Photo of Esther S Schlessinger-Mita, Psychologist in Paoli, PA
Esther S Schlessinger-Mita
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
I also use systemic and psychodynamic, and CBT and communication techniques for couples and individual therapy.
I enjoy working with adults, children and adolescents, as well as couples and families. I work with couples seeking to work through a breach of trust in a relationship, or a loss of connection, or who desire to improve intimacy. I also serve adolescents trying to transition to adulthood and navigate high school, college or post college stress. I work with adults and children trying to navigate anxiety that is intrusive. I try to help those with depression over loss or past trauma that hold them back from making meaningful changes and strides in their live. I want to help make difficult family and peer relationships more functional.
I also use systemic and psychodynamic, and CBT and communication techniques for couples and individual therapy.
I enjoy working with adults, children and adolescents, as well as couples and families. I work with couples seeking to work through a breach of trust in a relationship, or a loss of connection, or who desire to improve intimacy. I also serve adolescents trying to transition to adulthood and navigate high school, college or post college stress. I work with adults and children trying to navigate anxiety that is intrusive. I try to help those with depression over loss or past trauma that hold them back from making meaningful changes and strides in their live. I want to help make difficult family and peer relationships more functional.
(484) 592-4923 View (484) 592-4923
Photo of Chas Wargo in Paoli, PA
Chas Wargo
LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Paoli, PA 19301  (Online Only)
My orientation is eclectic, using various disciplines, and skills from psychodynamic, behavioral, systems, and humanistic approaches.
I provide therapy for individuals, couples, families, adults and children. I have worked with many different clients providing the support needed for change. My experience at various social service agencies, at a child and family clinic; and in a college clinic has given me the opportunity to work with many adults, children, adolescents and families. I find my training in marriage and family therapy is particularly helpful for my clients in that it helps individuals better understand their relationships with themselves and others in their life. I regularly look at the systemic process in relationships, and at attachment issues.
My orientation is eclectic, using various disciplines, and skills from psychodynamic, behavioral, systems, and humanistic approaches.
I provide therapy for individuals, couples, families, adults and children. I have worked with many different clients providing the support needed for change. My experience at various social service agencies, at a child and family clinic; and in a college clinic has given me the opportunity to work with many adults, children, adolescents and families. I find my training in marriage and family therapy is particularly helpful for my clients in that it helps individuals better understand their relationships with themselves and others in their life. I regularly look at the systemic process in relationships, and at attachment issues.
(484) 309-5603 View (484) 309-5603
Photo of Arrive Therapy -- LGBTQ & Gender Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Paoli, PA
Arrive Therapy -- LGBTQ & Gender Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
Arrive Therapy is a trans and queer focused counseling practice with all LGBTQ counselors. If you are trans, non-binary, gay, queer, or questioning it is my desire to create a safe space for you to find the support you are looking for. If you are the parent of a trans child or teen, we are here to support you, as well as your child. We work with LGBTQ folks of all ages, including parents and partners of trans folks. We can see you remotely or in person in Paoli. You can get started with a free phone consult so we can pick the right therapist for you. Or, you can book your first appointment online at Arrivetherapy.com.
Arrive Therapy is a trans and queer focused counseling practice with all LGBTQ counselors. If you are trans, non-binary, gay, queer, or questioning it is my desire to create a safe space for you to find the support you are looking for. If you are the parent of a trans child or teen, we are here to support you, as well as your child. We work with LGBTQ folks of all ages, including parents and partners of trans folks. We can see you remotely or in person in Paoli. You can get started with a free phone consult so we can pick the right therapist for you. Or, you can book your first appointment online at Arrivetherapy.com.
(610) 580-0630 View (610) 580-0630
Photo of Anne Unterkoefler LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Paoli, PA
Anne Unterkoefler LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Paoli, PA 19301
Waitlist for new clients
As a therapist for 25+ years, I believe it is important to recognize a person's strengths to help them deal with emotional difficulties when they occur. I work with children, adolescents, adults, families and the elderly to enhance their coping skills, so they have a variety of options to deal with their life stresses. I enjoy working in collaboration with people of all ages and diagnoses to achieve their mental health goals. Being trained in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy I have a wealth of knowledge in teaching coping skills to help a wide variety of diagnoses.
