Therapists in Old Town, Portland, OR

Photo of Alesya Nazarova, Psychologist, PsyD
Alesya Nazarova
Psychologist, PsyD
Old Town, Portland, OR 97209
Therapy involves becoming aware of the emotional and relational patterns that shape how we think, feel, and relate to others. Often, what feels painful in the present has a history and becomes known through repetition in familiar emotional and relational dynamics. The work involves making these patterns visible so they can be reflected on and understood, while also attending to how they unfold in real time emotionally, relationally, and in the body. As these processes come into awareness, they can begin to shift and loosen their hold.
Therapy involves becoming aware of the emotional and relational patterns that shape how we think, feel, and relate to others. Often, what feels painful in the present has a history and becomes known through repetition in familiar emotional and relational dynamics. The work involves making these patterns visible so they can be reflected on and understood, while also attending to how they unfold in real time emotionally, relationally, and in the body. As these processes come into awareness, they can begin to shift and loosen their hold.
(971) 571-5962 View (971) 571-5962
Photo of Erik Maye, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Erik Maye
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
14 Endorsed
Old Town, Portland, OR 97209
Are you going through a difficult time having more bad days than good ones? Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious or depressed? Is your relationship struggling? I can help you better understand these situations and help you find solutions for them. I can help you identify and process your thoughts and feelings in a way that leads to answers. My approach entails a therapeutic alliance that is warm, empathic, supportive and interactive. At the core of my work is a belief in each individual's innate capacity to grow and adapt which contributes to lasting improvements and transformations in one's overall quality of life.
Are you going through a difficult time having more bad days than good ones? Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious or depressed? Is your relationship struggling? I can help you better understand these situations and help you find solutions for them. I can help you identify and process your thoughts and feelings in a way that leads to answers. My approach entails a therapeutic alliance that is warm, empathic, supportive and interactive. At the core of my work is a belief in each individual's innate capacity to grow and adapt which contributes to lasting improvements and transformations in one's overall quality of life.
(512) 309-7087 View (512) 309-7087
Photo of Donald D Cohen - Donald D. Cohen, Ph.D., Psychologist, MSW, PhD
Donald D. Cohen, Ph.D.
Psychologist, MSW, PhD
Serves Area
I am interested in helping people with primary attachment issues. I work with couples dealing directly with their attachment problems with each other. I work with individuals who are looking internally to figure out their obstacles to developing intimate partnerships. In both my individual and couples work I usually explore the family of origin as one source of understanding and improving love relationships. My style is collaborative and exploratory while I maintain a hopefully transparent point of view. I look at psychotherapy as an unusual conversation where both people are focused on one to help that person grow and change.
I am interested in helping people with primary attachment issues. I work with couples dealing directly with their attachment problems with each other. I work with individuals who are looking internally to figure out their obstacles to developing intimate partnerships. In both my individual and couples work I usually explore the family of origin as one source of understanding and improving love relationships. My style is collaborative and exploratory while I maintain a hopefully transparent point of view. I look at psychotherapy as an unusual conversation where both people are focused on one to help that person grow and change.
(503) 336-9737 View (503) 336-9737
Photo of Karin Fahlman Chesnutt, Pre-Licensed Professional
Karin Fahlman Chesnutt
Pre-Licensed Professional
Serves Area
I work with children, teens, adults, couples and families experiencing depression/anxiety, grief, neurodivergent challenges, and lifespan transitions. In life, we all encounter broken places — moments of disruption, pain, or transition that can leave us feeling unsteady or overwhelmed. Each challenge requires its own path toward healing. I believe that while we may navigate some of these experiences on our own, we often find deeper growth and clarity when we reach beyond ourselves for support.
I work with children, teens, adults, couples and families experiencing depression/anxiety, grief, neurodivergent challenges, and lifespan transitions. In life, we all encounter broken places — moments of disruption, pain, or transition that can leave us feeling unsteady or overwhelmed. Each challenge requires its own path toward healing. I believe that while we may navigate some of these experiences on our own, we often find deeper growth and clarity when we reach beyond ourselves for support.
