Therapists in Bakersfield, CA

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Photo of Dr. Lauture Massac, Ph.D., Psychologist in Bakersfield, CA
Dr. Lauture Massac, Ph.D.
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93309  (Online Only)
Since each client is unique, my therapy approach is designed just for you and your specific needs. Research has shown a correlation between Mental Health and Physical Health, so an approach addressing both could lead to the ultimate therapeutic results. A holistic approach will best serve you in dealing with depression, anxiety, stress, and emotional relationship issues. This is what I specifically do.
Since each client is unique, my therapy approach is designed just for you and your specific needs. Research has shown a correlation between Mental Health and Physical Health, so an approach addressing both could lead to the ultimate therapeutic results. A holistic approach will best serve you in dealing with depression, anxiety, stress, and emotional relationship issues. This is what I specifically do.
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Photo of Cherie Chavez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Cherie Chavez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93307
My name is Cherie Chavez, a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist practicing integrative psychotherapy via telehealth statewide in California. In 2009 I began counseling adults coping with severe mental illness and complex trauma, to help provide symptom relief and improve their quality of life. Having a diagnosis can feel stigmatizing; reaching out for help so you don't go it alone can be empowering. I am very comfortable and most experienced in working with adults diagnosed with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety and depression.
My name is Cherie Chavez, a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist practicing integrative psychotherapy via telehealth statewide in California. In 2009 I began counseling adults coping with severe mental illness and complex trauma, to help provide symptom relief and improve their quality of life. Having a diagnosis can feel stigmatizing; reaching out for help so you don't go it alone can be empowering. I am very comfortable and most experienced in working with adults diagnosed with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety and depression.
(661) 724-8431 View (661) 724-8431
Photo of Sandra Guillen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Sandra Guillen
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93313
Hi, my name is Sandra Guillen. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) in the state of California and have a Master of Arts in Psychology with an emphasize in Marriage and Family Therapy degree from Chapman University.  I believe therapy is most beneficial when the client feels heard and supported. This is why I prefer a client center approach when practicing therapy. My focus is in trauma work to include PTSD and complex trauma.
Hi, my name is Sandra Guillen. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) in the state of California and have a Master of Arts in Psychology with an emphasize in Marriage and Family Therapy degree from Chapman University.  I believe therapy is most beneficial when the client feels heard and supported. This is why I prefer a client center approach when practicing therapy. My focus is in trauma work to include PTSD and complex trauma.
(661) 768-1358 View (661) 768-1358
Photo of Joshua Sarazin, Psychologist in Bakersfield, CA
Joshua Sarazin
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93308
I have been providing psychotherapy and psychological testing in the Bakersfield area since 2006. I studied and trained at the Biola University, Rosemead School of Psychology, an APA-approved program emphasizing theological and psychological integration as a foundation for providing support to people and relationships that are hurting and broken.
I have been providing psychotherapy and psychological testing in the Bakersfield area since 2006. I studied and trained at the Biola University, Rosemead School of Psychology, an APA-approved program emphasizing theological and psychological integration as a foundation for providing support to people and relationships that are hurting and broken.
(661) 584-4986 View (661) 584-4986
Photo of Steven Frausto, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Steven Frausto
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93307
My name is Steven Frausto, LCSW and I have over 10 years of experience working with adults, parents, families, grandparents, teenagers, and children. I work to empower my clients to identify, process, and overcome problem areas in their lives. I utilize a psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral therapy approach to help identify current difficulties and their root cause. Using pragmatic approaches to overcome impairments and then working on the root cause of the presenting difficulties to avoid them resurfacing.
My name is Steven Frausto, LCSW and I have over 10 years of experience working with adults, parents, families, grandparents, teenagers, and children. I work to empower my clients to identify, process, and overcome problem areas in their lives. I utilize a psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral therapy approach to help identify current difficulties and their root cause. Using pragmatic approaches to overcome impairments and then working on the root cause of the presenting difficulties to avoid them resurfacing.
(661) 463-9644 View (661) 463-9644
Photo of Rhonda Carol Van Cleve, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Rhonda Carol Van Cleve
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93309
Recovery is not for people who need it, it is for people who want it! I want to be along this journey with you! I will walk along side you each step of the way, encouraging you to be your best self. Children and teens are my passion, adults suffering from depression, anxiety, self-injurious behavior, and or trauma. I have extensive training in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, CBT, Motivational Interviewing, and Solution Focused Perspectives.
