Therapists in Laurel Hill Valley, Eugene, OR

Photo of Joy Lum, Psychologist, PhD, PC
Joy Lum
Psychologist, PhD, PC
Laurel Hill Valley, Eugene, OR 97403
Sometimes we can be dealt a lot of blows or disappointments in life and it's tough slogging though it alone. I welcome working with those who are facing transitions or relationship difficulties, have depression and/or anxiety, among other life issues. Sometimes family issues and past wounds can become a focus of treatment. Receiving therapeutic support during these critical moments can make a positive and lasting difference.
Sometimes we can be dealt a lot of blows or disappointments in life and it's tough slogging though it alone. I welcome working with those who are facing transitions or relationship difficulties, have depression and/or anxiety, among other life issues. Sometimes family issues and past wounds can become a focus of treatment. Receiving therapeutic support during these critical moments can make a positive and lasting difference.
(541) 516-1362 View (541) 516-1362
Photo of Dan Gilner, Professional Counselor Associate, MA, MSS
Dan Gilner
Professional Counselor Associate, MA, MSS
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Therapy can be a compassionate space for insight, personal development, and healing. Each one of us has our own unique history and growth process. My goal is to support your overall mental, emotional, and relational health. I work with anxiety, trauma, self-criticism, and giref. Within these experiences I specialize in: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD); illness anxiety disorder; trauma including dissociation, depersonalization, derealization, and panic; grief and loss; intrusive internal self-criticism; and helping partners identify and repair unhealthy relationship patterns and coping mechanisms related to these experiences.
Therapy can be a compassionate space for insight, personal development, and healing. Each one of us has our own unique history and growth process. My goal is to support your overall mental, emotional, and relational health. I work with anxiety, trauma, self-criticism, and giref. Within these experiences I specialize in: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD); illness anxiety disorder; trauma including dissociation, depersonalization, derealization, and panic; grief and loss; intrusive internal self-criticism; and helping partners identify and repair unhealthy relationship patterns and coping mechanisms related to these experiences.
(503) 966-0532 View (503) 966-0532
Photo of Lea Bishop, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Lea Bishop
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
I have been practicing therapy for over 15 years helping people work through problems ranging from anxiety and depression to problems with relationships and work life balance. I try to provide each client with an environment where they feel safe and supported, to explore the parts of themselves that they are struggling with the most, hopefully to walk away with some tools and a path forward.
I have been practicing therapy for over 15 years helping people work through problems ranging from anxiety and depression to problems with relationships and work life balance. I try to provide each client with an environment where they feel safe and supported, to explore the parts of themselves that they are struggling with the most, hopefully to walk away with some tools and a path forward.
(619) 324-8339 View (619) 324-8339
Photo of Kaitlin Rubitschun, Counselor, MA, LMHC, LPC
Kaitlin Rubitschun
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LPC
Online Only
Currently Accepting New Clients! As a Mental Health Counselor, I have specific experience working with eating disorders. I've worked with clients in both higher levels of care and outpatient settings. Often people know that they want change but they are unsure how to make that change a reality, and that's where our work comes in. In addition, our sessions will focus on the whole person, which includes potentially discussing areas involving: anxiety, depression, mood, family dynamics, self-defeating behaviors, and other challenges that might be making it difficult for you to reach your goals.
Currently Accepting New Clients! As a Mental Health Counselor, I have specific experience working with eating disorders. I've worked with clients in both higher levels of care and outpatient settings. Often people know that they want change but they are unsure how to make that change a reality, and that's where our work comes in. In addition, our sessions will focus on the whole person, which includes potentially discussing areas involving: anxiety, depression, mood, family dynamics, self-defeating behaviors, and other challenges that might be making it difficult for you to reach your goals.
