Therapists in White City, OR

Photo of Joel Turgesen, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Joel Turgesen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Serves Area
I believe that as human beings we are constantly being challenged by life to stand up to our fears and learn how to be true to ourselves. Counseling is helpful, often times critical, during times of crisis when a person's inner strength has become overwhelmed, confused or blocked by the stormy issues of life. Resolving these issues is a very complex matter which involves great care and skill, skills such as: processing intense emotions, healing traumatic memories, correcting obsolete negative (fear-based) beliefs about oneself and communicating assertively.
I believe that as human beings we are constantly being challenged by life to stand up to our fears and learn how to be true to ourselves. Counseling is helpful, often times critical, during times of crisis when a person's inner strength has become overwhelmed, confused or blocked by the stormy issues of life. Resolving these issues is a very complex matter which involves great care and skill, skills such as: processing intense emotions, healing traumatic memories, correcting obsolete negative (fear-based) beliefs about oneself and communicating assertively.
(541) 233-0083 View (541) 233-0083
Photo of Heather Pleasant - Heather Pleasant Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Heather Pleasant Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and work with a delightful therapy dog, Piper. With so much happening in the world and our own "backyard" it can fee overwhelming. I offer Telehealth services if indicated and most insurance providers are making this easier during this time of high stress and uncertainty. Utilizing a collaborative, client centered approach, I am here to provide support, feedback, education, and a safe environment for you to make the change you wish to achieve.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and work with a delightful therapy dog, Piper. With so much happening in the world and our own "backyard" it can fee overwhelming. I offer Telehealth services if indicated and most insurance providers are making this easier during this time of high stress and uncertainty. Utilizing a collaborative, client centered approach, I am here to provide support, feedback, education, and a safe environment for you to make the change you wish to achieve.
(541) 214-2444 View (541) 214-2444
Photo of Aveline Ollinger, Professional Counselor Associate
Aveline Ollinger
Professional Counselor Associate
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Accepting clients (daytime, in person), Feb. 8th. You are capable and high-functioning on the outside, while inside feeling tense, exhausted, or unsure of yourself. Many of my clients grew up needing to be responsible, emotionally attuned, or “easy” to survive — and now find their nervous system stuck on high alert. I work with adults who want to understand why they react the way they do, make sense of relational pain, and feel more grounded in their own reality. Therapy isn’t about fixing; it’s about helping your system finally feel safe enough to soften. My approach is trauma-informed, relational, and paced to your nervous system.
Accepting clients (daytime, in person), Feb. 8th. You are capable and high-functioning on the outside, while inside feeling tense, exhausted, or unsure of yourself. Many of my clients grew up needing to be responsible, emotionally attuned, or “easy” to survive — and now find their nervous system stuck on high alert. I work with adults who want to understand why they react the way they do, make sense of relational pain, and feel more grounded in their own reality. Therapy isn’t about fixing; it’s about helping your system finally feel safe enough to soften. My approach is trauma-informed, relational, and paced to your nervous system.
(541) 897-6852 View (541) 897-6852
Photo of Alana Servis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Alana Servis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Hi! My name is Alana Servis. I am licensed by the state of Oregon as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). My main approach with therapy is normally a combination of compassion therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. I focus on helping clients become more compassionate of themselves, help them towards acceptance, and being more present in their daily lives.
Hi! My name is Alana Servis. I am licensed by the state of Oregon as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). My main approach with therapy is normally a combination of compassion therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. I focus on helping clients become more compassionate of themselves, help them towards acceptance, and being more present in their daily lives.
(971) 366-2843 View (971) 366-2843
Photo of Richard Dean Tanksley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Richard Dean Tanksley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I do offer free services to those who can't afford or can't qualify for insurance. I am passionate about working with families, individuals, and couples to help generate the change they desire. As an individual and family counselor, I believe that we hold and can find the answers to our problems. We create solutions and understandings that work for us in our environments. Therefore, I endeavor to create a friendly, informative, and supportive relationship where challenges can be explored and addressed in the best ways possible. It is important to me to counsel others with acceptance, honesty, and compassion.
I do offer free services to those who can't afford or can't qualify for insurance. I am passionate about working with families, individuals, and couples to help generate the change they desire. As an individual and family counselor, I believe that we hold and can find the answers to our problems. We create solutions and understandings that work for us in our environments. Therefore, I endeavor to create a friendly, informative, and supportive relationship where challenges can be explored and addressed in the best ways possible. It is important to me to counsel others with acceptance, honesty, and compassion.
(541) 275-9086 View (541) 275-9086
Photo of Dennise L Trager, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Dennise L Trager
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Serves Area
In effective psychotherapy, it is essential to me that each person experiences being heard and understood, sees realistic hope for change, and is supported and skillfully guided toward that change. Transformation may involve insight, clarity, emotional release, practical problem solving, improving communication skills, dissolving blocks and healing trauma. Healing through counseling helps lead to successful relationships and to finding direction in one's life and career. Each person is unique and is met where they are and in ways they need. During my 50 years as a psychotherapist, I have assisted people into
In effective psychotherapy, it is essential to me that each person experiences being heard and understood, sees realistic hope for change, and is supported and skillfully guided toward that change. Transformation may involve insight, clarity, emotional release, practical problem solving, improving communication skills, dissolving blocks and healing trauma. Healing through counseling helps lead to successful relationships and to finding direction in one's life and career. Each person is unique and is met where they are and in ways they need. During my 50 years as a psychotherapist, I have assisted people into
(541) 736-6100 View (541) 736-6100

