming worry from thinking something is wrong with you that makes relationships SO hard keeps you up at night. While you’ve often thought maybe you're just meant to be single, you know that’s not what you really want. You’ve started seeing some patterns surface from past relationships and you’re either giving more love than you’re getting…or if they’re into you, you’re just not into them.
When you’re equipped with the awareness you need to better understand your gifts and the true roots of intimacy (not just talking sex here), you’ll be on a confident new path for finding love that inspires and empowers you – a relationship that feels safe and peaceful.
As a dating therapist, I help people create a new road map for finding healthy love by learning to lead with their truest self. That all-consuming worry from thinking something is wrong with you that makes relationships SO hard keeps you up at night. While you’ve often thought maybe you're just meant to be single, you know that’s not what you really want. You’ve started seeing some patterns surface from past relationships and you’re either giving more love than you’re getting…or if they’re into you, you’re just not into them.
(904) 309-9403 View (904) 309-9403
Photo of Shijuan Kelly - Relationship Coach, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Shijuan Kelly - Relationship Coach
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32225  (Online Only)
During our work together, we will break-up the relationship with fear which has entangled you.
I specialize in helping women who are high achievers/professionals and have struggled with failed relationships, as well as those who would like to develop personally and prepare themselves for marriage. After experiencing a break-up with a narcissist, manipulator, an abuser, or the like, some clients struggle with low self-esteem, anxiety, not knowing who they are or their purpose. If you see yourself in this description, and would like to leave the past behind, move forward, and learn how to improve your relationship with yourself and others, read the information below to discover what you can expect from working with me.
During our work together, we will break-up the relationship with fear which has entangled you.
I specialize in helping women who are high achievers/professionals and have struggled with failed relationships, as well as those who would like to develop personally and prepare themselves for marriage. After experiencing a break-up with a narcissist, manipulator, an abuser, or the like, some clients struggle with low self-esteem, anxiety, not knowing who they are or their purpose. If you see yourself in this description, and would like to leave the past behind, move forward, and learn how to improve your relationship with yourself and others, read the information below to discover what you can expect from working with me.
(904) 977-2079 View (904) 977-2079
Photo of Marci Stiles, Licensed Professional Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Marci Stiles
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32225
I specialize in helping couples get back to/or get to a great place.I would love to help you make your relationships- BETTER than they have ever been. I am one of the few blessed people who absolutely LOVES my career- and it shows in my dedication and my creativeness with my clients. I can help with communication, expectations and NPD (narcissistic personality disorder). Let me help you- have your best relationship. Your relationship does NOT have to be average/mediocre- let me help you have the closeness and intimacy you desire/deserve!Give me a call today!
I specialize in helping couples get back to/or get to a great place.I would love to help you make your relationships- BETTER than they have ever been. I am one of the few blessed people who absolutely LOVES my career- and it shows in my dedication and my creativeness with my clients. I can help with communication, expectations and NPD (narcissistic personality disorder). Let me help you- have your best relationship. Your relationship does NOT have to be average/mediocre- let me help you have the closeness and intimacy you desire/deserve!Give me a call today!
(214) 919-5874 View (214) 919-5874
Photo of Dr. Joseph Barron, Psychologist in Jacksonville, FL
Dr. Joseph Barron
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32202  (Online Only)
I also provide relationship counseling to help you and your partner(s) improve the quality of your connection.
While there are many therapists available, not all are the same. As a licensed clinical psychologist, I have completed some of the most rigorous training available and have years of experience providing care and teaching/supervising other therapists. I am passionate about helping my clients make lasting changes in their lives. I use evidence-based techniques that have been shown to work. I am rooting hard for you and care deeply about your outcomes. Free consultation and sliding scale available.
I also provide relationship counseling to help you and your partner(s) improve the quality of your connection.
While there are many therapists available, not all are the same. As a licensed clinical psychologist, I have completed some of the most rigorous training available and have years of experience providing care and teaching/supervising other therapists. I am passionate about helping my clients make lasting changes in their lives. I use evidence-based techniques that have been shown to work. I am rooting hard for you and care deeply about your outcomes. Free consultation and sliding scale available.
(210) 592-4862 View (210) 592-4862
Photo of Biyang Wang, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Biyang Wang
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32202  (Online Only)
I practice from a strength-based, insight-oriented, and collaborative approach individualized to meet the unique needs of each client. I offer an empathetic, supportive, and accepting environment for my clients to feel heard and understood while also challenged and inspired to take on new perspectives, ways of thinking, and daily practices. Therapy is a process that can provide tools to relieve immediate stress, but also an opportunity to explore the underlying meanings, behavioral patterns, and relationship dynamics in order to lead a life of authenticity and genuine fulfillment. My clients also strive to positively impact society.
I practice from a strength-based, insight-oriented, and collaborative approach individualized to meet the unique needs of each client. I offer an empathetic, supportive, and accepting environment for my clients to feel heard and understood while also challenged and inspired to take on new perspectives, ways of thinking, and daily practices. Therapy is a process that can provide tools to relieve immediate stress, but also an opportunity to explore the underlying meanings, behavioral patterns, and relationship dynamics in order to lead a life of authenticity and genuine fulfillment. My clients also strive to positively impact society.
(312) 410-8269 View (312) 410-8269
Photo of Collaborative Healing Partners, Marriage & Family Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Collaborative Healing Partners
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CAP
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32208  (Online Only)
We provide counseling to individuals, couples and families struggling with substance abuse issues, relationship difficulties, sexual identity issues, infidelity, electronics addiction, depression, anxiety, communication skills, assertiveness training, self-esteem and confidence building, parenting, career and life transitions, and family changes.
