Therapists in Vancouver, WA

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Photo of DrShannon Lilja/Sandalwood Counseling, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
DrShannon Lilja/Sandalwood Counseling
Counselor, DBH, LPC, LMHC, CADC, CDP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98661
Anxiety, depression, relationship issues, obsessive thoughts/behaviors…you may feel that something isn't working or doesn’t fit, or perhaps you are missing something you want (better communication, feeling heard, understanding). Perhaps you haven't found a solution to manage things quite the way you want. My goal is to help increase awareness and insight, working with you to understand what is going on now, its impact, and support efforts toward your goal to improve relationships, develop skills, resolve conflicts, increase self-esteem, heal, and grow. Therapy can offer wonderful opportunities to move toward the change you seek.
Anxiety, depression, relationship issues, obsessive thoughts/behaviors…you may feel that something isn't working or doesn’t fit, or perhaps you are missing something you want (better communication, feeling heard, understanding). Perhaps you haven't found a solution to manage things quite the way you want. My goal is to help increase awareness and insight, working with you to understand what is going on now, its impact, and support efforts toward your goal to improve relationships, develop skills, resolve conflicts, increase self-esteem, heal, and grow. Therapy can offer wonderful opportunities to move toward the change you seek.
(360) 564-5434 View (360) 564-5434
Photo of Brian Mcintire, Marriage & Family Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Brian Mcintire
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98683  (Online Only)
Life not going as expected? Feeling confused, frustrated, stressed, overwhelmed, disconnected, or disillusioned? Let's talk. You deserve to feel empowered in your body, relationships, and life pursuits. I can help you gain clarity and find empowering strategies to be your best self to live the life most meaningful to you.
Life not going as expected? Feeling confused, frustrated, stressed, overwhelmed, disconnected, or disillusioned? Let's talk. You deserve to feel empowered in your body, relationships, and life pursuits. I can help you gain clarity and find empowering strategies to be your best self to live the life most meaningful to you.
(360) 745-1024 View (360) 745-1024
Photo of Dr. Anson L Service, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Dr. Anson L Service
Counselor, PsyD, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98665
Specializing in ADHD and Autism assessment, especially being able to recognize ASD and ADHD in adults, Dr. Anson Service and his team are expert in the area of Autism and ADHD with short wait times. With over 13 years of experience working professionally with neurodivergent individuals, he and his team are committed to treating clients with unconditional positive regard, and respect to get to the source of the issues quickly. No judgement. No "know-it-all-ism". No weirdness. Our assessments are designed to be brief and thorough, without anxiety or fear. We get it.
Specializing in ADHD and Autism assessment, especially being able to recognize ASD and ADHD in adults, Dr. Anson Service and his team are expert in the area of Autism and ADHD with short wait times. With over 13 years of experience working professionally with neurodivergent individuals, he and his team are committed to treating clients with unconditional positive regard, and respect to get to the source of the issues quickly. No judgement. No "know-it-all-ism". No weirdness. Our assessments are designed to be brief and thorough, without anxiety or fear. We get it.
(360) 979-1613 View (360) 979-1613
Photo of Samantha Lynes, Licensed Professional Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Samantha Lynes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662  (Online Only)
Samantha Lynes is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) who utilizes evidence-based practices and tailors her dialogue and treatment plans to meet the unique and specific needs of each client. Samantha specializes in depression, anxiety, self-esteem difficulties, life transitions, and trauma.
Samantha Lynes is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) who utilizes evidence-based practices and tailors her dialogue and treatment plans to meet the unique and specific needs of each client. Samantha specializes in depression, anxiety, self-esteem difficulties, life transitions, and trauma.
(360) 868-8094 View (360) 868-8094
Photo of Wayne Allen Smith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Wayne Allen Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98683  (Online Only)
Often times we face struggles and hardship without any support or guidance. Sometimes we suffer through anger, grief and loss, or going through a big life change alone. I specialize in working with issues around trauma, identity, self esteem, depression, anxiety, relationships concerns, and boundary setting.
Often times we face struggles and hardship without any support or guidance. Sometimes we suffer through anger, grief and loss, or going through a big life change alone. I specialize in working with issues around trauma, identity, self esteem, depression, anxiety, relationships concerns, and boundary setting.
(360) 506-6313 View (360) 506-6313
Photo of Daniel Baxley, Marriage & Family Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Daniel Baxley
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98665  (Online Only)
Our existence in this world comes with hopes, aspirations and dreams. It also comes with disappointments, challenges and hardships which can overshadow our light and purpose. These obstacles on our path to our most authentic self may have been passed down to us from our family or an injustice burdened onto us as along the way. Somewhere, amongst all of these parts of ourselves, there is hope and a belief that we can be at peace with our past and artfully manage our present so that we can fully embrace the future we deserve.
