Psychoanalytic Therapists in Earlville, NY

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More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Sarah Law, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Earlville, NY
Sarah Law
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Hamilton, NY 13346
Not accepting new clients
The relationship between a Client and their Therapist is a partnership based on trust, respect and the continued belief that people can make meaningful and lasting change in their lives. I approach my practice with positivity and humor, with an understanding that we are all doing our best to feel and do better. I am seeking clients that are motivated and ready to put steps into action. I aim to act as a coach and guide as you embark on the changes you hope to see in your life, whether it be addressing feelings of depression and anxiety, or by developing behaviors that support your continued growth and recovery.
The relationship between a Client and their Therapist is a partnership based on trust, respect and the continued belief that people can make meaningful and lasting change in their lives. I approach my practice with positivity and humor, with an understanding that we are all doing our best to feel and do better. I am seeking clients that are motivated and ready to put steps into action. I aim to act as a coach and guide as you embark on the changes you hope to see in your life, whether it be addressing feelings of depression and anxiety, or by developing behaviors that support your continued growth and recovery.
(315) 220-9982 View (315) 220-9982

Online Therapists

Photo of Chiyoko Frank - Jungian Analyst, Psychologist in Earlville, NY
Chiyoko Frank - Jungian Analyst
Psychologist, PhD, IAAP
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850  (Online Only)
Please note that my practice is for adults residing in New York State only. Today you are one step closer to a new personal space where you feel empowered and enabled to experience your true personal freedom. We often limit our personal freedom and our way to happiness because of our fear of expressing our true self, not the false self which is dictated by others. My goal is to help you uncover your true self and lead a balanced life that is truly meaningful to you. I use Jungian Psychoanalytic therapy primarily, but I also use other modalities such as Mindfulness-based or Existential psychotherapy at times.
Please note that my practice is for adults residing in New York State only. Today you are one step closer to a new personal space where you feel empowered and enabled to experience your true personal freedom. We often limit our personal freedom and our way to happiness because of our fear of expressing our true self, not the false self which is dictated by others. My goal is to help you uncover your true self and lead a balanced life that is truly meaningful to you. I use Jungian Psychoanalytic therapy primarily, but I also use other modalities such as Mindfulness-based or Existential psychotherapy at times.
(917) 920-9795 View (917) 920-9795
Photo of Tiffany Frances Scott, Mental Health Counselor in Earlville, NY
Tiffany Frances Scott
Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Johnson City, NY 13790
I specialize in working with children, families, teens, and young adults. I have training in several therapeutic approaches and identify as an eclectic therapist, drawing from many modalities to create a personalized experience that is suited to your or your child's needs. You can expect the incorporation of psychoanalytic, cognitive behavioral, narrative, play, and expressive art therapy depending on what is best suited for the individual.
I specialize in working with children, families, teens, and young adults. I have training in several therapeutic approaches and identify as an eclectic therapist, drawing from many modalities to create a personalized experience that is suited to your or your child's needs. You can expect the incorporation of psychoanalytic, cognitive behavioral, narrative, play, and expressive art therapy depending on what is best suited for the individual.
(607) 298-8512 View (607) 298-8512
Photo of Reyna Ramirez-Guest, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Earlville, NY
Reyna Ramirez-Guest
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I integrate anti-oppressive, trauma informed, experiential, psychodynamic, and relational psychoanalytic approaches in our work together to alleviate your distress and help you understand how lived experiences have shaped your consciousness.
Looking for an affirming, safe, nonjudgmental space where you can be yourself? Together we can work through whatever challenges you are facing to meet goals that have seemed difficult to attain. My intention is to pave the way toward healing, acceptance of your full authentic self, and long-term growth. Drawing on knowledge from queer, and critical race theory, we will work collaboratively to help you navigate systemic issues and its impact on your intersecting identities.
I integrate anti-oppressive, trauma informed, experiential, psychodynamic, and relational psychoanalytic approaches in our work together to alleviate your distress and help you understand how lived experiences have shaped your consciousness.
Looking for an affirming, safe, nonjudgmental space where you can be yourself? Together we can work through whatever challenges you are facing to meet goals that have seemed difficult to attain. My intention is to pave the way toward healing, acceptance of your full authentic self, and long-term growth. Drawing on knowledge from queer, and critical race theory, we will work collaboratively to help you navigate systemic issues and its impact on your intersecting identities.
