Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Maria Ruiz De Toro, Counselor in New York, NY
Maria Ruiz De Toro
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10013
As the founder of Insightful Mental Health Counseling, I offer clinical services to treat different mental health needs such as depression, anxiety, psychosomatic illness, psychological aspects of autoimmune issues, trauma, relationships and ADHD related issues. If you are struggling with these issues, I can assist you in understanding and managing your emotions and symptoms. I can help you advocate for yourself and develop a life plan to achieve your professional, personal and academic goals.
As the founder of Insightful Mental Health Counseling, I offer clinical services to treat different mental health needs such as depression, anxiety, psychosomatic illness, psychological aspects of autoimmune issues, trauma, relationships and ADHD related issues. If you are struggling with these issues, I can assist you in understanding and managing your emotions and symptoms. I can help you advocate for yourself and develop a life plan to achieve your professional, personal and academic goals.
(347) 380-7569 View (347) 380-7569
Photo of New York City Psychotherapy Collective, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
New York City Psychotherapy Collective
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EdM
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010  (Online Only)
When other people look at you, they think you have it all together, but inside you feel like an imposter barely keeping your head above water. Any positive thoughts are quickly replaced by insecurity and self-doubt. If you did everything right, why do you still feel so lost? You are more than your worst trait, your darkest thought, or your biggest failure. It doesn’t have to be this hard. Through therapy with us for your anxiety and depression, you can develop a deeper connection with and understanding of yourself, communicate with less stress, and experience more confidence in your personal and professional relationships.
When other people look at you, they think you have it all together, but inside you feel like an imposter barely keeping your head above water. Any positive thoughts are quickly replaced by insecurity and self-doubt. If you did everything right, why do you still feel so lost? You are more than your worst trait, your darkest thought, or your biggest failure. It doesn’t have to be this hard. Through therapy with us for your anxiety and depression, you can develop a deeper connection with and understanding of yourself, communicate with less stress, and experience more confidence in your personal and professional relationships.
(917) 997-4483 View (917) 997-4483
Photo of Tashay Anderson, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Tashay Anderson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
Tashay's therapy style includes establishing a therapeutic relationship by providing a safe, empathetic, accepting and nonjudgmental space. By gently challenging you along with providing compassion, together she will change behavioral patterns and develop coping skills to reach your full potential. Tashay's therapy sessions tend to include trauma-informed techniques, psychodynamic, internal family systems, collaboration, humor, and exploring the impact of your thoughts, feelings, and emotions.
Tashay's therapy style includes establishing a therapeutic relationship by providing a safe, empathetic, accepting and nonjudgmental space. By gently challenging you along with providing compassion, together she will change behavioral patterns and develop coping skills to reach your full potential. Tashay's therapy sessions tend to include trauma-informed techniques, psychodynamic, internal family systems, collaboration, humor, and exploring the impact of your thoughts, feelings, and emotions.
(646) 495-9903 View (646) 495-9903
Photo of Kayla Elder, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Kayla Elder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10009
My name is Kayla Elder and I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of NY. I like to take a client-centered, eclectic approach to therapy and I believe people should be in the drivers seat of their own wellness. My focus areas include working with those who suffer from anxiety, depression, mood disorders, and ADHD. I tend to work with adult individuals who suffer from anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and ADHD.
My name is Kayla Elder and I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of NY. I like to take a client-centered, eclectic approach to therapy and I believe people should be in the drivers seat of their own wellness. My focus areas include working with those who suffer from anxiety, depression, mood disorders, and ADHD. I tend to work with adult individuals who suffer from anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and ADHD.
(646) 845-7814 View (646) 845-7814
Photo of Jenny Sonenberg, Licensed Master Social Worker in New York, NY
Jenny Sonenberg
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10038
Jenny utilizes an expansive therapeutic approach which highlights relational psychoanalytic and IFS approaches to work with individuals and couples. They are a graduate of Silberman School of Social Work at Hunter College and are currently studying at the Stephen A. Mitchell Center for Relational Studies. Jenny provides a client-centered approach with a focus on relational dynamics, gender and sexuality, self-esteem, and substance use. Jenny emphasizes the importance of a strong alliance and works actively with the therapeutic relationship in session to expand experience of self and enhance connections with others.
Jenny utilizes an expansive therapeutic approach which highlights relational psychoanalytic and IFS approaches to work with individuals and couples. They are a graduate of Silberman School of Social Work at Hunter College and are currently studying at the Stephen A. Mitchell Center for Relational Studies. Jenny provides a client-centered approach with a focus on relational dynamics, gender and sexuality, self-esteem, and substance use. Jenny emphasizes the importance of a strong alliance and works actively with the therapeutic relationship in session to expand experience of self and enhance connections with others.
