Photo of Benjamin Lasner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chester Springs, PA
Benjamin Lasner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NBCC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chester Springs, PA 19425
Benjamin (pronounced Ben-ya-meen) Lasner, LPC, NBCC, M.S.. He is compassionate, open, and committed to creating a therapeutic relationship where everyone feels safe and respected. Benjamin understands and values the perspectives of both sides of the therapeutic relationship and firmly believes that two individuals sitting in a room, and having a conversation, is one of the most powerful, healing events that can occur. Benjamin strives to make the therapeutic environment welcoming, giving you his full focus and attention. It is important to meet each client where they are in order to help them achieve their goals.
Benjamin (pronounced Ben-ya-meen) Lasner, LPC, NBCC, M.S.. He is compassionate, open, and committed to creating a therapeutic relationship where everyone feels safe and respected. Benjamin understands and values the perspectives of both sides of the therapeutic relationship and firmly believes that two individuals sitting in a room, and having a conversation, is one of the most powerful, healing events that can occur. Benjamin strives to make the therapeutic environment welcoming, giving you his full focus and attention. It is important to meet each client where they are in order to help them achieve their goals.
(610) 686-7502 View (610) 686-7502
Photo of Regina Marie Floria in Chester Springs, PA
Regina Marie Floria
MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chester Springs, PA 19425
Over the 18 years in the behavioral health field, I've attributed my growth and experience to all of the clients I've seen. One of the most difficult aspects of therapy is having to be vulnerable. In order to be vulnerable a client must feel seen, heard, respected and safe. I've worked in multiple settings such as school, corporate healthcare, home, clinic and private practice. I've worked with families, individually, with children, teen and adults with addiction, behavioral health needs and disabilities. Mostly utilizing a strengths based and family systems perspective/model.
Over the 18 years in the behavioral health field, I've attributed my growth and experience to all of the clients I've seen. One of the most difficult aspects of therapy is having to be vulnerable. In order to be vulnerable a client must feel seen, heard, respected and safe. I've worked in multiple settings such as school, corporate healthcare, home, clinic and private practice. I've worked with families, individually, with children, teen and adults with addiction, behavioral health needs and disabilities. Mostly utilizing a strengths based and family systems perspective/model.
(484) 603-6306 View (484) 603-6306
Photo of Noah K Carroll, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chester Springs, PA
Noah K Carroll
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSS, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chester Springs, PA 19425
Hi! I'm Noah, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and therapist. I work with a broad range of clients, and offer individual adult, adolescent and pediatric therapy; couples therapy and family therapy. My clients come to me with a range of needs and goals, but broadly I work with clients to foster healthy relationships, promote mental wellbeing and grit, and develop an overall sense of body-mind wellness. I specialize in the treatment of PTSD and complex trauma, anxiety, depression, mood disorders, complex grief, ADHD, and substance abuse.
Hi! I'm Noah, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and therapist. I work with a broad range of clients, and offer individual adult, adolescent and pediatric therapy; couples therapy and family therapy. My clients come to me with a range of needs and goals, but broadly I work with clients to foster healthy relationships, promote mental wellbeing and grit, and develop an overall sense of body-mind wellness. I specialize in the treatment of PTSD and complex trauma, anxiety, depression, mood disorders, complex grief, ADHD, and substance abuse.
(484) 265-9914 View (484) 265-9914
Photo of Richard Koenig, Psychologist in Chester Springs, PA
Richard Koenig
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chester Springs, PA 19425
I have been in practice thirty years. I see psychotherapy as a process of increasing self awareness, developing a more realistic and tolerant self esteem, and identifying and working through losses, disappointments and relational conflicts. This process enables reduction in pain, greater self acceptance, and comfort in relationships and family. This process occurs in a collaborative effort between you the client, and myself. The safe environment of the office allows for the full expression and understanding of what you experience, think, and feel. Our work together enables symptom relief, greater personal understanding, growth, responsibility and contentment.
I have been in practice thirty years. I see psychotherapy as a process of increasing self awareness, developing a more realistic and tolerant self esteem, and identifying and working through losses, disappointments and relational conflicts. This process enables reduction in pain, greater self acceptance, and comfort in relationships and family. This process occurs in a collaborative effort between you the client, and myself. The safe environment of the office allows for the full expression and understanding of what you experience, think, and feel. Our work together enables symptom relief, greater personal understanding, growth, responsibility and contentment.
(610) 915-8484 View (610) 915-8484
Photo of Whole Heart Counseling Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chester Springs, PA
Whole Heart Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMFT, NCC, MAC, CSAT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chester Springs, PA 19425
I'm a Board-Certified Licensed Professional Counselor, with a PhD in Marriage and Family Therapy, a Master's degree in Counseling, and another Masters degree in Education. I specialize in treating adult survivors of childhood trauma, neglect, and abuse. I'm also specially certified as a sexual addiction therapist (CSAT), and I work with adults who have ADHD, along with their partners. I am available for sessions at my office, and on-line for clients in OR, WA and PA.
I'm a Board-Certified Licensed Professional Counselor, with a PhD in Marriage and Family Therapy, a Master's degree in Counseling, and another Masters degree in Education. I specialize in treating adult survivors of childhood trauma, neglect, and abuse. I'm also specially certified as a sexual addiction therapist (CSAT), and I work with adults who have ADHD, along with their partners. I am available for sessions at my office, and on-line for clients in OR, WA and PA.
(971) 238-5110 View (971) 238-5110
Photo of Diane H McQueen, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chester Springs, PA
Diane H McQueen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Chester Springs, PA 19425
"I believe human emotions need to be taken seriously and my purpose is to help my clients do so. By assisting them to recognize and understand their feelings they will see their potential to change and be more effective in their interactions." Whatever the crisis: depression, lack of self-esteem, family conflict, loneliness, chemical dependency: I'm here to listen, to help, to counsel. In an atmosphere of privacy and confidentiality, we will develop an individualized plan that meets your specific needs.
"I believe human emotions need to be taken seriously and my purpose is to help my clients do so. By assisting them to recognize and understand their feelings they will see their potential to change and be more effective in their interactions." Whatever the crisis: depression, lack of self-esteem, family conflict, loneliness, chemical dependency: I'm here to listen, to help, to counsel. In an atmosphere of privacy and confidentiality, we will develop an individualized plan that meets your specific needs.
(484) 948-3555 View (484) 948-3555

