Therapists in Northbrook, IL

Photo of Jan Gosselin, Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Jan Gosselin
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I am effective in helping adults young and old who struggle with anxiety, depression and low self-worth, and self-defeating patterns in their lives. Sometimes we feel too overwhelmed, ashamed, or discouraged to deal with these parts of ourselves, and need the help of an attuned listener to understand and work through our problems. The process of talking about your thoughts, feelings, and experiences within a trusting therapeutic relationship helps relieve emotional distress and increases your capacity to manage difficult feelings.
I am effective in helping adults young and old who struggle with anxiety, depression and low self-worth, and self-defeating patterns in their lives. Sometimes we feel too overwhelmed, ashamed, or discouraged to deal with these parts of ourselves, and need the help of an attuned listener to understand and work through our problems. The process of talking about your thoughts, feelings, and experiences within a trusting therapeutic relationship helps relieve emotional distress and increases your capacity to manage difficult feelings.
(847) 750-4421 View (847) 750-4421
Faith Ann Rys
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I utilize an eclectic approach to treatment. I primarily treat depression, anxiety, and trauma. I am trained in Cognitive Behavioral and Dialectal Behavioral Therapies. I graduated from the University of Michigan with a Master's in Social Work. I additionally underwent an intensive training program to help children, adolescents, and young adults heal from sexual assault. I managed an Adolescent Outpatient Mental Health and Substance Abuse Program. During this time, I developed several community and school-based adolescent groups. I conduct forensic evaluations for child sexual and physical abuse.
I utilize an eclectic approach to treatment. I primarily treat depression, anxiety, and trauma. I am trained in Cognitive Behavioral and Dialectal Behavioral Therapies. I graduated from the University of Michigan with a Master's in Social Work. I additionally underwent an intensive training program to help children, adolescents, and young adults heal from sexual assault. I managed an Adolescent Outpatient Mental Health and Substance Abuse Program. During this time, I developed several community and school-based adolescent groups. I conduct forensic evaluations for child sexual and physical abuse.
(847) 793-1266 View (847) 793-1266
Alex Reynish
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I'm Dr. Alex Reynish, a dedicated clinical psychologist with a passion for understanding the intricate workings of the human brain. With specialized expertise in neuropsychological testing, I am committed to unraveling the complexities of cognition, behavior, and emotions to empower individuals on their journey toward optimal mental well-being.
I'm Dr. Alex Reynish, a dedicated clinical psychologist with a passion for understanding the intricate workings of the human brain. With specialized expertise in neuropsychological testing, I am committed to unraveling the complexities of cognition, behavior, and emotions to empower individuals on their journey toward optimal mental well-being.
(847) 463-1041 View (847) 463-1041
Photo of Mashana Smith, Psychologist in Northbrook, IL
Mashana Smith
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist with over 20 years of experience. I work with adolescents, young adults and adults in individual, family, and couples therapy. For the past 25 years, I have committed myself to improving the mental health and well-being of children, teens, families and couples. I firmly believe that we are all able to move beyond merely surviving in our lives; with the right support, we are able to transition into a state of thriving. I look forward to providing tools and support for long-term growth and change to your and/or your family.
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist with over 20 years of experience. I work with adolescents, young adults and adults in individual, family, and couples therapy. For the past 25 years, I have committed myself to improving the mental health and well-being of children, teens, families and couples. I firmly believe that we are all able to move beyond merely surviving in our lives; with the right support, we are able to transition into a state of thriving. I look forward to providing tools and support for long-term growth and change to your and/or your family.
(847) 469-9258 View (847) 469-9258
Photo of Lisa Blumberg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northbrook, IL
Lisa Blumberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Making the decision to engage in therapy can be difficult and overwhelming. I invite adolescents, emerging adults, adults and couples to enter a confidential space where they are free to explore their experiences and emotions without judgement. My role is to assist clients in identifying the patterns that cause them to be stuck and help them develop strategies to improve confidence and engage with the important people in their lives more effectively.
Making the decision to engage in therapy can be difficult and overwhelming. I invite adolescents, emerging adults, adults and couples to enter a confidential space where they are free to explore their experiences and emotions without judgement. My role is to assist clients in identifying the patterns that cause them to be stuck and help them develop strategies to improve confidence and engage with the important people in their lives more effectively.
(847) 786-2764 View (847) 786-2764
Barry M Leavitt
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
As a highly-experienced clinical psychologist I have worked with a wide spectrum of therapy and evaluation issues within my private practice and multiple other treatment settings. I recognize the importance of seeing clients as individuals with unique strengths ,weaknesses and specific needs, and not simply as diagnostic labels or condtions. My approach to therapy is based on my inherent belief in change and on establishing a safe,secure and strong working relationship with my clients. I employ an eclectic approach relying upon well researched and effective treatment methods which best fit the specific needs and concerns of the individual client.