Recovery is not for people who need it, it is for people who want it! I want to be along this journey with you! I will walk along side you each step of the way, encouraging you to be your best self. Children and teens are my passion, adults suffering from depression, anxiety, self-injurious behavior, and or trauma. I have extensive training in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, CBT, Motivational Interviewing, and Solution Focused Perspectives.
(661) 490-9491 x1 View (661) 490-9491 x1
Photo of Lourdes T Cortez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Lourdes T Cortez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93312  (Online Only)
<I have Saturday and evening appointments available> My name is Lourdes T. Cortez and have experience assisting adults, children, teenagers, and their families improving their lives. I firmly believe in every person’s inner strength and resiliency in overcoming any obstacles or challenging situations in their lives. I am fluent in Spanish and as an immigrant I can relate to the Hispanic cultural values and spiritual beliefs as well as other cultural diverse groups. I am skilled in working with Adolescents, Adults, Children, Young Adults Transitioning into Adulthood, ADHD, Anxiety/Depressive Disorders, Domestic Violence and Trauma.
<I have Saturday and evening appointments available> My name is Lourdes T. Cortez and have experience assisting adults, children, teenagers, and their families improving their lives. I firmly believe in every person’s inner strength and resiliency in overcoming any obstacles or challenging situations in their lives. I am fluent in Spanish and as an immigrant I can relate to the Hispanic cultural values and spiritual beliefs as well as other cultural diverse groups. I am skilled in working with Adolescents, Adults, Children, Young Adults Transitioning into Adulthood, ADHD, Anxiety/Depressive Disorders, Domestic Violence and Trauma.
(661) 490-9681 View (661) 490-9681
Photo of Sharon H Brandon, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Sharon H Brandon
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93312
Not accepting new clients
With 20 years of experience, I have a broad set of skills to help you find the hope and healing you deserve. I provide a comfortable, non-judgemental environment where we can discuss what is troubling you. We often encounter obstacles in life that seem insurmountable such as illness, jobs, relationships, trauma, addiction, parenting etc, and we lose our direction. Sometimes we live with anxiety, depression, PTSD, or other issues. It takes strength and courage to recognize that maybe we need to reach out for help. I would be happy to assist you in your journey for healing and self-improvement.
With 20 years of experience, I have a broad set of skills to help you find the hope and healing you deserve. I provide a comfortable, non-judgemental environment where we can discuss what is troubling you. We often encounter obstacles in life that seem insurmountable such as illness, jobs, relationships, trauma, addiction, parenting etc, and we lose our direction. Sometimes we live with anxiety, depression, PTSD, or other issues. It takes strength and courage to recognize that maybe we need to reach out for help. I would be happy to assist you in your journey for healing and self-improvement.
(661) 463-3806 View (661) 463-3806
Photo of Samantha Hill, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Samantha Hill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PsyD, LCSW, CCTP-II
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93309  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Let’s get through this time and start your journey to a better version of you! My specialty is helping people deal with anxiety, stress, unhealthy/excessive behaviors or a traumatic event. You may have tried therapy many times in the past without the results you want. I'll help you learn ways to cope with anxiety, depression, relationship problems, low confidence, isolation, and uncertainty. We'll figure out what matters most to you, set goals, and set a path to action so you'll see results!
Let’s get through this time and start your journey to a better version of you! My specialty is helping people deal with anxiety, stress, unhealthy/excessive behaviors or a traumatic event. You may have tried therapy many times in the past without the results you want. I'll help you learn ways to cope with anxiety, depression, relationship problems, low confidence, isolation, and uncertainty. We'll figure out what matters most to you, set goals, and set a path to action so you'll see results!
(661) 368-5065 View (661) 368-5065
Photo of Jesse Marez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Jesse Marez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93307
My name is Jesse Marez, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, licensed in the State of California since 2003. Over the years of my practice, I have cultivated an ability to respond to my clients personally and individually while establishing therapeutic rapport by using motivational interviewing, client-centered therapy and Jungian and existential psychology. My clinical orientation is cognitive behavioral (CBT) and client-centered therapy with a specialty in Trauma Focused CBT; I am also well-versed in psychodynamic and humanistic psychology.
My name is Jesse Marez, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, licensed in the State of California since 2003. Over the years of my practice, I have cultivated an ability to respond to my clients personally and individually while establishing therapeutic rapport by using motivational interviewing, client-centered therapy and Jungian and existential psychology. My clinical orientation is cognitive behavioral (CBT) and client-centered therapy with a specialty in Trauma Focused CBT; I am also well-versed in psychodynamic and humanistic psychology.
