Therapists in San Diego, CA

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Photo of Alissa Young, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Alissa Young
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92101  (Online Only)
I want YOU to WIN! Transitioning through adulthood without appropriate support and tools can leave you feeling anxious, burnt-out, and depressed. You may be in a place of frustration, as new situations and challenges have started to pile up - causing you to feel like you have “too much on your plate.” Overwhelmed and nervous about the future, you might be asking yourself “What do I do now?” Do you often reflect on your childhood and teenage years where things were just "easier." Navigating life is tough but it' NOT impossible. As a Black Female Therapist, I am here to help.
I want YOU to WIN! Transitioning through adulthood without appropriate support and tools can leave you feeling anxious, burnt-out, and depressed. You may be in a place of frustration, as new situations and challenges have started to pile up - causing you to feel like you have “too much on your plate.” Overwhelmed and nervous about the future, you might be asking yourself “What do I do now?” Do you often reflect on your childhood and teenage years where things were just "easier." Navigating life is tough but it' NOT impossible. As a Black Female Therapist, I am here to help.
(619) 612-5932 View (619) 612-5932
Photo of Saira Jhutty, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Saira Jhutty
Psychologist, Bsc, MSc, PhD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92107  (Online Only)
You've wanted to be a parent for as long as you can remember. But you never imagined that it would be this difficult. And after all the fertility clinics, hospital visits, and countless hours with doctors, you’re no closer to getting pregnant. So many things feel like they’re completely out of your control. Frustration is mounting, and fights with your partner are becoming more frequent. You wish you could talk about what you’re going through. But it’s such a private matter, and you don’t want to burden family and friends. Every day, your grief, shame, anxiety, and isolation grow. You know that something has to change, but how?
You've wanted to be a parent for as long as you can remember. But you never imagined that it would be this difficult. And after all the fertility clinics, hospital visits, and countless hours with doctors, you’re no closer to getting pregnant. So many things feel like they’re completely out of your control. Frustration is mounting, and fights with your partner are becoming more frequent. You wish you could talk about what you’re going through. But it’s such a private matter, and you don’t want to burden family and friends. Every day, your grief, shame, anxiety, and isolation grow. You know that something has to change, but how?
(619) 759-6536 View (619) 759-6536
Photo of Ashley Richter, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Ashley Richter
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92123
My name is Ashley Richter and I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in the Los Angeles, CA area and working with clients statewide via telehealth. The primary thing I want you to know is it's okay to not be okay. My goal is to create, safe, open, inviting spaces that promote open communication and trust to help you become the best version of yourself. I believe that we all have the tools within us to create the life we want to live. Each day is a chance to become the person you want to be.
My name is Ashley Richter and I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in the Los Angeles, CA area and working with clients statewide via telehealth. The primary thing I want you to know is it's okay to not be okay. My goal is to create, safe, open, inviting spaces that promote open communication and trust to help you become the best version of yourself. I believe that we all have the tools within us to create the life we want to live. Each day is a chance to become the person you want to be.
(858) 299-8924 View (858) 299-8924
Photo of Giselle Lopez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Giselle Lopez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92114
Hello, my name is Giselle Lopez, and I am a licensed clinical social worker with 17 years of experience. I specialize in helping clients with ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, and Grief. My passion is to help children, families, and individuals work through their challenges by teaching them new coping skills, working as a team to explore old patterns, and developing new ones to achieve a better balance in our mental health. My passion is working with children, especially those with Attention-Deficit, Hyperactivity Disorder, and working with their families who are having difficulties with relationship issues and school.
Hello, my name is Giselle Lopez, and I am a licensed clinical social worker with 17 years of experience. I specialize in helping clients with ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, and Grief. My passion is to help children, families, and individuals work through their challenges by teaching them new coping skills, working as a team to explore old patterns, and developing new ones to achieve a better balance in our mental health. My passion is working with children, especially those with Attention-Deficit, Hyperactivity Disorder, and working with their families who are having difficulties with relationship issues and school.
(619) 432-6683 View (619) 432-6683
Photo of Ginny Gutman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Ginny Gutman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92109  (Online Only)
Ready to conquer that life transition, anxiety/worry or improve your relationship? I specialize in helping people overcome anxiety, making successful life transitions, and making lasting relationship improvements.
Ready to conquer that life transition, anxiety/worry or improve your relationship? I specialize in helping people overcome anxiety, making successful life transitions, and making lasting relationship improvements.