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Kent Heyward, Marriage & Family Therapist, ACSW, MSW, LMFT, SAP
Kent Heyward
Marriage & Family Therapist, ACSW, MSW, LMFT, SAP
Medford, OR 97501
Not accepting new clients
I am a licensed Marriage & Family Therapist, Social Worker and a Oregon Department of Transportation Substance Abuse Professional (SAP). My 25+ years of clinical experience have been focused on serving patients dealing with parenting issues, anxiety, depression, substance abuse, dual diagnoses, grief and loss, marital conflict, adjustment issues, and career/life transitions. My private practice utilizes a brief solution-focused modality, providing therapy to individuals, couples, families, and children. I am also founder and senior counselor with the Upper Rogue Wellness Center in Southern Oregon.
I am a licensed Marriage & Family Therapist, Social Worker and a Oregon Department of Transportation Substance Abuse Professional (SAP). My 25+ years of clinical experience have been focused on serving patients dealing with parenting issues, anxiety, depression, substance abuse, dual diagnoses, grief and loss, marital conflict, adjustment issues, and career/life transitions. My private practice utilizes a brief solution-focused modality, providing therapy to individuals, couples, families, and children. I am also founder and senior counselor with the Upper Rogue Wellness Center in Southern Oregon.
(541) 279-2183 View (541) 279-2183
Photo of Graham Collins, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Graham Collins
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Ashland, OR 97520
I strongly believe that all humans can reach an optimum state of health. An essential part of achieving this often involves addressing limiting habitual patterns of behavior or belief systems as well as learning skills to optimize healthy relationships. I seek to provide a safe and non-judgmental environment in which clients can identify their own answers and achieve tangible results. This can occur both in individual sessions as well as with the collaboration of family members. My practice has lead me to work with youth, young adults, adults, and families facing some very challenging life situations and internal struggles.
I strongly believe that all humans can reach an optimum state of health. An essential part of achieving this often involves addressing limiting habitual patterns of behavior or belief systems as well as learning skills to optimize healthy relationships. I seek to provide a safe and non-judgmental environment in which clients can identify their own answers and achieve tangible results. This can occur both in individual sessions as well as with the collaboration of family members. My practice has lead me to work with youth, young adults, adults, and families facing some very challenging life situations and internal struggles.
(541) 951-3095 View (541) 951-3095
Photo of Suzy Day - DayLight Awakenings, CCHt, LC
DayLight Awakenings
Verified Verified
Medford, OR 97504
Struggle is unnecessary; there is nothing you need to become. You already possess the resources necessary to live a joy-filled, passionate and purposeful life. It's simply a matter of releasing the limiting thoughts and beliefs which keep you stuck in patterns that don't work. This paves the way for you to recognize and reconnect with your inner wisdom and utilize the full strength of your natural potential. Begin your journey of alignment with the wisdom within; awaken to your highest abilities and passions in the environment of acceptance and compassion of DayLight Awakenings.
Struggle is unnecessary; there is nothing you need to become. You already possess the resources necessary to live a joy-filled, passionate and purposeful life. It's simply a matter of releasing the limiting thoughts and beliefs which keep you stuck in patterns that don't work. This paves the way for you to recognize and reconnect with your inner wisdom and utilize the full strength of your natural potential. Begin your journey of alignment with the wisdom within; awaken to your highest abilities and passions in the environment of acceptance and compassion of DayLight Awakenings.
(541) 230-9108 View (541) 230-9108
Photo of Kandi Obrist - Inspired Wellness LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Inspired Wellness LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Medford, OR 97501
