Therapists in Scottsdale, AZ

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Photo of Diana Sussman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Scottsdale, AZ
Diana Sussman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Feeling depressed or anxious? Having difficulties in your marriage/relationships? I am committed to helping you to make positive changes to cope with your problems as quickly and effectively as possible, with all the tools at my disposal.
Feeling depressed or anxious? Having difficulties in your marriage/relationships? I am committed to helping you to make positive changes to cope with your problems as quickly and effectively as possible, with all the tools at my disposal.
(480) 382-3977 View (480) 382-3977
Photo of Danielle Russo, Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Danielle Russo
Counselor, MS, LPC, CAS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85254
Waitlist for new clients
Are you looking to make a change to improve your life? Let’s start that process together and kudos to you for taking the first step in your path. Being in the counseling field for four years, I have gained a vast amount of knowledge of how to best serve my client’s presenting needs. I have a passion for guiding people to find their voice and turning any challenge into a strength. Building a comfortable environment and good rapport is incredibly important to me as it helps us speak more openly and tackled concerns together.
Are you looking to make a change to improve your life? Let’s start that process together and kudos to you for taking the first step in your path. Being in the counseling field for four years, I have gained a vast amount of knowledge of how to best serve my client’s presenting needs. I have a passion for guiding people to find their voice and turning any challenge into a strength. Building a comfortable environment and good rapport is incredibly important to me as it helps us speak more openly and tackled concerns together.
(480) 906-4872 View (480) 906-4872
Photo of John Peters, Marriage & Family Therapist in Scottsdale, AZ
John Peters
Marriage & Family Therapist, LAMFT, MAS-MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Back to school can mean increased stress, especially for atypical learners. I work best with children that are having difficulty fitting into settings such as school, extracurricular activities, and/or even at home. I have had success working with children that have not been successful during past experiences with therapy, or are reluctant to participate. Our practice specializes in working with atypical development so I have experience working with clients that have been diagnosed with ADHD, dyslexia, and Autism as well as those that have been identified as being gifted.
Back to school can mean increased stress, especially for atypical learners. I work best with children that are having difficulty fitting into settings such as school, extracurricular activities, and/or even at home. I have had success working with children that have not been successful during past experiences with therapy, or are reluctant to participate. Our practice specializes in working with atypical development so I have experience working with clients that have been diagnosed with ADHD, dyslexia, and Autism as well as those that have been identified as being gifted.
(480) 508-7571 View (480) 508-7571
Photo of Katie Kernodle, LPC Intern in Scottsdale, AZ
Katie Kernodle
LPC Intern, MA
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85251  (Online Only)
Are you looking to build a fulfilling, purpose-driven life? Do you struggle with behaviors or attitudes you’d like to change? I offer thoughtful, down-to-earth, and evidence-based treatment tailored to your unique situation and oriented toward uncovering innate tools that you can rely on.
Are you looking to build a fulfilling, purpose-driven life? Do you struggle with behaviors or attitudes you’d like to change? I offer thoughtful, down-to-earth, and evidence-based treatment tailored to your unique situation and oriented toward uncovering innate tools that you can rely on.
(480) 531-5429 View (480) 531-5429
Photo of Shannon Worle, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Scottsdale, AZ
Shannon Worle
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LAMFT
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
I am a Licensed Associate Marriage and Family Therapist at Therapy With Heart in Scottsdale, AZ. My goal is to provide a safe, welcoming, and supportive environment for each and every couple, family, or individual I have the privilege of working with. Life can feel overwhelming at times, but I also know how much relief can come with having someone listen to you in a way that genuinely makes you feel heard. I believe that every person deserves to feel seen and understood, and when those needs are met, we can truly feel loved by others. Together, we can work to restore secure connection within your relationships and within yourself.