Our existence in this world comes with hopes, aspirations and dreams. It also comes with disappointments, challenges and hardships which can overshadow our light and purpose. These obstacles on our path to our most authentic self may have been passed down to us from our family or an injustice burdened onto us as along the way. Somewhere, amongst all of these parts of ourselves, there is hope and a belief that we can be at peace with our past and artfully manage our present so that we can fully embrace the future we deserve.
(360) 226-5579 View (360) 226-5579
Photo of Blue Prism Therapy, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Blue Prism Therapy
Counselor, LMHCA, MA
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662
I am currently full. Congratulations for taking the first step toward healthier relationships, personal growth and mental wellbeing. I am a person-centered therapist who likes to cater our interactions to your specific personal needs. I take a holistic creative approach to help you shake out those things that have not been serving you to move toward your greater authentic self. I provide art therapies including music, movement, poetry/writing, and the visual arts.
I am currently full. Congratulations for taking the first step toward healthier relationships, personal growth and mental wellbeing. I am a person-centered therapist who likes to cater our interactions to your specific personal needs. I take a holistic creative approach to help you shake out those things that have not been serving you to move toward your greater authentic self. I provide art therapies including music, movement, poetry/writing, and the visual arts.
(509) 519-1158 View (509) 519-1158
Photo of Nimuë, PLLC - Conscious Collaborative Counseling , Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Nimuë, PLLC - Conscious Collaborative Counseling
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662
I am an LGBTQIA+ provider and love working with adults who are ready to dig deep and make healthy changes to live their best lives. Whether you are LGBTQIA+, BIPOC, a Highly Sensitive Person (HSP) or Empath, or label yourself as "outside the box" I am ready to help you see your beautiful strengths and empower you with the tools to help change unhealthy patterns in order to create your best life. Clients that have sought my services have reported that I was helpful in processing their trauma, identifying self-sabotaging behaviors, moving thru grief, re-inventing themselves post divorce or in simply learning how to live in the Now.
I am an LGBTQIA+ provider and love working with adults who are ready to dig deep and make healthy changes to live their best lives. Whether you are LGBTQIA+, BIPOC, a Highly Sensitive Person (HSP) or Empath, or label yourself as "outside the box" I am ready to help you see your beautiful strengths and empower you with the tools to help change unhealthy patterns in order to create your best life. Clients that have sought my services have reported that I was helpful in processing their trauma, identifying self-sabotaging behaviors, moving thru grief, re-inventing themselves post divorce or in simply learning how to live in the Now.
(360) 531-7607 View (360) 531-7607
Photo of Jason Loverti, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Jason Loverti
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98660
Not accepting new clients
My approach to therapy is based on making an empathetic connection, promoting awareness and relational growth. I have a holistic perspective, believing we are our own best resource for growth and healing. I am skilled at providing an open and compassionate space in which to connect with what is most important to you. For therapy to be meaningful and therefore useful, I have found techniques less important. Instead, I emphasize skillful use of the therapy relationship to work deeply with a wide range of issues, challenges and presentations - honoring diversity in my work with people, ideas and identities.
My approach to therapy is based on making an empathetic connection, promoting awareness and relational growth. I have a holistic perspective, believing we are our own best resource for growth and healing. I am skilled at providing an open and compassionate space in which to connect with what is most important to you. For therapy to be meaningful and therefore useful, I have found techniques less important. Instead, I emphasize skillful use of the therapy relationship to work deeply with a wide range of issues, challenges and presentations - honoring diversity in my work with people, ideas and identities.
(360) 614-2474 View (360) 614-2474
Photo of Darcy Jacquet, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Darcy Jacquet
Counselor, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98683
I believe that there is tremendous opportunity and potential for physical, emotional, spiritual, and relational healing and growth that can be achieved through counseling. Many struggle with depression, anxiety, self-doubt, trauma, self-image distortion, spiritual issues, communication difficulties, and lack of tools necessary to live in this ever-changing world. My role as a counselor is to come alongside and assist individuals, families, and groups that are motivated, to change at least one aspect of their thoughts, feelings, or behaviors.
I believe that there is tremendous opportunity and potential for physical, emotional, spiritual, and relational healing and growth that can be achieved through counseling. Many struggle with depression, anxiety, self-doubt, trauma, self-image distortion, spiritual issues, communication difficulties, and lack of tools necessary to live in this ever-changing world. My role as a counselor is to come alongside and assist individuals, families, and groups that are motivated, to change at least one aspect of their thoughts, feelings, or behaviors.