(518) 503-0455 View (518) 503-0455
Photo of Kimberly Kelleher, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Diego, CA
Kimberly Kelleher
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92122
Through a warm, thoughtful, and non-judgmental approach I build relationships with adults who are suffering from depression, grief, anxiety, and the effects of traumatic events. These clients are willing to share their stories with someone that they trust. From there, they are eager to make healthy changes in their lives using the strengths they already have and the tools they learn in therapy. I will hold a calm space for your thoughts. I will be clear and honest about the methods that can be used to help you reach your goals.
Through a warm, thoughtful, and non-judgmental approach I build relationships with adults who are suffering from depression, grief, anxiety, and the effects of traumatic events. These clients are willing to share their stories with someone that they trust. From there, they are eager to make healthy changes in their lives using the strengths they already have and the tools they learn in therapy. I will hold a calm space for your thoughts. I will be clear and honest about the methods that can be used to help you reach your goals.
(858) 585-4189 View (858) 585-4189
Photo of Rozanne Miller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Rozanne Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92108  (Online Only)
I offer a warm, compassionate and supportive therapeutic alliance with my clients. I have 30 years of experience helping families and individuals. I welcome you to join me in a safe, positive healing relationship. Together we will explore and discover how to increase your sense of well being & emotional comfort, so that you can grow a life you love. I employ a strengths based eclectic approach using a combination of therapeutic modalities. I respect and consider my clients as partners on a journey towards integrating. I am a committed clinician who believes in every human being's capacity to become the person they aspire to be.
I offer a warm, compassionate and supportive therapeutic alliance with my clients. I have 30 years of experience helping families and individuals. I welcome you to join me in a safe, positive healing relationship. Together we will explore and discover how to increase your sense of well being & emotional comfort, so that you can grow a life you love. I employ a strengths based eclectic approach using a combination of therapeutic modalities. I respect and consider my clients as partners on a journey towards integrating. I am a committed clinician who believes in every human being's capacity to become the person they aspire to be.
(619) 329-9586 View (619) 329-9586
Photo of Preeti Presswala-Shah Gottman Couples Therapist, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Preeti Presswala-Shah Gottman Couples Therapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92121
I understand relationships are complex and they need to be nurtured. Couples can learn positive interactions and repair past hurts. Therapy helps to improve friendship, deepen emotional connection and creates change which help couples enhance their shared goals.
I understand relationships are complex and they need to be nurtured. Couples can learn positive interactions and repair past hurts. Therapy helps to improve friendship, deepen emotional connection and creates change which help couples enhance their shared goals.
(858) 295-7620 View (858) 295-7620
Photo of Celena Martinez, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Diego, CA
Celena Martinez
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92122
Celena Martinez (she/her/hers) is a licensed professional clinical counselor who provides individual, couples, and family therapy for the last 8 years. Celena obtained her Master of Science in Multicultural Counseling with an emphasis in Social Justice from SDSU in 2012. She has experience working with people of color and non- dominant communities in mental health settings. She has worked with clients within residential, intensive outpatient, community clinics, and university settings.
Celena Martinez (she/her/hers) is a licensed professional clinical counselor who provides individual, couples, and family therapy for the last 8 years. Celena obtained her Master of Science in Multicultural Counseling with an emphasis in Social Justice from SDSU in 2012. She has experience working with people of color and non- dominant communities in mental health settings. She has worked with clients within residential, intensive outpatient, community clinics, and university settings.
(858) 264-2332 View (858) 264-2332
Photo of Hoda Nabili, Counselor in San Diego, CA
Hoda Nabili
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92117  (Online Only)
Hi, My name is Hoda. I’m a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in California, providing individual therapy to clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in treating anxiety, depression, substance use, and OCD. Whether you’re new to therapy or not, I commend you for your motivation to make positive changes in your life. I know it’s not always easy. Like most people, I’ve gone through many challenges in life, and by facing those challenges, I have discovered my strengths. My wish as a therapist is to help individuals stay connected with their values and utilize their strengths to achieve their goals.
Hi, My name is Hoda. I’m a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in California, providing individual therapy to clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in treating anxiety, depression, substance use, and OCD. Whether you’re new to therapy or not, I commend you for your motivation to make positive changes in your life. I know it’s not always easy. Like most people, I’ve gone through many challenges in life, and by facing those challenges, I have discovered my strengths. My wish as a therapist is to help individuals stay connected with their values and utilize their strengths to achieve their goals.
