Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA

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Photo of Nico’Lee Biddle, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nico’Lee Biddle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15234
Everyone experiences trauma, but for some, those experiences can feel too big to handle alone. My name is Nico’Lee Biddle, and I specialize in working with individuals who have experienced complex trauma, depression, and anxiety. I have 10 years of experience working with individuals whose lives have been impacted by experiencing something beyond their control, such as foster care, parental substance abuse or mental health, and overall life transitions. I have an eclectic therapeutic approach where I use elements of cognitive behavioral therapy, narrative and talk therapy, and trauma-focused therapy.
Everyone experiences trauma, but for some, those experiences can feel too big to handle alone. My name is Nico’Lee Biddle, and I specialize in working with individuals who have experienced complex trauma, depression, and anxiety. I have 10 years of experience working with individuals whose lives have been impacted by experiencing something beyond their control, such as foster care, parental substance abuse or mental health, and overall life transitions. I have an eclectic therapeutic approach where I use elements of cognitive behavioral therapy, narrative and talk therapy, and trauma-focused therapy.
(412) 501-4645 View (412) 501-4645
Photo of Tonette Whitted, LPC, MSEd, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tonette Whitted
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MSEd, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15206  (Online Only)
To my future clients, wow I'm so glad you've crossed my page. I'm not sure what it took to get to this point, but I am sure glad you did. I could give you the long spill of why I think this process is helpful and enlightening, but I won't. What I will tell you is; you are capable, you are strong, you are resilient and going through the psychotherapy process I hope you discover that too! You deserve to be seen, to feel valued and to be heard. Life has a way of knocking the wind out of you and causing you to question your existence. Resilience is one thing we all share; the capability of getting back up and breathe again. Breathe.
To my future clients, wow I'm so glad you've crossed my page. I'm not sure what it took to get to this point, but I am sure glad you did. I could give you the long spill of why I think this process is helpful and enlightening, but I won't. What I will tell you is; you are capable, you are strong, you are resilient and going through the psychotherapy process I hope you discover that too! You deserve to be seen, to feel valued and to be heard. Life has a way of knocking the wind out of you and causing you to question your existence. Resilience is one thing we all share; the capability of getting back up and breathe again. Breathe.
(412) 435-9031 View (412) 435-9031
Photo of Dr. Rebecca Brent, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Rebecca Brent
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15206
Not accepting new clients
The prospect of change can be frightening, but it can also bring greater happiness, growth and meaning to your life. As a licensed clinical psychologist, I take a compassionate and collaborative approach to help you navigate life challenges, heal from painful experiences, and grow into the best version of yourself. In addition to in person sessions in Pittsburgh, PA, ​I am able to provide teletherapy in participating states pursuant to Psypact Practice Interjurisdictional Telepsychology (APIT) under the Psypact Commission E. Passport Mobility Number 15679 (includes PA, OH, WV and 34 additional states)
The prospect of change can be frightening, but it can also bring greater happiness, growth and meaning to your life. As a licensed clinical psychologist, I take a compassionate and collaborative approach to help you navigate life challenges, heal from painful experiences, and grow into the best version of yourself. In addition to in person sessions in Pittsburgh, PA, ​I am able to provide teletherapy in participating states pursuant to Psypact Practice Interjurisdictional Telepsychology (APIT) under the Psypact Commission E. Passport Mobility Number 15679 (includes PA, OH, WV and 34 additional states)
(412) 424-6960 View (412) 424-6960
Photo of Mark E. Dean, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mark E. Dean
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15220  (Online Only)
My focus is helping you to discover your own unique pathway through the hardships and challenges that you are currently facing. This path is almost impossible to find on your own when you feel lost, confused, overwhelmed, and in pain. At such times one naturally feels broken, defective, and defeated by troubles that you have tried your best to understand and overcome. In every struggle however there lies a hidden possibility for growth and development that can lead to a renewed sense of meaning and well being. My work is to listen carefully to you, to come to understand your unique life, and how what you are struggling with actually makes perfect sense. By understanding your life and your struggle we can find what is needed to navigate through to a renewed sense of life and meaning.
My focus is helping you to discover your own unique pathway through the hardships and challenges that you are currently facing. This path is almost impossible to find on your own when you feel lost, confused, overwhelmed, and in pain. At such times one naturally feels broken, defective, and defeated by troubles that you have tried your best to understand and overcome. In every struggle however there lies a hidden possibility for growth and development that can lead to a renewed sense of meaning and well being. My work is to listen carefully to you, to come to understand your unique life, and how what you are struggling with actually makes perfect sense. By understanding your life and your struggle we can find what is needed to navigate through to a renewed sense of life and meaning.
