Therapists in Dover, MA

Photo of Alicia Fitzpatrick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dover, MA
Alicia Fitzpatrick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with people using a strength based approach helping to empower them to make the best possible choices for their future. I have many years of experience working with a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, family, relationship, parenting and women's issues. The use of cognitive behavioral therapy modified to meet individual needs combined with mindfulness and traditional talk therapy to explore patterns of behaviors, changing negative patterns and increasing coping skills has made a positive impact on my clients.
I enjoy working with people using a strength based approach helping to empower them to make the best possible choices for their future. I have many years of experience working with a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, family, relationship, parenting and women's issues. The use of cognitive behavioral therapy modified to meet individual needs combined with mindfulness and traditional talk therapy to explore patterns of behaviors, changing negative patterns and increasing coping skills has made a positive impact on my clients.
(781) 775-3832 View (781) 775-3832
Photo of Shannon Albarelli, Psychologist in Dover, MA
Shannon Albarelli
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030  (Online Only)
Shannon Albarelli, Psy.D. helps people navigate the stressors of modern life by providing them with skills and giving them perspective to generate wellness from the inside out. Dr. Albarelli works with children, adolescents and adults and has a clinical specialization in health psychology with an emphasis on wellness and mind/body medicine. Dr. Albarelli has extensive experience working with anxiety and depression. She is highly regarded in her field for her ability to connect, transform and elevate those she works with.
Shannon Albarelli, Psy.D. helps people navigate the stressors of modern life by providing them with skills and giving them perspective to generate wellness from the inside out. Dr. Albarelli works with children, adolescents and adults and has a clinical specialization in health psychology with an emphasis on wellness and mind/body medicine. Dr. Albarelli has extensive experience working with anxiety and depression. She is highly regarded in her field for her ability to connect, transform and elevate those she works with.
(973) 870-0387 View (973) 870-0387
Photo of Alexa Moubarak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dover, MA
Alexa Moubarak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030
You don't need to bear that heavy burden alone. Whatever struggles you're facing, however exhausted or critical you may feel towards yourself, or how bleak things seem right now, know that therapy offers a space to share that weight. Together, we'll take a comprehensive approach to support both your mind and body. We'll delve into the root causes of your challenges, relieve stress through lifestyle adjustments and processing, and learn practical, evidence-based techniques to enhance your daily life. Our goal is to guide your body back to a state of relaxation, where joy can once again be felt.
You don't need to bear that heavy burden alone. Whatever struggles you're facing, however exhausted or critical you may feel towards yourself, or how bleak things seem right now, know that therapy offers a space to share that weight. Together, we'll take a comprehensive approach to support both your mind and body. We'll delve into the root causes of your challenges, relieve stress through lifestyle adjustments and processing, and learn practical, evidence-based techniques to enhance your daily life. Our goal is to guide your body back to a state of relaxation, where joy can once again be felt.
(508) 514-5607 View (508) 514-5607
Photo of Madeline Panella, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dover, MA
Madeline Panella
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030
Madeline is a Licensed Certified Social Worker and a graduate of Lesley University and Boston University. Madeline's training has included 10 years of experience guiding teens and young adults through complex trauma using trauma informed practice, psychoeducation, empowerment work, behavioral intervention, and skill building. Additionally, Madeline also has experience working in group homes, community social work settings with adults, and running groups.
Madeline is a Licensed Certified Social Worker and a graduate of Lesley University and Boston University. Madeline's training has included 10 years of experience guiding teens and young adults through complex trauma using trauma informed practice, psychoeducation, empowerment work, behavioral intervention, and skill building. Additionally, Madeline also has experience working in group homes, community social work settings with adults, and running groups.