(360) 300-5490 View (360) 300-5490
Photo of Rebecca Mayer, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Rebecca Mayer
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98685
**Waitlist** Living authentically can be scary, rather intimidating. With support of a therapist, individuals can learn to accept, even embrace, the vulnerability that the process towards authenticity requires. Within a supportive therapeutic relationship, clients can explore personal beliefs and develop their identity. Many individuals struggle with processing life events but it doesn't have to be done alone or involve constant suffering. Life events can be difficult, even "positive" ones such as the birth of a child; postpartum depression and postpartum anxiety are real and it doesn't have to ruin your experience as a parent!
**Waitlist** Living authentically can be scary, rather intimidating. With support of a therapist, individuals can learn to accept, even embrace, the vulnerability that the process towards authenticity requires. Within a supportive therapeutic relationship, clients can explore personal beliefs and develop their identity. Many individuals struggle with processing life events but it doesn't have to be done alone or involve constant suffering. Life events can be difficult, even "positive" ones such as the birth of a child; postpartum depression and postpartum anxiety are real and it doesn't have to ruin your experience as a parent!
(360) 526-6354 View (360) 526-6354
Photo of Jamie Villemonte, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Jamie Villemonte
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW, LAC, CADCIII
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98684
Not accepting new clients
The way we see ourselves, our past and our enviornment, dictates our reality. I am passionate about helping clients see themselves and life situations using compassion, curiosity and forgiveness. Once we find what's really going on in our story, we can enhance this reality in beautiful ways. I love to work on Identity formation, spiritual/moral development and coping skills development to unveil client's natural light.
The way we see ourselves, our past and our enviornment, dictates our reality. I am passionate about helping clients see themselves and life situations using compassion, curiosity and forgiveness. Once we find what's really going on in our story, we can enhance this reality in beautiful ways. I love to work on Identity formation, spiritual/moral development and coping skills development to unveil client's natural light.
(253) 358-8628 View (253) 358-8628
Photo of Samantha Gibb, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Samantha Gibb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662
We are all shaped by our life experiences, our social connections, and our individual personality traits. No one is the same, therefore as a therapist I cannot go in to a session with any agenda beyond eagerness to learn through curiosity and empathy. My Clients are the experts in their own life. My goal is for my clients to live rich, full and meaningful lives, and only my clients can decide what that means for them.
We are all shaped by our life experiences, our social connections, and our individual personality traits. No one is the same, therefore as a therapist I cannot go in to a session with any agenda beyond eagerness to learn through curiosity and empathy. My Clients are the experts in their own life. My goal is for my clients to live rich, full and meaningful lives, and only my clients can decide what that means for them.
(360) 997-1893 View (360) 997-1893
Photo of Janet Engelgau, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Janet Engelgau
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662
My work experience as a therapist has given me the opportunity to work with diverse populations that include a wide range of issues. I have worked with clients struggling with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, grief and loss, recognizing and recovering from psychological abuse as well as other relationship struggles and life transitions. I use evidence based treatment and I am constantly expanding my knowledge of ways to help clients resolve past issues and lead more satisfying lives. Mental health concerns can impact any of us in our daily lives and present unexpected hurdles.
My work experience as a therapist has given me the opportunity to work with diverse populations that include a wide range of issues. I have worked with clients struggling with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, grief and loss, recognizing and recovering from psychological abuse as well as other relationship struggles and life transitions. I use evidence based treatment and I am constantly expanding my knowledge of ways to help clients resolve past issues and lead more satisfying lives. Mental health concerns can impact any of us in our daily lives and present unexpected hurdles.
(360) 800-1701 View (360) 800-1701
Photo of Tonya Molnar, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Tonya Molnar
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, MHP
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98686  (Online Only)
Are you exhausted, tired, stressed-out, and always on edge? Do you find racing thoughts are keeping you awake at night, tossing and turning instead of sleeping? You may be fed up with constant anxiety and lack of sleep that leaves you feeling tired and irritable and is causing you problems at work or home. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But, one this is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to start sleeping soundly again. You’re ready to start feeling good again. Most of all, you’re ready to start feeling energized about your life again.
Are you exhausted, tired, stressed-out, and always on edge? Do you find racing thoughts are keeping you awake at night, tossing and turning instead of sleeping? You may be fed up with constant anxiety and lack of sleep that leaves you feeling tired and irritable and is causing you problems at work or home. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But, one this is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to start sleeping soundly again. You’re ready to start feeling good again. Most of all, you’re ready to start feeling energized about your life again.
(360) 953-5896 View (360) 953-5896
Photo of Blake Frey @ Everstronger Counseling, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Blake Frey @ Everstronger Counseling
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Welcome. We all need spaces to come as we are and just talk. In our sessions we will move towards the topics that matter most to you. Clients report that they experience a safe and attuned space to show up authentically, without the worry of judgment, so they can explore important circumstances that are bringing challenges. Everstronger is a term that invites leaning a bit more towards the parts of us that have been pained, stuck, muted, or are stirring to find expression and relief in new ways.