Collaborative Healing Partners believes that our client’s behaviors or presenting concerns will make sense once we understand the context of their behavior or situation. We partner with our clients to better understand their individual situations from their perspective and work to create a roadmap together to help them achieve their short term or long-term goals and begin living a more enriched/purposeful driven life. We specialize in the brief therapy model which seeks to provide our clients with permanent lasting changes in 10 sessions or less per presenting problem thus minimizing endless therapy.
We provide counseling to individuals, couples and families struggling with substance abuse issues, relationship difficulties, sexual identity issues, infidelity, electronics addiction, depression, anxiety, communication skills, assertiveness training, self-esteem and confidence building, parenting, career and life transitions, and family changes.
Collaborative Healing Partners believes that our client’s behaviors or presenting concerns will make sense once we understand the context of their behavior or situation. We partner with our clients to better understand their individual situations from their perspective and work to create a roadmap together to help them achieve their short term or long-term goals and begin living a more enriched/purposeful driven life. We specialize in the brief therapy model which seeks to provide our clients with permanent lasting changes in 10 sessions or less per presenting problem thus minimizing endless therapy.
(786) 244-7347 View (786) 244-7347
Photo of Lauren Capitini, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Lauren Capitini
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32256
Specialty areas include: relationship and family issues, infertility, infidelity, divorce, pre-marital counseling, women's issues, anxiety and depression, change of life, self-empowerment, career counseling, and co-dependency.
Life is full of moments where opportunity meets change. My desire is to better help you in embracing these opportunities for growth through proper support, encouragement, and skill building to help you achieve a happier, more balanced life. I'm a licensed mental health counselor and founder of Therapy By Design Professional Counseling Services. In counseling I work primarily with young adults and older, providing therapy for individuals, couples and families; utilizing many therapeutic approaches carefully designed to meet each individuals needs. My greatest joy is helping others move towards unlocking their greatest potential of self.
Specialty areas include: relationship and family issues, infertility, infidelity, divorce, pre-marital counseling, women's issues, anxiety and depression, change of life, self-empowerment, career counseling, and co-dependency.
Life is full of moments where opportunity meets change. My desire is to better help you in embracing these opportunities for growth through proper support, encouragement, and skill building to help you achieve a happier, more balanced life. I'm a licensed mental health counselor and founder of Therapy By Design Professional Counseling Services. In counseling I work primarily with young adults and older, providing therapy for individuals, couples and families; utilizing many therapeutic approaches carefully designed to meet each individuals needs. My greatest joy is helping others move towards unlocking their greatest potential of self.
(904) 572-4685 View (904) 572-4685
Photo of Julie F Mangus, Licensed Professional Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Julie F Mangus
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, MS, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32099
I work with a range of mental issues including, trauma, attachment issues, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, life transitions & addictions.
I believe that WE are in charge of the story we tell ourselves about the world around us...we get to decide. I use an eclectic, integrative approach to personalize therapy to fit your needs. I view it a privilege to join with you on your journey towards healing, growth & relief from whatever struggle you are facing. I aim to balance encouragement & support with effective therapy; working to help you remove the wreckage standing in your way. Life is tough enough & sometimes we need someone to help us regain our strength & confidence, and help us get back on track.
I work with a range of mental issues including, trauma, attachment issues, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, life transitions & addictions.
I believe that WE are in charge of the story we tell ourselves about the world around us...we get to decide. I use an eclectic, integrative approach to personalize therapy to fit your needs. I view it a privilege to join with you on your journey towards healing, growth & relief from whatever struggle you are facing. I aim to balance encouragement & support with effective therapy; working to help you remove the wreckage standing in your way. Life is tough enough & sometimes we need someone to help us regain our strength & confidence, and help us get back on track.
(615) 274-4177 View (615) 274-4177
Photo of Candice Ster, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Candice Ster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32224
Using a family systems perspective I help my clients better understand their relationship patterns, and therefore change them.
With over 25 years experience in the mental health field, I offer a wide variety of knowledge and consider myself an anxiety expert. I enjoy working with all age groups, especially children, tweens & teens alongside their families. I also specialize in working with young adults who are having difficulty navigating quarter-life and mid-life transitions, with my focus being on creating clarity and lowering anxiety. With my senior clients, I help them better establish boundaries and cope with health issues which can be overwhelming. I also bring a mindfulness/meditation element to my sessions to help client's focus on the present.
Using a family systems perspective I help my clients better understand their relationship patterns, and therefore change them.
With over 25 years experience in the mental health field, I offer a wide variety of knowledge and consider myself an anxiety expert. I enjoy working with all age groups, especially children, tweens & teens alongside their families. I also specialize in working with young adults who are having difficulty navigating quarter-life and mid-life transitions, with my focus being on creating clarity and lowering anxiety. With my senior clients, I help them better establish boundaries and cope with health issues which can be overwhelming. I also bring a mindfulness/meditation element to my sessions to help client's focus on the present.
(904) 297-8981 View (904) 297-8981

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Relationship Issues Therapists
While need for human connection appears to be innate, the ability to form healthy, loving relationships is learned. Some evidence suggests that the ability to form a stable relationship starts to form in infancy, in a child's earliest experiences with a caregiver who reliably meets the infant's needs for food, care, warmth, protection, stimulation, and social contact. Such relationships are not destiny, but they are theorized to establish deeply ingrained patterns of relating to others. The end of a relationship, however, is often a source of great psychological anguish.