Therapists in Norristown, PA

Photo of Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Norristown, PA
Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
(484) 573-6630 x1 View (484) 573-6630 x1
Photo of Dr. Monir F Morgan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Norristown, PA
Dr. Monir F Morgan
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD , PhD , LPC, NCC, ACS
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401
I am a passionate, client-centered, and skilled Licensed Professional Counselor. I strive to meet my clients wherever they happen to be in the moment of seeking therapy and help them get to where they want to be through using evidence-based interventions, encouragement, support, and empowerment. It is my privilege to offer help and hope to my clients who are facing challenges in their life’s journey. I strongly believe that clients are the expert on their own lives and they have the answers to their own questions. My role is to work with my clients to find those answers, and help them become the best version of themselves.
I am a passionate, client-centered, and skilled Licensed Professional Counselor. I strive to meet my clients wherever they happen to be in the moment of seeking therapy and help them get to where they want to be through using evidence-based interventions, encouragement, support, and empowerment. It is my privilege to offer help and hope to my clients who are facing challenges in their life’s journey. I strongly believe that clients are the expert on their own lives and they have the answers to their own questions. My role is to work with my clients to find those answers, and help them become the best version of themselves.
(484) 218-2652 View (484) 218-2652
Photo of Yvonne Martinez Thorne, Psychologist in Norristown, PA
Yvonne Martinez Thorne
Psychologist, EdD, MDiv
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401
Not accepting new clients
Are you overwhelmed by life's challenges? Do you desire to live more authentically in wholeness and wellness? Do you wish to examine yourself through a broader lens that incorporates culture and/or faith? Come and experience a safe, caring, respectful, and sacred environment where you can more fully embrace who you are and who you are meant to be. Come to Cultivating Wholeness Counseling Associates, PC, where caring for the whole person matters. We provide counseling in Pennsylvania and Florida.
Are you overwhelmed by life's challenges? Do you desire to live more authentically in wholeness and wellness? Do you wish to examine yourself through a broader lens that incorporates culture and/or faith? Come and experience a safe, caring, respectful, and sacred environment where you can more fully embrace who you are and who you are meant to be. Come to Cultivating Wholeness Counseling Associates, PC, where caring for the whole person matters. We provide counseling in Pennsylvania and Florida.
(610) 981-2067 View (610) 981-2067
Photo of Carol Maile Schaefer, Psychologist in Norristown, PA
Carol Maile Schaefer
Psychologist, MS
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19403  (Online Only)
For 40 years I have been serving my community as a psychologist in private practice. My expertise is in helping individuals who are suffering with anxiety, depression and negative self image begin to see themselves differently and learn how they can take charge of their lives and experience the joy they were intended to feel.
For 40 years I have been serving my community as a psychologist in private practice. My expertise is in helping individuals who are suffering with anxiety, depression and negative self image begin to see themselves differently and learn how they can take charge of their lives and experience the joy they were intended to feel.
(484) 546-4571 x1 View (484) 546-4571 x1
Photo of Regina Marie Floria in Norristown, PA
Regina Marie Floria
MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norristown, PA 19403
Over the 18 years in the behavioral health field, I've attributed my growth and experience to all of the clients I've seen. One of the most difficult aspects of therapy is having to be vulnerable. In order to be vulnerable a client must feel seen, heard, respected and safe. I've worked in multiple settings such as school, corporate healthcare, home, clinic and private practice. I've worked with families, individually, with children, teen and adults with addiction, behavioral health needs and disabilities. Mostly utilizing a strengths based and family systems perspective/model.
Over the 18 years in the behavioral health field, I've attributed my growth and experience to all of the clients I've seen. One of the most difficult aspects of therapy is having to be vulnerable. In order to be vulnerable a client must feel seen, heard, respected and safe. I've worked in multiple settings such as school, corporate healthcare, home, clinic and private practice. I've worked with families, individually, with children, teen and adults with addiction, behavioral health needs and disabilities. Mostly utilizing a strengths based and family systems perspective/model.
(484) 603-6306 View (484) 603-6306
Photo of Danielle Hammitt, Licensed Professional Counselor in Norristown, PA
Danielle Hammitt
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19404  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I recognize the individuality of each person & the importance of tailoring skills to fit your unique needs. Utilizing a solution-focused approach, I delve into underlying causes to alleviate symptoms of trauma & maladaptive thought patterns while fostering healthy coping mechanisms. I obtained my education from California University of Pennsylvania, with a minor in music. Whether you're grappling with depression, anxiety, anger, hopelessness, PTSD, or adjusting to life's hurdles, I'm here to support you.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I recognize the individuality of each person & the importance of tailoring skills to fit your unique needs. Utilizing a solution-focused approach, I delve into underlying causes to alleviate symptoms of trauma & maladaptive thought patterns while fostering healthy coping mechanisms. I obtained my education from California University of Pennsylvania, with a minor in music. Whether you're grappling with depression, anxiety, anger, hopelessness, PTSD, or adjusting to life's hurdles, I'm here to support you.