I am a Licensed Associate Marriage and Family Therapist at Therapy With Heart in Scottsdale, AZ. My goal is to provide a safe, welcoming, and supportive environment for each and every couple, family, or individual I have the privilege of working with. Life can feel overwhelming at times, but I also know how much relief can come with having someone listen to you in a way that genuinely makes you feel heard. I believe that every person deserves to feel seen and understood, and when those needs are met, we can truly feel loved by others. Together, we can work to restore secure connection within your relationships and within yourself.
(928) 267-6704 View (928) 267-6704
Photo of Michael Owens, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Scottsdale, AZ
Michael Owens
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Over the years I have worked with so many people who come to the work unhappy with some part of their lives, looking for an avenue to a better life, and not entirely sure how to get there. Maybe you are struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship difficulties, trauma, or an addiction. The inspiration I derive from this work comes from the endless wonder found discovering latent possibilities that might not be apparent at first but, with exploration, turn into paths of personal growth and fulfillment. I am always surprised by the unexpected gems found on the path.
Over the years I have worked with so many people who come to the work unhappy with some part of their lives, looking for an avenue to a better life, and not entirely sure how to get there. Maybe you are struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship difficulties, trauma, or an addiction. The inspiration I derive from this work comes from the endless wonder found discovering latent possibilities that might not be apparent at first but, with exploration, turn into paths of personal growth and fulfillment. I am always surprised by the unexpected gems found on the path.
(802) 402-4634 View (802) 402-4634
Photo of Brett Andersen, Psychologist in Scottsdale, AZ
Brett Andersen
Psychologist, PsyD, SSP, ABSNP, NCSP
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
As a child psychologist and a parent (myself), I love working with families. I can appreciate the difficulties of parenting, but as I child psychologist I understand child-related difficulties as they apply to academics inside and out. I currently work part-time for a local school district so I am up-to-date with any school-related practices (e.g., distance learning, IEPs, 504s, etc.). I love being able to resolve child-related concerns via psychoeducational evaluations and providing parents with a "road map" so their child gets what they need to be most successful.
As a child psychologist and a parent (myself), I love working with families. I can appreciate the difficulties of parenting, but as I child psychologist I understand child-related difficulties as they apply to academics inside and out. I currently work part-time for a local school district so I am up-to-date with any school-related practices (e.g., distance learning, IEPs, 504s, etc.). I love being able to resolve child-related concerns via psychoeducational evaluations and providing parents with a "road map" so their child gets what they need to be most successful.
(928) 236-9232 View (928) 236-9232
Photo of Stephanie Robertson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Stephanie Robertson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
We all struggle at one time or another with grief, excessive stress, anxiety, depression and even addiction. It has been my privilege to walk alongside my clients through their healing process. Counseling should be a place we feel safe and not judged. I specialize in anxiety disorders, trauma, and addiction but work with a range of issues in adolescents and adults. I am trained in EMDR therapy as well as attachment theory and have a passion for helping people find their inner strengths in order to live a happier and healthier life. I aim to empower my clients to learn to care for themselves and heal their nervous system.
We all struggle at one time or another with grief, excessive stress, anxiety, depression and even addiction. It has been my privilege to walk alongside my clients through their healing process. Counseling should be a place we feel safe and not judged. I specialize in anxiety disorders, trauma, and addiction but work with a range of issues in adolescents and adults. I am trained in EMDR therapy as well as attachment theory and have a passion for helping people find their inner strengths in order to live a happier and healthier life. I aim to empower my clients to learn to care for themselves and heal their nervous system.
(480) 660-3550 View (480) 660-3550
Photo of Michelle Hildt, Marriage & Family Therapist in Scottsdale, AZ
Michelle Hildt
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist at Therapy With Heart. I know that making the decision to seek therapy takes courage, and feeling safe and comfortable are the first steps in creating personal change. With this as a backdrop, I structure our sessions around mindfulness and emphasizing your strengths while collaborating together to find the answers that work for YOU. I also strive to help provide you with the tools necessary to continue growing outside the therapy session.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist at Therapy With Heart. I know that making the decision to seek therapy takes courage, and feeling safe and comfortable are the first steps in creating personal change. With this as a backdrop, I structure our sessions around mindfulness and emphasizing your strengths while collaborating together to find the answers that work for YOU. I also strive to help provide you with the tools necessary to continue growing outside the therapy session.