As a highly-experienced clinical psychologist I have worked with a wide spectrum of therapy and evaluation issues within my private practice and multiple other treatment settings. I recognize the importance of seeing clients as individuals with unique strengths ,weaknesses and specific needs, and not simply as diagnostic labels or condtions. My approach to therapy is based on my inherent belief in change and on establishing a safe,secure and strong working relationship with my clients. I employ an eclectic approach relying upon well researched and effective treatment methods which best fit the specific needs and concerns of the individual client.
(847) 752-9220 View (847) 752-9220
Photo of Jennifer Morales, Psychologist in Northbrook, IL
Jennifer Morales
Psychologist, Jennifer Morales, PsyD
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Life is difficult, is the opening sentence in the book, "The Road Less Traveled" and in so many ways truer words have never been written! Life truly can be difficult and challenging and each person faces unique struggles that can feel overwhelming and often times confusing. What we often need is the opportunity to process and explore the thoughts, feelings and experiences that create feelings of depression, anxiety, loss, loneliness, and fear. Looking at these areas that cause pain or difficulty allows us to open ourselves to the opportunity for growth and change and to move towards living a more full and meaningful life.
Life is difficult, is the opening sentence in the book, "The Road Less Traveled" and in so many ways truer words have never been written! Life truly can be difficult and challenging and each person faces unique struggles that can feel overwhelming and often times confusing. What we often need is the opportunity to process and explore the thoughts, feelings and experiences that create feelings of depression, anxiety, loss, loneliness, and fear. Looking at these areas that cause pain or difficulty allows us to open ourselves to the opportunity for growth and change and to move towards living a more full and meaningful life.
(224) 347-1524 View (224) 347-1524
Joan Costello
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Psychotherapy is a search to improve the emotional balance in one's life and to adjust the "fit" between personal preferences and social circumstances. By using a variety of strategies, it is often possible to reduce emotional obstacles and to open opportunities for a more satisfying daily life. As a psychologically experienced tour guide, I use academic and practical knowledge and the client-therapist relationship to help clarify thoughts and feelings and to suggest practical "homework".
Psychotherapy is a search to improve the emotional balance in one's life and to adjust the "fit" between personal preferences and social circumstances. By using a variety of strategies, it is often possible to reduce emotional obstacles and to open opportunities for a more satisfying daily life. As a psychologically experienced tour guide, I use academic and practical knowledge and the client-therapist relationship to help clarify thoughts and feelings and to suggest practical "homework".
(847) 469-4799 View (847) 469-4799
Photo of Jennifer Calliss, Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Jennifer Calliss
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor and have been in private practice since 2002. I have had my own practice for over 15 years and recently joined Lakeshore Psychology Group in Northbrook. I work with adolescents, adults, couples, and families around a myriad of clinical issues and emotional difficulties. I believe in building a trusting and supportive therapeutic relationship. I recognize that success comes with knowing someone believes that change can happen and I want to guide you through that process. My style is direct, engaging, supportive, and solution focused.
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor and have been in private practice since 2002. I have had my own practice for over 15 years and recently joined Lakeshore Psychology Group in Northbrook. I work with adolescents, adults, couples, and families around a myriad of clinical issues and emotional difficulties. I believe in building a trusting and supportive therapeutic relationship. I recognize that success comes with knowing someone believes that change can happen and I want to guide you through that process. My style is direct, engaging, supportive, and solution focused.
(847) 220-7965 View (847) 220-7965
Photo of North Shore Family Services, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northbrook, IL
North Shore Family Services, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
When you or your child/teen is struggling, you want strategies to combat challenges NOW. At North Shore Family Services, we empower kids, teens, and adults to learn tools, so they can succeed independently. Our goal is for children, teens, adults, parents, and couples to learn skills to be successful with school, peers, work, and family- long after therapy ends. We assist with IEP and 504 plans to help our children/teen clients succeed where they spend most of their day- out of their parents' sight. Parents are our partners in helping kids and teens learn life skills.
When you or your child/teen is struggling, you want strategies to combat challenges NOW. At North Shore Family Services, we empower kids, teens, and adults to learn tools, so they can succeed independently. Our goal is for children, teens, adults, parents, and couples to learn skills to be successful with school, peers, work, and family- long after therapy ends. We assist with IEP and 504 plans to help our children/teen clients succeed where they spend most of their day- out of their parents' sight. Parents are our partners in helping kids and teens learn life skills.