As a therapist for 25+ years, I believe it is important to recognize a person's strengths to help them deal with emotional difficulties when they occur. I work with children, adolescents, adults, families and the elderly to enhance their coping skills, so they have a variety of options to deal with their life stresses. I enjoy working in collaboration with people of all ages and diagnoses to achieve their mental health goals. Being trained in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy I have a wealth of knowledge in teaching coping skills to help a wide variety of diagnoses.
(484) 350-5345 View (484) 350-5345
Meyerbrook Counseling LLC @ Living Well Studios
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
Our holistic approach puts your whole being at the center of treatment by addressing your mental, emotional, physical and psychological-spiritual needs (meaning/purpose, transcendence, and peace of mind). The core of our mission begins with the recognition that psychological well-being requires learning how to develop greater awareness, self-compassion and commitment, and turning that effort into action. We are licensed professional therapists and wellness practitioners who specialize in providing integrative and innovative interventions to help you heal, evolve, and thrive. ​
Our holistic approach puts your whole being at the center of treatment by addressing your mental, emotional, physical and psychological-spiritual needs (meaning/purpose, transcendence, and peace of mind). The core of our mission begins with the recognition that psychological well-being requires learning how to develop greater awareness, self-compassion and commitment, and turning that effort into action. We are licensed professional therapists and wellness practitioners who specialize in providing integrative and innovative interventions to help you heal, evolve, and thrive. ​
(484) 998-1162 View (484) 998-1162
Photo of Carroll-Ratliff Counseling Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in Paoli, PA
Carroll-Ratliff Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, LPC, NCC, ACS
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
Hello, I'm Hattie. I am a Licensed Counselor and founder of Carroll-Ratliff Counseling services. This is a small practice with trained therapists. We see diverse populations of all ages. We use an out of the box approach and believe that positive change is possible for everyone. We are focused on supporting you in your journey of creating a happier life & healthy habits. Some common areas of our practice are: depression, anxiety, Autism, ADHD, trauma, BPD, children's issues, and parenting/family issues. We use evidence based practices such as mindfulness, CBT, ACT, social skills, parent training, & executive functioning skills
Hello, I'm Hattie. I am a Licensed Counselor and founder of Carroll-Ratliff Counseling services. This is a small practice with trained therapists. We see diverse populations of all ages. We use an out of the box approach and believe that positive change is possible for everyone. We are focused on supporting you in your journey of creating a happier life & healthy habits. Some common areas of our practice are: depression, anxiety, Autism, ADHD, trauma, BPD, children's issues, and parenting/family issues. We use evidence based practices such as mindfulness, CBT, ACT, social skills, parent training, & executive functioning skills
(484) 669-8548 View (484) 669-8548
Photo of Peter McCall, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Paoli, PA
Peter McCall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSS, LCSW
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
I work against the position that views human challenges through a narrow lens bound by diagnosis and pathology. In family therapy, I work with adolescents and their caregivers who are impacted by protracted conflict and disconnection. I work with couples who are caught in patterns of conflict, avoidance, and misunderstanding. Individual therapy places emphasis on the security and safety of the therapeutic relationship in order to create opportunities for change.
I work against the position that views human challenges through a narrow lens bound by diagnosis and pathology. In family therapy, I work with adolescents and their caregivers who are impacted by protracted conflict and disconnection. I work with couples who are caught in patterns of conflict, avoidance, and misunderstanding. Individual therapy places emphasis on the security and safety of the therapeutic relationship in order to create opportunities for change.