(971) 431-8374 View (971) 431-8374
Photo of Mo Esperilla - Northpoint Recovery - Idaho, Licensed Master Social Worker
Northpoint Recovery - Idaho
Licensed Master Social Worker
Serves Area
Northpoint Recovery provides a safe, therapeutic space for those struggling with addiction to begin healing. Our Joint Commission-accredited facility offers 24/7 medically supervised detox and residential treatment that addresses both substance use and co-occurring mental health conditions. We offer holistic, evidence-based care with expert staff, a low patient-to-staff ratio, a variety of therapies, and fresh meals. Our outpatient programs and strong alumni community support your long-term recovery.
Northpoint Recovery provides a safe, therapeutic space for those struggling with addiction to begin healing. Our Joint Commission-accredited facility offers 24/7 medically supervised detox and residential treatment that addresses both substance use and co-occurring mental health conditions. We offer holistic, evidence-based care with expert staff, a low patient-to-staff ratio, a variety of therapies, and fresh meals. Our outpatient programs and strong alumni community support your long-term recovery.
(208) 768-3591 View (208) 768-3591
Photo of Titus Washington, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Titus Washington
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I believe therapy is a collaborative process where you are the expert on your own life, and my role is to support and guide you with care, curiosity, and respect. I work alongside clients to explore how past experiences and current challenges may be shaping patterns, behaviors, and emotional responses today. Together, we identify what’s no longer serving you and clarify meaningful goals that align with the life you want to build.
I believe therapy is a collaborative process where you are the expert on your own life, and my role is to support and guide you with care, curiosity, and respect. I work alongside clients to explore how past experiences and current challenges may be shaping patterns, behaviors, and emotional responses today. Together, we identify what’s no longer serving you and clarify meaningful goals that align with the life you want to build.
(318) 592-3182 View (318) 592-3182
Photo of Mary Joy, MA, Dipl PW, QMHP, CHT
Mary Joy
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Sometimes, we want to make changes but struggle with unknown parts of ourselves that seem to stop us. Habits, life long patterns and unconscious beliefs can hold us back from living the life that we long for. It takes time and courage to examine our belief system and reach out for what we really want. As a therapist, I follow the process of each individual. Clients are viewed on a spectrum of health, rather than through a lens of pathology. This approach creates a very curious and creative focus that encourages growth at the client’s own pace.
Sometimes, we want to make changes but struggle with unknown parts of ourselves that seem to stop us. Habits, life long patterns and unconscious beliefs can hold us back from living the life that we long for. It takes time and courage to examine our belief system and reach out for what we really want. As a therapist, I follow the process of each individual. Clients are viewed on a spectrum of health, rather than through a lens of pathology. This approach creates a very curious and creative focus that encourages growth at the client’s own pace.
(503) 966-9610 View (503) 966-9610
Photo of Peter Crabtree, Psychologist, PsyD
Peter Crabtree
Psychologist, PsyD
Serves Area
Hello there. I have been in practice providing psychotherapy to adults and adolescents since 1994. Some clients see me briefly for focused concerns such as life transitions or work/school issues. Others who seek my help have been struggling with longer term depression/anxiety, effects of past trauma, or problematic relationship patterns, for many years. In either case I work from a psychoanalytic framework, using the power of the here and now therapy relationship to explore how peoples' unconscious thoughts color their experience of themselves and others. Over time this work often leads to deep, lasting life changes.
Hello there. I have been in practice providing psychotherapy to adults and adolescents since 1994. Some clients see me briefly for focused concerns such as life transitions or work/school issues. Others who seek my help have been struggling with longer term depression/anxiety, effects of past trauma, or problematic relationship patterns, for many years. In either case I work from a psychoanalytic framework, using the power of the here and now therapy relationship to explore how peoples' unconscious thoughts color their experience of themselves and others. Over time this work often leads to deep, lasting life changes.
(503) 308-8930 View (503) 308-8930
Photo of Bryce Doehne, Psychologist, PsyD, ABPP
Bryce Doehne
Psychologist, PsyD, ABPP
Serves Area
I specialize in helping people who may appear to others as high-functioning, high-achievers, who have it “all together," but on the inside they experience suffering. The people I work with often attempt to suppress their emotions and needs in order to achieve success in their career, college, relationships, and other life goals. They are usually achievement-oriented, detail-focused, driven, ambitious, and place high standards on themselves and others. Although their qualities may help with pushing through struggles to achieve success, limiting emotional expression can result in long-term negative effects.