Welcome. We all need spaces to come as we are and just talk. In our sessions we will move towards the topics that matter most to you. Clients report that they experience a safe and attuned space to show up authentically, without the worry of judgment, so they can explore important circumstances that are bringing challenges. Everstronger is a term that invites leaning a bit more towards the parts of us that have been pained, stuck, muted, or are stirring to find expression and relief in new ways.
(360) 813-6917 View (360) 813-6917
Photo of Maraiah Esslinger, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Maraiah Esslinger
Counselor, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662
Maraiah is a registered art therapist, licensed mental health counselor, and substance use professional. She graduated from Marylhurst University with a degree in clinical art therapy counseling, and holds a Master of Fine Art from Georgia State University and a certificate of Chemical Dependency Proficiency from Spokane Falls Community College. She is also an EMDRIA-trained EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) therapist. Maraiah enjoys collaborating with her clients to develop a personalized approach to therapy, finding that this supports growth, healing, and empowerment.
Maraiah is a registered art therapist, licensed mental health counselor, and substance use professional. She graduated from Marylhurst University with a degree in clinical art therapy counseling, and holds a Master of Fine Art from Georgia State University and a certificate of Chemical Dependency Proficiency from Spokane Falls Community College. She is also an EMDRIA-trained EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) therapist. Maraiah enjoys collaborating with her clients to develop a personalized approach to therapy, finding that this supports growth, healing, and empowerment.
(360) 361-8499 View (360) 361-8499
Photo of Lujane Helwani, Pre-Licensed Professional in Vancouver, WA
Lujane Helwani
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98682  (Online Only)
I enjoy and am qualified to help individuals, couples, or families navigate life's challenges, whether personal, with a partner, family, or peers. You will find that I am respectful, personable, open, knowledgeable, and humorous in my sessions. All faiths, or lack thereof, are welcome. I am experienced with grief, loss, trauma, PTSD, depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, bipolar, schizophrenia, autism, ODD, and OCD. My therapeutic approach involves collaborating with clients to identify and enlist their strengths or resources to improve their quality of life.
I enjoy and am qualified to help individuals, couples, or families navigate life's challenges, whether personal, with a partner, family, or peers. You will find that I am respectful, personable, open, knowledgeable, and humorous in my sessions. All faiths, or lack thereof, are welcome. I am experienced with grief, loss, trauma, PTSD, depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, bipolar, schizophrenia, autism, ODD, and OCD. My therapeutic approach involves collaborating with clients to identify and enlist their strengths or resources to improve their quality of life.
(360) 515-4722 View (360) 515-4722
Photo of Jamie Watson, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Jamie Watson
Counselor, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98686
I believe in building a strong rapport with my clients by using warmth, humor, and empathy. I work collaboratively with clients to identify and ensure their needs are being met. My goal is to help others discover their strengths, learn effective coping skills, and find joy and meaning in their life. I work from a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution-Focused, Strengths Based approach. I am in currently pursuing an Eating Disorder Certificate at Lewis & Clark College; expected completion date, May 2023.
I believe in building a strong rapport with my clients by using warmth, humor, and empathy. I work collaboratively with clients to identify and ensure their needs are being met. My goal is to help others discover their strengths, learn effective coping skills, and find joy and meaning in their life. I work from a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution-Focused, Strengths Based approach. I am in currently pursuing an Eating Disorder Certificate at Lewis & Clark College; expected completion date, May 2023.
(360) 535-7885 View (360) 535-7885
Photo of Tucker Douglas Gerhardt, Pre-Licensed Professional in Vancouver, WA
Tucker Douglas Gerhardt
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98663
Waitlist for new clients
Do you sometimes feel like you are not enough? Are you carrying a heavy burden? Do you feel like you're not living a life that is in line with your true self? I can help! I truly believe in the healing power of shining light on the parts of ourselves that we normally keep hidden. As a therapist I strive to develop a nurturing and honest alliance where you can freely explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences, free from judgement.
Do you sometimes feel like you are not enough? Are you carrying a heavy burden? Do you feel like you're not living a life that is in line with your true self? I can help! I truly believe in the healing power of shining light on the parts of ourselves that we normally keep hidden. As a therapist I strive to develop a nurturing and honest alliance where you can freely explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences, free from judgement.
(360) 657-9361 View (360) 657-9361

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Vancouver, WA

800+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Vancouver, WA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
77% Trauma and PTSD
71% Relationship Issues
68% Self Esteem
67% Stress
66% Grief

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

71% Aetna
55% Cigna and Evernorth
51% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Vancouver, WA see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Vancouver?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.