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Theodore Meyer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chester Springs, PA
Theodore Meyer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA , LPC
Verified Verified
Phoenixville, PA 19453  (Online Only)
I am a licensed professional counselor that is person-centered and utilizes psychodynamic, existential and CBT/DBT/ACT approaches.
I view the mental health recovery process as similar to climbing a mountain: the first steps may feel overwhelming at times, however, therapy is a partnership where I can provide tools that help my clients get where they would like to go, while also building resiliency and strength for the future. Throughout the process, I will provide encouragement and at times, remind you to look back at how far you have come. Furthermore, I provide a non-judgmental and empathic space for this journey to occur.
I am a licensed professional counselor that is person-centered and utilizes psychodynamic, existential and CBT/DBT/ACT approaches.
I view the mental health recovery process as similar to climbing a mountain: the first steps may feel overwhelming at times, however, therapy is a partnership where I can provide tools that help my clients get where they would like to go, while also building resiliency and strength for the future. Throughout the process, I will provide encouragement and at times, remind you to look back at how far you have come. Furthermore, I provide a non-judgmental and empathic space for this journey to occur.
(610) 890-7944 View (610) 890-7944
Photo of Ali Holladay, Psychologist in Chester Springs, PA
Ali Holladay
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Malvern, PA 19355
I offer psychodynamic-based therapy to help you examine the way your early experiences and relationships have impacted your world.
The thought of therapy can be weird, overwhelming, or even exciting. However you got here, I’m excited for you to begin. Whether you need coping skills, to speak to an objective observer, or to figure out how to heal, I’m here to help you navigate the stressors and frustrations of the world around you. My goal is to create a warm and safe spot for you, and I will meet you where you are in your journey.
I offer psychodynamic-based therapy to help you examine the way your early experiences and relationships have impacted your world.
The thought of therapy can be weird, overwhelming, or even exciting. However you got here, I’m excited for you to begin. Whether you need coping skills, to speak to an objective observer, or to figure out how to heal, I’m here to help you navigate the stressors and frustrations of the world around you. My goal is to create a warm and safe spot for you, and I will meet you where you are in your journey.
View
Photo of John Driessnack, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chester Springs, PA
John Driessnack
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Downingtown, PA 19335  (Online Only)
Some of my other specialties include short-term, solution-focused therapy; cognitive behavioral therapy techniques; psychodynamic approaches; and marital counseling.
I am a licensed clinical social worker and specialize in helping people to effectively manage anxiety, depression, and other mental health concerns using cognitive behavioral techniques. I have worked with a range of populations, nearly all ages, and also have experience with couple's counseling and addiction treatment. I work with people to develop insight into the source of their problems, how their core beliefs about the world might be hindering their progress, and focus on their natural strengths to overcome those barriers with practical skills that generate sustainable change.
Some of my other specialties include short-term, solution-focused therapy; cognitive behavioral therapy techniques; psychodynamic approaches; and marital counseling.
I am a licensed clinical social worker and specialize in helping people to effectively manage anxiety, depression, and other mental health concerns using cognitive behavioral techniques. I have worked with a range of populations, nearly all ages, and also have experience with couple's counseling and addiction treatment. I work with people to develop insight into the source of their problems, how their core beliefs about the world might be hindering their progress, and focus on their natural strengths to overcome those barriers with practical skills that generate sustainable change.
(484) 290-1730 View (484) 290-1730
Photo of Patrick Borkland, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chester Springs, PA
Patrick Borkland
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
West Chester, PA 19380
Currently on a Waitlist for new couples and individuals! I focus on topics such as self-esteem, relational communication, shame, healthy relationships, and values-based living. I also work with clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, substance misuse, and experiences with trauma. I was trained in psychodynamic therapy, and so I adopt a more conversational and explorative approach to my work with clients. I believe that change and growth comes from healthy relationships - both with ourselves and with others. In this, I strive to use the therapeutic relationship as the basis for treatment.