(718) 215-9109 View (718) 215-9109
Photo of Rachel Watson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Earlville, NY
Rachel Watson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Saratoga Springs, NY 12866  (Online Only)
Beginning therapy can be a challenge, and finding a therapist who is the right fit for you may be an additional challenge. As a Psychotherapist, I specialize in management of Trauma/PTSD, Anxiety, Life Transitions, Relationship Issues, Depression and Personality Disorders. I believe that a variety of treatment approaches are needed to best serve each client. I take a psychoanalytic and eclectic approach, and practice Psychotherapy informed by concepts of Cognitive Processing Therapy, Internal Family Systems Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy. My role is to be both a "coach" and supporter.
Beginning therapy can be a challenge, and finding a therapist who is the right fit for you may be an additional challenge. As a Psychotherapist, I specialize in management of Trauma/PTSD, Anxiety, Life Transitions, Relationship Issues, Depression and Personality Disorders. I believe that a variety of treatment approaches are needed to best serve each client. I take a psychoanalytic and eclectic approach, and practice Psychotherapy informed by concepts of Cognitive Processing Therapy, Internal Family Systems Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy. My role is to be both a "coach" and supporter.
(518) 760-6539 View (518) 760-6539
Photo of Julie Demeter Darling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Earlville, NY
Julie Demeter Darling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12203
Trained in psychoanalytic social work, Jungian dream work and short-term, crisis solution-centered psychotherapies, I combine the modality that best suits a client's motivation, interests and concerns.
Individuals of all ages, nationalities, gender, and sexual orientation are welcomed. The populations I work with include individuals, couples, students as well as  extended and blended families.
Trained in psychoanalytic social work, Jungian dream work and short-term, crisis solution-centered psychotherapies, I combine the modality that best suits a client's motivation, interests and concerns.
Individuals of all ages, nationalities, gender, and sexual orientation are welcomed. The populations I work with include individuals, couples, students as well as  extended and blended families.
(518) 327-4237 View (518) 327-4237
Photo of Rachel Greenspan, Pre-Licensed Professional in Earlville, NY
Rachel Greenspan
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401
The ordinary acts of speaking and listening, in the extraordinary context of the psychoanalytic setting, make it possible to discover oneself anew, or perhaps for the very first time.
The ordinary acts of speaking and listening, in the extraordinary context of the psychoanalytic setting, make it possible to discover oneself anew, or perhaps for the very first time.
(914) 354-3235 View (914) 354-3235
Photo of Emily Breitkopf in Earlville, NY
Emily Breitkopf
PhD
Verified Verified
Hudson, NY 12534
I am a psychoanalytic psychologist working remotely with folks across NYS and in person in Hudson, NY. I think of therapy as a way to help people get more used to what living feels like. For some who come in for therapy, living has felt relatively smooth, and they’re drawn to session to get help with specific struggles that have come up suddenly. For others, living has felt too hard for quite some time. In our sessions, we learn how to sense our way through these experiences together. We’ll explore how it feels to invite a witness in to your experience and we’ll deepen your ability to care for yourself as you move through life.
I am a psychoanalytic psychologist working remotely with folks across NYS and in person in Hudson, NY. I think of therapy as a way to help people get more used to what living feels like. For some who come in for therapy, living has felt relatively smooth, and they’re drawn to session to get help with specific struggles that have come up suddenly. For others, living has felt too hard for quite some time. In our sessions, we learn how to sense our way through these experiences together. We’ll explore how it feels to invite a witness in to your experience and we’ll deepen your ability to care for yourself as you move through life.
(347) 378-0646 View (347) 378-0646
Photo of Violeta A Teslev-Klett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Earlville, NY
Violeta A Teslev-Klett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Owego, NY 13827
Since 2007 I've worked as a mental health practitioner using psychoanalytic therapy with children and adults.
There are moments in your life when you wake up and find yourself filled with unexplainable dread, unrelenting anger or sadness. As a parent or a partner you try to offer the best of you and yet the feeling of failure or lack of satisfaction is often there. What if you could have a space which could help you find a way to understand these things, find an answer, a solution? What if your child has difficulties making friends, is unmotivated to do the homework, isolates more, maybe even starts to lie? What if he/she needs that space as well? It can be challenging to be an adult but growing up, can be difficult as well.
Since 2007 I've worked as a mental health practitioner using psychoanalytic therapy with children and adults.