(858) 422-3349 View (858) 422-3349
Photo of Mandy Pfaff, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Mandy Pfaff
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92108
My approach combines traditional psychodynamics with newer neuroscience-based techniques, which incorporate the mind-body connection. As an avid researcher, I pull from 30 years of practice and study in various additional psychotherapeutic and health disciplines-incorporating nutrition and movement-based strategies, yoga, meditation, biofeedback, energy psychology and expressive arts. I work with all ages, having had the privilege of treating clients from the age of 4 to 95.
My approach combines traditional psychodynamics with newer neuroscience-based techniques, which incorporate the mind-body connection. As an avid researcher, I pull from 30 years of practice and study in various additional psychotherapeutic and health disciplines-incorporating nutrition and movement-based strategies, yoga, meditation, biofeedback, energy psychology and expressive arts. I work with all ages, having had the privilege of treating clients from the age of 4 to 95.
(619) 612-5654 View (619) 612-5654
Photo of Christopher Booth, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Christopher Booth
Psychologist, Psy D
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92117  (Online Only)
Finding the right therapist can be a challenge, here is a little about myself to help make your decision. I am a licensed psychologist and specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and OCD-related disorders among adolescents and adults. I am licensed in both California and Arizona and am providing teletherapy online. I also have expertise in helping people cope with medical conditions or other life stressors that may affect mental health and happiness.
Finding the right therapist can be a challenge, here is a little about myself to help make your decision. I am a licensed psychologist and specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and OCD-related disorders among adolescents and adults. I am licensed in both California and Arizona and am providing teletherapy online. I also have expertise in helping people cope with medical conditions or other life stressors that may affect mental health and happiness.
(858) 251-6718 View (858) 251-6718
Photo of Jessica Ojeda, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Jessica Ojeda
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92101  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist that has provided psychotherapy, family therapy, and group services in English and Spanish for over nine years. I work with adults and families specializing in mental health and/or co-occurring disorders including depression, anxiety, trauma and chemical dependency. I utilize evidence-based approaches such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Solution-Focused therapy, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and brief therapy to help you decrease symptoms while developing more meaningful life experiences.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist that has provided psychotherapy, family therapy, and group services in English and Spanish for over nine years. I work with adults and families specializing in mental health and/or co-occurring disorders including depression, anxiety, trauma and chemical dependency. I utilize evidence-based approaches such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Solution-Focused therapy, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and brief therapy to help you decrease symptoms while developing more meaningful life experiences.
(510) 401-3608 View (510) 401-3608
Photo of Emmarose Turett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Emmarose Turett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92108
I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. I have a strong interest in supporting individuals struggling with symptoms of anxiety, depression, panic, post-traumatic stress, and those managing difficult life transitions, loss, and relationship/family conflict. I have training in treating trauma, grief, depression, and anxiety. I additionally have experience working with individuals and families in the foster care system, and am deeply passionate about minimizing systemic barriers to care faced by vulnerable populations.
I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. I have a strong interest in supporting individuals struggling with symptoms of anxiety, depression, panic, post-traumatic stress, and those managing difficult life transitions, loss, and relationship/family conflict. I have training in treating trauma, grief, depression, and anxiety. I additionally have experience working with individuals and families in the foster care system, and am deeply passionate about minimizing systemic barriers to care faced by vulnerable populations.
(619) 273-0514 x500 View (619) 273-0514 x500
Photo of Cynamon Weston, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Cynamon Weston
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103
I believe strong, healthy, and supportive relationships are the cornerstones of healing. Your sense of belonging, intention and feeling seen are at the heart my practice. My intention is to help you explore the adaptive patterns you have developed and work towards challenging the patterns you would like to shift. You are the experts of your own lives, I simply offer a new perspective and hopefully encourage you to find clarity in the areas of your life which are ambiguous, hurtful or distressing.
I believe strong, healthy, and supportive relationships are the cornerstones of healing. Your sense of belonging, intention and feeling seen are at the heart my practice. My intention is to help you explore the adaptive patterns you have developed and work towards challenging the patterns you would like to shift. You are the experts of your own lives, I simply offer a new perspective and hopefully encourage you to find clarity in the areas of your life which are ambiguous, hurtful or distressing.
(619) 350-4620 View (619) 350-4620
Photo of Center for Motivation and Change:California, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Center for Motivation and Change:California
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92121
The Center For Motivation and Change (“CMC”) is a unique outpatient private group practice with locations in NYC, Long Island, DC and San Diego. We are a team of experienced psychologists who are driven by an optimism about people’s capacity to change as well as a commitment to the science of change. Our clinicians are all deeply trained in research-supported therapies that target substance use/compulsive behaviors patterns as well as mental health issues such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)/complex trauma and anxiety/mood disorders. The cornerstone of our approach is motivational.