(508) 850-0694 View (508) 850-0694
Photo of Tia Lewandowski, Counselor in Dover, MA
Tia Lewandowski
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dover, MA 02030  (Online Only)
Welcome! As a licensed therapist, I am dedicated to helping individuals overcome life's challenges and find their path to healing and growth. With expertise in post-traumatic stress, grief, anxiety, and ADHD, I have gained diverse experiences throughout my professional career. These experiences include providing individual therapeutic services, developing group curriculum, and conducting training in recovery facilities. Additionally, I've had the privilege of offering individual counseling to clients of all ages with a wide range of needs.
Welcome! As a licensed therapist, I am dedicated to helping individuals overcome life's challenges and find their path to healing and growth. With expertise in post-traumatic stress, grief, anxiety, and ADHD, I have gained diverse experiences throughout my professional career. These experiences include providing individual therapeutic services, developing group curriculum, and conducting training in recovery facilities. Additionally, I've had the privilege of offering individual counseling to clients of all ages with a wide range of needs.
(781) 679-1556 View (781) 679-1556
Photo of Marsha Weiner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dover, MA
Marsha Weiner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030
Marsha Weiner is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 1998. She has a BSW from Syracuse University and an MSW from Barry University. Marsha has proudly been in the field of social work for the last 35 years working with a large variety of populations from Early Intervention, school-based therapy, outpatient mental health, to providing therapy for all ages. She has spent the last 20 years working in a medical setting seeing patients with a wide variety of issues and ages.
Marsha Weiner is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 1998. She has a BSW from Syracuse University and an MSW from Barry University. Marsha has proudly been in the field of social work for the last 35 years working with a large variety of populations from Early Intervention, school-based therapy, outpatient mental health, to providing therapy for all ages. She has spent the last 20 years working in a medical setting seeing patients with a wide variety of issues and ages.
(508) 501-7415 View (508) 501-7415
Photo of Anthony Primavera, Pre-Licensed Professional in Dover, MA
Anthony Primavera
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030
Dr. Anthony Primavera is committed to providing clinical therapy services to clients presenting with a wide range of concerns, including but not limited to: anxiety disorders (including panic attacks), major depression, relationship struggles, adjustment concerns, addiction struggles, and navigating various life transitions. He has experience in community mental health, integrated care, and college counseling settings.
Dr. Anthony Primavera is committed to providing clinical therapy services to clients presenting with a wide range of concerns, including but not limited to: anxiety disorders (including panic attacks), major depression, relationship struggles, adjustment concerns, addiction struggles, and navigating various life transitions. He has experience in community mental health, integrated care, and college counseling settings.
(346) 708-6426 View (346) 708-6426
Photo of Lindsay Agne, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dover, MA
Lindsay Agne
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dover, MA 02030
I developed Full Circle after working as a social worker for many years in the fields of surrogacy, infertility and medical social work. I have witnessed clinically, professionally and personally how infertility has impacted the lives of so many women and their partners. On a personal note, my sister experienced four years of infertility which cumulated in many IUI attempts and resulted in a beautiful baby girl being born at the end of 2010-thanks to IVF.
I developed Full Circle after working as a social worker for many years in the fields of surrogacy, infertility and medical social work. I have witnessed clinically, professionally and personally how infertility has impacted the lives of so many women and their partners. On a personal note, my sister experienced four years of infertility which cumulated in many IUI attempts and resulted in a beautiful baby girl being born at the end of 2010-thanks to IVF.
(781) 519-2607 View (781) 519-2607
Photo of Elana Steinberg, Psychologist in Dover, MA
Elana Steinberg
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030  (Online Only)
My aim is to provide a supportive and safe environment for addressing issues, such as managing emotional symptoms, dealing with life stress, or experiencing inner struggles or relationship problems. With an empathetic and engaged approach, my goal is to help you feel better and more fulfilled. I work primarily with adults and adolescents. My approach is eclectic, which means sometimes helping people to make changes in behavior and ways of coping and sometimes helping people to better understand their feelings and resolve past experiences by exploring their personal meanings. Overall, I strive to meet each person's unique needs from therapy.