(267) 682-7999 x1 View (267) 682-7999 x1
Photo of Mental Essentials, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Norristown, PA
Mental Essentials, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401  (Online Only)
Life is a wonderful gift filled with an array of experiences. Apart of the reality of being human is that we cycle through various seasons and emotional states throughout our lives. Feeling sadness is just as natural as feeling happiness, feeling excited is just as relevant as feeling afraid. Feeling our feelings is what we’re meant to do. Have you been feeling stuck from a life event, feeling overwhelmed with your everyday life and responsibilities, or feeling like you need to do some internal work and address somethings that you’ve been avoiding?
Life is a wonderful gift filled with an array of experiences. Apart of the reality of being human is that we cycle through various seasons and emotional states throughout our lives. Feeling sadness is just as natural as feeling happiness, feeling excited is just as relevant as feeling afraid. Feeling our feelings is what we’re meant to do. Have you been feeling stuck from a life event, feeling overwhelmed with your everyday life and responsibilities, or feeling like you need to do some internal work and address somethings that you’ve been avoiding?
(484) 779-6381 View (484) 779-6381
Photo of Rochelle Brown, Licensed Professional Counselor in Norristown, PA
Rochelle Brown
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CAADC, MA
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401
Rochelle Brown is a licensed professional counselor in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Rochelle is client-driven and offers low cost in person and telehealth therapy. Rochelle promotes a safe, non-judgmental, therapeutic environment. Rochelle is passionate about aiding individuals addressing difficult challenges. Rochelle fosters empathy, respect, and dignity to every individual. I understand that it can be difficult to reach out for help and the stigma of mental health. Therefore, I promote wellness and stability by providing quality care to ensure every individual has an opportunity to receive therapeutic services.
Rochelle Brown is a licensed professional counselor in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Rochelle is client-driven and offers low cost in person and telehealth therapy. Rochelle promotes a safe, non-judgmental, therapeutic environment. Rochelle is passionate about aiding individuals addressing difficult challenges. Rochelle fosters empathy, respect, and dignity to every individual. I understand that it can be difficult to reach out for help and the stigma of mental health. Therefore, I promote wellness and stability by providing quality care to ensure every individual has an opportunity to receive therapeutic services.
(484) 549-9714 View (484) 549-9714
Photo of Jean Waites-Howard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Norristown, PA
Jean Waites-Howard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSS, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norristown, PA 19401  (Online Only)
I am an experienced bereavement counselor/therapist. I am also a trained family therapist. It is important to me to join with patients in settings goals.
I am an experienced bereavement counselor/therapist. I am also a trained family therapist. It is important to me to join with patients in settings goals.
(267) 507-0871 View (267) 507-0871
Photo of Jack Krieger, Pre-Licensed Professional in Norristown, PA
Jack Krieger
Pre-Licensed Professional, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Norristown, PA 19403
Not accepting new clients
I work with children, teens, and young adults who are struggling with a wide variety of challenges in life, including anxiety, depression, grief/loss, trauma, and social/relationship needs, amongst others. I use an individualized and supportive process to work with you in reaching your goals in counseling. I believe that you are the expert in your own life and I am here as a safe, confidential, down to earth, and supportive person to process and explore all that life brings. Beginning therapy can be a big step, and I am here to support through the entire process.
I work with children, teens, and young adults who are struggling with a wide variety of challenges in life, including anxiety, depression, grief/loss, trauma, and social/relationship needs, amongst others. I use an individualized and supportive process to work with you in reaching your goals in counseling. I believe that you are the expert in your own life and I am here as a safe, confidential, down to earth, and supportive person to process and explore all that life brings. Beginning therapy can be a big step, and I am here to support through the entire process.
(484) 291-7987 View (484) 291-7987
Photo of Dr. John Bearoff, Psychologist | Hypnotherapist, Psychologist in Norristown, PA
Dr. John Bearoff, Psychologist | Hypnotherapist
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401
I've been a clinical psychologist for 34 years, giving clients the support and strategies they need to deal with anxiety, depression, negative self-esteem, stress management, organizational skills, motivation, trauma and tragedy, and grief and loss. I have had the best results by using COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT), and Mindfulness Meditation. I also use HYPNOSIS if and when appropriate. I also offer Live, Online VIDEO COUNSELING, which is more convenient for many clients, and very helpful to clients for whom distance and transportation are obstacles to getting the help they want and need.