Currently on a Waitlist for new couples and individuals! I focus on topics such as self-esteem, relational communication, shame, healthy relationships, and values-based living. I also work with clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, substance misuse, and experiences with trauma. I was trained in psychodynamic therapy, and so I adopt a more conversational and explorative approach to my work with clients. I believe that change and growth comes from healthy relationships - both with ourselves and with others. In this, I strive to use the therapeutic relationship as the basis for treatment.
(484) 346-0339 View (484) 346-0339
Photo of Armando Duvoli, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chester Springs, PA
Armando Duvoli
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335
I offer a psychodynamic perspective on treatment that is informed by cultural sensitivity and affirmative psychotherapy, and client-centered approaches.
An ideal client for me would be someone interested in exploring the past to understand better how it affects them in the current. Someone who wants to gain a better appreciation of themselves and live their life true to themselves. I tend to work best with clients who are motivated to explore themselves. I encourage clients to experience emotions in session and gain an understanding of where those feelings come from.
I offer a psychodynamic perspective on treatment that is informed by cultural sensitivity and affirmative psychotherapy, and client-centered approaches.
An ideal client for me would be someone interested in exploring the past to understand better how it affects them in the current. Someone who wants to gain a better appreciation of themselves and live their life true to themselves. I tend to work best with clients who are motivated to explore themselves. I encourage clients to experience emotions in session and gain an understanding of where those feelings come from.
(215) 607-7906 View (215) 607-7906
Photo of Christina O'Brien, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chester Springs, PA
Christina O'Brien
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MTBC, LPC
Verified Verified
Exton, PA 19341
Waitlist for new clients
Christina has and continues to enjoy working with a diverse array of clients, including chronic and/or terminal illness, the LGBTQA+ community, grief & loss, BIPOC, mood disorders, co-morbid mental illness, trauma survivors, substance abuse, adjudicated youth and adults in corrections, and children and adults with IDD needs. Christina uses techniques from person-centered humanism, MI, DBT, CBT, community-based support, psychodynamic theory, family-centered approach, motivational interviewing and therapeutic phenomenology.
Christina has and continues to enjoy working with a diverse array of clients, including chronic and/or terminal illness, the LGBTQA+ community, grief & loss, BIPOC, mood disorders, co-morbid mental illness, trauma survivors, substance abuse, adjudicated youth and adults in corrections, and children and adults with IDD needs. Christina uses techniques from person-centered humanism, MI, DBT, CBT, community-based support, psychodynamic theory, family-centered approach, motivational interviewing and therapeutic phenomenology.
(484) 946-4498 View (484) 946-4498
Photo of Sharon Kelly, Psychologist in Chester Springs, PA
Sharon Kelly
Psychologist, PsyD, MBA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Chester, PA 19380
Kelly is a licensed clinical psychologist with education and experience drawing from cognitive, psychodynamic and behavioral therapies.
In person and remote available. Therapy supports positive, healthy personal changes, improvement of anxiety and depression, and progress toward desired goals. Therapy helps clients improve relationships, cope with negative people or influences in their lives, and develop responsible, confident self-images. Individual Therapy, Couples or Co-Parenting Counseling and Life Coaching are available for all ages and backgrounds. The Gay St office is in the center of West Chester, near WCU and directly behind/adjacent to the Justice Center. St Peter’s office is situated along French Creek in historic St Peter's Village.
Kelly is a licensed clinical psychologist with education and experience drawing from cognitive, psychodynamic and behavioral therapies.
In person and remote available. Therapy supports positive, healthy personal changes, improvement of anxiety and depression, and progress toward desired goals. Therapy helps clients improve relationships, cope with negative people or influences in their lives, and develop responsible, confident self-images. Individual Therapy, Couples or Co-Parenting Counseling and Life Coaching are available for all ages and backgrounds. The Gay St office is in the center of West Chester, near WCU and directly behind/adjacent to the Justice Center. St Peter’s office is situated along French Creek in historic St Peter's Village.
