Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Carolyn H. Bray, Ph.D., Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Carolyn H. Bray, Ph.D.
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118
In my 30+ years practicing psychotherapy, I have had extensive experience working with adults who are trying to adjust to the problems that life presents to us---a difficult childhood, trauma, anxiety, depression, postpartum depression, stress, working with a child who has a difficult mental illness, sexual abuse,couples' relationship struggles (heterosexual, gay, and lesbian), and grief from the loss of someone treasured. Always my treatment goal is to facilitate the improvement in the quality of life for each individual and to look for the creative aspect within the destruction. Healing is a natural process, but sometimes it is difficult to remember that fact.
In my 30+ years practicing psychotherapy, I have had extensive experience working with adults who are trying to adjust to the problems that life presents to us---a difficult childhood, trauma, anxiety, depression, postpartum depression, stress, working with a child who has a difficult mental illness, sexual abuse,couples' relationship struggles (heterosexual, gay, and lesbian), and grief from the loss of someone treasured. Always my treatment goal is to facilitate the improvement in the quality of life for each individual and to look for the creative aspect within the destruction. Healing is a natural process, but sometimes it is difficult to remember that fact.
(415) 689-1012 View (415) 689-1012
Photo of Michelle A Birch, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Michelle A Birch
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
I have specialized in two areas.  The first involves the treatment of loss, grief, trauma and the  anxiety disorders that sometimes accompany these events. With a new perspective, most people find it easier to incorporate new coping skills.  This can help you work through your feelings and losses. The second area of specialty is women's health, especially during pregnancy and the postpartum period of life. Having a newborn and the adjustment to mothering brings on many challenges. I work with women to help them cope with the changes to themselves, their bodies as well as their relationships.
I have specialized in two areas.  The first involves the treatment of loss, grief, trauma and the  anxiety disorders that sometimes accompany these events. With a new perspective, most people find it easier to incorporate new coping skills.  This can help you work through your feelings and losses. The second area of specialty is women's health, especially during pregnancy and the postpartum period of life. Having a newborn and the adjustment to mothering brings on many challenges. I work with women to help them cope with the changes to themselves, their bodies as well as their relationships.
(628) 265-8658 View (628) 265-8658
Photo of Melissa Foster, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Melissa Foster
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and an Art Therapist. I help clients create healthier patterns in life and improve relationships. Services available for adults, couples, families and children. My areas of emphasis include abuse, trauma, anxiety, depression, divorce, grief, parenting support, self-esteem, and personal growth. I am also trained in EMDR.
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and an Art Therapist. I help clients create healthier patterns in life and improve relationships. Services available for adults, couples, families and children. My areas of emphasis include abuse, trauma, anxiety, depression, divorce, grief, parenting support, self-esteem, and personal growth. I am also trained in EMDR.
(415) 799-9445 View (415) 799-9445
Photo of Sabrina Rayner, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in San Francisco, CA
Sabrina Rayner
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MA
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94110
Together we'll co-create a space to share the feelings, thoughts, and desires that can feel difficult to say out loud let alone to another person. We'll go even deeper and explore why and how this affects you. Change can feel so scary that we'd rather not do anything different. You are not alone, together we can move through the cycle of feeling stuck to connect with personal growth and joy. Somatic therapy includes the body in a reflective process that can build a sense of wholeness. It's a place to cultivate awareness and acceptance of ourselves, our challenges, and our happiness.
Together we'll co-create a space to share the feelings, thoughts, and desires that can feel difficult to say out loud let alone to another person. We'll go even deeper and explore why and how this affects you. Change can feel so scary that we'd rather not do anything different. You are not alone, together we can move through the cycle of feeling stuck to connect with personal growth and joy. Somatic therapy includes the body in a reflective process that can build a sense of wholeness. It's a place to cultivate awareness and acceptance of ourselves, our challenges, and our happiness.
(415) 862-4961 View (415) 862-4961
Photo of Michael Pastor, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Michael Pastor
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94128
For over twenty-five years I have helped clients with a wide variety of difficulties, including anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma and loss. I work with individuals, couples and families. Communication is a key word in my conception of psychotherapy: I aim to help clients communicate better with important people in their life but also to get in touch with their own blind spots that make it difficult to really know what they think, feel and want. I create a supportive therapeutic environment in which clients can engage in self-exploration and problem solving at their own pace.
For over twenty-five years I have helped clients with a wide variety of difficulties, including anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma and loss. I work with individuals, couples and families. Communication is a key word in my conception of psychotherapy: I aim to help clients communicate better with important people in their life but also to get in touch with their own blind spots that make it difficult to really know what they think, feel and want. I create a supportive therapeutic environment in which clients can engage in self-exploration and problem solving at their own pace.