The Center For Motivation and Change (“CMC”) is a unique outpatient private group practice with locations in NYC, Long Island, DC and San Diego. We are a team of experienced psychologists who are driven by an optimism about people’s capacity to change as well as a commitment to the science of change. Our clinicians are all deeply trained in research-supported therapies that target substance use/compulsive behaviors patterns as well as mental health issues such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)/complex trauma and anxiety/mood disorders. The cornerstone of our approach is motivational.
(858) 212-0985 View (858) 212-0985
Photo of Catherine McRae, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Catherine McRae
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108  (Online Only)
Catherine "Cathy" McRae is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with over 10 years of experience. She is successful, knowledgable and well informed when working in settings that surround domestic violence (including financial, emotional, physical, and sexual abuse), parenting struggles, co-parenting (including ways to manage divorce when children are involved), and trauma.
Catherine "Cathy" McRae is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with over 10 years of experience. She is successful, knowledgable and well informed when working in settings that surround domestic violence (including financial, emotional, physical, and sexual abuse), parenting struggles, co-parenting (including ways to manage divorce when children are involved), and trauma.
(619) 613-2305 View (619) 613-2305
Photo of LaunchPad Career Counselors in San Diego, CA
LaunchPad Career Counselors
MEd
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92122
I have my Masters Degree in Educational Counseling with an emphasis in Career Development. My career interventions are outcome driven meaning I counsel to get results for you! I provide high quality career counseling services including career assessments to determine your vocational and/or educational path. I also provide resume and cover letter writing strategies, job searching strategies and interview preparation. I am not a career coach, anyone can be a career coach, rather I am a master degreed counselor specifically trained in career development.
I have my Masters Degree in Educational Counseling with an emphasis in Career Development. My career interventions are outcome driven meaning I counsel to get results for you! I provide high quality career counseling services including career assessments to determine your vocational and/or educational path. I also provide resume and cover letter writing strategies, job searching strategies and interview preparation. I am not a career coach, anyone can be a career coach, rather I am a master degreed counselor specifically trained in career development.
(760) 232-4294 View (760) 232-4294
Photo of Porscha Diaz, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Porscha Diaz
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92119  (Online Only)
I am so happy to have the opportunity to help guide you through your mental health journey. Sometimes we need a little help and that's ok. I provide a warm welcoming and supportive environment that fosters change. I help empower you to reach your goals and live the happy and healthy life you have been trying to attain. I have experience working with a multitude of mental health diagnosis, as well as a vas diversity of client populations. No matter what brings you to therapy you will have access to tools for change and a place to process all that life can throw at you. I ensure you feel heard and supported after each session.
I am so happy to have the opportunity to help guide you through your mental health journey. Sometimes we need a little help and that's ok. I provide a warm welcoming and supportive environment that fosters change. I help empower you to reach your goals and live the happy and healthy life you have been trying to attain. I have experience working with a multitude of mental health diagnosis, as well as a vas diversity of client populations. No matter what brings you to therapy you will have access to tools for change and a place to process all that life can throw at you. I ensure you feel heard and supported after each session.
(619) 383-2469 View (619) 383-2469
Photo of Haig Barsegian, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Haig Barsegian
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92127
I grew up in the state of Michigan and moved to California in the 60s. I decided to become a therapist in my 20's and received my B.A. in Psychology. However, I was single, working in the airline industry, and was enjoying the travel and postings in other countries. I lived and worked in Japan for 2 years and in Singapore for 2 years. I finally decided to pursue my lifelong interest and obtained my Masters's degree in Clinical Psychology and my license as a Marriage and Family Therapist in California.
I grew up in the state of Michigan and moved to California in the 60s. I decided to become a therapist in my 20's and received my B.A. in Psychology. However, I was single, working in the airline industry, and was enjoying the travel and postings in other countries. I lived and worked in Japan for 2 years and in Singapore for 2 years. I finally decided to pursue my lifelong interest and obtained my Masters's degree in Clinical Psychology and my license as a Marriage and Family Therapist in California.
(858) 422-3751 View (858) 422-3751

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Diego, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in San Diego, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
71% Self Esteem
66% Relationship Issues
66% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
62% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
74% Cigna and Evernorth
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Diego, CA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Diego?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.