(484) 759-9467 View (484) 759-9467
Photo of David Skowronski, Licensed Professional Counselor in Paoli, PA
David Skowronski
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LPCMH
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
Mr. Skowronski and PhilaTherapy is an established practice located in Center City Philadelphia and Paoli. PA. We established the practice to meet the growing mental health needs of individuals in the Greater Philadelphia area. We provide psychotherapy and educational services. Our clinicians and staff are here to help you overcome various mental health conditions and everyday challenges and concerns.
Mr. Skowronski and PhilaTherapy is an established practice located in Center City Philadelphia and Paoli. PA. We established the practice to meet the growing mental health needs of individuals in the Greater Philadelphia area. We provide psychotherapy and educational services. Our clinicians and staff are here to help you overcome various mental health conditions and everyday challenges and concerns.
(484) 214-2421 View (484) 214-2421
Photo of Kim Zahlaway U Got This Counseling Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Paoli, PA
Kim Zahlaway U Got This Counseling Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, Founder, PCC
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
Welcome! As a Therapist or Parenting Consultant for children, adolescents, young adults, adults and parents with Anxiety and ADHD, School and Work related problems and social relationships, we will explore the skills needed to make desired change at any level. You will learn to support your or your child's social and emotional growth through a positive process of self-discovery, empowerment and problem-solving. Modalities include: CBT; DBT; Anxiety and Stress management; Mindfulness; Social thinking and perception; identifying emotions and self-regulation; problem solving; and the incorporation of mindful behavior into daily life.
Welcome! As a Therapist or Parenting Consultant for children, adolescents, young adults, adults and parents with Anxiety and ADHD, School and Work related problems and social relationships, we will explore the skills needed to make desired change at any level. You will learn to support your or your child's social and emotional growth through a positive process of self-discovery, empowerment and problem-solving. Modalities include: CBT; DBT; Anxiety and Stress management; Mindfulness; Social thinking and perception; identifying emotions and self-regulation; problem solving; and the incorporation of mindful behavior into daily life.
(484) 334-8975 View (484) 334-8975
Photo of Elizabeth A Bouvel, Licensed Professional Counselor in Paoli, PA
Elizabeth A Bouvel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
Friends and family may be your biggest resource for support. However, you may be faced with challenges and struggles, that their advice can't address. Or, they may be part of the problem. That's why it's best to turn to a professional who can provide the skill needed to help you face these challenges in an objective, nurturing environment. My years of experience have given me the opportunity to counsel many individuals, couples and families, with a wide range of issues. Let me hear from you. I'll help you get back on track.
Friends and family may be your biggest resource for support. However, you may be faced with challenges and struggles, that their advice can't address. Or, they may be part of the problem. That's why it's best to turn to a professional who can provide the skill needed to help you face these challenges in an objective, nurturing environment. My years of experience have given me the opportunity to counsel many individuals, couples and families, with a wide range of issues. Let me hear from you. I'll help you get back on track.
(610) 482-4759 View (610) 482-4759
Photo of Jim Coupe, Psychologist in Paoli, PA
Jim Coupe
Psychologist, PsyD, MBA
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
In practice for over 15 years, I work with a wide range of people who may be experiencing anxiety, low mood, and stress. In particular, many people come into my office because they have found an aspect of their life is not rewarding, whether this be handling life's pressures, relationships with a spouse/children, or how one thinks about one's self. It is always my objective to work with people collaboratively in order to develop goals that guide the psychotherapy.
In practice for over 15 years, I work with a wide range of people who may be experiencing anxiety, low mood, and stress. In particular, many people come into my office because they have found an aspect of their life is not rewarding, whether this be handling life's pressures, relationships with a spouse/children, or how one thinks about one's self. It is always my objective to work with people collaboratively in order to develop goals that guide the psychotherapy.
(484) 674-6322 View (484) 674-6322
Photo of Suzanne Chuchian Chong (She Her Hers), Psychologist in Paoli, PA
Suzanne Chuchian Chong (She Her Hers)
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Paoli, PA 19301
Do you often feel like you are threading water, instead of surfing above it? Are you doubting that you are not where you want to be in your life? Perhaps you are seeking clarity and insight, and calm after turbulence. I strive to facilitate self-empowerment and self-efficacy through adaptive coping/behavioral skills, strengthening cognitive insight, while honoring that change is hard when life gets hard. My work with individuals who have felt unheard and invalidated has led me to conceptualize concerns related to eating disorders, anxiety, depression, and substance use as closely intertwined.