(415) 992-8834 View (415) 992-8834
Photo of Ashley Gallagher, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Francisco, CA
Ashley Gallagher
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
I specialize in working with adults and adolescents who struggle with the effects of relational trauma. My experience has been predominately working with the LGBTQ community, but I welcome ALL identities. Attachment wounding, addictions or negative internal narratives can leave us feeling stuck in certain thought patterns, maladaptive behaviors, or relationships- this is where I can help. My approach allows my clients to decrease their anxiety, overcome self-doubt and cultivate a new sense of loving, caring for and trusting themselves.
I specialize in working with adults and adolescents who struggle with the effects of relational trauma. My experience has been predominately working with the LGBTQ community, but I welcome ALL identities. Attachment wounding, addictions or negative internal narratives can leave us feeling stuck in certain thought patterns, maladaptive behaviors, or relationships- this is where I can help. My approach allows my clients to decrease their anxiety, overcome self-doubt and cultivate a new sense of loving, caring for and trusting themselves.
(415) 301-7360 View (415) 301-7360
Photo of Lucy Strand, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Lucy Strand
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94123  (Online Only)
Are you a woman in your 20s or 30s who's been to therapy before, found it useful, but is now seeking a deeper level of change? Perhaps you're feeling anxious and overwhelmed, stuck in indecision limbo, longing to feel more fulfilled in your career/relationships, and weighed down by societal and family expectations. If so, please know that you're not alone! As someone who specializes in helping women & non-binary folks navigate their quarter-life phase, I understand the unique challenges that you're facing. I'd love to support you so you can feel more at ease, confident, and empowered on your path forward.
Are you a woman in your 20s or 30s who's been to therapy before, found it useful, but is now seeking a deeper level of change? Perhaps you're feeling anxious and overwhelmed, stuck in indecision limbo, longing to feel more fulfilled in your career/relationships, and weighed down by societal and family expectations. If so, please know that you're not alone! As someone who specializes in helping women & non-binary folks navigate their quarter-life phase, I understand the unique challenges that you're facing. I'd love to support you so you can feel more at ease, confident, and empowered on your path forward.
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Photo of Holly Greenberg, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Holly Greenberg
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
Hello, there are some hurts in life that heal only through connecting with another person. Early relational trauma whether physical or emotional can create a heaviness that feels inescapable. Single incident trauma can have this effect as well. Sharing the story seems to exacerbate sleep problems, difficulty engaging in day-day activities, or just rising from bed. You do not need to tell me your story, just arrive and be willing to be curious. I offer therapy for PTSD, life transitions, grief and depression. In my work I offer myself as a supportive presence and companion.
Hello, there are some hurts in life that heal only through connecting with another person. Early relational trauma whether physical or emotional can create a heaviness that feels inescapable. Single incident trauma can have this effect as well. Sharing the story seems to exacerbate sleep problems, difficulty engaging in day-day activities, or just rising from bed. You do not need to tell me your story, just arrive and be willing to be curious. I offer therapy for PTSD, life transitions, grief and depression. In my work I offer myself as a supportive presence and companion.
(415) 367-3158 View (415) 367-3158
Photo of Elizabeth Owens, Associate Clinical Social Worker in San Francisco, CA
Elizabeth Owens
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ACSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
I enjoy working with an array of different types of individuals. Some of the people I work with are looking to gain tangible skills to overcome particular challenges in their lives, such as social anxiety, phobias, and OCD. Others seek out therapy with me because they are navigating life transitions, experiencing relationship difficulties, or looking to better understand themselves. My hope would be that throughout the course of therapy, their goals might evolve as they experience some relief from their symptoms and would shift to exploring their own values, identity, and spirituality.
I enjoy working with an array of different types of individuals. Some of the people I work with are looking to gain tangible skills to overcome particular challenges in their lives, such as social anxiety, phobias, and OCD. Others seek out therapy with me because they are navigating life transitions, experiencing relationship difficulties, or looking to better understand themselves. My hope would be that throughout the course of therapy, their goals might evolve as they experience some relief from their symptoms and would shift to exploring their own values, identity, and spirituality.
(628) 203-7796 View (628) 203-7796
Photo of Veronica Elizabeth Encinas, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Veronica Elizabeth Encinas
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94117
My passion and dedication to this work lies in that asking for help is not a sign of weakness. Everyone at some point in their life has had some frictions or challenges and need support to get through those times. I work experientially and relationally. Welcoming clients to tell their stories, histories, and important aspects of life.
My passion and dedication to this work lies in that asking for help is not a sign of weakness. Everyone at some point in their life has had some frictions or challenges and need support to get through those times. I work experientially and relationally. Welcoming clients to tell their stories, histories, and important aspects of life.