(484) 602-2892 View (484) 602-2892
Victor Shklyarevsky
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Downingtown, PA 19335
He treats individuals across the life-span, utilizing a custom-tailored approach that includes psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, collaborative problem-solving and dialectical behavioral therapy informed skill-building.
Individual/Family/Couples Therapy (10-50), Children, Adolescents, Young Adults, Adults. Psychoeducational/Psychodiagnostic Assessment, Substance Abuse, Anger Management, AD/HD/Learning Disability, Life Transitions
He treats individuals across the life-span, utilizing a custom-tailored approach that includes psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, collaborative problem-solving and dialectical behavioral therapy informed skill-building.
Individual/Family/Couples Therapy (10-50), Children, Adolescents, Young Adults, Adults. Psychoeducational/Psychodiagnostic Assessment, Substance Abuse, Anger Management, AD/HD/Learning Disability, Life Transitions
(610) 616-4811 View (610) 616-4811
Photo of Katie Cohen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chester Springs, PA
Katie Cohen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Chester, PA 19383  (Online Only)
My approach to therapy is psychodynamic, client centered and integrative.
Therapy can be difficult to begin and I recognize the courage it takes to make this commitment to yourself. In this process, I am committed to a practice of non-judgment and empathy as we explore stressors and difficulties you are experiencing. We will work collaboratively to bring self-acceptance, creativity, and compassion into your everyday struggles. I work with adults experiencing a range of life challenges in the areas of anxiety, depression, stress, grief and loss, trauma, issues with alcohol and other substances, relationships, sexuality, gender identity, non-monogamy, polyamory, kink and others.
My approach to therapy is psychodynamic, client centered and integrative.
Therapy can be difficult to begin and I recognize the courage it takes to make this commitment to yourself. In this process, I am committed to a practice of non-judgment and empathy as we explore stressors and difficulties you are experiencing. We will work collaboratively to bring self-acceptance, creativity, and compassion into your everyday struggles. I work with adults experiencing a range of life challenges in the areas of anxiety, depression, stress, grief and loss, trauma, issues with alcohol and other substances, relationships, sexuality, gender identity, non-monogamy, polyamory, kink and others.
(215) 867-8930 View (215) 867-8930
Photo of Sabadish Psychotherapy Inc, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chester Springs, PA
Sabadish Psychotherapy Inc
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Exton, PA 19341
Treatment modalities include cognitive behavioral, mindfulness-based & psychodynamic.
I pay attention to what you are thinking & feeling! I have helped countless people in need for over 30 years including individuals, couples, & families overcome issues interfering with life enjoyment. To me, quality of life is everything. I want to find out what is important to you & how satisfied you really are. My techniques are the most reliable in finding peace & joy. Do you often feel like you are in a rut or just spinning your wheels? Relationship or anger concerns? Not realizing your full potential as a deserving human being? Being alienated from important relationships? Not feeling like your usual self? Let me help you.
Treatment modalities include cognitive behavioral, mindfulness-based & psychodynamic.
I pay attention to what you are thinking & feeling! I have helped countless people in need for over 30 years including individuals, couples, & families overcome issues interfering with life enjoyment. To me, quality of life is everything. I want to find out what is important to you & how satisfied you really are. My techniques are the most reliable in finding peace & joy. Do you often feel like you are in a rut or just spinning your wheels? Relationship or anger concerns? Not realizing your full potential as a deserving human being? Being alienated from important relationships? Not feeling like your usual self? Let me help you.
(610) 756-0395 View (610) 756-0395
Photo of Kathryn M. Enoch, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chester Springs, PA
Kathryn M. Enoch
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
West Chester, PA 19380
I am a Pennsylvania licensed psychotherapist specializing in the treatment of adults with co-occurring substance abuse and mental health disorders, anxiety and depression, trauma associated with sexual abuse, PTSD, couple's counseling, and LGBT issues. Facilitation of therapeutic sessions with a holistic approach to treatment which addresses a wide-range of client needs. Clinical framework is combined psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral therapies designed to help the client understand how the past impacts the present, to aid healing from traumatic events, and experience a fulfilling life.
