Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Christine Peters, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Christine Peters
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10028
Christine has over 10 years of therapy experience, utilizing Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, and other approaches. She received her degree from New York University and is also a Board Certified Behavior Analyst. She has experience working with children, adolescents, and adults for a variety of issues. These include depression, anxiety, phobias, panic, anger, stress, insomnia, ADHD, autism, developmental delays, and work/home/school issues.
Christine has over 10 years of therapy experience, utilizing Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, and other approaches. She received her degree from New York University and is also a Board Certified Behavior Analyst. She has experience working with children, adolescents, and adults for a variety of issues. These include depression, anxiety, phobias, panic, anger, stress, insomnia, ADHD, autism, developmental delays, and work/home/school issues.
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Photo of Adria Adams, Psychologist in New York, NY
Adria Adams
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
New York, NY 10038  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with diverse treatment experience with individuals, couples, and families coping with a host of relational and clinical issues including trauma, depression, anxiety, and personality disorders. My treatment approach is collaborative, informed by psychodynamic, experiential, and cognitive-behavioral theories to strengthen your coping skills and work towards symptom relief. Deciding to seek psychotherapy is not an easy decision, thus I commend you for taking this step. I am here to help you define and better understand your life, relationships, difficulties, and goals. Together we can make a difference.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with diverse treatment experience with individuals, couples, and families coping with a host of relational and clinical issues including trauma, depression, anxiety, and personality disorders. My treatment approach is collaborative, informed by psychodynamic, experiential, and cognitive-behavioral theories to strengthen your coping skills and work towards symptom relief. Deciding to seek psychotherapy is not an easy decision, thus I commend you for taking this step. I am here to help you define and better understand your life, relationships, difficulties, and goals. Together we can make a difference.
(646) 600-9232 View (646) 600-9232
Photo of Jamy Drapeza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Jamy Drapeza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
NY & DC Residents Only - Life transitions can get messy. We all face times of uncertainty, loss, and endings. Transitions can also mean new beginnings, different relationships, and exploring the unknown in your future and your past. Our sessions are a space to examine roots of systemic oppression, inherited fears, environmental trauma, and harmful labels you were given that you didn't ask for. My role is to walk with you as we examine your patterns for growth, detach what no longer serves you, and map out your mental health wellness journey together.
NY & DC Residents Only - Life transitions can get messy. We all face times of uncertainty, loss, and endings. Transitions can also mean new beginnings, different relationships, and exploring the unknown in your future and your past. Our sessions are a space to examine roots of systemic oppression, inherited fears, environmental trauma, and harmful labels you were given that you didn't ask for. My role is to walk with you as we examine your patterns for growth, detach what no longer serves you, and map out your mental health wellness journey together.
(646) 787-1126 View (646) 787-1126
Photo of Adelyn Melnikoff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Adelyn Melnikoff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10006
Adelyn is a seasoned therapist dedicated to guiding individuals toward a life of fulfillment, purpose, and personal growth. Specializing in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Adelyn brings extensive experience from working in Mt. Sinai Hospital system’s top CBT and therapy programs. She has treated a diverse set of adult clients across all life stages, navigating a wide range of psychiatric and medical challenges in both outpatient and inpatient settings. She specializes in trauma- and stressor-related disorders, anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, executive functioning, and the intersection of medical conditions and mental health.
Adelyn is a seasoned therapist dedicated to guiding individuals toward a life of fulfillment, purpose, and personal growth. Specializing in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Adelyn brings extensive experience from working in Mt. Sinai Hospital system’s top CBT and therapy programs. She has treated a diverse set of adult clients across all life stages, navigating a wide range of psychiatric and medical challenges in both outpatient and inpatient settings. She specializes in trauma- and stressor-related disorders, anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, executive functioning, and the intersection of medical conditions and mental health.
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Photo of Harper Corvus - Sentient Psychotherapy, Psychologist in New York, NY
Harper Corvus - Sentient Psychotherapy
Psychologist, LMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
New York, NY 10007
My identity as a queer, non-binary individual informs my therapeutic approach. Let's work together to develop effective coping skills, to encourage meaningful behavioral change, and to improve your interpersonal relationships. We will collaborate to identify the areas where you’re struggling and develop a personalized treatment plan catered to your needs. I work well with professionals and college students managing symptoms of anxiety, ADHD, depression, OCD, perfectionism, and relationship issues. As a compassion-driven individual, I am excited to provide a safe space to help you achieve your goals.
My identity as a queer, non-binary individual informs my therapeutic approach. Let's work together to develop effective coping skills, to encourage meaningful behavioral change, and to improve your interpersonal relationships. We will collaborate to identify the areas where you’re struggling and develop a personalized treatment plan catered to your needs. I work well with professionals and college students managing symptoms of anxiety, ADHD, depression, OCD, perfectionism, and relationship issues. As a compassion-driven individual, I am excited to provide a safe space to help you achieve your goals.
