Therapists in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR

Photo of Mary Zenorini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Mary Zenorini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Mount Hood Parkdale, OR 97041  (Online Only)
I am currently accepting new clients. Mary Zenorini is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. She received her MSW as well as her Certificate in Gerontology from Portland State University. Mary enjoys working with patients of all ages and has spent extensive time working with seniors. She has experience in Hospice, caregiving support, depression, grief, anxiety, and the impact of life transitions. Mary believes in a team-oriented approach that empowers her clients to achieve their goals. In Mary’s free time, she loves to cook, walk, garden and read.
I am currently accepting new clients. Mary Zenorini is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. She received her MSW as well as her Certificate in Gerontology from Portland State University. Mary enjoys working with patients of all ages and has spent extensive time working with seniors. She has experience in Hospice, caregiving support, depression, grief, anxiety, and the impact of life transitions. Mary believes in a team-oriented approach that empowers her clients to achieve their goals. In Mary’s free time, she loves to cook, walk, garden and read.
(458) 236-5263 View (458) 236-5263
Photo of Inner Flow Counseling LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Inner Flow Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Mount Hood Parkdale, OR 97041  (Online Only)
Adversity is a part of life. When adversity creates an emotional charge, the body responds. If left unprocessed, adversities can get stuck in the mind and body, wreaking havoc on the nervous system and imposing mental, physical, and performance blocks, inhibiting overall wellbeing. Have you ever felt, "...no matter how much I try, I keep repeating old patterns?" I work from the understanding that the body remembers and is trying to protect. This leads to automatic protective stress responses. Deeper healing involves processing and releasing stressors within the whole self, learning to trust oneself, and calming the nervous system.
Adversity is a part of life. When adversity creates an emotional charge, the body responds. If left unprocessed, adversities can get stuck in the mind and body, wreaking havoc on the nervous system and imposing mental, physical, and performance blocks, inhibiting overall wellbeing. Have you ever felt, "...no matter how much I try, I keep repeating old patterns?" I work from the understanding that the body remembers and is trying to protect. This leads to automatic protective stress responses. Deeper healing involves processing and releasing stressors within the whole self, learning to trust oneself, and calming the nervous system.
(541) 725-5778 View (541) 725-5778

Online Therapists

Photo of Jill M Visscher, Pre-Licensed Professional in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Jill M Visscher
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97030
It is a privilege to come alongside clients in their most challenging time to help them to heal, resolve conflict and recover from the hard that life can bring. I believe clients are the experts of their experience and I am a resource to help the attain their goals. I work collaboratively with my clients to create a safe and trusting environment that supports their discovery of internal strengths, hope, and resiliency.
It is a privilege to come alongside clients in their most challenging time to help them to heal, resolve conflict and recover from the hard that life can bring. I believe clients are the experts of their experience and I am a resource to help the attain their goals. I work collaboratively with my clients to create a safe and trusting environment that supports their discovery of internal strengths, hope, and resiliency.
(503) 809-4475 View (503) 809-4475
Photo of Natalie Mitchell, Psychologist in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Natalie Mitchell
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97201  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Psychologist with over 15 years experience in university and private practice settings. My work focuses on adults with a range of concerns, including depression and anxiety, difficult life transitions, relationship problems or losses, trauma, and identity. I have specific expertise working with young adults and the common challenges experienced at that time. I also enjoy working with individuals of diverse identities and backgrounds, which has been a focus in both my career and my ongoing education.
I am a Licensed Psychologist with over 15 years experience in university and private practice settings. My work focuses on adults with a range of concerns, including depression and anxiety, difficult life transitions, relationship problems or losses, trauma, and identity. I have specific expertise working with young adults and the common challenges experienced at that time. I also enjoy working with individuals of diverse identities and backgrounds, which has been a focus in both my career and my ongoing education.
(503) 461-7307 View (503) 461-7307
Photo of Wishing Wellness Counseling and Coaching, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Wishing Wellness Counseling and Coaching
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gresham, OR 97030
Email is best, not calls! I work with any age, any need. I work most often with anxiety, depression, interpersonal relationships, life changes, work-related stress, and chronic pain. I take a very practical approach to helping you find peace and healing with your struggles. This is a safe, non-judgmental place to receive validation, support, feedback, and proactive help. Email is best to reach me, not phone, as phone calls disturb sessions.