My aim is to provide a supportive and safe environment for addressing issues, such as managing emotional symptoms, dealing with life stress, or experiencing inner struggles or relationship problems. With an empathetic and engaged approach, my goal is to help you feel better and more fulfilled. I work primarily with adults and adolescents. My approach is eclectic, which means sometimes helping people to make changes in behavior and ways of coping and sometimes helping people to better understand their feelings and resolve past experiences by exploring their personal meanings. Overall, I strive to meet each person's unique needs from therapy.
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Photo of Heather Larkin, Counselor in Dover, MA
Heather Larkin
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030
I am a licensed mental health clinician who provides individual psychotherapy to teens and adults presenting with a wide variety of concerns including anxiety, depression, trauma, vicarious trauma, relationship struggles, and other challenges in life. I meet clients where they are and create a collaborative approach on their individual long term and short-term goals.
I am a licensed mental health clinician who provides individual psychotherapy to teens and adults presenting with a wide variety of concerns including anxiety, depression, trauma, vicarious trauma, relationship struggles, and other challenges in life. I meet clients where they are and create a collaborative approach on their individual long term and short-term goals.
(339) 217-7647 View (339) 217-7647
Photo of Jenny Ribeiro-de Sa, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dover, MA
Jenny Ribeiro-de Sa
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030  (Online Only)
Using a integrative style, I work with my clients in order to help them explore the social, emotional, biological, nutritional, and intellectual factors that are impeding them. My primary goal as a therapist is to build warm relationships characterized by acceptance and humor. I find that it is empowering for my clients to take an active role in creating our work together, whether that is short-term treatment targeting a specific problem, or more in-depth work.
Using a integrative style, I work with my clients in order to help them explore the social, emotional, biological, nutritional, and intellectual factors that are impeding them. My primary goal as a therapist is to build warm relationships characterized by acceptance and humor. I find that it is empowering for my clients to take an active role in creating our work together, whether that is short-term treatment targeting a specific problem, or more in-depth work.
(774) 208-0645 View (774) 208-0645
Photo of About Motherhood, Psychologist in Dover, MA
About Motherhood
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030  (Online Only)
This practice is based upon the reality that a mother’s wellbeing cannot be understood or supported without respect for her “mom work.” Mom work is invisible work. So - mom worry, mom anxiety, mom blues, mom guilt, and most especially, mom anger, becomes a negative judgment of a mother's "normalcy," rather than what it truly is: mom reality. Not a diagnosis, not “what’s wrong with me,” not an inability to do the work. Just mom reality, unsupported by respect for her work, and ultimately, unsustainable. Unless we push back to reclaim this ancient journey. You may wish to glance at my website to explore what I mean by this.
This practice is based upon the reality that a mother’s wellbeing cannot be understood or supported without respect for her “mom work.” Mom work is invisible work. So - mom worry, mom anxiety, mom blues, mom guilt, and most especially, mom anger, becomes a negative judgment of a mother's "normalcy," rather than what it truly is: mom reality. Not a diagnosis, not “what’s wrong with me,” not an inability to do the work. Just mom reality, unsupported by respect for her work, and ultimately, unsustainable. Unless we push back to reclaim this ancient journey. You may wish to glance at my website to explore what I mean by this.
(508) 740-5361 View (508) 740-5361
Photo of Kathryn Cumming, Counselor in Dover, MA
Kathryn Cumming
Counselor, MA, CAGS, LMHC, Cert, EMDR
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030
I am accepting new clients for EMDR only. I am a certified EMDR therapist. Don’t have time to go to therapy? Don’t want to get into” it”? What takes months or years in traditional therapy can take weeks with EMDR. With intensives ( 3-4 hour sessions 2-3 times in one month) or extended EMDR sessions ( 1.5-2 hour sessions one time per week for one to two months) you can feel better in a matter of 2-3 sessions and not have to talk about what you are feeling or process emotions like you do in traditional therapies. We focus on your strengths and comfort level & we will tailor your therapy for what works with your busy schedule.
