Therapists in Murray Hill, New York, NY
Dr. Nicole Benedicto Elden
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10017
I applaud you on taking this important step in caring for yourself! Seeking help is not easy and requires hope and courage. As a psychologist for the past 17+ years, I have been privileged to share in the journey of many adults and couples as they navigate their emotions, identities and relationships. I am also a 1.5 generation immigrant (Filipina) and parent, interracially married, and comfortable with complexity and nuance. I know you are more than your roles, relationships and jobs. Together we will explore how to identify what may be getting in the way of you living a life of truth and authenticity based on your core values.
I applaud you on taking this important step in caring for yourself! Seeking help is not easy and requires hope and courage. As a psychologist for the past 17+ years, I have been privileged to share in the journey of many adults and couples as they navigate their emotions, identities and relationships. I am also a 1.5 generation immigrant (Filipina) and parent, interracially married, and comfortable with complexity and nuance. I know you are more than your roles, relationships and jobs. Together we will explore how to identify what may be getting in the way of you living a life of truth and authenticity based on your core values.
Na Li
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10017 (Online Only)
I strive to foster authentic therapeutic relationships with my clients through culturally inclusive, anti-oppressive, and trauma-informed care. I specialize in psychodynamic, intersectional, and holistic approaches to psychotherapy. My theoretical orientations draw from Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectic Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, and Nervous System Regulation to address trauma within the body. It would be my honor to be a part of my clients' healing journeys and help them gain the self-awareness and empowerment needed to live their authentic truths.
I strive to foster authentic therapeutic relationships with my clients through culturally inclusive, anti-oppressive, and trauma-informed care. I specialize in psychodynamic, intersectional, and holistic approaches to psychotherapy. My theoretical orientations draw from Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectic Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, and Nervous System Regulation to address trauma within the body. It would be my honor to be a part of my clients' healing journeys and help them gain the self-awareness and empowerment needed to live their authentic truths.
Michaela D'Urso
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10165
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
Christian J Churchill
Licensed Psychoanalyst, PhD, LP, FIPA
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10016
Listening defines my approach to your treatment. A major difference in working with a psychoanalyst as opposed to other mental health practitioners is the careful, consistent, deep attention a psychoanalyst gives to listening. Change can occur because the first emphasis of this treatment is understanding, rather than feeling pressured to "do" something. Psychoanalysts develop this skill by engaging in extensive institute training beyond that required for their license. My goal is for you to achieve substantive, durable change through a collaborative approach to understanding the deeper meanings and causes of problems you face.
Listening defines my approach to your treatment. A major difference in working with a psychoanalyst as opposed to other mental health practitioners is the careful, consistent, deep attention a psychoanalyst gives to listening. Change can occur because the first emphasis of this treatment is understanding, rather than feeling pressured to "do" something. Psychoanalysts develop this skill by engaging in extensive institute training beyond that required for their license. My goal is for you to achieve substantive, durable change through a collaborative approach to understanding the deeper meanings and causes of problems you face.
Samantha Sampath-Reynolds
Counselor, LMHC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10017 (Online Only)
I know personally that therapy may be difficult and uncomfortable, especially in the beginning. When I first sit with someone, I genuinely thank them for showing up, both for themselves, and for the therapeutic relationship we’ll work to develop. I want us to explore how your thoughts and feelings impact your behaviors, how your past experiences have shaped the way you relate to others and how you communicate. I want to celebrate progress with you, and to create a safe space for when you need more support.
I know personally that therapy may be difficult and uncomfortable, especially in the beginning. When I first sit with someone, I genuinely thank them for showing up, both for themselves, and for the therapeutic relationship we’ll work to develop. I want us to explore how your thoughts and feelings impact your behaviors, how your past experiences have shaped the way you relate to others and how you communicate. I want to celebrate progress with you, and to create a safe space for when you need more support.
Amanda Sacks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RYT 500
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10016 (Online Only)
Therapy, and life, are non-linear. In our work together you are welcomed to feel - to feel deeply, express, process, and with time move through your emotions. If you are living in a state of overwhelm, are struggling through transitions, or are feeling disconnected from your body, know that you are not alone. In our work together, we can explore where you are, what is impacting your mood, and how to create meaningful and lasting change. Whether you are dealing with recent challenges or want to process and find relief from older patterns, I will hold a supportive and compassionate space for growth, understanding and self-development.
Therapy, and life, are non-linear. In our work together you are welcomed to feel - to feel deeply, express, process, and with time move through your emotions. If you are living in a state of overwhelm, are struggling through transitions, or are feeling disconnected from your body, know that you are not alone. In our work together, we can explore where you are, what is impacting your mood, and how to create meaningful and lasting change. Whether you are dealing with recent challenges or want to process and find relief from older patterns, I will hold a supportive and compassionate space for growth, understanding and self-development.