(646) 586-3311 View (646) 586-3311
Photo of Kelly D Nadel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Kelly D Nadel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10025  (Online Only)
www.kellynadel.com
www.kellynadel.com
(608) 573-5025 View (608) 573-5025
Photo of Dr. Earl Grey, Counselor in New York, NY
Dr. Earl Grey
Counselor, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010  (Online Only)
Thank you for stoping by my practice profile. I am grateful you are looking to find support to live life to your fullest. I work with people who are doing their best to live successfully and continue to struggle for various reasons. I drive my practice by respecting and actively affirming your cultural experiences, identities, and intersectionalities. The impact of systemic oppression and racism is traumatic and integrating systemic experiences and their relationship to the challenges you are managing, is foundational to my work with you.
Thank you for stoping by my practice profile. I am grateful you are looking to find support to live life to your fullest. I work with people who are doing their best to live successfully and continue to struggle for various reasons. I drive my practice by respecting and actively affirming your cultural experiences, identities, and intersectionalities. The impact of systemic oppression and racism is traumatic and integrating systemic experiences and their relationship to the challenges you are managing, is foundational to my work with you.
(929) 581-7892 View (929) 581-7892
Photo of Paige T. Keren, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Paige T. Keren
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10013  (Online Only)
I am warm, attentive, and solutions-focused therapist who specializes in working with young adults and adults through life transitions. I integrate traditional psychotherapy with cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques to allow each client to discover their own inner strength and make positive and desired changes in their lives. I tailor my approach to each individual's needs, beliefs and goals, and work collaboratively with each client. I hope to support and challenge my client’s to make adjustments that better their emotional state and goals.
I am warm, attentive, and solutions-focused therapist who specializes in working with young adults and adults through life transitions. I integrate traditional psychotherapy with cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques to allow each client to discover their own inner strength and make positive and desired changes in their lives. I tailor my approach to each individual's needs, beliefs and goals, and work collaboratively with each client. I hope to support and challenge my client’s to make adjustments that better their emotional state and goals.
(347) 970-2675 View (347) 970-2675
Photo of Jonathan McClain, Psychologist in New York, NY
Jonathan McClain
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011
We all need outlets to relieve stress—to talk, vent, and/or figure things out. Everyone can benefit from the relief that a supportive therapy experience can provide; and it’s my goal to offer that to everyone I work with. You may be experiencing a life transition that you’re unsure of how to navigate or chronic worry about the future or strained relationships with people in your life. Whatever your concern, therapy can help. Therapy has the potential to be a part of your toolkit for support and reprieve. In our sessions we’ll explore the development of your concerns and create strategies for how to navigate them.
We all need outlets to relieve stress—to talk, vent, and/or figure things out. Everyone can benefit from the relief that a supportive therapy experience can provide; and it’s my goal to offer that to everyone I work with. You may be experiencing a life transition that you’re unsure of how to navigate or chronic worry about the future or strained relationships with people in your life. Whatever your concern, therapy can help. Therapy has the potential to be a part of your toolkit for support and reprieve. In our sessions we’ll explore the development of your concerns and create strategies for how to navigate them.
(646) 760-3820 View (646) 760-3820
Photo of Julie Sahlein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Julie Sahlein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
Everyone who comes through my office door has one thing in common: the wish to suffer less and enjoy life more. I can help you achieve your life goals and dreams. I see my job as listening to you carefully, patiently, and through the lens of my professional expertise, in order to identify the hidden obstacles to your greater wellbeing. Together, in an atmosphere of nonjudgmental, accepting, respectful communication, we will interrupt dysfunctional patterns and build on your strengths. The results of a successful treatment will be that you no longer feel "stuck"; instead, you will feel like life offers you more possibilities.
Everyone who comes through my office door has one thing in common: the wish to suffer less and enjoy life more. I can help you achieve your life goals and dreams. I see my job as listening to you carefully, patiently, and through the lens of my professional expertise, in order to identify the hidden obstacles to your greater wellbeing. Together, in an atmosphere of nonjudgmental, accepting, respectful communication, we will interrupt dysfunctional patterns and build on your strengths. The results of a successful treatment will be that you no longer feel "stuck"; instead, you will feel like life offers you more possibilities.
(929) 470-1125 View (929) 470-1125
Photo of Kendall French-Kazen in New York, NY
Kendall French-Kazen
MSEd, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016
Everyone deserves a space to be heard without judgment or fear. Through my passion for empathetic listening and mental health advocacy, I approach the counseling space with an attitude of exploration and mutual respect. Every individual is a unique blend of personality and life experiences, so therapeutic interventions will be tailored to your specific needs, cultural background, and intersecting identities. Together, we will process the past, address unhelpful thought patterns in the present, and clarify goals for the future. Let’s collaborate on your therapeutic journey today.