(661) 463-7903 View (661) 463-7903
Photo of Jennifer De La Cruz, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Jennifer De La Cruz
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93306
Hi, my name is Jennifer De La Cruz, LMFT and I am Certified in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing). I use a trauma-informed approach to therapy and am passionate about utilizing EMDR to resolve past memories and experiences that are still causing distress in the present. My goal is to walk alongside my clients throughout their journey toward healing and freedom.
Hi, my name is Jennifer De La Cruz, LMFT and I am Certified in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing). I use a trauma-informed approach to therapy and am passionate about utilizing EMDR to resolve past memories and experiences that are still causing distress in the present. My goal is to walk alongside my clients throughout their journey toward healing and freedom.
(661) 403-0203 View (661) 403-0203
Photo of Richard Roth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Richard Roth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93313
Hello, my name is Richard Roth. I'm a licensed clinical social worker (29841). I offer counseling for issues of grief and loss, alcohol and substance/addiction treatment, as well as Motivational Interviewing for behavior change and wellness. I have experience and expertise counseling adults struggling with alcohol and drug problems, those experiencing grief and loss, or those wanting to increase motivation in making a change in their lives. I have years of experience working with veterans of the US military and am comfortable working with those who identify as LGBTQIA+.
Hello, my name is Richard Roth. I'm a licensed clinical social worker (29841). I offer counseling for issues of grief and loss, alcohol and substance/addiction treatment, as well as Motivational Interviewing for behavior change and wellness. I have experience and expertise counseling adults struggling with alcohol and drug problems, those experiencing grief and loss, or those wanting to increase motivation in making a change in their lives. I have years of experience working with veterans of the US military and am comfortable working with those who identify as LGBTQIA+.
(661) 451-7121 View (661) 451-7121
Photo of Rachel Page, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Rachel Page
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93307
Hi! My name is Rachel, and I am a licensed marriage and family therapist. I have been practicing therapy since 2010 and am passionate about helping others. I help people with adolescent/teen issues, grief, self esteem, trauma and PTSD, job stress, and more. I have worked in inpatient and outpatient settings, including drug and alcohol rehabilitation, with adolescents in schools, and with domestic violence services. I practice Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Narrative Therapy, and Solution-focused therapy. Using mindfulness and ACT skills, I explore the thoughts and beliefs that create stagnation.
Hi! My name is Rachel, and I am a licensed marriage and family therapist. I have been practicing therapy since 2010 and am passionate about helping others. I help people with adolescent/teen issues, grief, self esteem, trauma and PTSD, job stress, and more. I have worked in inpatient and outpatient settings, including drug and alcohol rehabilitation, with adolescents in schools, and with domestic violence services. I practice Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Narrative Therapy, and Solution-focused therapy. Using mindfulness and ACT skills, I explore the thoughts and beliefs that create stagnation.
(661) 732-2011 View (661) 732-2011
Photo of Hope Empowers Counseling Services , Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Hope Empowers Counseling Services
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA , LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93389
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist practicing in Kern County. I have treated both adults, adolescents, and couples who have struggled with depression, anxiety, PTSD, grief, bipolar, ODD, and relational stressors. I also enjoy working with transitional youth between the ages of 16-21yrs old assisting with goal setting and developing meaningful living. I further have experience working with clients on spiritual and faith matters.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist practicing in Kern County. I have treated both adults, adolescents, and couples who have struggled with depression, anxiety, PTSD, grief, bipolar, ODD, and relational stressors. I also enjoy working with transitional youth between the ages of 16-21yrs old assisting with goal setting and developing meaningful living. I further have experience working with clients on spiritual and faith matters.
(661) 475-8072 View (661) 475-8072
Photo of Stephanie R Prince, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Stephanie R Prince
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93301
Loss is experienced through various forms during our lifetime – whether it’s the loss of a loved one, the loss of a job, the end of a relationship, divorce, children leaving for college or adolescents transitioning into adulthood. Together, we will navigate this journey called life. I believe we were all created with purpose and now that you’ve taken the brave, bold step to seek direction on the next steps of your life, I would love to be considered as your listener and guide.
Loss is experienced through various forms during our lifetime – whether it’s the loss of a loved one, the loss of a job, the end of a relationship, divorce, children leaving for college or adolescents transitioning into adulthood. Together, we will navigate this journey called life. I believe we were all created with purpose and now that you’ve taken the brave, bold step to seek direction on the next steps of your life, I would love to be considered as your listener and guide.
