Therapists in Greentree, PA

Photo of Natalie Wittman, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MS
Natalie Wittman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MS
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Modern Therapy for Anxiety, Self-Worth/Setting Boundaries & Narcissistic Abuse Recovery. I help you find the "I'm finally home” feeling. You don't need to abandon who you are, to receive the life that you want. I've worked in a number of settings that have given me the experience and the confidence to explore your life with you. I will push you to dig deep but that is where the answers are. I help clients who feel stuck in their own heads, no matter the issue. The clients who never feel 'good enough.' I wholeheartedly believe, that breaking free of layers of guilt and shame, can change your perspective and transform life.
Modern Therapy for Anxiety, Self-Worth/Setting Boundaries & Narcissistic Abuse Recovery. I help you find the "I'm finally home” feeling. You don't need to abandon who you are, to receive the life that you want. I've worked in a number of settings that have given me the experience and the confidence to explore your life with you. I will push you to dig deep but that is where the answers are. I help clients who feel stuck in their own heads, no matter the issue. The clients who never feel 'good enough.' I wholeheartedly believe, that breaking free of layers of guilt and shame, can change your perspective and transform life.
(412) 743-9385 View (412) 743-9385
Photo of Brittany DiLulio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Brittany DiLulio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I strive to create a safe, relaxed, and non-judgmental space for my clients to process and overcome a variety of concerns including anxiety, depression, grief and loss, life stressors/adjustments, trauma, ADHD, and other behavioral concerns. I believe that therapy cannot be successful without a positive therapeutic relationship.
I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I strive to create a safe, relaxed, and non-judgmental space for my clients to process and overcome a variety of concerns including anxiety, depression, grief and loss, life stressors/adjustments, trauma, ADHD, and other behavioral concerns. I believe that therapy cannot be successful without a positive therapeutic relationship.
(412) 547-5956 View (412) 547-5956
Photo of Andrea Bigenho - Lucent Counseling and Consulting, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CRC
Lucent Counseling and Consulting, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CRC
Serves Area
We know that life can be very difficult, and are honored to help you through big transitions, unexpected or chronic illness, loss of a loved one, abuse or neglect, past or present trauma, depression, anxiety, and grief. At Lucent Counseling, we find it a privilege to help you process and integrate these experiences so that you can heal and move through the difficult times in your life. Our Master's level therapists have expert tools and training, and draw from an eclectic variety of techniques. Our interventions are guided by the therapeutic relationship, and are individually curated to help you move toward your goals.
We know that life can be very difficult, and are honored to help you through big transitions, unexpected or chronic illness, loss of a loved one, abuse or neglect, past or present trauma, depression, anxiety, and grief. At Lucent Counseling, we find it a privilege to help you process and integrate these experiences so that you can heal and move through the difficult times in your life. Our Master's level therapists have expert tools and training, and draw from an eclectic variety of techniques. Our interventions are guided by the therapeutic relationship, and are individually curated to help you move toward your goals.
(878) 645-3643 View (878) 645-3643

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Rebecca Zipay, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Rebecca Zipay
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Pittsburgh, PA 15237
Have you been yearning to make positive changes in your life? Don’t know where to start? Struggling with depression, anxiety or relationship challenges? I am an experienced, creative and knowledgeable counselor dedicated to working with you to meet your goals.
Have you been yearning to make positive changes in your life? Don’t know where to start? Struggling with depression, anxiety or relationship challenges? I am an experienced, creative and knowledgeable counselor dedicated to working with you to meet your goals.
(878) 444-2963 View (878) 444-2963
Photo of Jenna Golden, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jenna Golden
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Do you struggle with depression, anxiety, grief, or just managing the daily grind? Are you finding it hard to manage your emotions, or do you just feel like you are lost? Maybe you feel exhausted at the end of a long day or are constantly feeling overwhelmed by life and it is hard to get started on the things you need to do. Maybe you are sick of living up to the standards of society or of someone else. Sometimes it seems just getting through the day is a triumph (and maybe it is).