Everyone deserves a space to be heard without judgment or fear. Through my passion for empathetic listening and mental health advocacy, I approach the counseling space with an attitude of exploration and mutual respect. Every individual is a unique blend of personality and life experiences, so therapeutic interventions will be tailored to your specific needs, cultural background, and intersecting identities. Together, we will process the past, address unhelpful thought patterns in the present, and clarify goals for the future. Let’s collaborate on your therapeutic journey today.
(646) 759-4180 x1 View (646) 759-4180 x1
Photo of January Massin, Psychologist in New York, NY
January Massin
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist specializing in addiction, mood disorders, and transitional periods characteristic of young adulthood and midlife. I have had significant experience as a Supervising Psychologist at The Addiction Institute of NY, Mount Sinai West where I developed expertise treating young adults and high-functioning individuals (often, professionals) with substance use and co-occurring mood disorders; I now offer this expertise in a discreet, comfortable private practice setting. Given my experience, I am also well-positioned to refer you to the best in psychiatry. I provide individual, couples and group psychotherapies.
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist specializing in addiction, mood disorders, and transitional periods characteristic of young adulthood and midlife. I have had significant experience as a Supervising Psychologist at The Addiction Institute of NY, Mount Sinai West where I developed expertise treating young adults and high-functioning individuals (often, professionals) with substance use and co-occurring mood disorders; I now offer this expertise in a discreet, comfortable private practice setting. Given my experience, I am also well-positioned to refer you to the best in psychiatry. I provide individual, couples and group psychotherapies.
(917) 924-6904 x917658 View (917) 924-6904 x917658
Photo of Catia Harrington, Psychologist in New York, NY
Catia Harrington
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
New York, NY 10003
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who helps adults & adolescents understand and cope with difficult feelings and behaviors that are getting in their way. Sometimes we feel inexplicably sad, lonely, withdrawn, defeated, alienated, anxious, or self-defeating. These feelings can impact our lives and relationships in a negative way. By exploring and understanding these feelings and behaviors together, we can begin to work on changing the negative patterns and to restore a sense of connection and engagement.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who helps adults & adolescents understand and cope with difficult feelings and behaviors that are getting in their way. Sometimes we feel inexplicably sad, lonely, withdrawn, defeated, alienated, anxious, or self-defeating. These feelings can impact our lives and relationships in a negative way. By exploring and understanding these feelings and behaviors together, we can begin to work on changing the negative patterns and to restore a sense of connection and engagement.
(347) 441-4190 View (347) 441-4190
Photo of Susan Gutwill, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Susan Gutwill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I am a trained and experienced therapist in relational psychoanalysis as well as traumatology. I was part of bringing these two together some decades ago. In addition I understand eating problems and body image distortion. My professional writing covers these areas. I work with hypnosis, guided visualization and the body, as well as sharing a deepening conversation about you. I want to meet you right there with curiosity, warmth, growing empathy and care. I am an open and informal person by nature yet, of course, I work within professional boundaries. It is about you. I look forward to meeting you.
I am a trained and experienced therapist in relational psychoanalysis as well as traumatology. I was part of bringing these two together some decades ago. In addition I understand eating problems and body image distortion. My professional writing covers these areas. I work with hypnosis, guided visualization and the body, as well as sharing a deepening conversation about you. I want to meet you right there with curiosity, warmth, growing empathy and care. I am an open and informal person by nature yet, of course, I work within professional boundaries. It is about you. I look forward to meeting you.
(732) 719-7991 View (732) 719-7991
Photo of Esther Gottlieb, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Esther Gottlieb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker primarily seeing adults for individual sessions. I provide support to people who are faced with a wide range of concerns including anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, relationship difficulties, OCD, ADHD, career challenges and parenting stresses. I have also helped people who have experience trauma or emotional abuse and have provided a safe space to work through sensitive issues. My counseling style is supportive, non-judgmental, empowering and interactive. Using evidence based practices, we will identify your skills and strengths then help you achieve your treatment goals.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker primarily seeing adults for individual sessions. I provide support to people who are faced with a wide range of concerns including anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, relationship difficulties, OCD, ADHD, career challenges and parenting stresses. I have also helped people who have experience trauma or emotional abuse and have provided a safe space to work through sensitive issues. My counseling style is supportive, non-judgmental, empowering and interactive. Using evidence based practices, we will identify your skills and strengths then help you achieve your treatment goals.