(646) 791-3756 View (646) 791-3756
Photo of Robinson St Victor, Counselor in New York, NY
Robinson St Victor
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
I am the founder of Vital Steps Mental Health Counseling Services PC, a private practice operating in NYC. I am a warm, caring, compassionate, and supportive person. Those qualities have made it easy for people to share their deepest emotional issues as they search for a path to cope and manage some of life's most challenging circumstances. Society tends to see and be accepting of the impact of physical challenges on the life of an individual however, most people struggle to understand the debilitating impact of traumatic experience on the health and wellbeing of a person. I get it. I am ready to work with you.
I am the founder of Vital Steps Mental Health Counseling Services PC, a private practice operating in NYC. I am a warm, caring, compassionate, and supportive person. Those qualities have made it easy for people to share their deepest emotional issues as they search for a path to cope and manage some of life's most challenging circumstances. Society tends to see and be accepting of the impact of physical challenges on the life of an individual however, most people struggle to understand the debilitating impact of traumatic experience on the health and wellbeing of a person. I get it. I am ready to work with you.
(929) 205-6304 View (929) 205-6304
Photo of Camilla Yu, Counselor in New York, NY
Camilla Yu
Counselor, MSc, LMHC, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10023  (Online Only)
Are you struggling with intimate relationships or relationships with family, friends, or coworkers? Have you been wrestling to move beyond past traumatic experiences? Do you feel like despite your best effort, you can't seem to act on your true intentions and end up feeling trapped in defeat and self-doubt?
Are you struggling with intimate relationships or relationships with family, friends, or coworkers? Have you been wrestling to move beyond past traumatic experiences? Do you feel like despite your best effort, you can't seem to act on your true intentions and end up feeling trapped in defeat and self-doubt?
(646) 681-4263 View (646) 681-4263
Photo of The New York Counseling & CSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
The New York Counseling & CSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10023
Therapy can empower you by affirming your strengths and expanding your capacity to deal with problems more effectively. In short, therapy can lead to a more fulfilling life. Our mission is to provide affordable, quality care to all those who make up our diverse and vibrant community. For the past fifty years, we have built our reputation by providing individualized psychotherapy in a warm, supportive, empathic, authentic, and compassionate environment.
Therapy can empower you by affirming your strengths and expanding your capacity to deal with problems more effectively. In short, therapy can lead to a more fulfilling life. Our mission is to provide affordable, quality care to all those who make up our diverse and vibrant community. For the past fifty years, we have built our reputation by providing individualized psychotherapy in a warm, supportive, empathic, authentic, and compassionate environment.
(646) 583-3336 View (646) 583-3336
Photo of Tiphany Cruz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Tiphany Cruz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10038  (Online Only)
Have you been dealing with crippling stress or anxiety that limits your ability to tackle day to day or big picture tasks? Perhaps you feel it’s time to seek out someone that can support you in identifying and healing your trauma? Change is the only constant in life and I would love to work with you to help you become the master of your life. As your therapist, I will serve as your guide toward building your emotional capacity. You deserve the peace of mind to run towards your goals especially when it feels scary. Let me join you on your healing journey and I will provide you with clarity, safety and encouragement.
Have you been dealing with crippling stress or anxiety that limits your ability to tackle day to day or big picture tasks? Perhaps you feel it’s time to seek out someone that can support you in identifying and healing your trauma? Change is the only constant in life and I would love to work with you to help you become the master of your life. As your therapist, I will serve as your guide toward building your emotional capacity. You deserve the peace of mind to run towards your goals especially when it feels scary. Let me join you on your healing journey and I will provide you with clarity, safety and encouragement.
(347) 752-5867 View (347) 752-5867
Photo of Arielle Ray, Licensed Master Social Worker in New York, NY
Arielle Ray
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
With a background in education and social work, Arielle is well-equipped to provide her patients with both practical tools and techniques as well as a healing relationship and emotional support. She draws on various modalities, including psychodynamic psychotherapy, CBT, DBT and AEDP, to meet the unique needs of her patients and to help them progress toward their goals. Arielle’s prior experience includes working at the Lenox Hill Hospital Outpatient Center for Mental Health and in the New York City public school system.
With a background in education and social work, Arielle is well-equipped to provide her patients with both practical tools and techniques as well as a healing relationship and emotional support. She draws on various modalities, including psychodynamic psychotherapy, CBT, DBT and AEDP, to meet the unique needs of her patients and to help them progress toward their goals. Arielle’s prior experience includes working at the Lenox Hill Hospital Outpatient Center for Mental Health and in the New York City public school system.