Do you often feel like you are threading water, instead of surfing above it? Are you doubting that you are not where you want to be in your life? Perhaps you are seeking clarity and insight, and calm after turbulence. I strive to facilitate self-empowerment and self-efficacy through adaptive coping/behavioral skills, strengthening cognitive insight, while honoring that change is hard when life gets hard. My work with individuals who have felt unheard and invalidated has led me to conceptualize concerns related to eating disorders, anxiety, depression, and substance use as closely intertwined.
(267) 930-1278 View (267) 930-1278
Photo of Mike Fogel, Licensed Professional Counselor in Paoli, PA
Mike Fogel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, ATR-BC, LPC
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
I am an art & play therapist & child-adolescent specialist who helps children and parents develop powerful coping skills to overcome challenges & succeed at home, school, & in relationships. Parents who engage me in therapy are looking for an effective therapist with whom their child will feel supremely comfortable & not resist. I know how children think & my waiting rooms, offices, & every move I make is designed to help children & teens enjoy therapy. I treat a range of emotional-behavioral challenges & have a sub-specialty in social skills groups for neurodiverse children. Located in Haverford, Paoli, Blue Bell, & Center City.
I am an art & play therapist & child-adolescent specialist who helps children and parents develop powerful coping skills to overcome challenges & succeed at home, school, & in relationships. Parents who engage me in therapy are looking for an effective therapist with whom their child will feel supremely comfortable & not resist. I know how children think & my waiting rooms, offices, & every move I make is designed to help children & teens enjoy therapy. I treat a range of emotional-behavioral challenges & have a sub-specialty in social skills groups for neurodiverse children. Located in Haverford, Paoli, Blue Bell, & Center City.
(484) 214-2612 View (484) 214-2612
Photo of Child and Family Art Therapy Center, Licensed Professional Counselor in Paoli, PA
Child and Family Art Therapy Center
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, ATR-BC, LPC
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
We are child-adolescent art & play therapy specialists who help clients ages 3-22 develop powerful coping skills to overcome challenges to succeed at home, school, & in relationships! Parents who engage us in therapy seek an effective therapist with whom their child will feel supremely comfortable & not resist. You found us! We KNOW how children think, & our waiting rooms, offices, & approaches are designed to help children & teens enjoy therapy. We treat a range of emotional-behavioral challenges & have a sub-specialty in social skills groups for neurodiverse children. Located in Haverford, Paoli, Blue Bell, & Center City.
We are child-adolescent art & play therapy specialists who help clients ages 3-22 develop powerful coping skills to overcome challenges to succeed at home, school, & in relationships! Parents who engage us in therapy seek an effective therapist with whom their child will feel supremely comfortable & not resist. You found us! We KNOW how children think, & our waiting rooms, offices, & approaches are designed to help children & teens enjoy therapy. We treat a range of emotional-behavioral challenges & have a sub-specialty in social skills groups for neurodiverse children. Located in Haverford, Paoli, Blue Bell, & Center City.
(610) 854-8286 View (610) 854-8286
Photo of Michele Chubb, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Paoli, PA
Michele Chubb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301
Have you been struggling with depression, anxiety or relationship issues? Do you feel like you are stuck or in a spiral? Have you had trauma in your life? Do you feel like you have no one to talk to or that no one understands what you are going through? I can help with these issues and more. I offer a safe and accepting environment while using an eclectic approach that best fits your individual needs and strengths. I take the time to listen and understand. We will also take the time to develop the therapeutic relationship which is a key element to successful therapy.