I've been a clinical psychologist for 34 years, giving clients the support and strategies they need to deal with anxiety, depression, negative self-esteem, stress management, organizational skills, motivation, trauma and tragedy, and grief and loss. I have had the best results by using COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT), and Mindfulness Meditation. I also use HYPNOSIS if and when appropriate. I also offer Live, Online VIDEO COUNSELING, which is more convenient for many clients, and very helpful to clients for whom distance and transportation are obstacles to getting the help they want and need.
(610) 467-2116 View (610) 467-2116
Photo of Susanne E Flood, Marriage & Family Therapist in Norristown, PA
Susanne E Flood
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, AS
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401  (Online Only)
Struggling with a barrier to connection in a primary relationship? Susanné is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, ready to support you in developing a real connection with your family of origin, family of choice, romantic partner, friend, business partner, adoptive and biological children, and even yourself. We can discover the barriers and fruitless patterns which have been keeping you apart from those you love and develop new patterns of vulnerability and trust to establish deep bonds.
Struggling with a barrier to connection in a primary relationship? Susanné is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, ready to support you in developing a real connection with your family of origin, family of choice, romantic partner, friend, business partner, adoptive and biological children, and even yourself. We can discover the barriers and fruitless patterns which have been keeping you apart from those you love and develop new patterns of vulnerability and trust to establish deep bonds.
(215) 666-0390 View (215) 666-0390
Photo of Dr. Megan Ingraham, Psychologist in Norristown, PA
Dr. Megan Ingraham
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19403  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
As a psychologist at Pewter Therapy Services, I work with clients to navigate concerns like unpacking unhelpful/negative self-talk and its roots in family dynamics, identity messages, and larger societal narratives; strengthening emotional regulation, expression, and understanding in the mind and body; exploring and strengthening relationships with friends, family, and romantic partners; and LGBTQIA+ concerns. These approaches come together to navigate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and trauma. I am also under supervision for the treatment of disordered eating and body image concerns, in coordination with healthcare providers.
As a psychologist at Pewter Therapy Services, I work with clients to navigate concerns like unpacking unhelpful/negative self-talk and its roots in family dynamics, identity messages, and larger societal narratives; strengthening emotional regulation, expression, and understanding in the mind and body; exploring and strengthening relationships with friends, family, and romantic partners; and LGBTQIA+ concerns. These approaches come together to navigate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and trauma. I am also under supervision for the treatment of disordered eating and body image concerns, in coordination with healthcare providers.
(484) 372-3582 View (484) 372-3582
Photo of Audrey M. Morrow, Psychologist in Norristown, PA
Audrey M. Morrow
Psychologist, MS
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19403
I have over 30 years of clinical experience helping individuals and families to resolve negative thoughts, feelings, hurts and self-concepts and to move ahead in a healthier and clearer way. I am so appreciative of the trust that I have received over the years from my clients. My expertise lies in working with individuals burdened by anxiety, depression and stress.
I have over 30 years of clinical experience helping individuals and families to resolve negative thoughts, feelings, hurts and self-concepts and to move ahead in a healthier and clearer way. I am so appreciative of the trust that I have received over the years from my clients. My expertise lies in working with individuals burdened by anxiety, depression and stress.
(484) 258-3219 View (484) 258-3219
Photo of Michelle Hurtt, Licensed Professional Counselor in Norristown, PA
Michelle Hurtt
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401
Hi! I'm Michelle Hurtt, a seasoned Licensed Professional Counselor based in Pennsylvania with over 16 years of experience in the mental health domain.I hold the title of Certified Clinical Trauma Professional (CCTP), continually advancing my understanding of trauma. My passion lies in supporting women who have endured trauma, particularly survivors of sexual trauma, childhood sexual abuse, and domestic violence. Additionally, I specialize in addressing various behavioral health concerns such as anxiety, low self-esteem, low self-confidence, grief, and PTSD.
Hi! I'm Michelle Hurtt, a seasoned Licensed Professional Counselor based in Pennsylvania with over 16 years of experience in the mental health domain.I hold the title of Certified Clinical Trauma Professional (CCTP), continually advancing my understanding of trauma. My passion lies in supporting women who have endured trauma, particularly survivors of sexual trauma, childhood sexual abuse, and domestic violence. Additionally, I specialize in addressing various behavioral health concerns such as anxiety, low self-esteem, low self-confidence, grief, and PTSD.
(215) 267-5719 View (215) 267-5719
Photo of Emily Gatto, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Norristown, PA
Emily Gatto
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19403
The hardest part of connecting with a therapist is sifting through the many options and trying to decide based off of a short bio who may be the right fit for you. Therapy is not just about degree or years of experience (while both very important) but about ability to create a connection. I emphasize the importance of every person being the expert of themselves and their goals, I am here as a guide on that ride. With background in working with young children up to adults I am flexible regarding age, demographic, and background. The best way to find out if we would be a match, give a call and I am happy to provide phone consult.