(610) 756-0983 View (610) 756-0983
Photo of Patricia Hanson, MS, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Patricia Hanson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15221
What you can expect from our first session • A Safe and Nurturing Environment • Enhanced Self-awareness • Practical Coping Strategies • Holistic Well-being • Empowerment • A Deepened Connection • Transformational Conversations In essence, sessions with me are a blend of empathy, expertise, and empowerment. Whether in a crisis, seeking strategies for specific challenges, or yearning for personal growth, our collaborative journey is designed to illuminate paths forward and cultivate enduring mental and emotional strength.
What you can expect from our first session • A Safe and Nurturing Environment • Enhanced Self-awareness • Practical Coping Strategies • Holistic Well-being • Empowerment • A Deepened Connection • Transformational Conversations In essence, sessions with me are a blend of empathy, expertise, and empowerment. Whether in a crisis, seeking strategies for specific challenges, or yearning for personal growth, our collaborative journey is designed to illuminate paths forward and cultivate enduring mental and emotional strength.
(878) 313-6450 View (878) 313-6450
Photo of Kyle Hulsebus, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kyle Hulsebus
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15217  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with teens and adults, especially those struggling to navigate some of the tougher moments of life. I have a lot of experience working with folks on emotional management - especially anger and anxiety - as well as exploring relationships and their impact on a person's life. I seek to help people find the best way forward and to overcome the stumbling blocks on their way. As a therapist, I also try to help challenge people's thoughts and help them gain new perspectives on the issues they're facing.
I enjoy working with teens and adults, especially those struggling to navigate some of the tougher moments of life. I have a lot of experience working with folks on emotional management - especially anger and anxiety - as well as exploring relationships and their impact on a person's life. I seek to help people find the best way forward and to overcome the stumbling blocks on their way. As a therapist, I also try to help challenge people's thoughts and help them gain new perspectives on the issues they're facing.
(878) 216-7524 View (878) 216-7524
Photo of Rachael Manfredo, MSCP, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rachael Manfredo
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSCP, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15232
Waitlist for new clients
Seeking out help can be an overwhelming, difficult process. Having the strength to do so is an admirable step. I believe that the therapeutic journey should be one of a collaborative effort. I’m devoted to creating a safe, nonjudgmental environment where we work together towards your goals and finding some peace in your everyday life.
Seeking out help can be an overwhelming, difficult process. Having the strength to do so is an admirable step. I believe that the therapeutic journey should be one of a collaborative effort. I’m devoted to creating a safe, nonjudgmental environment where we work together towards your goals and finding some peace in your everyday life.
(412) 547-5788 View (412) 547-5788
Photo of Arriba T. Walker At Grow Therapy, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Arriba T. Walker At Grow Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15239  (Online Only)
Are you ready to get out of the valley, step over those mountains, and press through those situations, obstacles, emotions, behaviors or past experiences that have been a barrier to reaching your success, goals and destiny? My name is Arriba Walker and I am the Founder of Trinity Professional Counseling & Development Services, and a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania. I specialize in providing Trauma-Focused treatment to address symptoms of depression, anxiety, grief, loss, dissociation and other symptoms that result from traumatic experiences.
Are you ready to get out of the valley, step over those mountains, and press through those situations, obstacles, emotions, behaviors or past experiences that have been a barrier to reaching your success, goals and destiny? My name is Arriba Walker and I am the Founder of Trinity Professional Counseling & Development Services, and a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania. I specialize in providing Trauma-Focused treatment to address symptoms of depression, anxiety, grief, loss, dissociation and other symptoms that result from traumatic experiences.
(412) 775-3701 View (412) 775-3701
Photo of Chelsea Williams, PsyD, Psychologist
Chelsea Williams
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15238
Dr. Williams is a licensed psychologist at The Psychology Loft and obtained her doctorate at Duquesne University. She holds master’s degrees in Educational and Child Psychology and has 10+ years of experience working with individuals across the lifespan. Throughout her career, Dr. Williams has worked in public and private schools, hospitals, community mental health, crisis centers, private practice, juvenile justice and correctional facilities, and has served on legal teams supporting justice-involved youth.
Dr. Williams is a licensed psychologist at The Psychology Loft and obtained her doctorate at Duquesne University. She holds master’s degrees in Educational and Child Psychology and has 10+ years of experience working with individuals across the lifespan. Throughout her career, Dr. Williams has worked in public and private schools, hospitals, community mental health, crisis centers, private practice, juvenile justice and correctional facilities, and has served on legal teams supporting justice-involved youth.