Have you been struggling with depression, anxiety or relationship issues? Do you feel like you are stuck or in a spiral? Have you had trauma in your life? Do you feel like you have no one to talk to or that no one understands what you are going through? I can help with these issues and more. I offer a safe and accepting environment while using an eclectic approach that best fits your individual needs and strengths. I take the time to listen and understand. We will also take the time to develop the therapeutic relationship which is a key element to successful therapy.
(484) 406-3130 View (484) 406-3130
Photo of Barbara Ellis, Psychologist in Paoli, PA
Barbara Ellis
Psychologist, PsyD, EdM
Verified Verified
Paoli, PA 19301  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My orientation is psychodynamic/ interpersonal and my approach a mixture of insight-oriented, ego-supportive and cognitive behavioral strategies. Insight-oriented therapy focuses on unconscious factors, faulty belief systems and unmet needs which influence a person's perceptions and emotional response patterns. Goals of treatment are to: increase self-awareness, self-acceptance and emotional intelligence; work though past wounds and current fears; identify what is important in one's life and relationships: and, develop new skill-sets and thinking patterns which lead to better choices and outcomes. Life is about challenges and successes, not impossibilities.
My orientation is psychodynamic/ interpersonal and my approach a mixture of insight-oriented, ego-supportive and cognitive behavioral strategies. Insight-oriented therapy focuses on unconscious factors, faulty belief systems and unmet needs which influence a person's perceptions and emotional response patterns. Goals of treatment are to: increase self-awareness, self-acceptance and emotional intelligence; work though past wounds and current fears; identify what is important in one's life and relationships: and, develop new skill-sets and thinking patterns which lead to better choices and outcomes. Life is about challenges and successes, not impossibilities.
(610) 915-8026 View (610) 915-8026
Photo of Charli Morris, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Paoli, PA
Charli Morris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Paoli, PA 19301
Not accepting new clients
MS MORRIS IS NOT ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS AT THIS TIME. Ms Morris is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who provides counseling to people of all ages for an array of presenting issues including, but not limited to, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, low self-worth and low self-esteem, interpersonal communication issues, unhealthy intimate relationships and destructive anger. Ms. Morris tailors her therapy to each client's individual needs with a client-focused, strengths-based perspective. She prioritizes creating a safe space for each client to explore their needs, wants, goals and concerns in an empowered manner.
MS MORRIS IS NOT ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS AT THIS TIME. Ms Morris is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who provides counseling to people of all ages for an array of presenting issues including, but not limited to, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, low self-worth and low self-esteem, interpersonal communication issues, unhealthy intimate relationships and destructive anger. Ms. Morris tailors her therapy to each client's individual needs with a client-focused, strengths-based perspective. She prioritizes creating a safe space for each client to explore their needs, wants, goals and concerns in an empowered manner.
(610) 854-8464 View (610) 854-8464

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Sharon Kelly, Psychologist in Paoli, PA
Sharon Kelly
Psychologist, PsyD, MBA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Malvern, PA 19355
Kelly is a licensed clinical psychologist with education and experience drawing from cognitive, psychodynamic and behavioral therapies.
In person and remote available. Therapy supports positive, healthy personal changes, improvement of anxiety and depression, and progress toward desired goals. Therapy helps clients improve relationships, cope with negative people or influences in their lives, and develop responsible, confident self-images. Individual Therapy, Couples or Co-Parenting Counseling and Life Coaching are available for all ages and backgrounds. The Gay St office is in the center of West Chester, near WCU and directly behind/adjacent to the Justice Center. St Peter’s office is situated along French Creek in historic St Peter's Village.
Kelly is a licensed clinical psychologist with education and experience drawing from cognitive, psychodynamic and behavioral therapies.
In person and remote available. Therapy supports positive, healthy personal changes, improvement of anxiety and depression, and progress toward desired goals. Therapy helps clients improve relationships, cope with negative people or influences in their lives, and develop responsible, confident self-images. Individual Therapy, Couples or Co-Parenting Counseling and Life Coaching are available for all ages and backgrounds. The Gay St office is in the center of West Chester, near WCU and directly behind/adjacent to the Justice Center. St Peter’s office is situated along French Creek in historic St Peter's Village.