(661) 490-9706 View (661) 490-9706
Photo of Anastasia Rivera, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Anastasia Rivera
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, PPSC, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93311  (Online Only)
Are you feeling defeated, overwhelmed, hopeless or simply “not yourself” anymore? My name is Anastasia and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California. I believe that therapy should be a safe space for you to ventilate without judgment. In therapy you should be challenged in your own skills and strengths so that you can return to the person you once were before mental health challenges were present.
Are you feeling defeated, overwhelmed, hopeless or simply “not yourself” anymore? My name is Anastasia and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California. I believe that therapy should be a safe space for you to ventilate without judgment. In therapy you should be challenged in your own skills and strengths so that you can return to the person you once were before mental health challenges were present.
(661) 669-8285 View (661) 669-8285
Photo of Tina Wolff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Tina Wolff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93307
Are you feeling burnout, depressed, anxious and feeling as though your life is stagnant? I am here to be a gentle hand to guide and support you through the different challenges that arise throughout your life. I believe that every individual is unique and has a set of strengths, experiences and challenges. When it comes to treatment, no one size fits all. For this reason, I tailor therapy to fit every individual’s unique needs and use empowerment as a tool to help you achieve the best version of yourself.
Are you feeling burnout, depressed, anxious and feeling as though your life is stagnant? I am here to be a gentle hand to guide and support you through the different challenges that arise throughout your life. I believe that every individual is unique and has a set of strengths, experiences and challenges. When it comes to treatment, no one size fits all. For this reason, I tailor therapy to fit every individual’s unique needs and use empowerment as a tool to help you achieve the best version of yourself.
(661) 463-9213 View (661) 463-9213
Photo of Janette Delina Rodriguez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Janette Delina Rodriguez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93304  (Online Only)
Are you an adult 18+ struggling to enjoy life in the present moment, after experiencing a traumatic event(s)? Are symptoms creating barriers in your ability to enjoy your life? These symptoms are signals that the body is sending to make one aware that now is the time to take those steps to process and heal. I understand that unraveling the most delicate parts of your past can seem overwhelming. I am here to guide you and support you through your journey. As your Therapist, I will meet you where you are. I will continuously make sure you are comfortable in treatment by always making sure you feel we are working together.
Are you an adult 18+ struggling to enjoy life in the present moment, after experiencing a traumatic event(s)? Are symptoms creating barriers in your ability to enjoy your life? These symptoms are signals that the body is sending to make one aware that now is the time to take those steps to process and heal. I understand that unraveling the most delicate parts of your past can seem overwhelming. I am here to guide you and support you through your journey. As your Therapist, I will meet you where you are. I will continuously make sure you are comfortable in treatment by always making sure you feel we are working together.
(661) 451-6410 View (661) 451-6410
Photo of Guy Hoss, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Guy Hoss
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93313
Not accepting new clients
​Your story may be filled with chapters on broken pieces, terrible choices, and very ugly truths, but a chapter is a chapter—it’s not the whole story.​ My purpose, and the passion for why I entered the field of Clinical Psychology, is to help inspire others to believe again and dream again.
​Your story may be filled with chapters on broken pieces, terrible choices, and very ugly truths, but a chapter is a chapter—it’s not the whole story.​ My purpose, and the passion for why I entered the field of Clinical Psychology, is to help inspire others to believe again and dream again.
(661) 402-9279 View (661) 402-9279
Photo of Nicole Brown, Psychologist in Bakersfield, CA
Nicole Brown
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93309
**Virtual sessions available** " Do you have a problem (or relationship) that you have spent countless hours thinking about, trying to solve, and maybe even seeking the advice of friends? Yet somehow you are still struggling to find a solution that works for you. Does your anxiety take over at the worst possible moment? Perhaps you wish life with your partner could be as fulfilling as it was when you first got together. Your current situation may leave you feeling stuck, but there is hope!
**Virtual sessions available** " Do you have a problem (or relationship) that you have spent countless hours thinking about, trying to solve, and maybe even seeking the advice of friends? Yet somehow you are still struggling to find a solution that works for you. Does your anxiety take over at the worst possible moment? Perhaps you wish life with your partner could be as fulfilling as it was when you first got together. Your current situation may leave you feeling stuck, but there is hope!
(424) 383-7258 View (424) 383-7258

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bakersfield, CA

500+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Bakersfield, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
88% Depression
77% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
68% Stress
67% Relationship Issues
60% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

86% Aetna
83% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
82% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Bakersfield, CA see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bakersfield?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.