(646) 681-4370 View (646) 681-4370
Photo of Peggy Horwitz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Peggy Horwitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
Psychotherapy is a process of self-discovery that will help you connect with your inner life, unbind from the past, and live fully in the present. As you learn about and acknowledge different aspects of yourself, you will find rough spots, as well as resources. All parts of your experience play important roles and we can understand what has been useful, what parts might be modified, as well as parts that offer strength and support that can be built upon. These discoveries remove potential obstacles to your growth and open avenues for connection and well-being.
Psychotherapy is a process of self-discovery that will help you connect with your inner life, unbind from the past, and live fully in the present. As you learn about and acknowledge different aspects of yourself, you will find rough spots, as well as resources. All parts of your experience play important roles and we can understand what has been useful, what parts might be modified, as well as parts that offer strength and support that can be built upon. These discoveries remove potential obstacles to your growth and open avenues for connection and well-being.
(646) 713-1686 View (646) 713-1686
Photo of Frantasia Rouse, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Frantasia Rouse
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10005  (Online Only)
Clients come to me when they have reached a crossroads in their life. Life may have suddenly become challenging because of conflicts in employment, family relationships, or dating/romantic relationships in a way that is overwhelming and difficult to understand. Sometimes we come to a place in our lives where we desire better for ourselves. However, we recognize the way we have been operating is no longer working. We need to process our past and present experiences to get to a place of personal freedom. *~~~Please email for inquiries. Phone calls are difficult to track. Thank you~~~*
Clients come to me when they have reached a crossroads in their life. Life may have suddenly become challenging because of conflicts in employment, family relationships, or dating/romantic relationships in a way that is overwhelming and difficult to understand. Sometimes we come to a place in our lives where we desire better for ourselves. However, we recognize the way we have been operating is no longer working. We need to process our past and present experiences to get to a place of personal freedom. *~~~Please email for inquiries. Phone calls are difficult to track. Thank you~~~*
(347) 906-6416 View (347) 906-6416
Photo of Susan Gutwill, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Susan Gutwill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I am a trained and experienced therapist in relational psychoanalysis as well as traumatology. I was part of bringing these two together some decades ago. In addition I understand eating problems and body image distortion. My professional writing covers these areas. I work with hypnosis, guided visualization and the body, as well as sharing a deepening conversation about you. I want to meet you right there with curiosity, warmth, growing empathy and care. I am an open and informal person by nature yet, of course, I work within professional boundaries. It is about you. I look forward to meeting you.
I am a trained and experienced therapist in relational psychoanalysis as well as traumatology. I was part of bringing these two together some decades ago. In addition I understand eating problems and body image distortion. My professional writing covers these areas. I work with hypnosis, guided visualization and the body, as well as sharing a deepening conversation about you. I want to meet you right there with curiosity, warmth, growing empathy and care. I am an open and informal person by nature yet, of course, I work within professional boundaries. It is about you. I look forward to meeting you.
(732) 719-7991 View (732) 719-7991
Photo of Lee Cohen, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Lee Cohen
Pre-Licensed Professional, MHC, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022  (Online Only)
It's not just you. Countless people are feeling lost, unmoored, and stuck in old patterns, and the usual/traditional "how does that make you feel?" therapy can sometimes feel lacking. With over 8 years in the mental health field, both as a Mental Health Counselor and Psychologist, I recognize that mental health is so much more than what is happening internally. My work is rooted in the belief that mental health cannot be addressed in isolation from other aspects of your life, such as your relationships, health, community, and broader social issues and systems. Tackling all this alone can feel so very daunting.
It's not just you. Countless people are feeling lost, unmoored, and stuck in old patterns, and the usual/traditional "how does that make you feel?" therapy can sometimes feel lacking. With over 8 years in the mental health field, both as a Mental Health Counselor and Psychologist, I recognize that mental health is so much more than what is happening internally. My work is rooted in the belief that mental health cannot be addressed in isolation from other aspects of your life, such as your relationships, health, community, and broader social issues and systems. Tackling all this alone can feel so very daunting.
View
Photo of Melanie Hill, Psychologist in New York, NY
Melanie Hill
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
We all need help at different stages to find new ways of living fuller, healthier lives. Whether you are navigating a new life transition or seeking to overcome difficulties that have lasted for years, my goal is to work with you in a respectful, authentic, and collaborative way to help you create the life you want. I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, sleep, and trauma-related problems, and the impact these difficulties have on relationships, work, parenting, and health. To address these issues, I draw on my training at top-tier institutions to tailor evidence-based treatments to best meet your specific needs.
We all need help at different stages to find new ways of living fuller, healthier lives. Whether you are navigating a new life transition or seeking to overcome difficulties that have lasted for years, my goal is to work with you in a respectful, authentic, and collaborative way to help you create the life you want. I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, sleep, and trauma-related problems, and the impact these difficulties have on relationships, work, parenting, and health. To address these issues, I draw on my training at top-tier institutions to tailor evidence-based treatments to best meet your specific needs.