Do you struggle with depression, anxiety, grief, or just managing the daily grind? Are you finding it hard to manage your emotions, or do you just feel like you are lost? Maybe you feel exhausted at the end of a long day or are constantly feeling overwhelmed by life and it is hard to get started on the things you need to do. Maybe you are sick of living up to the standards of society or of someone else. Sometimes it seems just getting through the day is a triumph (and maybe it is).
(585) 572-7301 View (585) 572-7301
Photo of Sandra Susanne Davis - Bridge to Well-Being Counseling- Sandra Davis, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Bridge to Well-Being Counseling- Sandra Davis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Pittsburgh, PA 15221
I am accepting new clients, both in person in our office in Wilkinsburg and virtually. Feeling anxious? Depressed? Desire to work through past hurts to find strength and hope? My ideal clients are school-age children, adolescents, and adults who yearn to make a positive change in their lives to be their best selves. Young people, come ready to engage in art, games, and play as we learn ways to grow! Teens and adults, let's build rapport, share goals, and get started!
I am accepting new clients, both in person in our office in Wilkinsburg and virtually. Feeling anxious? Depressed? Desire to work through past hurts to find strength and hope? My ideal clients are school-age children, adolescents, and adults who yearn to make a positive change in their lives to be their best selves. Young people, come ready to engage in art, games, and play as we learn ways to grow! Teens and adults, let's build rapport, share goals, and get started!
(412) 284-5512 View (412) 284-5512
Photo of Brady Swanson, Associate Professional Counselor, LAPC, MS
Brady Swanson
Associate Professional Counselor, LAPC, MS
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Have you ever wondered if therapy could help you explore your personal identity or better understand your relationships in life? As a queer and nonbinary individual living in Pittsburgh, I know firsthand how transformative counseling can be in embracing one’s diverse identity and understanding the hardships of life. I am passionate about working with people who are navigating their unique journeys and expression.
Have you ever wondered if therapy could help you explore your personal identity or better understand your relationships in life? As a queer and nonbinary individual living in Pittsburgh, I know firsthand how transformative counseling can be in embracing one’s diverse identity and understanding the hardships of life. I am passionate about working with people who are navigating their unique journeys and expression.
(412) 203-9581 x563 View (412) 203-9581 x563
Photo of Danielle Bitner, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Danielle Bitner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Greensburg, PA 15601
There are situations in life when you may feel it's too difficult to handle things on your own. Sometimes family and friends are unable to give you the guidance or insight that you may need to resolve or manage your problem. It's in these times that therapy can help. I have successfully treated a wide-range of issues including, but not limited to; grief, loss, trauma, mood and anxiety disorders. I have also successfully worked with couples who are dealing with infidelity and/or communication issues.
There are situations in life when you may feel it's too difficult to handle things on your own. Sometimes family and friends are unable to give you the guidance or insight that you may need to resolve or manage your problem. It's in these times that therapy can help. I have successfully treated a wide-range of issues including, but not limited to; grief, loss, trauma, mood and anxiety disorders. I have also successfully worked with couples who are dealing with infidelity and/or communication issues.
(412) 307-3589 View (412) 307-3589
Photo of Christopher McCann, Psychologist, PhD
Christopher McCann
Psychologist, PhD
Pittsburgh, PA 15221
In my practice I offer a space for you to say what cannot be said anywhere else. It is an unconditional welcome to speak what is most real for you; and to speak freely, fully, and without censorship. Dreams, fantasies, memories. Ruptures and traumas. Experiences of love and sexuality as lived in your body and relational bonds. Crises, complaints, and all of the repetitions that happen again and again. These formations (and more) we raise to the dignity of what is most unknown and alive within you. Read deeply into yourself and articulate the 'other scenes' between the lines of lived experience.