(480) 568-1942 View (480) 568-1942
Photo of Alicia Marie Bindenagel in Scottsdale, AZ
Alicia Marie Bindenagel
MS, LMHCA, PCC
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
I hope this profile finds you in good health and high spirits. With a Master of Science in Professional Counseling, a life coach certification, and a Doctorate in Health and Wellness Leadership in progress, I am committed to helping you find practical and long-lasting solutions for your personal and professional life. My approach combines education and experience, integrating holistic methods like emotional coaching, resilience building, overcoming failure, and boosting confidence. This tailored approach recognizes that each individual is unique in their needs and aspirations. Feeling lost, stuck, or unable to identify the obstacles
I hope this profile finds you in good health and high spirits. With a Master of Science in Professional Counseling, a life coach certification, and a Doctorate in Health and Wellness Leadership in progress, I am committed to helping you find practical and long-lasting solutions for your personal and professional life. My approach combines education and experience, integrating holistic methods like emotional coaching, resilience building, overcoming failure, and boosting confidence. This tailored approach recognizes that each individual is unique in their needs and aspirations. Feeling lost, stuck, or unable to identify the obstacles
(480) 571-3758 View (480) 571-3758
Photo of Lora Plohal, Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Lora Plohal
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Do you feel alone and that no one understands you or your struggles? Do you find managing the stress of daily life and relationships challenging because of anxiety, trauma, depression, or OCD? Are you losing sleep, struggling with low self-esteem or stuck in a pattern of overthinking or doubting your decisions? If searching for a therapist for yourself or your child feels overwhelming, let me help make it easier. Just reach out. I am happy to help, and will answer any questions you may have about therapy or my practice.
Do you feel alone and that no one understands you or your struggles? Do you find managing the stress of daily life and relationships challenging because of anxiety, trauma, depression, or OCD? Are you losing sleep, struggling with low self-esteem or stuck in a pattern of overthinking or doubting your decisions? If searching for a therapist for yourself or your child feels overwhelming, let me help make it easier. Just reach out. I am happy to help, and will answer any questions you may have about therapy or my practice.
(480) 808-0871 View (480) 808-0871
Photo of Haley Fieger, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Scottsdale, AZ
Haley Fieger
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LAMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Accepting Cigna Starting Mid-May! Are you wanting to break free of patterns that no longer serve you? I would love to provide a safe place for you if you are experiencing any stress or lack of control, if you have been exposed to trauma (indoctrination/religious harm or trauma), or if you identify as a part of the LGBTQ+ community. I also would love to work with you and your partner in couples therapy to help you communicate effectively and love more openly through increased vulnerability and healthy boundaries in your relationship.
Accepting Cigna Starting Mid-May! Are you wanting to break free of patterns that no longer serve you? I would love to provide a safe place for you if you are experiencing any stress or lack of control, if you have been exposed to trauma (indoctrination/religious harm or trauma), or if you identify as a part of the LGBTQ+ community. I also would love to work with you and your partner in couples therapy to help you communicate effectively and love more openly through increased vulnerability and healthy boundaries in your relationship.
(480) 771-9351 View (480) 771-9351
Photo of Val Marbach, Licensed Professional Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Val Marbach
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Hi! My name is Val and I am in Oldtown Scottsdale. Are you feeling stuck, anxious, or depressed about "growing up"?Many of my clients are in their early to mid-adulthood, & are overwhelmed by life stressors & relationships. They are tired of feeling anxious, sad, angry, or confused. Anxiety, depression, overeating/drinking are all signs of deeper, underlying issues which I will gently assist you in processing, as well as help you see your strengths (yes, you have plenty of them!) My goal is for you to move thru the pain of your past, and give you skills so you can feel excited about your life ahead!