(224) 803-2468 x700 View (224) 803-2468 x700
Photo of Margaret Shouse, Licensed Professional Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Margaret Shouse
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
The ups and downs of everyday life can not only cause you uncertainty and exhaustion but can also make individuals feel stuck with what to do next. This can lead to us doubting our self-worth and our ability to live a more fulfilling life. As a therapist, I am here to meet you where you are at in this moment. I want to lend you a listening ear and provide you comfort in knowing that you have my full support. Any consistent nervousness or doubts will be met with kindness and patience as we work together to help navigate how to make your life more enjoyable.
The ups and downs of everyday life can not only cause you uncertainty and exhaustion but can also make individuals feel stuck with what to do next. This can lead to us doubting our self-worth and our ability to live a more fulfilling life. As a therapist, I am here to meet you where you are at in this moment. I want to lend you a listening ear and provide you comfort in knowing that you have my full support. Any consistent nervousness or doubts will be met with kindness and patience as we work together to help navigate how to make your life more enjoyable.
(224) 291-8865 View (224) 291-8865
Photo of Francesca Cottone, Licensed Professional Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Francesca Cottone
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
I support children, teens, adults, couples, and families on their journey through a holistic lens, while looking at the “whole person".  I am passionate about supporting those struggling with anxiety, anxiety related disorders (social anxiety, panic disorder, phobias), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), depression, self-esteem, body image, body dysmorphic disorder, body-focused repetitive behaviors, life transitions (school, motherhood, friendship, family, marriage, divorce, career, etc), relational difficulties, stress management, communication skills, chronic illness, and trauma.
I support children, teens, adults, couples, and families on their journey through a holistic lens, while looking at the “whole person".  I am passionate about supporting those struggling with anxiety, anxiety related disorders (social anxiety, panic disorder, phobias), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), depression, self-esteem, body image, body dysmorphic disorder, body-focused repetitive behaviors, life transitions (school, motherhood, friendship, family, marriage, divorce, career, etc), relational difficulties, stress management, communication skills, chronic illness, and trauma.
(224) 970-2547 x1 View (224) 970-2547 x1
Photo of Logan Wilz, Pre-Licensed Professional in Northbrook, IL
Logan Wilz
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, CADC, QMHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
Do you feel like something is holding you back in life, or in your relationships? Are you looking for someone who will provide you with an encouraging and validating space to help you or your child process feelings of anxiety, depression, changes in mood, or any other difficulties you may be experiencing? Regardless of the reasons that you to seek therapy, I approach my work with sensitivity and care, collaborating with clients to identify and pursue their personal goals. For me, therapy is more than just a profession; it's a heartfelt commitment.
Do you feel like something is holding you back in life, or in your relationships? Are you looking for someone who will provide you with an encouraging and validating space to help you or your child process feelings of anxiety, depression, changes in mood, or any other difficulties you may be experiencing? Regardless of the reasons that you to seek therapy, I approach my work with sensitivity and care, collaborating with clients to identify and pursue their personal goals. For me, therapy is more than just a profession; it's a heartfelt commitment.
(312) 728-7688 View (312) 728-7688
Photo of Erin Borton, Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Erin Borton
Counselor, MA, LCPC, CADC
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Erin’s typical client struggles with more than one issue, such as having an eating disorder and anxiety, substance abuse and trauma, etc. However, less complex client issues are welcome as well! Erin uses an approach that sets small steps to get to a bigger goal, so even the most “stuck” client can feel movement towards their desired life. Erin is encouraging and warm while being practical and realistic. She will start where you are and match a pace that is comfortable for you. She has experience in many different counseling approaches and will weave them together to make your treatment plan. Erin works with clients ages 12 and up.
Erin’s typical client struggles with more than one issue, such as having an eating disorder and anxiety, substance abuse and trauma, etc. However, less complex client issues are welcome as well! Erin uses an approach that sets small steps to get to a bigger goal, so even the most “stuck” client can feel movement towards their desired life. Erin is encouraging and warm while being practical and realistic. She will start where you are and match a pace that is comfortable for you. She has experience in many different counseling approaches and will weave them together to make your treatment plan. Erin works with clients ages 12 and up.
(847) 558-1416 x5 View (847) 558-1416 x5
Photo of Stephanie Keeshin, Licensed Professional Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Stephanie Keeshin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
Are you wanting a safe & judgement-free space to learn more about yourself? Are you going through a tough phase in life and looking for someone to support you? Or maybe you know that you want to implement changes but are having trouble taking the first step. I am here to support you and your goals! I am passionate about working with teens, young adults, adults, and new moms who present with a range of struggles such as anxiety, depression, eating disorders, self-esteem, perinatal/postpartum related struggles, life transitions and burnout. I strive to provide a safe and trusting space for my clients to work on their unique goals.