In my practice I offer a space for you to say what cannot be said anywhere else. It is an unconditional welcome to speak what is most real for you; and to speak freely, fully, and without censorship. Dreams, fantasies, memories. Ruptures and traumas. Experiences of love and sexuality as lived in your body and relational bonds. Crises, complaints, and all of the repetitions that happen again and again. These formations (and more) we raise to the dignity of what is most unknown and alive within you. Read deeply into yourself and articulate the 'other scenes' between the lines of lived experience.
(412) 744-3247 View (412) 744-3247
Photo of Daniel Rozovsky, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Daniel Rozovsky
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
I will work with you as long as you are willing to put work into the process of self-discovery. I believe healing comes when we put our attention to parts of the unconscious that we ignored for far too long and I am here to provide a firm support on YOUR path. I do not work with teens under 16. Due to the bureaucratic process of the state of Pennsylvania I have to specify that currently I am in process of obtaining state-specific license and practice as a "life coach" or "therapist", not a "mental health specialist" or "counselor". There are no ideological or religious barriers in my practice, I work with anyone ready to work.
I will work with you as long as you are willing to put work into the process of self-discovery. I believe healing comes when we put our attention to parts of the unconscious that we ignored for far too long and I am here to provide a firm support on YOUR path. I do not work with teens under 16. Due to the bureaucratic process of the state of Pennsylvania I have to specify that currently I am in process of obtaining state-specific license and practice as a "life coach" or "therapist", not a "mental health specialist" or "counselor". There are no ideological or religious barriers in my practice, I work with anyone ready to work.
(412) 444-5090 View (412) 444-5090
Photo of Vanessa Royse, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Vanessa Royse
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Pittsburgh, PA 15228
Not accepting new clients
I work with individuals who have a wide range of concerns from depression and anxiety to issues in relationships, grief, loneliness, chronic pain, and stress. Clients get results with me because my approach is practical, creative, and empowering, and I work hard to help clients gain new tools to overcome their challenges. Together we will find ways to better understand the road blocks that are preventing you from moving forward, and to develop healthier coping strategies and behaviors that will improve your life and well-being.
I work with individuals who have a wide range of concerns from depression and anxiety to issues in relationships, grief, loneliness, chronic pain, and stress. Clients get results with me because my approach is practical, creative, and empowering, and I work hard to help clients gain new tools to overcome their challenges. Together we will find ways to better understand the road blocks that are preventing you from moving forward, and to develop healthier coping strategies and behaviors that will improve your life and well-being.
(412) 388-4622 View (412) 388-4622
Photo of Kate Hancock Regis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Kate Hancock Regis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
1 Endorsed
Wexford, PA 15090
Hello! Thank you for exploring my profile. My name is Kate, and I am a Licensed Social Worker, practicing as an outpatient therapist. I received my Master of Social Work degree at the University of Pittsburgh. I have a wide array of experiences impacting the field of social work and mental health. My goal is simple – to help you reach your goals! Whether you are seeking a therapist for the first time or comfortable on the couch, I strive to create a safe and welcoming space to dig deep and help you reach your goals so that you can live authentically, heal, and discover how to be and feel your best.
Hello! Thank you for exploring my profile. My name is Kate, and I am a Licensed Social Worker, practicing as an outpatient therapist. I received my Master of Social Work degree at the University of Pittsburgh. I have a wide array of experiences impacting the field of social work and mental health. My goal is simple – to help you reach your goals! Whether you are seeking a therapist for the first time or comfortable on the couch, I strive to create a safe and welcoming space to dig deep and help you reach your goals so that you can live authentically, heal, and discover how to be and feel your best.