I am accepting new clients for EMDR only. I am a certified EMDR therapist. Don’t have time to go to therapy? Don’t want to get into” it”? What takes months or years in traditional therapy can take weeks with EMDR. With intensives ( 3-4 hour sessions 2-3 times in one month) or extended EMDR sessions ( 1.5-2 hour sessions one time per week for one to two months) you can feel better in a matter of 2-3 sessions and not have to talk about what you are feeling or process emotions like you do in traditional therapies. We focus on your strengths and comfort level & we will tailor your therapy for what works with your busy schedule.
(508) 374-9851 View (508) 374-9851
Photo of Daniel C Garrity, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dover, MA
Daniel C Garrity
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030
I am a Clinical Social Worker and provide psychotherapy in Metrowest Massachusetts. I have been working in the mental health field since 1999. I offer a safe, inclusive and non-judgmental environment for adults. I take an active role in the therapeutic relationship to challenge clients to change and gain clarity. I have a special interest and experience with mens' health, young adults, college students, LGBTQ and adults with learning differences or neuro-atypical / neurodivergent (ADHD, NVLD, Asperger's, high functioning Autism (ASD). I also offer Clinical Supervision to Social Workers.
I am a Clinical Social Worker and provide psychotherapy in Metrowest Massachusetts. I have been working in the mental health field since 1999. I offer a safe, inclusive and non-judgmental environment for adults. I take an active role in the therapeutic relationship to challenge clients to change and gain clarity. I have a special interest and experience with mens' health, young adults, college students, LGBTQ and adults with learning differences or neuro-atypical / neurodivergent (ADHD, NVLD, Asperger's, high functioning Autism (ASD). I also offer Clinical Supervision to Social Workers.
(508) 762-1646 View (508) 762-1646
Photo of Robert R Tella, Psychologist in Dover, MA
Robert R Tella
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030
Waitlist for new clients
Dr. Robert Tella is a Clinical Licensed Psychologist and Certified Massachusetts Health Service Provider. He has worked in the field of mental health for over thirty years, twenty-four of which have been in his private practice of clinical and consulting psychology in Wellesley, Massachusetts. His background experience is extensive, encompassing inpatient and outpatient work at various Boston-area hospitals, serving children and adults, in addition to supervising and training of graduate students and interns.
Dr. Robert Tella is a Clinical Licensed Psychologist and Certified Massachusetts Health Service Provider. He has worked in the field of mental health for over thirty years, twenty-four of which have been in his private practice of clinical and consulting psychology in Wellesley, Massachusetts. His background experience is extensive, encompassing inpatient and outpatient work at various Boston-area hospitals, serving children and adults, in addition to supervising and training of graduate students and interns.
(781) 328-2938 View (781) 328-2938
Photo of Richard M Wilson, Psychologist in Dover, MA
Richard M Wilson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030  (Online Only)
I work collaboratively with adult and adolescent clients in numerous areas: Helping to resolve relationship conflicts and frustrations, depression, anxiety, stress management, trauma, improving self-confidence, finding more meaning and purpose in life, spirituality, grief /loss, parent coaching, couples, and pre-marriage counseling, I have a forward-looking style and try to take a "strengths-based" perspective. My clients would describe me as professional, authentic, calming, playful, and down to earth. I have moved my practice to Telehealth only starting in June 2022.
I work collaboratively with adult and adolescent clients in numerous areas: Helping to resolve relationship conflicts and frustrations, depression, anxiety, stress management, trauma, improving self-confidence, finding more meaning and purpose in life, spirituality, grief /loss, parent coaching, couples, and pre-marriage counseling, I have a forward-looking style and try to take a "strengths-based" perspective. My clients would describe me as professional, authentic, calming, playful, and down to earth. I have moved my practice to Telehealth only starting in June 2022.
(781) 995-3336 View (781) 995-3336
Photo of Dawn Alison Moscow, Counselor in Dover, MA
Dawn Alison Moscow
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030
Are you missing the connection you once had with your partner? Would you like to inject more spontaneity into your relationship? Do you want to sharpen communication skills when dealing with teens and preteens? Learned behaviors, old patterns, and habits can pose detours on the road to communication.