Dr. Nick Fernandez
PhD
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10016 (Online Only)
I believe it is important to always take an individualized approach to therapy based on the specific needs of each of client. I like to take an active approach to therapy that incorporates contemporary clinical research findings with evidence-based therapeutic models. I integrate both psychodynamic psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy to provide a collaborative and supportive therapeutic experience.
I believe it is important to always take an individualized approach to therapy based on the specific needs of each of client. I like to take an active approach to therapy that incorporates contemporary clinical research findings with evidence-based therapeutic models. I integrate both psychodynamic psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy to provide a collaborative and supportive therapeutic experience.
Dr. Marni Rosner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10016
Are you struggling with a relationship? Are you finding it difficult to develop, maintain, or deepen your relationships - with partners, friends, family, or colleagues? Are you realizing your hopes and dreams?
Are you struggling with a relationship? Are you finding it difficult to develop, maintain, or deepen your relationships - with partners, friends, family, or colleagues? Are you realizing your hopes and dreams?
Jessica Meiman Psychotherapy
MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10017 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
You’re looking for a therapist who will get you and help you feel unburdened by emotional pain. You're ready to heal and better understand who you are - to feel more comfortable, confident, and content. In our work together, you’ll gain awareness of your emotions, where they come from, and what to do with them. We’ll work to alleviate your pain by exploring your patterns of relating to yourself and to others.
You’re looking for a therapist who will get you and help you feel unburdened by emotional pain. You're ready to heal and better understand who you are - to feel more comfortable, confident, and content. In our work together, you’ll gain awareness of your emotions, where they come from, and what to do with them. We’ll work to alleviate your pain by exploring your patterns of relating to yourself and to others.
Nicole Sarnataro
Mental Health Counselor, LMHC, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10017 (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
One of the hardest things we can do is notice when we’re feeling “stuck” and choose to make a change. Therapy can be a catalyst to help support you in recognizing these feelings, processing them, and creating the life you want. I wholeheartedly believe, that when we take steps to care for ourselves we can break the cycle of pain that keeps us feeling stuck. Starting therapy can be challenging and intimidating. I'm glad you've chosen to take this step for yourself.
One of the hardest things we can do is notice when we’re feeling “stuck” and choose to make a change. Therapy can be a catalyst to help support you in recognizing these feelings, processing them, and creating the life you want. I wholeheartedly believe, that when we take steps to care for ourselves we can break the cycle of pain that keeps us feeling stuck. Starting therapy can be challenging and intimidating. I'm glad you've chosen to take this step for yourself.
Luz Marina Bueno
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10006 (Online Only)
I believe that people’s behavior and mind are highly complex and, therefore, require a complex approach to develop self-awareness that translates into sustainable change. The therapeutic process needs time and patience before the shift of perception will be noticed. I understand therapy as fine-tuning between theoretical approaches, patient needs, genuine care, a non-judgmental environment, trust, and collaboration.
I believe that people’s behavior and mind are highly complex and, therefore, require a complex approach to develop self-awareness that translates into sustainable change. The therapeutic process needs time and patience before the shift of perception will be noticed. I understand therapy as fine-tuning between theoretical approaches, patient needs, genuine care, a non-judgmental environment, trust, and collaboration.
15 Second Videos
Nicole Benedicto Elden
Amanda Sacks
Nick Fernandez
Harrison Tract
Loren Soeiro
Stephanie Ringstaff
Tamanna Ahmad
Michelle Kohut
Healthy Minds NYC | Dr. Vanessa Coradin
Sheryl Odentz - Certified Career Counselor
Gaya Kodiyalam
Pierre Leon
Natalie Lawson
Nicole DeMealo, MHC-LP at Dr Fallon's Practice
Lindsay Huckaba
Srishti Nagpal, MHC-LP at Dr Fallon's Practice
Maryam Hasan
Joan Determann, LCSW at Dr. Fallon's Practice
Delilah Coles
Olivier Van Hauwermeiren
Christina Nolan
Fanchette Marguerat Degaard
Jessica C Parlor
Ariella Fershtadt
Lauren Alexandra Eavarone
Shannon Schureman - Insight And Action Therapy
Tanvi Malhotra, MHC-LP at Dr Fallon's Practice
Ebony Woney
Robin D. Stone
Lila Glantzman-Leib
Scott Ostrowski
Jennifer Leung, MHC-LP at Dr Fallon's Practice
Jessi Kupfer
Jocelyn Lee
Salina Grilli
Constance Rose
Dr. Alisa Rosenberg, Psy.D
Alyssa Hoyt
Junhong (June) Cao
Healthy Minds NYC | Delana Simon, LCSW
Erin Iwanusa
Tricia Etri
Healthy Minds NYC | Vanessa Baumback
J. Ryan Fuller
Susan Hart
Tara Donnino
Gisele Liakos
Sebrina Henderson
Johna Hansen
Lauren Constantini MHC-LP at Dr. Fallon's Practice
Erica Mantell Hamilton
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10017 (Online Only)
Do you feel you are riding an emotional rollercoaster? Alternatively, do you feel like you are living in auto-pilot, going through the motions in life without finding much satisfaction? Or maybe you are experiencing anxiety, depression, difficulty coping with past traumas, relationship or work difficulties, or are just feeling stuck. Although we may find ourselves surrounded by supportive family and friends, we may still feel alone and isolated in our distress. Pain in life may be unavoidable, but you don’t need to go through it alone.