(503) 852-9248 View (503) 852-9248
Photo of Jennifer O'Sullivan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jennifer O'Sullivan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I specialize in working with women who desire to improve their relationships, cope with anxiety or depression, heal from past trauma, and cultivate healthy life practices. I take a holistic approach, recognizing that past experiences, physical health, and social connectedness contribute greatly to our psychological wellbeing. If you are feeling overwhelmed and discouraged, it can make a world of difference to have a space to share your struggles and to feel heard and understood. My role as a therapist is to partner with you to identify your goals and equip you with the skills and insights needed to make meaningful, lasting change.
I specialize in working with women who desire to improve their relationships, cope with anxiety or depression, heal from past trauma, and cultivate healthy life practices. I take a holistic approach, recognizing that past experiences, physical health, and social connectedness contribute greatly to our psychological wellbeing. If you are feeling overwhelmed and discouraged, it can make a world of difference to have a space to share your struggles and to feel heard and understood. My role as a therapist is to partner with you to identify your goals and equip you with the skills and insights needed to make meaningful, lasting change.
(458) 219-7852 View (458) 219-7852
Photo of Tiffany Machia, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Tiffany Machia
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
As a licensed mental health therapist, I am passionate about helping individuals navigate life’s challenges with clarity and confidence. I specialize in working with adults who are facing anxiety, depression, transitions, parenting concerns, and relationship issues. My approach is both structured and directive, empowering clients to make meaningful changes through practical strategies and focused action. Whether you're navigating a major life transition, managing overwhelming emotions, or seeking balance as a parent, I provide a supportive, solution-oriented environment where you can develop the tools needed to thrive.
As a licensed mental health therapist, I am passionate about helping individuals navigate life’s challenges with clarity and confidence. I specialize in working with adults who are facing anxiety, depression, transitions, parenting concerns, and relationship issues. My approach is both structured and directive, empowering clients to make meaningful changes through practical strategies and focused action. Whether you're navigating a major life transition, managing overwhelming emotions, or seeking balance as a parent, I provide a supportive, solution-oriented environment where you can develop the tools needed to thrive.
(503) 465-4935 View (503) 465-4935
Photo of Jeffrey Scott Librett - Jeffrey S Librett, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Jeffrey S Librett, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Serves Area
I work with a wide range of people who are experiencing difficulties with various aspects of their lives, including emotional struggles (extreme moods, sadness and grief, discouragement, anxiety), relationship problems (with partners, relatives, friends, society at large), difficulties letting go of negative past experiences or patterns, and difficulties identifying or realizing desires for the future. By providing an open space in which they can speak freely, and by encouraging and sustaining their search for their own truth and desires, I work with them to facilitate the discovery of solutions and amelioration of suffering.
I work with a wide range of people who are experiencing difficulties with various aspects of their lives, including emotional struggles (extreme moods, sadness and grief, discouragement, anxiety), relationship problems (with partners, relatives, friends, society at large), difficulties letting go of negative past experiences or patterns, and difficulties identifying or realizing desires for the future. By providing an open space in which they can speak freely, and by encouraging and sustaining their search for their own truth and desires, I work with them to facilitate the discovery of solutions and amelioration of suffering.
(458) 202-2042 View (458) 202-2042
Photo of Lois I Michaud - Lois Michaud, PhD, Psychologist, PhD
Lois Michaud, PhD
Psychologist, PhD
Online Only
You may be struggling with anxiety, depression, loss or other issues and feel alone and unsupported. Let me bring my 25 years of experience in providing psychotherapy to your aid and we can work together to help you find the happiness you deserve. I am familiar with the range of mental health diagnoses, as well as assessment and testing. I have brought life-changing services to a diverse set of clients, ranging in ethnic backgrounds and across clinical and medical settings I have a reputation for putting clients at ease and allowing for their growth in a supportive atmosphere. Let me do the same for you.
You may be struggling with anxiety, depression, loss or other issues and feel alone and unsupported. Let me bring my 25 years of experience in providing psychotherapy to your aid and we can work together to help you find the happiness you deserve. I am familiar with the range of mental health diagnoses, as well as assessment and testing. I have brought life-changing services to a diverse set of clients, ranging in ethnic backgrounds and across clinical and medical settings I have a reputation for putting clients at ease and allowing for their growth in a supportive atmosphere. Let me do the same for you.