(412) 899-1158 View (412) 899-1158
Photo of G Hoffer, LPC, CCTP-II, Licensed Professional Counselor
G Hoffer
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CCTP-II
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Not accepting new clients
I view therapy as an opportunity to better understand yourself as a whole along with addressing concerns in your life. When we take time to explore how we act, think, and feel we are able to access new parts of ourselves and new perspectives on life. The process of therapy can be powerful. I can offer this opportunity for you to explore yourself & possible changes in a safe, supportive, non-judgmental, & welcoming environment. I take a collaborative approach to therapy, which means YOU are the expert and we work together to offer you healing. I am happy to provide letters for gender affirming surgeries for Trans/GNC folx.
I view therapy as an opportunity to better understand yourself as a whole along with addressing concerns in your life. When we take time to explore how we act, think, and feel we are able to access new parts of ourselves and new perspectives on life. The process of therapy can be powerful. I can offer this opportunity for you to explore yourself & possible changes in a safe, supportive, non-judgmental, & welcoming environment. I take a collaborative approach to therapy, which means YOU are the expert and we work together to offer you healing. I am happy to provide letters for gender affirming surgeries for Trans/GNC folx.
(412) 339-1787 x4 View (412) 339-1787 x4
Photo of Maddison Fyffe, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Maddison Fyffe
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15222  (Online Only)
Are you battling with stress, depression, or anxiety? Your unique needs matter. You seek a therapist who understands and supports you on your journey to emotional well-being. Your goal is clear: to find practical solutions and guidance for a happier, more fulfilling life. Let's work together to achieve the positive changes you desire.
Are you battling with stress, depression, or anxiety? Your unique needs matter. You seek a therapist who understands and supports you on your journey to emotional well-being. Your goal is clear: to find practical solutions and guidance for a happier, more fulfilling life. Let's work together to achieve the positive changes you desire.
(412) 838-4005 View (412) 838-4005
Photo of Liz Bailey, LAPC, MSCP
Liz Bailey
Associate Professional Counselor, LAPC, MSCP
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15241
Waitlist for new clients
Now accepting UPMC Insurance! - Navigating our way through life can be challenging, confusing, and unexplainable. Are you tired of feeling like you "should be" at some point in your life that you're not? Have you hesitated to seek help due to the stigma and judgement of mental illness? Being a human in this world can feel so hard, and we are not always meant to be on this journey alone. Therapy should be a safe space where we can work together to foster your growth, connection, and strength. You are deserving of support through life's challenges. This shit is hard, but together we can do hard things!
Now accepting UPMC Insurance! - Navigating our way through life can be challenging, confusing, and unexplainable. Are you tired of feeling like you "should be" at some point in your life that you're not? Have you hesitated to seek help due to the stigma and judgement of mental illness? Being a human in this world can feel so hard, and we are not always meant to be on this journey alone. Therapy should be a safe space where we can work together to foster your growth, connection, and strength. You are deserving of support through life's challenges. This shit is hard, but together we can do hard things!
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Photo of Rebecca Talisa, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rebecca Talisa
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15217
Not accepting new clients
Are you seeking professional support during a time of stress or uncertainty? Have you been having difficulty managing your emotional health? Would you benefit from nonjudgmental and collaborative assistance in your personal growth? If so, I'd be happy to support you in your journey toward wellness.
Are you seeking professional support during a time of stress or uncertainty? Have you been having difficulty managing your emotional health? Would you benefit from nonjudgmental and collaborative assistance in your personal growth? If so, I'd be happy to support you in your journey toward wellness.
(412) 500-0644 View (412) 500-0644
Photo of Evan Csir, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Evan Csir
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15232
I am a Licensed Practicing Counselor with over 9 years of experience, and I am passionate about working with people, especially autistic individuals. I have extensive experience helping clients navigate depression, anxiety, and ADHD. I earned my BA in English and Psychology from Thiel College in 2007 and my MA in Counseling from Edinboro University in 2013.
I am a Licensed Practicing Counselor with over 9 years of experience, and I am passionate about working with people, especially autistic individuals. I have extensive experience helping clients navigate depression, anxiety, and ADHD. I earned my BA in English and Psychology from Thiel College in 2007 and my MA in Counseling from Edinboro University in 2013.
(412) 900-1125 View (412) 900-1125
Photo of Amy Savarino, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amy Savarino
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15232
Being able to connect with a clinician can be hard. Really hard. Feeling "other" has become so normal that we often don't even realize we are merely surviving because we don't know there's another way to exist. That's where I come in. Drawing from both lived experience and professional experience, my goal is to help you move from merely surviving to truly thriving and step into your authenticity with confidence, contentment, and peace.
Being able to connect with a clinician can be hard. Really hard. Feeling "other" has become so normal that we often don't even realize we are merely surviving because we don't know there's another way to exist. That's where I come in. Drawing from both lived experience and professional experience, my goal is to help you move from merely surviving to truly thriving and step into your authenticity with confidence, contentment, and peace.