Are you wanting a safe & judgement-free space to learn more about yourself? Are you going through a tough phase in life and looking for someone to support you? Or maybe you know that you want to implement changes but are having trouble taking the first step. I am here to support you and your goals! I am passionate about working with teens, young adults, adults, and new moms who present with a range of struggles such as anxiety, depression, eating disorders, self-esteem, perinatal/postpartum related struggles, life transitions and burnout. I strive to provide a safe and trusting space for my clients to work on their unique goals.
(224) 706-1036 x1 View (224) 706-1036 x1
Photo of Susan D Cohen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northbrook, IL
Susan D Cohen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Are you struggling with stress, anxiety and depression in your everyday life? Are you feeling stuck -- in your personal life, in your job? Are you grappling with life transitions? If so, you're not alone. I understand life's ups and downs and can get you back on track. I love to help adolescents, young adults and adults make positive changes -- within themselves, in their relationships with others and in their lives. With more than 25 years of experience counseling children and families, I am familiar with a wide range of psychological issues. I focus on growth and change.
Are you struggling with stress, anxiety and depression in your everyday life? Are you feeling stuck -- in your personal life, in your job? Are you grappling with life transitions? If so, you're not alone. I understand life's ups and downs and can get you back on track. I love to help adolescents, young adults and adults make positive changes -- within themselves, in their relationships with others and in their lives. With more than 25 years of experience counseling children and families, I am familiar with a wide range of psychological issues. I focus on growth and change.
(224) 326-3085 View (224) 326-3085
Photo of Tracy Trauscht, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northbrook, IL
Tracy Trauscht
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
I treat clients aged 18 (high school graduated) and up. I work best with clients who are ready to invest in meaningful change through a collaborative and thoughtful process. We all face challenges, and need support along the way. My process involves identification of intentions and values that support small gains in the moment that result in the achievement of larger goals over time. I start with a detailed assessment. Together we will create a treatment plan that is designed to help the client observe and experience the changes both large and small.
I treat clients aged 18 (high school graduated) and up. I work best with clients who are ready to invest in meaningful change through a collaborative and thoughtful process. We all face challenges, and need support along the way. My process involves identification of intentions and values that support small gains in the moment that result in the achievement of larger goals over time. I start with a detailed assessment. Together we will create a treatment plan that is designed to help the client observe and experience the changes both large and small.
(847) 780-9517 View (847) 780-9517
Photo of Leigh Neiman Weisz, Psychologist in Northbrook, IL
Leigh Neiman Weisz
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and I work with children,adolescents, families, and individual adults. My work focuses on helping people get "unstuck" when they are struggling, whether it be in coping with a stressor such as divorce, blending of families, loss, illness, relational problems. With children, I believe that it is much easier to get them back on track-- towards their developmental trajectory the earlier I treat them so often use play therapy with young children. I help provide all clients tools for coping better in their lives.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and I work with children,adolescents, families, and individual adults. My work focuses on helping people get "unstuck" when they are struggling, whether it be in coping with a stressor such as divorce, blending of families, loss, illness, relational problems. With children, I believe that it is much easier to get them back on track-- towards their developmental trajectory the earlier I treat them so often use play therapy with young children. I help provide all clients tools for coping better in their lives.
(847) 380-8256 View (847) 380-8256
Photo of Amy Springer Robinson, Licensed Social Worker in Northbrook, IL
Amy Springer Robinson
Licensed Social Worker, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
Maybe you have been living with depression and anxiety or feeling outcasted in life for as long as you can remember. Perhaps you're an adult who was recently given or is self-diagnosed as neurodivergent. You could be an individual, couple, or polycule seeking out new ways to build and maintain healthy intimacy or looking to explore your varying personal and sexual identities. No matter what brings you to therapy, I firmly believe that human connection is at the center of each of our past, present, and future lived experiences.
Maybe you have been living with depression and anxiety or feeling outcasted in life for as long as you can remember. Perhaps you're an adult who was recently given or is self-diagnosed as neurodivergent. You could be an individual, couple, or polycule seeking out new ways to build and maintain healthy intimacy or looking to explore your varying personal and sexual identities. No matter what brings you to therapy, I firmly believe that human connection is at the center of each of our past, present, and future lived experiences.
(224) 222-1372 View (224) 222-1372
Photo of Paramount Counseling Services, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northbrook, IL
Paramount Counseling Services, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
We are a group of experienced therapists supporting individuals through life's ups and downs to meet their personal goals. We have expertise and training to effectively work with individuals experiencing various behavioral health and other life issues.
We are a group of experienced therapists supporting individuals through life's ups and downs to meet their personal goals. We have expertise and training to effectively work with individuals experiencing various behavioral health and other life issues.
(847) 348-8163 View (847) 348-8163

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Northbrook, IL

500+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Northbrook, IL who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
92% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Coping Skills
67% Stress
65% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% BlueCross and BlueShield
41% Aetna
35% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Northbrook, IL see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Northbrook?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.