(458) 219-8417 View (458) 219-8417
Photo of Christina Martínez-Clay, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Christina Martínez-Clay
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
!Limited after school hours currently. Is your child feeling overwhelmed, distressed, or anxious? Are they struggling in school, with their peers, or losing their spark? In today's fast-paced, screen-focused, and achievement-oriented society, many children struggle to be seen for who they truly are, impacting their self-confidence, mood, and relationships. They may start to focus solely on their perceived shortcomings or differences, rather than learning to celebrate their unique qualities. This can lead to a loss of confidence and negative self-judgments.
!Limited after school hours currently. Is your child feeling overwhelmed, distressed, or anxious? Are they struggling in school, with their peers, or losing their spark? In today's fast-paced, screen-focused, and achievement-oriented society, many children struggle to be seen for who they truly are, impacting their self-confidence, mood, and relationships. They may start to focus solely on their perceived shortcomings or differences, rather than learning to celebrate their unique qualities. This can lead to a loss of confidence and negative self-judgments.
(458) 218-8846 View (458) 218-8846
Photo of Caren A Golian - Caren A Golian LPC, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Caren A Golian LPC, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor
Serves Area
(*practice currently full) All people want to be at peace in a complex and confusing world. Life throws pain our way and we struggle to understand why we are experiencing it and how to adapt. We all grapple at some point with failures, break-ups, confusing relationships, conflicts, insecurities, fears, losses and an entire host of questions life presses us to answer. We can be confused about something that happened or where we’re headed. There is no text book to make these answers easy. The Earth School is the hardest classroom we will ever sit in and we’re bound to stumble into some situations feeling overwhelmed and unprepared.
(*practice currently full) All people want to be at peace in a complex and confusing world. Life throws pain our way and we struggle to understand why we are experiencing it and how to adapt. We all grapple at some point with failures, break-ups, confusing relationships, conflicts, insecurities, fears, losses and an entire host of questions life presses us to answer. We can be confused about something that happened or where we’re headed. There is no text book to make these answers easy. The Earth School is the hardest classroom we will ever sit in and we’re bound to stumble into some situations feeling overwhelmed and unprepared.
(541) 636-0359 View (541) 636-0359
Photo of Kendall Thornton, Psychologist, PsyD
Kendall Thornton
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
A client in my practice should be prepared to engage in self-reflection, self-compassion, and demonstrate an openness to interpersonal feedback. While I hope to provide support and foster growth for a wide range of presenting concerns, the willingness for insight and change is universal in therapy. I also strive for a warm therapeutic relationship, using humor, humility, and emotion to connect with all of my clients.
A client in my practice should be prepared to engage in self-reflection, self-compassion, and demonstrate an openness to interpersonal feedback. While I hope to provide support and foster growth for a wide range of presenting concerns, the willingness for insight and change is universal in therapy. I also strive for a warm therapeutic relationship, using humor, humility, and emotion to connect with all of my clients.
(541) 359-2528 View (541) 359-2528
Photo of Aaron Porter - Summit Wellness Counseling, LLC(Aaron Porter, LPC), Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMFT, QMHP, MS
Summit Wellness Counseling, LLC(Aaron Porter, LPC)
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMFT, QMHP, MS
5 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Currently the waitlist is closed. Please check back in 30-90 days. Are you longing for relief from stress, anxiety, and emotions following hardships? I help anxious and overwhelmed people feel relief, contentment, and make lasting changes in their lives and relationships. People I work with have often done their best to manage difficult cycles of emotions that they feel inside, and experience in their relationships. Despite their best efforts, they can’t help but notice that stress follows them into many areas of their lives. I help my clients access inner and outer resources they need to heal, grow, and accomplish their goals.