Do you feel you are riding an emotional rollercoaster? Alternatively, do you feel like you are living in auto-pilot, going through the motions in life without finding much satisfaction? Or maybe you are experiencing anxiety, depression, difficulty coping with past traumas, relationship or work difficulties, or are just feeling stuck. Although we may find ourselves surrounded by supportive family and friends, we may still feel alone and isolated in our distress. Pain in life may be unavoidable, but you don’t need to go through it alone.
Morty Rosenbaum
Psychologist, PhD, CGP
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10017
Waitlist for new clients
For most of us, the struggles and symptoms that bring us to therapy – anxiety, depression, patterns that keep us unfulfilled in our relationships, at work, and at home – are there for good reason. As painful as these symptoms can be, they’re often protecting us, in their overzealous and maddening way, from quieter questions or conflicts that are tucked just behind them. At its best, therapy heals not by targeting the symptom but listening to it. The result is often not only recovery from symptoms, but a deeper sense of freedom and sturdiness in oneself, and a greater capacity to connect with others.
For most of us, the struggles and symptoms that bring us to therapy – anxiety, depression, patterns that keep us unfulfilled in our relationships, at work, and at home – are there for good reason. As painful as these symptoms can be, they’re often protecting us, in their overzealous and maddening way, from quieter questions or conflicts that are tucked just behind them. At its best, therapy heals not by targeting the symptom but listening to it. The result is often not only recovery from symptoms, but a deeper sense of freedom and sturdiness in oneself, and a greater capacity to connect with others.
Lindsay Mann
LMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10021 (Online Only)
I utilize a sensible, individualized approach pulling from various modalities that uncover significant experiences while giving you practical tools that can aid in your self-discovery. I emphasize a non-judgmental, authentic therapeutic relationship where you will feel safe to explore personal needs, take risks, and truly see what you are capable of. I recognize the humanity of all people, normalizing common day experiences and emotions such as anxiety, depression, or low self-esteem.
I utilize a sensible, individualized approach pulling from various modalities that uncover significant experiences while giving you practical tools that can aid in your self-discovery. I emphasize a non-judgmental, authentic therapeutic relationship where you will feel safe to explore personal needs, take risks, and truly see what you are capable of. I recognize the humanity of all people, normalizing common day experiences and emotions such as anxiety, depression, or low self-esteem.
Joseph Fifield
Counselor, LMHC, MSEd
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10016 (Online Only)
I aspire to create a space that is welcoming, safe, non-judgmental, empathic and introspective. My goal is to help you learn about yourself and how you relate to others so that you can make positive improvements that are lasting. Therapy can be challenging; but my belief is that through this meaningful work you will develop a deeper sense of self and awareness of strengths that may have gone undiscovered to this point. In therapy, issues to be resolved will be addressed with the idea that self-awareness leads to choice, responsibility and change.
I aspire to create a space that is welcoming, safe, non-judgmental, empathic and introspective. My goal is to help you learn about yourself and how you relate to others so that you can make positive improvements that are lasting. Therapy can be challenging; but my belief is that through this meaningful work you will develop a deeper sense of self and awareness of strengths that may have gone undiscovered to this point. In therapy, issues to be resolved will be addressed with the idea that self-awareness leads to choice, responsibility and change.
Paula Konnor-Jorn
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10017
In practice I use a pragmatic, results-oriented approach and am not tethered to one particular psychoanalytic modality. Rather, recognizing each patient has unique needs, I draw from many therapeutic approaches that best fit each patient. In my practice, I can quickly assess which techniques will work best to meet each client's individual needs to show patients that they can have the right tools to reach their optimal comfort level in their careers, families, and relationships. The goal is bridging the gap and finding the most productive pathway between where clients are and where they want to be.