Email is best, not calls! I work with any age, any need. I work most often with anxiety, depression, interpersonal relationships, life changes, work-related stress, and chronic pain. I take a very practical approach to helping you find peace and healing with your struggles. This is a safe, non-judgmental place to receive validation, support, feedback, and proactive help. Email is best to reach me, not phone, as phone calls disturb sessions.
(503) 966-3306 View (503) 966-3306
Photo of Creative Change Counseling, Counselor in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Creative Change Counseling
Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Beaverton, OR 97078  (Online Only)
I am passionate about exploring your story at your own pace and helping you become unstuck, feel alive, and move towards the "you" that you know you can be. If life is currently difficult for you, allow me to provide guidance, support, accountability, and a therapeutic relationship. I specialize in EMDR therapy and find it an effective way to process difficult target memories that are stuck in our minds. For any life challenge that you are experiencing, let's get started addressing the root problem.
I am passionate about exploring your story at your own pace and helping you become unstuck, feel alive, and move towards the "you" that you know you can be. If life is currently difficult for you, allow me to provide guidance, support, accountability, and a therapeutic relationship. I specialize in EMDR therapy and find it an effective way to process difficult target memories that are stuck in our minds. For any life challenge that you are experiencing, let's get started addressing the root problem.
(503) 300-5070 View (503) 300-5070
Photo of Lee Ann Nail, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Lee Ann Nail
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salem, OR 97301
I work with a large number of other therapists and we always have the ability to see you, usually the same week. My approach is narrative and person centered with a focus on introspection. If you haven't found the right fit - where you feel honored and heard, reach out and connect. Sometimes the most difficult part of finding a therapist is making the first phone call.
I work with a large number of other therapists and we always have the ability to see you, usually the same week. My approach is narrative and person centered with a focus on introspection. If you haven't found the right fit - where you feel honored and heard, reach out and connect. Sometimes the most difficult part of finding a therapist is making the first phone call.
(503) 300-2776 View (503) 300-2776
Photo of Life Skills Management Services LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Life Skills Management Services LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MBA, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97030  (Online Only)
We are licensed in Utah, Oregon, Maine, Minnesota, Florida, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, North Carolina and Colorado. We currently offer telehealth and virtual therapeutic services. We work with individuals with a wide range of concerns including depression, mood disorders, family relations issues, substance use disorders, and co-occurring disorders. We combine different therapeutic approaches based on client's presenting concerns, goals, and motivation, such as, cognitive-behavioral, brief therapy, mindfulness, client-centered, solution-focused therapy.
We are licensed in Utah, Oregon, Maine, Minnesota, Florida, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, North Carolina and Colorado. We currently offer telehealth and virtual therapeutic services. We work with individuals with a wide range of concerns including depression, mood disorders, family relations issues, substance use disorders, and co-occurring disorders. We combine different therapeutic approaches based on client's presenting concerns, goals, and motivation, such as, cognitive-behavioral, brief therapy, mindfulness, client-centered, solution-focused therapy.
(503) 300-6773 View (503) 300-6773
Photo of Briana Hoskins, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Briana Hoskins
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Hood River, OR 97031
Waitlist for new clients
It is a brave and empowering first step to enter a counseling journey, for yourself, your child, and/or your family. I work with children, adolescents, young adults, and families. I have experience in areas of childhood trauma, anxiety, PTSD, depression, self-esteem, life transitions, adoption, grief, family conflict, and parenting. I have completed certificate programs in Therapeutic Life Story Work and Adoptive and Foster Family Therapy.
It is a brave and empowering first step to enter a counseling journey, for yourself, your child, and/or your family. I work with children, adolescents, young adults, and families. I have experience in areas of childhood trauma, anxiety, PTSD, depression, self-esteem, life transitions, adoption, grief, family conflict, and parenting. I have completed certificate programs in Therapeutic Life Story Work and Adoptive and Foster Family Therapy.
(541) 399-8948 View (541) 399-8948
Photo of Ana Cragnolino, Psychologist in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Ana Cragnolino
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97214
I offer psychological and neuropsychological evaluations to children, adolescents, and adults and I provide therapy for adolescents and adults. I evaluate learning and neurocognitive differences, including ADHD and depression and anxiety. My goal is to provide resources and support services for students with unique academic needs, help clients develop executive functioning strategies, and offer therapeutic services for neurodivergent individuals. If you are seeking to understand your unique ways of learning and living in the world, I want to help you on this path to greater contentment and fulfillment.