(484) 602-2892 View (484) 602-2892
Photo of Sarah Whalen, Psychologist in Paoli, PA
Sarah Whalen
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berwyn, PA 19312
My work is informed by psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness, and Acceptance and Commitment therapies.
Are your relationships strained or disappointing? Is it difficult to manage your thoughts, feelings, or behaviors? Do you feel stuck, worry, feel sad, or have thoughts that you’re not good enough? Whatever you are struggling with, you do not need to suffer alone. We can work together to change things that are not working for you. I provide a supportive, accepting, judgment-free space where you can heal and grow. Therapy makes change possible and facilitates deeply meaningful growth so that you may experience greater joy, have more fulfilling relationships, be more productive, and feel more satisfied.
My work is informed by psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness, and Acceptance and Commitment therapies.
Are your relationships strained or disappointing? Is it difficult to manage your thoughts, feelings, or behaviors? Do you feel stuck, worry, feel sad, or have thoughts that you’re not good enough? Whatever you are struggling with, you do not need to suffer alone. We can work together to change things that are not working for you. I provide a supportive, accepting, judgment-free space where you can heal and grow. Therapy makes change possible and facilitates deeply meaningful growth so that you may experience greater joy, have more fulfilling relationships, be more productive, and feel more satisfied.
(484) 200-8623 View (484) 200-8623
Victor Shklyarevsky
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berwyn, PA 19312
He treats individuals across the life-span, utilizing a custom-tailored approach that includes psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, collaborative problem-solving and dialectical behavioral therapy informed skill-building.
Individual/Family/Couples Therapy (10-50), Children, Adolescents, Young Adults, Adults. Psychoeducational/Psychodiagnostic Assessment, Substance Abuse, Anger Management, AD/HD/Learning Disability, Life Transitions
He treats individuals across the life-span, utilizing a custom-tailored approach that includes psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, collaborative problem-solving and dialectical behavioral therapy informed skill-building.
Individual/Family/Couples Therapy (10-50), Children, Adolescents, Young Adults, Adults. Psychoeducational/Psychodiagnostic Assessment, Substance Abuse, Anger Management, AD/HD/Learning Disability, Life Transitions
(610) 616-4811 View (610) 616-4811
Psychodynamic Therapists

Is psychodynamic therapy evidence-based?

Studies have found psychodynamic therapy to be effective in treating conditions like social anxiety, eating disorders, chronic pain, some personality disorders, and depression; indeed, some studies have found it to be just as effective as CBT or medication. What’s more, several studies have found that the benefits of psychodynamic therapy tend to endure—even grow—long after treatment has ended.

How long does psychodynamic therapy last?

Unlike CBT and other more structured forms of therapy, psychodynamic therapy tends to be open-ended and may not be limited to a set number of sessions. It is common for clients to be in therapy for a year or longer and to see their therapist one to three times a week, though the exact schedule and timeline may vary depending on a client’s challenges and progress. However, brief psychodynamic therapy is available, which tends to be more goal-oriented and typically unfolds over 16 to 30 sessions.

Does psychodynamic therapy work?

Research finds that psychodynamic therapy can help someone manage or reduce symptoms of diagnosable mental health conditions like depression or anxiety. The modality may also offer a range of benefits that are harder to measure but just as valuable—such as increased self-worth or healthier relationships. While no therapy type will work for everyone, research and anecdotal evidence suggest that psychodynamic therapy can be highly effective.

What are the limitations of psychodynamic therapy?

Some meta-analyses have concluded that there is little evidence to suggest that psychodynamic therapy can effectively treat certain mental health conditions such as PTSD, OCD, or psychosis, though it is sometimes used to do so. More broadly, the open-ended, free-association structure of psychodynamic therapy may be frustrating for clients who prefer a more structured, time-limited, or goal-oriented approach.