In practice I use a pragmatic, results-oriented approach and am not tethered to one particular psychoanalytic modality. Rather, recognizing each patient has unique needs, I draw from many therapeutic approaches that best fit each patient. In my practice, I can quickly assess which techniques will work best to meet each client's individual needs to show patients that they can have the right tools to reach their optimal comfort level in their careers, families, and relationships. The goal is bridging the gap and finding the most productive pathway between where clients are and where they want to be.
Heidi Frieze
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10016
I believe that each of us has the potential to experience wholeness. Many of us, early on, were forced to exile parts of ourselves, leaving us feeling constricted, fragmented, less than whole. One element of my work is helping people reclaim these lost aspects of self. Using an experiential psychodynamic approach I help people to deal with problematic issues from their current lives as well as to process difficult experiences from their past.
I believe that each of us has the potential to experience wholeness. Many of us, early on, were forced to exile parts of ourselves, leaving us feeling constricted, fragmented, less than whole. One element of my work is helping people reclaim these lost aspects of self. Using an experiential psychodynamic approach I help people to deal with problematic issues from their current lives as well as to process difficult experiences from their past.
Glenn Marron
Psychologist, PhD, PLLC
Verified Verified
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10016
As a solution-focused, mindfulness based cognitive/behavioral psychologist, I work by collaborating with you to identify problem areas and devise manageable strategies in the service of gradual, stepwise change. Our work looks at perceptions, thoughts, feelings and behavior and helps you alter and manage these. The fact that you are indeed able to make change becomes surprisingly clear to you, and it is done at a pace that feels workable.
As a solution-focused, mindfulness based cognitive/behavioral psychologist, I work by collaborating with you to identify problem areas and devise manageable strategies in the service of gradual, stepwise change. Our work looks at perceptions, thoughts, feelings and behavior and helps you alter and manage these. The fact that you are indeed able to make change becomes surprisingly clear to you, and it is done at a pace that feels workable.
Sydney Rose
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10019
Grief can impact every aspect of life: relationships, behaviors, thoughts and emotions. If you've experienced something that broke your spirit, you can't keep going the way you were before. But major losses and transitions in life can also open up possibilities for big transformations. They can point you towards more meaning, connection and vitality than you've experienced before. If you're stuck in shame, loneliness, fear or doubt that seems immovable, a trauma focused approach to therapy might just be what you need help make a shift.
Grief can impact every aspect of life: relationships, behaviors, thoughts and emotions. If you've experienced something that broke your spirit, you can't keep going the way you were before. But major losses and transitions in life can also open up possibilities for big transformations. They can point you towards more meaning, connection and vitality than you've experienced before. If you're stuck in shame, loneliness, fear or doubt that seems immovable, a trauma focused approach to therapy might just be what you need help make a shift.
Harrison Tract
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Murray Hill, New York, NY 10016
Harrison Tract is a licensed psychotherapist whose compassionate and collaborative approach is grounded in the belief that his clients are the experts when it comes to their own lives and stories, and he thus works to consistently meet them exactly where they are. His greatest pleasure is learning about people's lives – where they are now, how they got there and where they would like to be tomorrow.
Harrison Tract is a licensed psychotherapist whose compassionate and collaborative approach is grounded in the belief that his clients are the experts when it comes to their own lives and stories, and he thus works to consistently meet them exactly where they are. His greatest pleasure is learning about people's lives – where they are now, how they got there and where they would like to be tomorrow.
See more therapy options for Murray Hill, New York
Nearby Searches for Murray Hill, New York
- Flatiron
- Garment District
- Gramercy Park
- Grand Central
- Hell's Kitchen
- Kips Bay
- Midtown
- Midtown East
- North Sutton Area
- Sutton Place
- Tudor City
- Turtle Bay
How does your Therapist compare?
Number of Therapists in Murray Hill, New York, NY
1,000+
Average cost per session
$200
Therapists in Murray Hill, New York, NY who prioritize treating:
95% | Anxiety |
90% | Depression |
82% | Relationship Issues |
74% | Self Esteem |
68% | Stress |
67% | Trauma and PTSD |
65% | Grief |
Average years in practice
12 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
77% | Aetna |
59% | Cigna and Evernorth |
50% | UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH |
How Therapists in Murray Hill, New York, NY see their clients
65% | In Person and Online | |
35% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
78% | Female | |
21% | Male | |
1% | Non-Binary |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling
How can I find a therapist in Murray Hill, New York?
Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?
Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.