Currently the waitlist is closed. Please check back in 30-90 days. Are you longing for relief from stress, anxiety, and emotions following hardships? I help anxious and overwhelmed people feel relief, contentment, and make lasting changes in their lives and relationships. People I work with have often done their best to manage difficult cycles of emotions that they feel inside, and experience in their relationships. Despite their best efforts, they can’t help but notice that stress follows them into many areas of their lives. I help my clients access inner and outer resources they need to heal, grow, and accomplish their goals.
(541) 203-6698 View (541) 203-6698
Photo of Cindy L Nesiba - Cindy Nesiba Counseling and Supervision, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMHC
Cindy Nesiba Counseling and Supervision
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMHC
Serves Area
Currently accepting new clients with over 25 years of experience, I specialize in working with children and families, as well as trauma work, depression and anxiety, chronic illness and chronic pain. However you define your family, we often need ways to better connect and support each other with tools that can be learned inside and out of a therapy, but are only as good as they are useful.
Currently accepting new clients with over 25 years of experience, I specialize in working with children and families, as well as trauma work, depression and anxiety, chronic illness and chronic pain. However you define your family, we often need ways to better connect and support each other with tools that can be learned inside and out of a therapy, but are only as good as they are useful.
(541) 981-5628 View (541) 981-5628

Online Therapists

Photo of Ashley Vandeberghe, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Ashley Vandeberghe
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
Therapy is not just about treating symptoms; it's a journey of reclaiming who you are beneath the survival strategies, expectations, and inherited stories. I specialize in working with people who feel disconnected from their authentic selves – people who are aching and ready to live with more alignment, clarity, and inner freedom. My role is to serve as a guide: someone who walks beside you as you navigate the terrain of healing, insight, and transformation. My approach is deeply person-centered: I believe you are the expert of your own experience.
Therapy is not just about treating symptoms; it's a journey of reclaiming who you are beneath the survival strategies, expectations, and inherited stories. I specialize in working with people who feel disconnected from their authentic selves – people who are aching and ready to live with more alignment, clarity, and inner freedom. My role is to serve as a guide: someone who walks beside you as you navigate the terrain of healing, insight, and transformation. My approach is deeply person-centered: I believe you are the expert of your own experience.
(458) 204-0209 View (458) 204-0209
Photo of William Schmahl, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
William Schmahl
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
2 Endorsed
Laurel Hill Valley, Eugene, OR 97402
I believe that every individual possesses an innate resilience that, with the right support, can lead to transformative healing. My goal is to create a safe, empathetic space where my client feels understood and valued.
I believe that every individual possesses an innate resilience that, with the right support, can lead to transformative healing. My goal is to create a safe, empathetic space where my client feels understood and valued.
(719) 752-8120 View (719) 752-8120
Photo of Julia Smith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Julia Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I’m Julia Smith, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker offering teletherapy throughout the state of Oregon. I provide individual psychotherapy virtually to adults of all ages, and I specialize in the treatment of anxiety and depression, as well as management of ADHD. My practice actively embraces neurodivergence and affirms trans and LGBTQ identities. I utilize a variety of evidence-based therapies, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and psychodynamic psychotherapy.
I’m Julia Smith, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker offering teletherapy throughout the state of Oregon. I provide individual psychotherapy virtually to adults of all ages, and I specialize in the treatment of anxiety and depression, as well as management of ADHD. My practice actively embraces neurodivergence and affirms trans and LGBTQ identities. I utilize a variety of evidence-based therapies, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and psychodynamic psychotherapy.
(503) 461-6095 View (503) 461-6095
Photo of Michaela James, Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC
Michaela James
Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC
Laurel Hill Valley, Eugene, OR 97401
Michaela holds a BA in Media Studies from UC Berkeley, and a Master of Arts degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Bushnell University. She is also National Board of Certified Counselor's 2021 Minority Fellowship Scholar preforming research on social media use and adolescent suicidality. She has completed several postgraduate certifications and trainings in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Suicide Assessment and Intervention, multiculturalism, and LGBTQIA+ issues.