I specialize in helping people who may appear to others as high-functioning, high-achievers, who have it “all together," but on the inside they experience suffering. The people I work with often attempt to suppress their emotions and needs in order to achieve success in their career, college, relationships, and other life goals. They are usually achievement-oriented, detail-focused, driven, ambitious, and place high standards on themselves and others. Although their qualities may help with pushing through struggles to achieve success, limiting emotional expression can result in long-term negative effects.
(971) 232-3475 View (971) 232-3475
Photo of Jackie Moore, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jackie Moore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
Relationships can be a source of deep connection or stress, especially when challenges around intimacy, communication, anxiety, or past trauma arise. You may feel overwhelmed, stuck in negative cycles, or disconnected from your partner and even yourself. I work with couples and individuals navigating relationship difficulties, anxiety, and trauma, helping you build healthier communication, stronger emotional connections, and a renewed sense of intimacy. Together, we’ll explore these struggles and develop tools to create more fulfilling, balanced relationships.
Relationships can be a source of deep connection or stress, especially when challenges around intimacy, communication, anxiety, or past trauma arise. You may feel overwhelmed, stuck in negative cycles, or disconnected from your partner and even yourself. I work with couples and individuals navigating relationship difficulties, anxiety, and trauma, helping you build healthier communication, stronger emotional connections, and a renewed sense of intimacy. Together, we’ll explore these struggles and develop tools to create more fulfilling, balanced relationships.
(971) 458-4108 View (971) 458-4108
Photo of Dr. Amanda K. Buduris, Psychologist, PhD
Dr. Amanda K. Buduris
Psychologist, PhD
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Do you struggle with feeling like you’re never "good enough," dealing with past traumatic experiences, or facing relationship problems that are affecting your life? Is your day-to-day filled with disconnection, loneliness, & exhaustion from constantly wearing a mask to hide how much you’re struggling inside? You’ve tried self-help books and maybe even been to therapy before, but it hasn’t led to the growth or change you desperately want in your life & relationships. You wonder if things can really be different—if you could finally feel secure, connected, and confident in who you are. I believe it doesn’t have to be this hard!
Do you struggle with feeling like you’re never "good enough," dealing with past traumatic experiences, or facing relationship problems that are affecting your life? Is your day-to-day filled with disconnection, loneliness, & exhaustion from constantly wearing a mask to hide how much you’re struggling inside? You’ve tried self-help books and maybe even been to therapy before, but it hasn’t led to the growth or change you desperately want in your life & relationships. You wonder if things can really be different—if you could finally feel secure, connected, and confident in who you are. I believe it doesn’t have to be this hard!
(206) 207-9090 View (206) 207-9090
Photo of Audrey McReynolds, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Audrey McReynolds
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
6 Endorsed
Serves Area
Accepting New Clients for daytime spots! Life is stressful often in ways we do not expect. Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or disconnected is common and can negatively impact our well-being and relationships. Sometimes we get stuck in unhealthy cycles of interaction or ways of coping. Other times, life transitions or changes seem daunting. Or maybe you are just longing to feel connected and be known. Whatever you are going through, know you're not alone and there is hope! People may get hurt through relationships, but they also can heal through them. We are meant for connection, change, and growth.
Accepting New Clients for daytime spots! Life is stressful often in ways we do not expect. Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or disconnected is common and can negatively impact our well-being and relationships. Sometimes we get stuck in unhealthy cycles of interaction or ways of coping. Other times, life transitions or changes seem daunting. Or maybe you are just longing to feel connected and be known. Whatever you are going through, know you're not alone and there is hope! People may get hurt through relationships, but they also can heal through them. We are meant for connection, change, and growth.