There are moments in your life when you wake up and find yourself filled with unexplainable dread, unrelenting anger or sadness. As a parent or a partner you try to offer the best of you and yet the feeling of failure or lack of satisfaction is often there. What if you could have a space which could help you find a way to understand these things, find an answer, a solution? What if your child has difficulties making friends, is unmotivated to do the homework, isolates more, maybe even starts to lie? What if he/she needs that space as well? It can be challenging to be an adult but growing up, can be difficult as well.
(607) 354-4612 View (607) 354-4612
Photo of Betsy A Hallerman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Earlville, NY
Betsy A Hallerman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Olivebridge, NY 12461
Good therapy focuses on helping people overcome obstacles to living a productive and fulfilling life -- whether in relationships, work, or creative self-expression. As a psychotherapist in practice for 25+ years, my aim is to create an environment where patients can learn about themselves, grow, and, most important, change. My work has been guided by my social work background and psychoanalytic training, and has been deeply influenced by my connection to dance and the arts. I work with people of all ages and backgrounds who struggle with anxiety, depression, personality problems, bereavement, life-threatening illnesses, and family/relationship issues.
Good therapy focuses on helping people overcome obstacles to living a productive and fulfilling life -- whether in relationships, work, or creative self-expression. As a psychotherapist in practice for 25+ years, my aim is to create an environment where patients can learn about themselves, grow, and, most important, change. My work has been guided by my social work background and psychoanalytic training, and has been deeply influenced by my connection to dance and the arts. I work with people of all ages and backgrounds who struggle with anxiety, depression, personality problems, bereavement, life-threatening illnesses, and family/relationship issues.
(646) 480-7046 View (646) 480-7046
Photo of Karen Nelson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Earlville, NY
Karen Nelson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
12 Endorsed
Saugerties, NY 12477
I have post-graduate certificates in psychoanalytic psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, & trauma studies; I provide ketamine-assisted psychotherapy, and EMDR certified.
The path of self-discovery and fulfillment is one of the most profound journeys on which we embark. This path requires that we are witnessed and supported by another so that we can develop a loving and accepting relationship with our true selves. My role as your therapist is to help guide and support your unique process of self-discovery. We will identify and then heal any self-destructive behaviors, limiting beliefs, addictive behaviors, and/or unhealthy relationships so you can know your true self and reach your potential towards a fulfilling life with purpose. Visit my website: www.karennelsonlcsw.com
I have post-graduate certificates in psychoanalytic psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, & trauma studies; I provide ketamine-assisted psychotherapy, and EMDR certified.
The path of self-discovery and fulfillment is one of the most profound journeys on which we embark. This path requires that we are witnessed and supported by another so that we can develop a loving and accepting relationship with our true selves. My role as your therapist is to help guide and support your unique process of self-discovery. We will identify and then heal any self-destructive behaviors, limiting beliefs, addictive behaviors, and/or unhealthy relationships so you can know your true self and reach your potential towards a fulfilling life with purpose. Visit my website: www.karennelsonlcsw.com
(646) 600-9247 View (646) 600-9247
Photo of Tricia Lynn Park, Psychologist in Earlville, NY
Tricia Lynn Park
Psychologist, PhD, RN
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13215  (Online Only)
Dr. Tricia Park has approximately 25 years of experience working as a clinical psychologist. Her passion is helping hurt people regain their lives, sense of direction, and wellness. She assists clients in discovering the roots of their present-day issues and works to foster healthy self-perceptions and relationships. She is skilled in various approaches, including EMDR, CBT, psychoanalytic, solutions-focused, and ACT. Dedicated and empathic, Dr. Park gears treatment to patient needs and offers short- and long-term psychotherapy.
Dr. Tricia Park has approximately 25 years of experience working as a clinical psychologist. Her passion is helping hurt people regain their lives, sense of direction, and wellness. She assists clients in discovering the roots of their present-day issues and works to foster healthy self-perceptions and relationships. She is skilled in various approaches, including EMDR, CBT, psychoanalytic, solutions-focused, and ACT. Dedicated and empathic, Dr. Park gears treatment to patient needs and offers short- and long-term psychotherapy.
(315) 961-8818 View (315) 961-8818
Photo of Robin Murray, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Earlville, NY
Robin Murray
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWR, LICSW
Verified Verified
Hudson, NY 12534
My name is Robin Murray. I am a licensed clinical social worker and a certified psychoanalytic psychotherapist in New York and Massachusetts. I have an office in Hudson, New York and New York City. Psychotherapy can help in subtle but profound ways. My work with patients struggling with relationship concerns, depression, anxiety, persistent mental illness, trauma, addiction, social stigma has taught me about resiliency and healing. Working as a psychotherapist involves academic training, continuing education and a fundamental belief in our capacity to grow, change and recover.