(646) 762-9486 x800 View (646) 762-9486 x800
Photo of Andrea Cilento, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Andrea Cilento
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10022  (Online Only)
Creating an empathetic, nonjudgmental and collaborative space for growth and healing is my primary objective as a therapist. Who you are and what you have experienced is unique, and so will be your path to healing. I offer both short-term treatment to resolve a specific problem in your life, or longer-term talk therapy to delve into deeper issues that impact your relationships or mental and emotional wellbeing.
Creating an empathetic, nonjudgmental and collaborative space for growth and healing is my primary objective as a therapist. Who you are and what you have experienced is unique, and so will be your path to healing. I offer both short-term treatment to resolve a specific problem in your life, or longer-term talk therapy to delve into deeper issues that impact your relationships or mental and emotional wellbeing.
(646) 863-6910 View (646) 863-6910
Photo of Mariemi Garcia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Mariemi Garcia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10028  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker committed to providing a supportive and collaborative space for children, adolescents, and adults to navigate the challenges they face in dealing with stressful life situations. In my over 15 years of experience in educational, mental health, and family service settings, my work has focused on helping children, adolescents, and adults who struggle with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, loneliness, social-emotional, and learning challenges. Different approaches will be explored to meet each individual’s needs, taking into account families' cultural values and beliefs.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker committed to providing a supportive and collaborative space for children, adolescents, and adults to navigate the challenges they face in dealing with stressful life situations. In my over 15 years of experience in educational, mental health, and family service settings, my work has focused on helping children, adolescents, and adults who struggle with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, loneliness, social-emotional, and learning challenges. Different approaches will be explored to meet each individual’s needs, taking into account families' cultural values and beliefs.
(646) 692-0930 View (646) 692-0930
Photo of Hollie Brooks, Counselor in New York, NY
Hollie Brooks
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019  (Online Only)
Do you feel stuck? Shame? Unmotivated? Anxious or depressed? I can help you reshape your understanding of yourself, heal emotional wounds, and shift unhealthy relationship patterns and behaviors. As a psychodynamic therapist, we'll dive into deep-rooted aspects of yourself, such as ongoing relationship patterns, various interpersonal struggles, different facets of your personality, as well as your stages of emotional development, with the goal to heighten self-awareness and self-empowerment. Let me help you develop a greater understanding of yourself!
Do you feel stuck? Shame? Unmotivated? Anxious or depressed? I can help you reshape your understanding of yourself, heal emotional wounds, and shift unhealthy relationship patterns and behaviors. As a psychodynamic therapist, we'll dive into deep-rooted aspects of yourself, such as ongoing relationship patterns, various interpersonal struggles, different facets of your personality, as well as your stages of emotional development, with the goal to heighten self-awareness and self-empowerment. Let me help you develop a greater understanding of yourself!
(646) 970-1619 View (646) 970-1619
Photo of Chris Felix in New York, NY
Chris Felix
MHC-LP, MA
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
I possess extensive experience in the field of therapy, having provided counseling services to individuals, couples, and families. My clinical training includes valuable experience gained from providing counseling to incarcerated youth within New York City detention centers, and additional training acquired through my tenure at a reputable private practice in New York City. I demonstrate a notable aptitude for working with youth and young adults navigating transitional phases in life while grappling with significant systemic challenges.I dedicate myself to assisting individuals in overcoming these adversities.
I possess extensive experience in the field of therapy, having provided counseling services to individuals, couples, and families. My clinical training includes valuable experience gained from providing counseling to incarcerated youth within New York City detention centers, and additional training acquired through my tenure at a reputable private practice in New York City. I demonstrate a notable aptitude for working with youth and young adults navigating transitional phases in life while grappling with significant systemic challenges.I dedicate myself to assisting individuals in overcoming these adversities.
(929) 538-3425 View (929) 538-3425
Photo of Carolyn Alroy, Psychologist in New York, NY
Carolyn Alroy
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011
You feel hopeless, angst, dread, or freaked out. You feel anxiety and have trouble sleeping, headaches, stress, palpitations, and/or nightmares. You may be struggling in relationship, whether single, and looking for a partner, committed to a partner, or in a recent breakup. You may be stuck at work, not able to get ahead, or unsure if you are in the right profession or company.
You feel hopeless, angst, dread, or freaked out. You feel anxiety and have trouble sleeping, headaches, stress, palpitations, and/or nightmares. You may be struggling in relationship, whether single, and looking for a partner, committed to a partner, or in a recent breakup. You may be stuck at work, not able to get ahead, or unsure if you are in the right profession or company.
(347) 918-3739 View (347) 918-3739

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.