(415) 895-9752 View (415) 895-9752
Photo of Reed A Malcolm Psychotherapist, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Reed A Malcolm Psychotherapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
I am a psychotherapist with offices in SF and Oakland, where I treat both adults and couples. I take a relational and collaborative approach to psychotherapy. We are all unique, consciously and unconsciously influenced by the relationships and life-events that leave a lasting impact on how we address our current situation. Difficulties can sometimes arise when the habitual thoughts, emotions, or behaviors that once served us now have us feeling stuck, depressed, and powerless. Fear, ambivalence, compulsivity and patterned thinking can hamper our ability to address the inevitable twists and turns of daily life.
I am a psychotherapist with offices in SF and Oakland, where I treat both adults and couples. I take a relational and collaborative approach to psychotherapy. We are all unique, consciously and unconsciously influenced by the relationships and life-events that leave a lasting impact on how we address our current situation. Difficulties can sometimes arise when the habitual thoughts, emotions, or behaviors that once served us now have us feeling stuck, depressed, and powerless. Fear, ambivalence, compulsivity and patterned thinking can hamper our ability to address the inevitable twists and turns of daily life.
(415) 358-5359 View (415) 358-5359
Photo of Natalia Estrada, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Natalia Estrada
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94110  (Online Only)
You have landed here because you are wanting to make a change, heal, live a more fulfilling life... you have experienced something that changed your perception of life, of safety, maybe even of who you are, and how you relate to others. You want to forget pain, enjoy life, find serenity, and feel whole again. I make use of different tools, based on western theories and knowledge as well as ancient and spiritual practices, to support your desired change considering your strengths and your unique living experience.
You have landed here because you are wanting to make a change, heal, live a more fulfilling life... you have experienced something that changed your perception of life, of safety, maybe even of who you are, and how you relate to others. You want to forget pain, enjoy life, find serenity, and feel whole again. I make use of different tools, based on western theories and knowledge as well as ancient and spiritual practices, to support your desired change considering your strengths and your unique living experience.
(415) 649-1298 View (415) 649-1298
Photo of Elissa Meryl, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Elissa Meryl
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94131
While you can't always avoid the challenges that arise in your life, you do have choices about how you address them. My approach draws from the idea that there is much to learn from these struggles, and that by decreasing the shame that makes it hard for you to face yourself, you create opportunities for making real and enduring changes in your life. But you don't have to do this alone.
While you can't always avoid the challenges that arise in your life, you do have choices about how you address them. My approach draws from the idea that there is much to learn from these struggles, and that by decreasing the shame that makes it hard for you to face yourself, you create opportunities for making real and enduring changes in your life. But you don't have to do this alone.
(415) 508-8845 View (415) 508-8845
Photo of Tanya Takacs, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Tanya Takacs
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
Do you feel alone and overwhelmed? Are you worried about burdening your loved ones, or dissatisfied with the support they provide? Do you want a new perspective and a professional opinion on things? Are you challenged by managing the responsibilities of work, relationship, and family? Do you long for space for yourself, to notice and express what you’re feeling and thinking? Do you want support to reflect on your circumstances, think through the options you may have, and take steps toward change in your life?
Do you feel alone and overwhelmed? Are you worried about burdening your loved ones, or dissatisfied with the support they provide? Do you want a new perspective and a professional opinion on things? Are you challenged by managing the responsibilities of work, relationship, and family? Do you long for space for yourself, to notice and express what you’re feeling and thinking? Do you want support to reflect on your circumstances, think through the options you may have, and take steps toward change in your life?
(415) 528-7819 View (415) 528-7819
Photo of Nicholas Lawrence Seibel, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Nicholas Lawrence Seibel
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94158  (Online Only)
Nice to meet you! My name is Nicholas and I am excited to meet with you. I am a California local born and raised in Los Angeles but now reside in San Francisco. I received my education in San Francisco and thrive in a city full of advanced technology and innovation. Combining both evidence-based cognitive behavioral therapy and the mindfulness of Buddhist teachings, Acceptance and Commitment therapy has proven healing and useful to many clients. I also enjoy working through your childhood experiences. Together, I can help you develop the competency to face your past, find comfort in the present, and look forward to the future.
Nice to meet you! My name is Nicholas and I am excited to meet with you. I am a California local born and raised in Los Angeles but now reside in San Francisco. I received my education in San Francisco and thrive in a city full of advanced technology and innovation. Combining both evidence-based cognitive behavioral therapy and the mindfulness of Buddhist teachings, Acceptance and Commitment therapy has proven healing and useful to many clients. I also enjoy working through your childhood experiences. Together, I can help you develop the competency to face your past, find comfort in the present, and look forward to the future.