My name is Robin Murray. I am a licensed clinical social worker and a certified psychoanalytic psychotherapist in New York and Massachusetts. I have an office in Hudson, New York and New York City. Psychotherapy can help in subtle but profound ways. My work with patients struggling with relationship concerns, depression, anxiety, persistent mental illness, trauma, addiction, social stigma has taught me about resiliency and healing. Working as a psychotherapist involves academic training, continuing education and a fundamental belief in our capacity to grow, change and recover.
(646) 576-7451 View (646) 576-7451
Photo of Dr. Marisol Valencia-Payne, Psychologist in Earlville, NY
Dr. Marisol Valencia-Payne
Psychologist, Psy D, M A
Verified Verified
Victor, NY 14564  (Online Only)
My background is in psychodynamic and psychoanalytic therapies; I have also trained in CBT, DBT, systems, and humanistic approaches and utilize an integrated approach.
Reaching out is often the toughest step and it is very important (and can be rewarding) to find the right fit! Each individual has their own unique story and experiences and therefore deserving of an individualized approach to therapy. The therapeutic relationship should foster one's personal journey to self exploration and growth. My goal is to help you find your best fit and support you in your personal growth, healing, and self-empowering journey. My approach is often described as supportive, warm, empowering, challenging (when you need it), and humorous.
My background is in psychodynamic and psychoanalytic therapies; I have also trained in CBT, DBT, systems, and humanistic approaches and utilize an integrated approach.
Reaching out is often the toughest step and it is very important (and can be rewarding) to find the right fit! Each individual has their own unique story and experiences and therefore deserving of an individualized approach to therapy. The therapeutic relationship should foster one's personal journey to self exploration and growth. My goal is to help you find your best fit and support you in your personal growth, healing, and self-empowering journey. My approach is often described as supportive, warm, empowering, challenging (when you need it), and humorous.
(585) 541-3285 View (585) 541-3285
Photo of Michael J Miller, Psychologist in Earlville, NY
Michael J Miller
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13210
I am a psychoanalytic and existential psychologist. I am best suited to working with people who are motivated to question themselves, highly open to exploration, and willing to tolerate ambiguity and forego ready-made advice. If you feel ready to do the "deep" work that you may have avoided in therapy before, we may be a good match. Please see my website at www.michaelmillerphd.com for more information.
I am a psychoanalytic and existential psychologist. I am best suited to working with people who are motivated to question themselves, highly open to exploration, and willing to tolerate ambiguity and forego ready-made advice. If you feel ready to do the "deep" work that you may have avoided in therapy before, we may be a good match. Please see my website at www.michaelmillerphd.com for more information.
(315) 895-1799 View (315) 895-1799
Photo of Jamie Lacy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Earlville, NY
Jamie Lacy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
16 Endorsed
Saugerties, NY 12477
I earned my Masters of Social Work from Smith College School for Social Work and a Certificate in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy from The Training Institute for Mental Health.
I believe therapy can offer an opportunity to find clarity, to better understand overwhelming experiences, as well as to grow from difficult times. I specialize in working with individuals struggling with their relationships, dealing with trauma, and coping with stress, anger, depression and anxiety. Regardless of the struggle, I believe the most important piece of therapy is tailoring each individual's therapy to their unique needs in order to assist the growth and change necessary to feel better. Visit my website at www.JamieLacyPsychotherapy.com for more information.
I earned my Masters of Social Work from Smith College School for Social Work and a Certificate in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy from The Training Institute for Mental Health.
I believe therapy can offer an opportunity to find clarity, to better understand overwhelming experiences, as well as to grow from difficult times. I specialize in working with individuals struggling with their relationships, dealing with trauma, and coping with stress, anger, depression and anxiety. Regardless of the struggle, I believe the most important piece of therapy is tailoring each individual's therapy to their unique needs in order to assist the growth and change necessary to feel better. Visit my website at www.JamieLacyPsychotherapy.com for more information.
(347) 514-6706 View (347) 514-6706
Photo of Tracy Sidesinger, Psychologist in Earlville, NY
Tracy Sidesinger
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Accord, NY 12404
I am a clinical psychologist and psychoanalytic psychotherapist.
Who you share your stories with matters. This is one of the reasons why choosing a therapist is so personal and important. There are many connections that shape your life. However, life doesn’t have to be dictated by previous experiences or fate. You have the capacity to make choices with the stories you're born into, and live these stories forward in new ways. The understanding that occurs in therapy creates the freedom to live meaningfully, especially when shared with a therapist who has broad experience and intuitive sensitivity to your concerns.