Michaela holds a BA in Media Studies from UC Berkeley, and a Master of Arts degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Bushnell University. She is also National Board of Certified Counselor's 2021 Minority Fellowship Scholar preforming research on social media use and adolescent suicidality. She has completed several postgraduate certifications and trainings in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Suicide Assessment and Intervention, multiculturalism, and LGBTQIA+ issues.
(541) 871-3694 View (541) 871-3694
Photo of Sunny Mae Saul, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, QMHP
Sunny Mae Saul
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, QMHP
Online Only
Hi there! I am Sunny Mae and I am an EMDR certified therapist. I am best reached via email, but phone calls are also welcome. I know that anxiousness can be a part of starting therapy, and reaching out for support can be the greatest hurdle to getting connected. I offer a space that is welcoming, inclusive, affirming, and dedicated to seeing you as human, not as flawed. My wheelhouse incorporates neurodivergence, trauma, depression, and anxiety. I am a trans ally and I value all walks of life. I look forward to assisting in your journey! I am accepting OHP PacificSource Community Solutions and Providence as insurance options.
Hi there! I am Sunny Mae and I am an EMDR certified therapist. I am best reached via email, but phone calls are also welcome. I know that anxiousness can be a part of starting therapy, and reaching out for support can be the greatest hurdle to getting connected. I offer a space that is welcoming, inclusive, affirming, and dedicated to seeing you as human, not as flawed. My wheelhouse incorporates neurodivergence, trauma, depression, and anxiety. I am a trans ally and I value all walks of life. I look forward to assisting in your journey! I am accepting OHP PacificSource Community Solutions and Providence as insurance options.
(541) 835-8627 View (541) 835-8627
Photo of Jamie N Lloyd, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Jamie N Lloyd
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Laurel Hill Valley, Eugene, OR 97401
Waitlist for new clients
My focus is to help individuals heal, energize, and become aware of their inner strengths. My goal is to provide a judgment-free, safe space to listen to your concerns, where we can work together to create a plan for treatment that is just for you.
My focus is to help individuals heal, energize, and become aware of their inner strengths. My goal is to provide a judgment-free, safe space to listen to your concerns, where we can work together to create a plan for treatment that is just for you.
(541) 229-5740 View (541) 229-5740
Photo of Erin Cochran-Davis, Professional Counselor Associate, EdD, Profess
Erin Cochran-Davis
Professional Counselor Associate, EdD, Profess
Laurel Hill Valley, Eugene, OR 97401
Erin Cochran-Davis is a dedicated therapist at LifeStance Health, offering compassionate mental health support to individuals across Oregon. She believes that everyone has the capacity for growth and change, helping clients navigate life’s challenges with resilience and confidence. Erin works with adolescents, young adults, and adults, providing individualized therapy tailored to their unique needs. Specializing in anxiety, depression, and PTSD/trauma, Erin utilizes evidence-based approaches to support clients in overcoming emotional distress.
Erin Cochran-Davis is a dedicated therapist at LifeStance Health, offering compassionate mental health support to individuals across Oregon. She believes that everyone has the capacity for growth and change, helping clients navigate life’s challenges with resilience and confidence. Erin works with adolescents, young adults, and adults, providing individualized therapy tailored to their unique needs. Specializing in anxiety, depression, and PTSD/trauma, Erin utilizes evidence-based approaches to support clients in overcoming emotional distress.
(541) 576-8779 View (541) 576-8779

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Laurel Hill Valley, Eugene, OR

10+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Laurel Hill Valley, Eugene, OR who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
92% Self Esteem
85% Depression
85% Trauma and PTSD
77% Relationship Issues
77% Family Conflict
77% Codependency

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Aetna
60% PacificSource
50% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Laurel Hill Valley, Eugene, OR see their clients

54% Online Only
46% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

69% Female
23% Male
8% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Laurel Hill Valley, Eugene?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.