I fully believe that clients do well if they can! This being said, sometimes life becomes too difficult to manage and maneuver on our own and we need a little support and guidance. The therapeutic process is based on a clients strength, their drive, what coping skills they have, and what they know already works for them. The therapeutic process takes time, it is hard, but given enough support and strength, the process is worth it. My focus is on helping clients, families, and couples create an environment that is positive and healthy all around.
I fully believe that clients do well if they can! This being said, sometimes life becomes too difficult to manage and maneuver on our own and we need a little support and guidance. The therapeutic process is based on a clients strength, their drive, what coping skills they have, and what they know already works for them. The therapeutic process takes time, it is hard, but given enough support and strength, the process is worth it. My focus is on helping clients, families, and couples create an environment that is positive and healthy all around.
(541) 238-9413 View (541) 238-9413
Photo of Jennifer Malenda, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jennifer Malenda
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I specialize in working with clients struggling with anxiety and depression, offering evidence-based strategies to develop healthier thought patterns, regulate emotions, and improve overall functioning. Additionally, I am committed to supporting individuals in diverse relationship structures, including polyamorous, monogamous, and kink-affirming communities. I approach these topics with an open mind, respect, and a non-judgmental attitude, ensuring a safe space for exploring relationship dynamics, intimacy, and personal growth.
I specialize in working with clients struggling with anxiety and depression, offering evidence-based strategies to develop healthier thought patterns, regulate emotions, and improve overall functioning. Additionally, I am committed to supporting individuals in diverse relationship structures, including polyamorous, monogamous, and kink-affirming communities. I approach these topics with an open mind, respect, and a non-judgmental attitude, ensuring a safe space for exploring relationship dynamics, intimacy, and personal growth.
(541) 827-3549 View (541) 827-3549
Photo of Ami I. Student, Psychologist, PsyD
Ami I. Student
Psychologist, PsyD
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Although I consider myself a lifelong learner, my name can often throw people. While my last name is "Student," I am actually a licensed, seasoned clinician with extensive training and experience in the field of psychology. I help adults confront a wide range of challenges, such as depression, anxiety, and traumatic stress. I also have expertise in assisting individuals struggling with their physical health, including chronic pain, medical illness, and sleep/insomnia.
Although I consider myself a lifelong learner, my name can often throw people. While my last name is "Student," I am actually a licensed, seasoned clinician with extensive training and experience in the field of psychology. I help adults confront a wide range of challenges, such as depression, anxiety, and traumatic stress. I also have expertise in assisting individuals struggling with their physical health, including chronic pain, medical illness, and sleep/insomnia.
(503) 506-6302 View (503) 506-6302
Photo of Stacy Hubbard, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Stacy Hubbard
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
5 Endorsed
Online Only
Do you need help healing past hurts and resentments, and want tools to deal with conflict more effectively? Or do you need help healing from past trauma? I work with both individuals and couples and I am certified in EMDR trauma therapy, and the Gottman method of couples therapy. My ideal clients like to laugh, and are open to feedback about how they can change their current patterns to become the amazing person they know they can be! I also work with individuals who want to be in a healthy relationship.
Do you need help healing past hurts and resentments, and want tools to deal with conflict more effectively? Or do you need help healing from past trauma? I work with both individuals and couples and I am certified in EMDR trauma therapy, and the Gottman method of couples therapy. My ideal clients like to laugh, and are open to feedback about how they can change their current patterns to become the amazing person they know they can be! I also work with individuals who want to be in a healthy relationship.
(503) 994-2947 View (503) 994-2947
Photo of Mary Hoisington, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Mary Hoisington
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Online Only