I am a clinical psychologist and psychoanalytic psychotherapist.
Who you share your stories with matters. This is one of the reasons why choosing a therapist is so personal and important. There are many connections that shape your life. However, life doesn’t have to be dictated by previous experiences or fate. You have the capacity to make choices with the stories you're born into, and live these stories forward in new ways. The understanding that occurs in therapy creates the freedom to live meaningfully, especially when shared with a therapist who has broad experience and intuitive sensitivity to your concerns.
(516) 701-3324 View (516) 701-3324
Photo of Jennifer Capobianco, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Earlville, NY
Jennifer Capobianco
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401
In addition to working with adults and couples I provide clinical supervision to candidates in psychoanalytic training at Institute for Contemporary Psychotherapy.
Experience has taught me that there is no single script for a successful therapeutic endeavor. You bring to each encounter exactly what you are experiencing in the moment. You may arrive looking for clarity, healing, or hope. Our task is to clear some space to enable new thoughts and perspectives to emerge. Insight can lead to change, but not always in a straight line. Our ongoing conversation is the place of discovery, dynamic struggle, and meaning making, all of which contribute to new ways of relating and perceiving.
In addition to working with adults and couples I provide clinical supervision to candidates in psychoanalytic training at Institute for Contemporary Psychotherapy.
Experience has taught me that there is no single script for a successful therapeutic endeavor. You bring to each encounter exactly what you are experiencing in the moment. You may arrive looking for clarity, healing, or hope. Our task is to clear some space to enable new thoughts and perspectives to emerge. Insight can lead to change, but not always in a straight line. Our ongoing conversation is the place of discovery, dynamic struggle, and meaning making, all of which contribute to new ways of relating and perceiving.
(212) 229-8134 View (212) 229-8134
Photo of Daphne Haddock, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Earlville, NY
Daphne Haddock
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oneonta, NY 13820
I am a licensed psychotherapist with training in psychoanalytic treatment, with additional training in holistic nutrition, yoga and meditation.
Let’s find out why you may be repeating old behavioral patterns, help you resolve challenges, and find new ways of doing things. Working through obstacles together, we will work in a psychodynamic and interpersonal framework. I am a great listener and deeply care about our work, you, and the process. Through a relationship that feels collaborative, in a safe and healthy holding environment we will explore what you are experiencing and work towards achieving your goals. I have additional training in holistic nutrition, yoga and meditation, which brings an understanding of the Mind Body connection to the therapeutic process.
I am a licensed psychotherapist with training in psychoanalytic treatment, with additional training in holistic nutrition, yoga and meditation.
Let’s find out why you may be repeating old behavioral patterns, help you resolve challenges, and find new ways of doing things. Working through obstacles together, we will work in a psychodynamic and interpersonal framework. I am a great listener and deeply care about our work, you, and the process. Through a relationship that feels collaborative, in a safe and healthy holding environment we will explore what you are experiencing and work towards achieving your goals. I have additional training in holistic nutrition, yoga and meditation, which brings an understanding of the Mind Body connection to the therapeutic process.
(646) 907-6370 View (646) 907-6370
Photo of Lisa Miller, Counselor in Earlville, NY
Lisa Miller
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12205  (Online Only)
NEW: I will be offering a in-person mindfulness group to begin in February 2024. Email me for more information. I work with adults experiencing a variety of mental health symptoms. Treatment focuses include anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship difficulties, interpersonal conflicts, and general life stressors. If you are experiencing any of these and are ready for relief, I can help. During sessions I will assist you with processing life events, exploring the root cause of symptoms, healing from emotional pain, and learning effective coping skills. I provide a judgment free space to explore symptoms and learn how to heal.
NEW: I will be offering a in-person mindfulness group to begin in February 2024. Email me for more information. I work with adults experiencing a variety of mental health symptoms. Treatment focuses include anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship difficulties, interpersonal conflicts, and general life stressors. If you are experiencing any of these and are ready for relief, I can help. During sessions I will assist you with processing life events, exploring the root cause of symptoms, healing from emotional pain, and learning effective coping skills. I provide a judgment free space to explore symptoms and learn how to heal.
(518) 919-3921 View (518) 919-3921
Psychoanalytic Therapists