(412) 203-9883 View (412) 203-9883
Photo of Carole Kunkle-Miller And Associates, PhD, Psychologist
Carole Kunkle-Miller And Associates
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15241
Feel better...that is our goal. We provide holistic psychological care promoting the total health and wellness of our clients by offering strategic guidance and insight into everyday problems of life. Therapy is designed to be a place where clients may define and reach life goals in a positive atmosphere.
Feel better...that is our goal. We provide holistic psychological care promoting the total health and wellness of our clients by offering strategic guidance and insight into everyday problems of life. Therapy is designed to be a place where clients may define and reach life goals in a positive atmosphere.
(412) 228-0964 View (412) 228-0964
Photo of Paula Rossi, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Paula Rossi
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15206
I believe that therapy should feel like a conversation between two people, without a power imbalance or fears of being judged. I am a licensed professional counselor, but first and foremost, I’m a human being like you. If you choose to work together, I promise to be genuine, compassionate, and real. I specialize in treating adolescents through young adults, and I have extensive experience working with depression, anxiety, suicidality and self-injury, and Borderline Personality Disorder.
I believe that therapy should feel like a conversation between two people, without a power imbalance or fears of being judged. I am a licensed professional counselor, but first and foremost, I’m a human being like you. If you choose to work together, I promise to be genuine, compassionate, and real. I specialize in treating adolescents through young adults, and I have extensive experience working with depression, anxiety, suicidality and self-injury, and Borderline Personality Disorder.
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Calla Lily Counseling LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15217  (Online Only)
Congratulations on taking your first steps in your counseling journey. You should be proud of yourself for putting time and energy into your well-being. Therapy can be tough, which is where Calla Lily Counseling comes in. Our therapists recognize that no two people are alike, so they provide you with personalized tools and guidance you need in the moment. Our therapists highly value the relationship between therapist and client, and believe it is instrumental in facilitating healing. Our goal is to help you cultivate skills to use outside of counseling, and provide an environment that is safe and empowering in the process.
Congratulations on taking your first steps in your counseling journey. You should be proud of yourself for putting time and energy into your well-being. Therapy can be tough, which is where Calla Lily Counseling comes in. Our therapists recognize that no two people are alike, so they provide you with personalized tools and guidance you need in the moment. Our therapists highly value the relationship between therapist and client, and believe it is instrumental in facilitating healing. Our goal is to help you cultivate skills to use outside of counseling, and provide an environment that is safe and empowering in the process.
(412) 899-2694 View (412) 899-2694
Photo of Dr. Melissa K Johnson, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Melissa K Johnson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15215
Waitlist for new clients
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with 15 years of experience helping people develop insight, knowledge and self-compassion. I specialize in treating anxiety, trauma, substance use, relationship conflict and grief. I am a national consultant for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Substance Use Disorders, certified in Cognitive Processing Therapy for PTSD, Dual Recovery and skilled in therapies for those with abuse histories (e.g., STAIR, Seeking Safety).
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with 15 years of experience helping people develop insight, knowledge and self-compassion. I specialize in treating anxiety, trauma, substance use, relationship conflict and grief. I am a national consultant for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Substance Use Disorders, certified in Cognitive Processing Therapy for PTSD, Dual Recovery and skilled in therapies for those with abuse histories (e.g., STAIR, Seeking Safety).
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Photo of Elizabeth Berk, PhD, Psychologist
Elizabeth Berk
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15217  (Online Only)
I believe that psychotherapy can be helpful to create growth, improve relationships, improve coping skills and understand maladaptive patterns in one's life. Often people come to me because they've reached a crisis point or just feel stuck in a situation that they feel they cannot change. Therapy creates a safe place for one to recognize and explore issues and to develop new solutions and strategies. I've worked with a wide variety of issues and mental health diagnoses and have experience working with individuals from diverse backgrounds. I'm licensed in NY, LA and PA for virtual sessions.
I believe that psychotherapy can be helpful to create growth, improve relationships, improve coping skills and understand maladaptive patterns in one's life. Often people come to me because they've reached a crisis point or just feel stuck in a situation that they feel they cannot change. Therapy creates a safe place for one to recognize and explore issues and to develop new solutions and strategies. I've worked with a wide variety of issues and mental health diagnoses and have experience working with individuals from diverse backgrounds. I'm licensed in NY, LA and PA for virtual sessions.
(412) 213-6706 View (412) 213-6706
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
68% Coping Skills
66% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Highmark
78% Aetna
66% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA see their clients

58% In Person and Online
42% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
19% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Pittsburgh?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.