The hardest part of connecting with a therapist is sifting through the many options and trying to decide based off of a short bio who may be the right fit for you. Therapy is not just about degree or years of experience (while both very important) but about ability to create a connection. I emphasize the importance of every person being the expert of themselves and their goals, I am here as a guide on that ride. With background in working with young children up to adults I am flexible regarding age, demographic, and background. The best way to find out if we would be a match, give a call and I am happy to provide phone consult.
(484) 255-8433 View (484) 255-8433
Photo of Ray J Salas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Norristown, PA
Ray J Salas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MHSCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norristown, PA 19401
For me one thing is certain, people matter. Throughout my professional career I have had the opportunity to see people who've wanted to improve their life do so, with help. Change occurs through a relationship and I'd like to invite you into a relationship that will offer insight and an opportunity to regain a true sense of self. Are you tired of life not making sense? Do you wonder why you engage in certain behaviors that hurt you or your loved ones? Let's explore together and get you the help you deserve.
For me one thing is certain, people matter. Throughout my professional career I have had the opportunity to see people who've wanted to improve their life do so, with help. Change occurs through a relationship and I'd like to invite you into a relationship that will offer insight and an opportunity to regain a true sense of self. Are you tired of life not making sense? Do you wonder why you engage in certain behaviors that hurt you or your loved ones? Let's explore together and get you the help you deserve.
(484) 551-5168 View (484) 551-5168
Photo of Swetha Talluri, Licensed Professional Counselor in Norristown, PA
Swetha Talluri
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401  (Online Only)
My goal is to promote mental well-being and reduce the stigma surrounding mental illness. I am committed to offering compassionate and evidence-based therapeutic assistance, focusing particularly on adolescents and adults. I take pride in supporting individuals through their distinct mental health paths, employing a trauma-informed approach to help them navigate life's challenges with strength and resilience.
My goal is to promote mental well-being and reduce the stigma surrounding mental illness. I am committed to offering compassionate and evidence-based therapeutic assistance, focusing particularly on adolescents and adults. I take pride in supporting individuals through their distinct mental health paths, employing a trauma-informed approach to help them navigate life's challenges with strength and resilience.
(267) 517-8917 View (267) 517-8917
Photo of Madelena Tran, Licensed Professional Counselor in Norristown, PA
Madelena Tran
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401  (Online Only)
Hello there! I'm Maddie Tran, a Licensed Professional Counselor. My passion lies in guiding individuals through their therapeutic journeys towards personal growth and holistic well-being. Central to my practice is the creation of a nurturing and nonjudgmental space for my clients. I firmly believe in cultivating an environment where individuals feel safe to delve into their thoughts, emotions, and obstacles. As a counselor, my ultimate objective is to provide unwavering support throughout the therapeutic process, empowering clients to realize their potential for personal growth.
Hello there! I'm Maddie Tran, a Licensed Professional Counselor. My passion lies in guiding individuals through their therapeutic journeys towards personal growth and holistic well-being. Central to my practice is the creation of a nurturing and nonjudgmental space for my clients. I firmly believe in cultivating an environment where individuals feel safe to delve into their thoughts, emotions, and obstacles. As a counselor, my ultimate objective is to provide unwavering support throughout the therapeutic process, empowering clients to realize their potential for personal growth.
(215) 929-8296 View (215) 929-8296
Photo of JoAnn K Piña Park, Licensed Professional Counselor in Norristown, PA
JoAnn K Piña Park
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Norristown, PA 19401
Experiencing deep pain and suffering can be a scary, lonely place to be. Regardless of the one's experiences and circumstances, I am here to clinically and professionally, yet warmly with compassion and genuineness, help through these times. I love what I do have been professionally helping people through tough times for over 25 years.
Experiencing deep pain and suffering can be a scary, lonely place to be. Regardless of the one's experiences and circumstances, I am here to clinically and professionally, yet warmly with compassion and genuineness, help through these times. I love what I do have been professionally helping people through tough times for over 25 years.
(267) 274-2301 View (267) 274-2301

See more therapy options for Norristown

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Norristown, PA

80+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Norristown, PA who prioritize treating:

98% Depression
95% Anxiety
74% Relationship Issues
73% Grief
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Self Esteem
54% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
70% Cigna and Evernorth
66% Highmark

How Therapists in Norristown, PA see their clients

77% In Person and Online
23% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
23% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Norristown?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.