Are you missing the connection you once had with your partner? Would you like to inject more spontaneity into your relationship? Do you want to sharpen communication skills when dealing with teens and preteens? Learned behaviors, old patterns, and habits can pose detours on the road to communication.
(617) 851-4327 View (617) 851-4327
Photo of Stephen M Robinson, Psychologist in Dover, MA
Stephen M Robinson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030
I have practiced clinical psychology for 35 years. I love the process of helping people explore, understand and work through the deepest problems, conflicts and struggles of their lives and relationships. We all struggle: it is the human condition! Every person's life experiences are unique and deeply personal, as are the meanings attached to those experiences. For me the complexities and subtleties of each person's narrative are endlessly varied and fascinating, worthy of the deepest attention and respect. Not many are as privileged in their work as I am! For more information, you can visit my website.
I have practiced clinical psychology for 35 years. I love the process of helping people explore, understand and work through the deepest problems, conflicts and struggles of their lives and relationships. We all struggle: it is the human condition! Every person's life experiences are unique and deeply personal, as are the meanings attached to those experiences. For me the complexities and subtleties of each person's narrative are endlessly varied and fascinating, worthy of the deepest attention and respect. Not many are as privileged in their work as I am! For more information, you can visit my website.
(781) 651-4305 View (781) 651-4305
Photo of Claudine Richard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dover, MA
Claudine Richard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LICSW
Verified Verified
Dover, MA 02030  (Online Only)
Are you feeling off these days? Are there things in your life that are causing dysfunction? Well, if you answered yes to any of these questions, maybe it's time to learn how to better manage the parts of your life that are causing dysfunction. The only way past any difficulty in life is to go through it which can be intimidating, but you do not need to do it alone. I am here for you! My name is Dr. Claudine Richard, and I am a licensed psychotherapist and board-certified sex therapist with over 20 years’ experience helping individuals/ couples/ families overcome difficulties, achieve desired outcomes, and make lasting life changes.
Are you feeling off these days? Are there things in your life that are causing dysfunction? Well, if you answered yes to any of these questions, maybe it's time to learn how to better manage the parts of your life that are causing dysfunction. The only way past any difficulty in life is to go through it which can be intimidating, but you do not need to do it alone. I am here for you! My name is Dr. Claudine Richard, and I am a licensed psychotherapist and board-certified sex therapist with over 20 years’ experience helping individuals/ couples/ families overcome difficulties, achieve desired outcomes, and make lasting life changes.
(617) 229-6793 View (617) 229-6793
Photo of Katelyn Nkomo, Counselor in Dover, MA
Katelyn Nkomo
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dover, MA 02030  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with clients who want to see change in their daily life. Depression, anxiety, difficult relationships, family issues, and stress are some of the needs to be addressed to see real change in life. My goal is to support you in reaching your identified goals. I will support you in exploring your needs and recognizing what shifts may help in order to reach your goals. I like to get to know my client's and see the big picture of their lives. I use a client centered approach to ensure that the therapy offered is useful and valued.
I enjoy working with clients who want to see change in their daily life. Depression, anxiety, difficult relationships, family issues, and stress are some of the needs to be addressed to see real change in life. My goal is to support you in reaching your identified goals. I will support you in exploring your needs and recognizing what shifts may help in order to reach your goals. I like to get to know my client's and see the big picture of their lives. I use a client centered approach to ensure that the therapy offered is useful and valued.
(781) 546-5939 View (781) 546-5939

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Dover, MA

60+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Dover, MA who prioritize treating:

98% Anxiety
93% Depression
77% Self Esteem
68% Relationship Issues
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
74% BlueCross and BlueShield
74% Optum

How Therapists in Dover, MA see their clients

55% Online Only
45% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

75% Female
25% Male

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Dover?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.