Hi! My name is Val and I am in Oldtown Scottsdale. Are you feeling stuck, anxious, or depressed about "growing up"?Many of my clients are in their early to mid-adulthood, & are overwhelmed by life stressors & relationships. They are tired of feeling anxious, sad, angry, or confused. Anxiety, depression, overeating/drinking are all signs of deeper, underlying issues which I will gently assist you in processing, as well as help you see your strengths (yes, you have plenty of them!) My goal is for you to move thru the pain of your past, and give you skills so you can feel excited about your life ahead!
(623) 887-8489 View (623) 887-8489
Photo of Melissa Alamprese, Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Melissa Alamprese
Counselor, MA, LAC
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Do you find yourself wondering if there has to be more to life than 'this,' whatever 'this' may be? Perhaps you find yourself plagued by thoughts, feelings, and images popping up at highly inopportune times (like bedtime or after social events). Our bodies can only handle so much stress before they start throwing out warning signs, most of which we've become quite adept at ignoring. Whether you are aware of the 'why' or source of these feelings or not, we don't have to live this way. We cannot escape the ups and downs of life, but we can learn to navigate those peaks and valleys without the constant worry of 'Am I doing life right?'
Do you find yourself wondering if there has to be more to life than 'this,' whatever 'this' may be? Perhaps you find yourself plagued by thoughts, feelings, and images popping up at highly inopportune times (like bedtime or after social events). Our bodies can only handle so much stress before they start throwing out warning signs, most of which we've become quite adept at ignoring. Whether you are aware of the 'why' or source of these feelings or not, we don't have to live this way. We cannot escape the ups and downs of life, but we can learn to navigate those peaks and valleys without the constant worry of 'Am I doing life right?'
(480) 613-2541 View (480) 613-2541
Photo of Kelsey Scott, Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Kelsey Scott
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85255
In my work, I see conflict and communication as the driving force for needing support. I believe that every conflict offers an opportunity to be deeply seen and understood by our partner, friends, or family. In my practice, I lead with the Gottman method for couples, which integrates research-based interventions to help those that are experiencing issues such as lack of intimacy, sex, commitment issues, infidelity, betrayal, lack of friendship, loss of trust, money issues, communication issues, parenting, etc. This approach is equally applicable to working with families and individuals as well.
In my work, I see conflict and communication as the driving force for needing support. I believe that every conflict offers an opportunity to be deeply seen and understood by our partner, friends, or family. In my practice, I lead with the Gottman method for couples, which integrates research-based interventions to help those that are experiencing issues such as lack of intimacy, sex, commitment issues, infidelity, betrayal, lack of friendship, loss of trust, money issues, communication issues, parenting, etc. This approach is equally applicable to working with families and individuals as well.
(602) 935-9054 View (602) 935-9054
Photo of Jenna Ciancanelli, Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Jenna Ciancanelli
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Teens and young adults are my specialties. Are you looking for a safe, nonjudgmental space to learn skills and tools to help in managing symptoms like anxiety and depression for yourself or your teen? You are in the right place! People that seek me out are looking for a therapist that makes them feel seen, heard, welcomed, and understood. They often feel overwhelmed by emotions such as anxiety, irritability, depression, fear of judgment from others, or substance use. Many times they feel as though they are just getting through life and live in constant survival mode. The good news is therapy can help!
Teens and young adults are my specialties. Are you looking for a safe, nonjudgmental space to learn skills and tools to help in managing symptoms like anxiety and depression for yourself or your teen? You are in the right place! People that seek me out are looking for a therapist that makes them feel seen, heard, welcomed, and understood. They often feel overwhelmed by emotions such as anxiety, irritability, depression, fear of judgment from others, or substance use. Many times they feel as though they are just getting through life and live in constant survival mode. The good news is therapy can help!