I am a Pennsylvania licensed psychotherapist specializing in the treatment of adults with co-occurring substance abuse and mental health disorders, anxiety and depression, trauma associated with sexual abuse, PTSD, couple's counseling, and LGBT issues. Facilitation of therapeutic sessions with a holistic approach to treatment which addresses a wide-range of client needs. Clinical framework is combined psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral therapies designed to help the client understand how the past impacts the present, to aid healing from traumatic events, and experience a fulfilling life.
(610) 665-3923 View (610) 665-3923
Photo of Andrew Oostdyk, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chester Springs, PA
Andrew Oostdyk
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
West Chester, PA 19380
I practice through a psychodynamic framework with applied MI, CBT, and DBT intervention techniques.
My ideal client is one with motivation for self-care, openness to change, and a desire to learn more about themselves and others. My ideal population consists of adults with a mental health diagnosis of anxiety, depression, PTSD, substance use disorder, and other increasingly complex diagnoses. However, I am also devoted to assisting those seeking help without a defined diagnosis and who are beginning therapy without a clear vision of treatment needs. I welcome working with anyone who may benefit from my skillset who is dealing with life’s many challenges and searching for a clearer definition and understanding of their stressors.
I practice through a psychodynamic framework with applied MI, CBT, and DBT intervention techniques.
My ideal client is one with motivation for self-care, openness to change, and a desire to learn more about themselves and others. My ideal population consists of adults with a mental health diagnosis of anxiety, depression, PTSD, substance use disorder, and other increasingly complex diagnoses. However, I am also devoted to assisting those seeking help without a defined diagnosis and who are beginning therapy without a clear vision of treatment needs. I welcome working with anyone who may benefit from my skillset who is dealing with life’s many challenges and searching for a clearer definition and understanding of their stressors.
(484) 623-5299 View (484) 623-5299
Photo of Jason Carter, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chester Springs, PA
Jason Carter
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
West Chester, PA 19380
What's happening for you? Is something blocking or distressing you - interfering in your life? Is it a habit, a feeling, a nagging question, or a disaster? Is it a disconnect with someone? As a Licensed Professional Counselor with an emphasis on experiential-process, I believe unfolding our experiences in therapy is very helpful. Perhaps some situation, vexing thoughts, troubling feeling, or particular actions hold keys to unlocking a best way forward in your life.
What's happening for you? Is something blocking or distressing you - interfering in your life? Is it a habit, a feeling, a nagging question, or a disaster? Is it a disconnect with someone? As a Licensed Professional Counselor with an emphasis on experiential-process, I believe unfolding our experiences in therapy is very helpful. Perhaps some situation, vexing thoughts, troubling feeling, or particular actions hold keys to unlocking a best way forward in your life.
(610) 467-3969 View (610) 467-3969
Photo of Dayna Pizzigoni in Chester Springs, PA
Dayna Pizzigoni
PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Exton, PA 19341
Psychotherapy can bring light to darkness, hope to fear, and empowerment to stuck-places that weigh on us. I understand my role as your therapist as being a co-journeyer in your path through healing into a healthier, fulfilling life. My style focuses on reflective-empathetic listening to promote self-acceptance and awareness; cognitive flexibility and experimenting with new choices; and the affirmation of strengths. I have specialized experience with eating disorders, body image (HAES), and the effect of loved ones' addictions/alcoholism. I also value how culture, class, education, and power differences affect close relationships.
Psychotherapy can bring light to darkness, hope to fear, and empowerment to stuck-places that weigh on us. I understand my role as your therapist as being a co-journeyer in your path through healing into a healthier, fulfilling life. My style focuses on reflective-empathetic listening to promote self-acceptance and awareness; cognitive flexibility and experimenting with new choices; and the affirmation of strengths. I have specialized experience with eating disorders, body image (HAES), and the effect of loved ones' addictions/alcoholism. I also value how culture, class, education, and power differences affect close relationships.
(484) 276-5197 View (484) 276-5197