(724) 517-7974 View (724) 517-7974
Photo of Katie Winer, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LMHC
Katie Winer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
We all go through life struggles, which we are not able to handle on our own. Therapy is a very helpful tool to get the help and guidance that you, your family or typical support network may not be able to provide. My job as a psychotherapist is to work collaboratively with clients to help you heal and grow. My approach is gentle and direct, and while I have confidence in my knowledge about therapy, I treat every client as an individual and learn from every person who works with me. My clients would say they trust my intuition, pay close attention, tell them the truth and empower them with ongoing effective strategies for healing.
We all go through life struggles, which we are not able to handle on our own. Therapy is a very helpful tool to get the help and guidance that you, your family or typical support network may not be able to provide. My job as a psychotherapist is to work collaboratively with clients to help you heal and grow. My approach is gentle and direct, and while I have confidence in my knowledge about therapy, I treat every client as an individual and learn from every person who works with me. My clients would say they trust my intuition, pay close attention, tell them the truth and empower them with ongoing effective strategies for healing.
(512) 270-6608 View (512) 270-6608
Photo of Djuan D Short, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW , CCTP, C-IYAT
Djuan D Short
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW , CCTP, C-IYAT
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Your mind races, trapped in a cycle of overthinking. Saying 'no' feels impossible, burdened by guilt and obligation. Frustration builds, leaving you moody and irritable, longing for support. Masking true feelings becomes second nature, craving validation and acceptance. Doubt plagues every decision, fueling the belief that you'll never measure up. It's a constant battle, wondering if there's a way to break free from anxiety and self-doubt. But you can find the peace and clarity you deserve with support and guidance.
Your mind races, trapped in a cycle of overthinking. Saying 'no' feels impossible, burdened by guilt and obligation. Frustration builds, leaving you moody and irritable, longing for support. Masking true feelings becomes second nature, craving validation and acceptance. Doubt plagues every decision, fueling the belief that you'll never measure up. It's a constant battle, wondering if there's a way to break free from anxiety and self-doubt. But you can find the peace and clarity you deserve with support and guidance.
(215) 960-9807 View (215) 960-9807
Carolyn Marie Vorhes-Reed
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Online Only
My name is Carolyn Vorhes-Reed. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor who has been working in the field of mental health for over 20 years. I have worked primarily with children and adolescents in community mental health, both in an office setting and in local school districts, but I also work with adults. Over the course of my career, I have assisted those with a wide variety of struggles, including behavioral and school related issues, autism, anxiety, depression, and PTSD. I pride myself in learning who my patients truly are so that I can establish an authentic and meaningful therapeutic alliance with each of them.
My name is Carolyn Vorhes-Reed. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor who has been working in the field of mental health for over 20 years. I have worked primarily with children and adolescents in community mental health, both in an office setting and in local school districts, but I also work with adults. Over the course of my career, I have assisted those with a wide variety of struggles, including behavioral and school related issues, autism, anxiety, depression, and PTSD. I pride myself in learning who my patients truly are so that I can establish an authentic and meaningful therapeutic alliance with each of them.
(878) 205-2022 View (878) 205-2022
Photo of Vincent Reginella, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Vincent Reginella
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Pittsburgh, PA 15228
I provide mental health therapy, sports performance counseling, and vocational guidance. I work with individuals who have sustained neurological trauma, including concussion and traumatic brain injury (TBI). I work alongside athletes with improving their mental health and athletic performance. I also work with undergraduate and graduate students struggling with academic performance and pressure, as well as young professionals making the transition to the workforce after school. I also specialize in coping skill development, anxiety, stress management, mood disorders caused by endocrine dysfunction, and performance enhancement.
I provide mental health therapy, sports performance counseling, and vocational guidance. I work with individuals who have sustained neurological trauma, including concussion and traumatic brain injury (TBI). I work alongside athletes with improving their mental health and athletic performance. I also work with undergraduate and graduate students struggling with academic performance and pressure, as well as young professionals making the transition to the workforce after school. I also specialize in coping skill development, anxiety, stress management, mood disorders caused by endocrine dysfunction, and performance enhancement.