(503) 386-0672 View (503) 386-0672
Photo of Edna Abney - Mindful Life Services, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mindful Life Services
Marriage & Family Therapist
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
At Mindful Life Services, we understand that life can feel overwhelming especially when relationships are strained, family dynamics are shifting, or emotional stress is showing up in your body. Maybe you’ve been trying to hold it all together, but something inside is telling you it’s time for change. We help couples reconnect, families find steadiness, and individuals move through anxiety, identity stress, and emotional burnout. Using a holistic approach that blends talk therapy, mindfulness, and body-based care, we meet you where you are. You're not alone on this journey.
At Mindful Life Services, we understand that life can feel overwhelming especially when relationships are strained, family dynamics are shifting, or emotional stress is showing up in your body. Maybe you’ve been trying to hold it all together, but something inside is telling you it’s time for change. We help couples reconnect, families find steadiness, and individuals move through anxiety, identity stress, and emotional burnout. Using a holistic approach that blends talk therapy, mindfulness, and body-based care, we meet you where you are. You're not alone on this journey.
(404) 998-5221 View (404) 998-5221
Photo of Grace Elizabeth Byrd, Counselor, LMHCA
Grace Elizabeth Byrd
Counselor, LMHCA
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
I bring logical and artistic strengths to the field of counseling while honoring the personal growth path that resonates with each individual. As a professional musician for over twenty years, I understand the value of actively listening to others, and know there are many paths to creating beauty and meaning. I seek to build an environment that empowers individuals to find therapies that resonate with their own strengths, comforts, and emotional needs. I strive to interact with each client compassionately, openly, and honestly regardless of their sexuality, gender, culture, or spiritual lens.
I bring logical and artistic strengths to the field of counseling while honoring the personal growth path that resonates with each individual. As a professional musician for over twenty years, I understand the value of actively listening to others, and know there are many paths to creating beauty and meaning. I seek to build an environment that empowers individuals to find therapies that resonate with their own strengths, comforts, and emotional needs. I strive to interact with each client compassionately, openly, and honestly regardless of their sexuality, gender, culture, or spiritual lens.
(360) 803-4363 View (360) 803-4363
Photo of Anya Hall, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC
Anya Hall
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC
Serves Area
I specialize in grief. That means I sit with people in the most tender, messy, and human parts of life. Grief isn’t just about death; it can be about endings, transitions, identity shifts, and even the loss of who we thought we’d be. In the thick of grief, joy can feel impossible, but I believe laughter, sarcasm, and celebration can live right alongside tears and sorrow. My therapy room is often full of it all - the noise and the quiet, the heartbreak and the humor.
I specialize in grief. That means I sit with people in the most tender, messy, and human parts of life. Grief isn’t just about death; it can be about endings, transitions, identity shifts, and even the loss of who we thought we’d be. In the thick of grief, joy can feel impossible, but I believe laughter, sarcasm, and celebration can live right alongside tears and sorrow. My therapy room is often full of it all - the noise and the quiet, the heartbreak and the humor.
(503) 782-9937 View (503) 782-9937
Photo of Marissa Chabai, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, BSN, LPC, RN, NCC
Marissa Chabai
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, BSN, LPC, RN, NCC
Serves Area
Clients often tell me I'm "different than most other therapists they've met!" (And honestly, I love that.) You're not looking for just any therapist; you're carrying a weight you shouldn't have to carry alone—perhaps the echo of trauma, a chronic illness that reshapes your world, or the toll of a demanding healthcare career. My superpower? I deeply understand the nuanced journey of a trauma survivor—because I've walked that path, too. That, combined with my nursing background, lets us connect your mind and body in a way that just makes sense. This isn't just therapy; it's a journey into rediscovering your innate power.
Clients often tell me I'm "different than most other therapists they've met!" (And honestly, I love that.) You're not looking for just any therapist; you're carrying a weight you shouldn't have to carry alone—perhaps the echo of trauma, a chronic illness that reshapes your world, or the toll of a demanding healthcare career. My superpower? I deeply understand the nuanced journey of a trauma survivor—because I've walked that path, too. That, combined with my nursing background, lets us connect your mind and body in a way that just makes sense. This isn't just therapy; it's a journey into rediscovering your innate power.