See more therapy options for Chester Springs


Psychodynamic Therapists

Is psychodynamic therapy evidence-based?

Studies have found psychodynamic therapy to be effective in treating conditions like social anxiety, eating disorders, chronic pain, some personality disorders, and depression; indeed, some studies have found it to be just as effective as CBT or medication. What’s more, several studies have found that the benefits of psychodynamic therapy tend to endure—even grow—long after treatment has ended.

How long does psychodynamic therapy last?

Unlike CBT and other more structured forms of therapy, psychodynamic therapy tends to be open-ended and may not be limited to a set number of sessions. It is common for clients to be in therapy for a year or longer and to see their therapist one to three times a week, though the exact schedule and timeline may vary depending on a client’s challenges and progress. However, brief psychodynamic therapy is available, which tends to be more goal-oriented and typically unfolds over 16 to 30 sessions.

Does psychodynamic therapy work?

Research finds that psychodynamic therapy can help someone manage or reduce symptoms of diagnosable mental health conditions like depression or anxiety. The modality may also offer a range of benefits that are harder to measure but just as valuable—such as increased self-worth or healthier relationships. While no therapy type will work for everyone, research and anecdotal evidence suggest that psychodynamic therapy can be highly effective.

What are the limitations of psychodynamic therapy?

Some meta-analyses have concluded that there is little evidence to suggest that psychodynamic therapy can effectively treat certain mental health conditions such as PTSD, OCD, or psychosis, though it is sometimes used to do so. More broadly, the open-ended, free-association structure of psychodynamic therapy may be frustrating for clients who prefer a more structured, time-limited, or goal-oriented approach.