Does psychoanalytic therapy work?

Psychoanalytic therapy derives from the work of Sigmund Freud. In this type of therapy, discovering buried thoughts and emotions from the unconscious will help a person work through their difficulties and negative behaviors. Research shows that psychoanalytic therapy can be highly effective, with patients reporting improvement in mood, quality of life, and overall well-being.

How long are people typically in psychoanalytic therapy?

Traditional psychoanalysis is in-depth and is conducted in five sessions every week. Today, modern psychoanalytic therapy is less intense and normally incorporates as few as one or two sessions a week. In some cases, positive change can occur quickly. However, if the condition, difficulty, or behavior is deep-seated, improvement may require many months or years of therapy.

Is psychoanalytic therapy suitable for young people?

Children and adolescents can benefit from this type of therapy. Many kids and teens are often unable to form and communicate their thoughts and emotions. Psychoanalytic therapy uses specific techniques such as dream analysis, symbolism, and free association or word association; all of which can be useful tools for less-communicative young people. Through this therapy, a patient will hopefully make connections between what they feel inside and how the world works outside.

Can psychoanalytic therapy be done online?

Modern-day psychoanalytic therapy is very different from traditional psychoanalysis. While an individual can sit face-to-face with the psychoanalyst for multiple sessions a week, they do not have to. Today, psychoanalytic therapy can be effectively conducted online or by phone. The key is that the individual confronts what is repressed and avoided, and this can be done whether in person or over online video.