(412) 205-6031 View (412) 205-6031
Photo of Alanna Laipple, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LSW
Alanna Laipple
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LSW
Mount Lebanon, PA 15228
Hello, my name is Alanna Laipple and I have been working in the mental health field since 2013. My passion to help others as well as my curiosity of the mind began at a very young age, ultimately leading me to pursue a career as a therapist. My goal in therapy is to bring healing to my clients by developing helpful tools and strategies, implementing positive changes, and providing genuine, nonjudgmental support along the journey.
Hello, my name is Alanna Laipple and I have been working in the mental health field since 2013. My passion to help others as well as my curiosity of the mind began at a very young age, ultimately leading me to pursue a career as a therapist. My goal in therapy is to bring healing to my clients by developing helpful tools and strategies, implementing positive changes, and providing genuine, nonjudgmental support along the journey.
(412) 534-3288 View (412) 534-3288
Photo of Meagan Moore, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Meagan Moore
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Pittsburgh, PA 15234
Do you obsess over & replay conversations in your head, encounter decision-paralysis, or struggle with feeling “stuck” in life? If so, I get it - and you are not alone! If you are self-aware, motivated, & open-minded to exploring & making meaning of your current thinking patterns, we could be a great match! Whether this is your first experience with counseling, or you’re returning for a different perspective - welcome! I am here to facilitate conversation & guide you towards reestablishing a life of confidence!
Do you obsess over & replay conversations in your head, encounter decision-paralysis, or struggle with feeling “stuck” in life? If so, I get it - and you are not alone! If you are self-aware, motivated, & open-minded to exploring & making meaning of your current thinking patterns, we could be a great match! Whether this is your first experience with counseling, or you’re returning for a different perspective - welcome! I am here to facilitate conversation & guide you towards reestablishing a life of confidence!
(412) 501-4982 View (412) 501-4982
Photo of Alison Grabell - Alison Grabell | Makin Wellness Online Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Alison Grabell | Makin Wellness Online Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Online Only
If you’ve been feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or unsure how to move forward, you’re not alone — and you don’t have to navigate it by yourself. I work with adults who are struggling with depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders, and challenging life transitions. I provide support that’s personalized, non-judgmental, and focused on helping you feel better — not just temporarily, but for the long term.
If you’ve been feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or unsure how to move forward, you’re not alone — and you don’t have to navigate it by yourself. I work with adults who are struggling with depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders, and challenging life transitions. I provide support that’s personalized, non-judgmental, and focused on helping you feel better — not just temporarily, but for the long term.
(412) 923-0414 View (412) 923-0414
Photo of Liv McNulty, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Liv McNulty
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
As someone who is also neurodivergent, I help my clients learn how neurodiversity shows up for them in their spaces. I also support clients with their adoptee journey in whatever that means for them. I often work with clients who are trying to make sense and navigate their complex experiences as an adoptee. Sometimes, this looks like helping clients learn to be authentically themselves even when their childhood/environment require(d) them to assimilate. My work also extends to members of the LGBTQIA+ community in providing validating/ affirming care. I am interested in helping you find your voice even in the discomfort of others.
As someone who is also neurodivergent, I help my clients learn how neurodiversity shows up for them in their spaces. I also support clients with their adoptee journey in whatever that means for them. I often work with clients who are trying to make sense and navigate their complex experiences as an adoptee. Sometimes, this looks like helping clients learn to be authentically themselves even when their childhood/environment require(d) them to assimilate. My work also extends to members of the LGBTQIA+ community in providing validating/ affirming care. I am interested in helping you find your voice even in the discomfort of others.
(724) 308-9475 View (724) 308-9475

See more therapy options for Greentree

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Greentree, PA

< 10

Therapists in Greentree, PA who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% ADHD
100% Trauma and PTSD
100% Coping Skills
100% Stress
100% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% Cigna and Evernorth
100% Highmark

How Therapists in Greentree, PA see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Greentree?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.