People often come in when life looks fine from the outside but feels heavier than it should on the inside. Reactions feel closer to the surface. Conversations linger. Pressure builds. Our work focuses on those moments. How you deal with people, expectations, and stress. What happens before you snap, shut down, or replay things long after they’re over.
People often come in when life looks fine from the outside but feels heavier than it should on the inside. Reactions feel closer to the surface. Conversations linger. Pressure builds. Our work focuses on those moments. How you deal with people, expectations, and stress. What happens before you snap, shut down, or replay things long after they’re over.
(541) 866-6948 View (541) 866-6948
Photo of Daniel Paul Sternberg, Psychologist, PhD
Daniel Paul Sternberg
Psychologist, PhD
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
I work with a variety of emotional and psychological issues that include anxiety, depression, phobias, trauma, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, stress disorders, pain, physical problems related to stress and other issues, problems with relationships, and performance enhancement. I have taught thousands of people how to relax, reduce their stress, and release the emotions that prevent them from realizing and putting into action their true potential. My focus now is upon helping people quickly dissolve and/or release negative emotions and self-limiting beliefs that get in the way of living with a sense of fun and joy.
I work with a variety of emotional and psychological issues that include anxiety, depression, phobias, trauma, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, stress disorders, pain, physical problems related to stress and other issues, problems with relationships, and performance enhancement. I have taught thousands of people how to relax, reduce their stress, and release the emotions that prevent them from realizing and putting into action their true potential. My focus now is upon helping people quickly dissolve and/or release negative emotions and self-limiting beliefs that get in the way of living with a sense of fun and joy.
(541) 378-6759 View (541) 378-6759
Photo of Tristin Marie Capelle, Counselor, MS, LCPC
Tristin Marie Capelle
Counselor, MS, LCPC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Welcome! I’m so glad you’ve taken this step toward healing. My name is Tristin, and I’m a dual-licensed therapist practicing in Illinois and Oregon. I specialize in helping young adults who struggle with overwhelming emotions, negative thoughts, or feeling stuck. If you’re dealing with low mood, suicidal thoughts, self-harm, or indecisiveness, I’m here to help you move forward.
Welcome! I’m so glad you’ve taken this step toward healing. My name is Tristin, and I’m a dual-licensed therapist practicing in Illinois and Oregon. I specialize in helping young adults who struggle with overwhelming emotions, negative thoughts, or feeling stuck. If you’re dealing with low mood, suicidal thoughts, self-harm, or indecisiveness, I’m here to help you move forward.
(815) 597-5995 View (815) 597-5995
Photo of Heidi Dirkse-Graw, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Heidi Dirkse-Graw
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
3 Endorsed
Medford, OR 97504
Are you struggling under the weight of life's troubles, feeling anxious, sad or full of regret? Maybe you are impacted by trauma from the past or your relationships are suffering. Perhaps you feel like nothing helps. You might even question where God is in your situation. Maybe you don't even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But one thing is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You need a safe, non-judgmental place to find hope and healing; one where God is part of the process, with a skilled counselor who shares your Christian faith.
Are you struggling under the weight of life's troubles, feeling anxious, sad or full of regret? Maybe you are impacted by trauma from the past or your relationships are suffering. Perhaps you feel like nothing helps. You might even question where God is in your situation. Maybe you don't even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But one thing is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You need a safe, non-judgmental place to find hope and healing; one where God is part of the process, with a skilled counselor who shares your Christian faith.
(541) 500-1022 View (541) 500-1022
Photo of Jodie Menish, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Jodie Menish
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Online Only