(480) 906-3743 View (480) 906-3743
Photo of Mindset Sports Psychology in Scottsdale, AZ
Mindset Sports Psychology
MS, CHT
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Adam Berry has been involved in sports for over 20 years and has a Masters in Sports Psychology as well as being a certified hypnotherapist. His wealth of knowledge includes a successful history as a soccer coach at the college and professional ranks, as well as being a player himself. Adam has worked extensively with athletes of all ages and skill levels, from youth sport through to the professional ranks. He also works with ASU Athletics. His experience as a player and coach gives him a valuable insight into the daily challenges athletes and sports professionals face.
Adam Berry has been involved in sports for over 20 years and has a Masters in Sports Psychology as well as being a certified hypnotherapist. His wealth of knowledge includes a successful history as a soccer coach at the college and professional ranks, as well as being a player himself. Adam has worked extensively with athletes of all ages and skill levels, from youth sport through to the professional ranks. He also works with ASU Athletics. His experience as a player and coach gives him a valuable insight into the daily challenges athletes and sports professionals face.
(480) 418-4474 View (480) 418-4474
Photo of Amy Sharman, Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Amy Sharman
Counselor, MA, LAC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85250
My goal is to help every client lead a more fulfilling life. Throughout my life, I have experienced a journey of self-exploration and growth that led me to transition from the corporate world to my passion, counseling. I am inspired to help others discover their best self by gaining insight into thoughts and behaviors that get in the way of reaching their full potential. By engaging in self-exploration through the process of therapy, we can improve how we feel about ourselves which translates into a healthier and happier life for ourselves and those close to us.
My goal is to help every client lead a more fulfilling life. Throughout my life, I have experienced a journey of self-exploration and growth that led me to transition from the corporate world to my passion, counseling. I am inspired to help others discover their best self by gaining insight into thoughts and behaviors that get in the way of reaching their full potential. By engaging in self-exploration through the process of therapy, we can improve how we feel about ourselves which translates into a healthier and happier life for ourselves and those close to us.
(602) 691-5460 View (602) 691-5460
Photo of Natalie Fabert, Psychologist in Scottsdale, AZ
Natalie Fabert
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
You have an innate ability for psychological healing and growth; you can become who you truly are. When you are ready, therapy can help support you through this work. I provide confidential individual therapy services for adults 18 years of age and older who are experiencing general mental health concerns such as those related to depression, anxiety, stress, health issues, relational issues, grief, identity concerns, professional or personal life transitions, trauma, and abuse.
You have an innate ability for psychological healing and growth; you can become who you truly are. When you are ready, therapy can help support you through this work. I provide confidential individual therapy services for adults 18 years of age and older who are experiencing general mental health concerns such as those related to depression, anxiety, stress, health issues, relational issues, grief, identity concerns, professional or personal life transitions, trauma, and abuse.
(480) 530-7605 View (480) 530-7605
Photo of Ben Woodruff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Scottsdale, AZ
Ben Woodruff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MDiv
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Counseling seems like a strange thing. You are supposed to tell a stranger all the intimate details about yourself and focus on the worst parts of your life - and pay for it! It sounds horrible, but counseling can be a wonderful and transformational experience in someone's life. Having healthy conversation with someone who is nonjudgmental, empathetic, and trained to help can really help you take the steps you have always wanted. I would love to see if this strange thing can transform your life.
Counseling seems like a strange thing. You are supposed to tell a stranger all the intimate details about yourself and focus on the worst parts of your life - and pay for it! It sounds horrible, but counseling can be a wonderful and transformational experience in someone's life. Having healthy conversation with someone who is nonjudgmental, empathetic, and trained to help can really help you take the steps you have always wanted. I would love to see if this strange thing can transform your life.
(480) 800-4491 View (480) 800-4491

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Scottsdale, AZ

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Scottsdale, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
85% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
74% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
69% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
63% BlueCross and BlueShield
58% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Scottsdale, AZ see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Scottsdale?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.