(571) 570-9845 View (571) 570-9845
Photo of Brian Scott Killian, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Brian Scott Killian
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I value being real and supportive at the same time. I love what I do as a therapist and believe in being safe, trusting and accepting, no matter what may come! My office is (ever so slightly) cluttered and often gets the term "homey & comfortable" Dogs are welcome as well, due to their positive therapeutic benefit for their people. I value humor and use it as the situation arises, as in a give-and-take dynamic relationship. Life-long gamer & D&D geek, btw. :) I am currently limiting my acceptance of insurances, please include that information in your correspondence with me. My dogs are in the office on random days, roll the dice
I value being real and supportive at the same time. I love what I do as a therapist and believe in being safe, trusting and accepting, no matter what may come! My office is (ever so slightly) cluttered and often gets the term "homey & comfortable" Dogs are welcome as well, due to their positive therapeutic benefit for their people. I value humor and use it as the situation arises, as in a give-and-take dynamic relationship. Life-long gamer & D&D geek, btw. :) I am currently limiting my acceptance of insurances, please include that information in your correspondence with me. My dogs are in the office on random days, roll the dice
(310) 929-6291 View (310) 929-6291
Photo of Joey Ellen Kramer O'Connell, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MFT
Joey Ellen Kramer O'Connell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MFT
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
All families experience transitions, and even positive change can cause stress. I employ an eclectic approach with a strong emphasis on attachment, structural, and solution-focused family therapies. I work with young children and their caregivers to form secure attachments early on. This leads to more effective communication and problem solving patterns and a higher level of resilience down the road. My work tends to be short term and builds on the existing strengths of your family. My work with couples is attachment informed as we look at past and current relationships to elucidate our most fulfilling ways of connecting.
All families experience transitions, and even positive change can cause stress. I employ an eclectic approach with a strong emphasis on attachment, structural, and solution-focused family therapies. I work with young children and their caregivers to form secure attachments early on. This leads to more effective communication and problem solving patterns and a higher level of resilience down the road. My work tends to be short term and builds on the existing strengths of your family. My work with couples is attachment informed as we look at past and current relationships to elucidate our most fulfilling ways of connecting.
(503) 766-5894 View (503) 766-5894
Photo of Megan Wyckoff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Megan Wyckoff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
I work with individuals and relationships. Working with people to help them through relationship shifts towards deeper growth and happiness is, well, my happy place. I work with different relationship configurations (poly, D/s, etc...) to better manage conflict, make big transitions like opening up or uncoupling, deepen intimacy or navigate sexuality issues. I work with individuals to process trauma, manage depression/anxiety, and other aspects of being human. I have extensive experience working with those in the sex industry. I am a white, queer with a working class background. I am commited to an anti-racist practice.
I work with individuals and relationships. Working with people to help them through relationship shifts towards deeper growth and happiness is, well, my happy place. I work with different relationship configurations (poly, D/s, etc...) to better manage conflict, make big transitions like opening up or uncoupling, deepen intimacy or navigate sexuality issues. I work with individuals to process trauma, manage depression/anxiety, and other aspects of being human. I have extensive experience working with those in the sex industry. I am a white, queer with a working class background. I am commited to an anti-racist practice.
(971) 606-3653 View (971) 606-3653
Photo of McKinlee Ferguson, Professional Counselor Associate, MS
McKinlee Ferguson
Professional Counselor Associate, MS
Serves Area
Everyone is at a different stage of healing from this world, and it looks different for each person. My initial goal is to establish safety within the therapy space and explore how an individual might establish safety with themselves and in their body. I utilize several strengths based and trauma informed approaches, as no two people are the same!
Everyone is at a different stage of healing from this world, and it looks different for each person. My initial goal is to establish safety within the therapy space and explore how an individual might establish safety with themselves and in their body. I utilize several strengths based and trauma informed approaches, as no two people are the same!
(503) 336-9750 View (503) 336-9750

See more therapy options for Old Town, Portland

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Old Town, Portland, OR

100+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Old Town, Portland, OR who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
91% Social Anxiety
91% Health Anxiety
91% Driving Anxiety
87% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
78% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Aetna
59% BlueCross and BlueShield
51% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Old Town, Portland, OR see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
22% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Old Town?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.