With over 35 years of experience, I’m deeply passionate about helping couples and individuals across Oregon—including Portland, Bend, Ashland, Salem, and nearby areas—find meaningful connection, clarity, and healing through compassionate telehealth and online therapy. I specialize in couples therapy, couples counseling, Brainspotting, trauma therapy, anxiety therapy, ADHD support, relationship coaching, and personalized individual counseling. Whether facing relationship struggles, stress, or emotional blocks, together we’ll rebuild trust, improve communication, and create lasting positive change. Your healing journey starts here!
With over 35 years of experience, I’m deeply passionate about helping couples and individuals across Oregon—including Portland, Bend, Ashland, Salem, and nearby areas—find meaningful connection, clarity, and healing through compassionate telehealth and online therapy. I specialize in couples therapy, couples counseling, Brainspotting, trauma therapy, anxiety therapy, ADHD support, relationship coaching, and personalized individual counseling. Whether facing relationship struggles, stress, or emotional blocks, together we’ll rebuild trust, improve communication, and create lasting positive change. Your healing journey starts here!
(503) 461-2149 View (503) 461-2149
Photo of Kel Lash, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LMHC, CLC
Kel Lash
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LMHC, CLC
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I offer virtual therapy, spiritual coaching and hypnosis in OR & VA (virtual) & Floyd, VA (in person). I specialize in spiritual guidance, coaching, self-forgiveness, & inner child healing for people with anxiety, trauma & relationship challenges. I help clients love and forgive themselves using the miraculous power to heal from within. I use intuition, somatic therapy, mindfulness, radical acceptance and humor. Clients describe me as calm, compassionate and out of the box. Reach out today for your free 20min phone consultation!
I offer virtual therapy, spiritual coaching and hypnosis in OR & VA (virtual) & Floyd, VA (in person). I specialize in spiritual guidance, coaching, self-forgiveness, & inner child healing for people with anxiety, trauma & relationship challenges. I help clients love and forgive themselves using the miraculous power to heal from within. I use intuition, somatic therapy, mindfulness, radical acceptance and humor. Clients describe me as calm, compassionate and out of the box. Reach out today for your free 20min phone consultation!
(971) 351-3184 View (971) 351-3184
Photo of Dr. T. Dawson Woodrum, Psychologist, PhD
Dr. T. Dawson Woodrum
Psychologist, PhD
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Imagine feeling steady in your skin—caring for yourself without guilt, naming your emotions clearly, and showing up in relationships as your true self. You might choose to break free from the cycle of numbness and overwhelm, replace old survival patterns with genuine self-compassion, and explore safe, trusting connections. Through therapy, you’ll notice—and strengthen—your own capacity to heal, grow, and form meaningful bonds. You start to choose how to respond to life’s activators instead of reverting to well-worn trauma pathways like fight, flight, freeze, appease, “it’s fine,” collapse, and "flop".
Imagine feeling steady in your skin—caring for yourself without guilt, naming your emotions clearly, and showing up in relationships as your true self. You might choose to break free from the cycle of numbness and overwhelm, replace old survival patterns with genuine self-compassion, and explore safe, trusting connections. Through therapy, you’ll notice—and strengthen—your own capacity to heal, grow, and form meaningful bonds. You start to choose how to respond to life’s activators instead of reverting to well-worn trauma pathways like fight, flight, freeze, appease, “it’s fine,” collapse, and "flop".
(541) 920-1595 View (541) 920-1595

See more therapy options for White City

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in White City, OR

< 10

Therapists in White City, OR who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
83% Relationship Issues
67% Depression
67% Trauma and PTSD
67% Divorce
67% Self Esteem
67% Codependency

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% BlueCross and BlueShield
67% Regence
50% Blue Cross

How Therapists in White City, OR see their clients

83% In Person and Online
17% Online Only

Gender breakdown

67% Female
33% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in White City?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.