(646) 846-0366 View (646) 846-0366
Photo of Cynthia Madsen, Mental Health Counselor in New York, NY
Cynthia Madsen
Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10023
Life presents us with challenges that can interfere with health and wholeness. We each have the ability to approach and integrate these challenges, yet it is easier with support. I work with individuals and couples of all ages seeking help with: life transitions, grief, anxiety, depression, personal identity, LGBTQ, relationship concerns, and alternative lifestyles, including consensual nonmonogamy. I also work with individuals navigating demanding and competitive high-profile careers in finance, law, healthcare, and the arts. Together we will nurture resiliency, empowerment, wholeness, and well-being.
Life presents us with challenges that can interfere with health and wholeness. We each have the ability to approach and integrate these challenges, yet it is easier with support. I work with individuals and couples of all ages seeking help with: life transitions, grief, anxiety, depression, personal identity, LGBTQ, relationship concerns, and alternative lifestyles, including consensual nonmonogamy. I also work with individuals navigating demanding and competitive high-profile careers in finance, law, healthcare, and the arts. Together we will nurture resiliency, empowerment, wholeness, and well-being.
(917) 997-3944 View (917) 997-3944
Photo of Deborah L Singer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Deborah L Singer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, CASAC, CEAP, SAP, CGT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10028
Are you looking for a way to deepen your connection and strengthen your relationship with your partner? Look no further. As a certified Gottman therapist, I use evidence-based techniques to help couples improve their communication, increase intimacy, and resolve conflicts in a healthy and effective manner. With over 40 years of research and success, the Gottman Method has been proven to significantly improve relationships and increase relationship satisfaction. Let's work together to build a happier and healthier future for your relationship. I am licensed in CT, MA, ME, NH, NJ, NY, TX and VT.
Are you looking for a way to deepen your connection and strengthen your relationship with your partner? Look no further. As a certified Gottman therapist, I use evidence-based techniques to help couples improve their communication, increase intimacy, and resolve conflicts in a healthy and effective manner. With over 40 years of research and success, the Gottman Method has been proven to significantly improve relationships and increase relationship satisfaction. Let's work together to build a happier and healthier future for your relationship. I am licensed in CT, MA, ME, NH, NJ, NY, TX and VT.
(516) 693-2027 View (516) 693-2027
Photo of Jessica Forem, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Jessica Forem
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
As your therapist, my mission is to guide you towards a healthier life that feels more meaningful to you. I help individuals just like you to set realistic and attainable goals, and offer unwavering support to help you achieve these goals that pave the way for a more fulfilling life.
As your therapist, my mission is to guide you towards a healthier life that feels more meaningful to you. I help individuals just like you to set realistic and attainable goals, and offer unwavering support to help you achieve these goals that pave the way for a more fulfilling life.
(929) 470-3465 View (929) 470-3465
Photo of Betsy W Spanbock, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Betsy W Spanbock
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, FIPA
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010
Therapy is one of the most powerful tools we have to resolve anxiety, depression, relationship issues and the ordinary problems of living. Through our therapeutic endeavor, you can discover the stumbling blocks that prevent you from living to your fullest potential. My particular areas of interest include cultural and life stage transition, anxiety states and relationship and work issues. My goal is to help you know yourself better and to help you live with more joy, resilience and freedom.
Therapy is one of the most powerful tools we have to resolve anxiety, depression, relationship issues and the ordinary problems of living. Through our therapeutic endeavor, you can discover the stumbling blocks that prevent you from living to your fullest potential. My particular areas of interest include cultural and life stage transition, anxiety states and relationship and work issues. My goal is to help you know yourself better and to help you live with more joy, resilience and freedom.
(917) 267-5496 View (917) 267-5496
Photo of Shania Sekhon in New York, NY
Shania Sekhon
MHC, Intern
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
My approach to therapy is rooted in my firm belief in the power of self-exploration through a collaborative approach. I aim to be warm, open-minded and inquisitive with my clients in order to establish an authentic connection where I can learn what has led each client to therapy as well as what they wish to happen next. My hope is that my clients will feel a shift towards self-acceptance and growth over the course of our time together. I strive for my clients to develop insight in which they are able to take what they learn about themselves in sessions and apply it to their life outside of therapy in practicable and actionable ways.
My approach to therapy is rooted in my firm belief in the power of self-exploration through a collaborative approach. I aim to be warm, open-minded and inquisitive with my clients in order to establish an authentic connection where I can learn what has led each client to therapy as well as what they wish to happen next. My hope is that my clients will feel a shift towards self-acceptance and growth over the course of our time together. I strive for my clients to develop insight in which they are able to take what they learn about themselves in sessions and apply it to their life outside of therapy in practicable and actionable ways.
(929) 407-3168 View (929) 407-3168

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.