(760) 276-6437 View (760) 276-6437
Photo of Erica Esmail Rath, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Erica Esmail Rath
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
Being a therapist is one of the greatest joys in my life. It allows me the opportunity to encourage and witness the human growth process in a profound and personal way. Research shows that modern day distress is caused by isolation and disconnection, which many of us feel even in relationships. We are social creatures who thrive when we feel connected, especially to those who matter the most to us. The work and goal of therapy is to explore and strengthen our connections, first and foremost to ourselves, then to our partners, our families, or people in general.
Being a therapist is one of the greatest joys in my life. It allows me the opportunity to encourage and witness the human growth process in a profound and personal way. Research shows that modern day distress is caused by isolation and disconnection, which many of us feel even in relationships. We are social creatures who thrive when we feel connected, especially to those who matter the most to us. The work and goal of therapy is to explore and strengthen our connections, first and foremost to ourselves, then to our partners, our families, or people in general.
(415) 366-8455 View (415) 366-8455
Photo of David Watts Miller, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
David Watts Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94131  (Online Only)
I work with clients addressing issues related to their mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical well-being. I help my clients create meaningful changes, stronger relationships, and a greater sense of self by focusing on their strengths and using a blend of different therapeutic styles that best match the client’s individual personality. My approach is highly relational, meaning the relationship as therapist and client is an important part of the work.
I work with clients addressing issues related to their mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical well-being. I help my clients create meaningful changes, stronger relationships, and a greater sense of self by focusing on their strengths and using a blend of different therapeutic styles that best match the client’s individual personality. My approach is highly relational, meaning the relationship as therapist and client is an important part of the work.
(650) 456-1452 View (650) 456-1452
Photo of Linn Aosjia, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Linn Aosjia
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94111  (Online Only)
Are you ready see what's possible for your brilliant teen or once enthusiastic young adult? You already see their potential, and now it's time for them to see it too! Perhaps your family has been struggling, and you can see the impact the last few years has had on your child. It's time for some help. Teens and young adults are at a prime period of life where having a place to ask questions and explore meaning, create a tool kit for dealing with anxiety, overwhelm, depression and motivation can not only help them navigate life and responsibilities right now, but also for the rest of their lives.
Are you ready see what's possible for your brilliant teen or once enthusiastic young adult? You already see their potential, and now it's time for them to see it too! Perhaps your family has been struggling, and you can see the impact the last few years has had on your child. It's time for some help. Teens and young adults are at a prime period of life where having a place to ask questions and explore meaning, create a tool kit for dealing with anxiety, overwhelm, depression and motivation can not only help them navigate life and responsibilities right now, but also for the rest of their lives.
(530) 319-5145 View (530) 319-5145
Photo of Vanessa Vertin, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Vanessa Vertin
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
Dr. Vertin specializes in modern-day relationships with self and others. Her work helps people thrive by revolutionizing how people think about health and relationship and thus, how they function. Vanessa's specializations are integral health, coupling relationships, and life transitions/stress. Other areas in which she has extensive training and therapeutic experience include: freedom and intimacy dynamics, marriage and other relationship forms, survivors of abuse, anxiety and depression, issues of elders and their families, aging & death, developmental issues, PTSD, and women’s issues.
Dr. Vertin specializes in modern-day relationships with self and others. Her work helps people thrive by revolutionizing how people think about health and relationship and thus, how they function. Vanessa's specializations are integral health, coupling relationships, and life transitions/stress. Other areas in which she has extensive training and therapeutic experience include: freedom and intimacy dynamics, marriage and other relationship forms, survivors of abuse, anxiety and depression, issues of elders and their families, aging & death, developmental issues, PTSD, and women’s issues.
(650) 262-3687 View (650) 262-3687
Photo of Abigail Levinson Marks, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Abigail Levinson Marks
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94122
Not accepting new clients
All therapy begins with a story--your story. My job as your therapist is to help you tell your story and find the meaning in its threads and connections that will help you know yourself more deeply. Whether you have a specific problem or simply want to make some life changes, we'll carefully unravel what has led you to this place in your life, so that ultimately you can find the freedom to move forward in a different way. My style is warm, down to earth, creative, thoughtful, and authentic.
All therapy begins with a story--your story. My job as your therapist is to help you tell your story and find the meaning in its threads and connections that will help you know yourself more deeply. Whether you have a specific problem or simply want to make some life changes, we'll carefully unravel what has led you to this place in your life, so that ultimately you can find the freedom to move forward in a different way. My style is warm, down to earth, creative, thoughtful, and authentic.
(415) 991-3887 View (415) 991-3887

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.