I offer psychological and neuropsychological evaluations to children, adolescents, and adults and I provide therapy for adolescents and adults. I evaluate learning and neurocognitive differences, including ADHD and depression and anxiety. My goal is to provide resources and support services for students with unique academic needs, help clients develop executive functioning strategies, and offer therapeutic services for neurodivergent individuals. If you are seeking to understand your unique ways of learning and living in the world, I want to help you on this path to greater contentment and fulfillment.
(971) 407-4975 View (971) 407-4975
Photo of Lindsay Howson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Lindsay Howson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97229  (Online Only)
The fact that you are visiting this page implies that you have been through and are going through some very difficult, confusing, and painful life experiences. I understand how difficult it is to share these intimate experiences with someone you do not know and I am honored to be the person who is able to partner with you as you strive to heal. If you are experiencing depression, anxiety, flashbacks, nightmares, relationship problems, or suspect that past experiences may be impacting your life, it would be my honor to help you find insight, healing, and joy as you heal. I am fully telehealth and licensed in both Oregon and Colorado.
The fact that you are visiting this page implies that you have been through and are going through some very difficult, confusing, and painful life experiences. I understand how difficult it is to share these intimate experiences with someone you do not know and I am honored to be the person who is able to partner with you as you strive to heal. If you are experiencing depression, anxiety, flashbacks, nightmares, relationship problems, or suspect that past experiences may be impacting your life, it would be my honor to help you find insight, healing, and joy as you heal. I am fully telehealth and licensed in both Oregon and Colorado.
(503) 278-5685 View (503) 278-5685
Photo of Daniel Chenoweth, Psychologist in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Daniel Chenoweth
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97221
I specialize in individual therapy which focuses on anxiety, depression, and trauma. My work typically centers around assisting the client to enhance their own awareness capabilities, processing traumatic experiences, exploring core beliefs derived from these experiences, and collaboratively working to undo false narratives which have created the anxiety and mood symptoms bringing them into treatment.
I specialize in individual therapy which focuses on anxiety, depression, and trauma. My work typically centers around assisting the client to enhance their own awareness capabilities, processing traumatic experiences, exploring core beliefs derived from these experiences, and collaboratively working to undo false narratives which have created the anxiety and mood symptoms bringing them into treatment.
(503) 694-9634 View (503) 694-9634
Photo of Nicole Rose, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Nicole Rose
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97232
I know and believe that healing can be achieved as it has in my own life. With this knowledge, I seek to provide a safe and non-judgmental environment for my clients to begin their healing journey.
I know and believe that healing can be achieved as it has in my own life. With this knowledge, I seek to provide a safe and non-judgmental environment for my clients to begin their healing journey.
(503) 832-4775 View (503) 832-4775
Photo of Annie Vail, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Annie Vail
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CHT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97211
Waitlist for new clients
I believe in your capacity to find the healing you seek and create the life you envision. Perhaps you are dealing with anxiety or depression, grieving the death of a loved one or a painful breakup, struggle with belonging, or just feel stuck and know that you are ready to do something about it. Do you want more intimacy, connection, and joy in your relationships? Let me help you uncover unconscious patterns and beliefs and heal from old wounds that may be keeping you from living from your best self. Together we can bring more love, capacity, skill, and presence into your relationships.
I believe in your capacity to find the healing you seek and create the life you envision. Perhaps you are dealing with anxiety or depression, grieving the death of a loved one or a painful breakup, struggle with belonging, or just feel stuck and know that you are ready to do something about it. Do you want more intimacy, connection, and joy in your relationships? Let me help you uncover unconscious patterns and beliefs and heal from old wounds that may be keeping you from living from your best self. Together we can bring more love, capacity, skill, and presence into your relationships.
(503) 966-9615 View (503) 966-9615
Photo of Healing Minds Therapy LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Healing Minds Therapy LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97204  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Molly Terry, a dedicated and compassionate psychotherapist with a passion for guiding individuals through life's challenges. My expertise lies in offering support and therapeutic interventions for those grappling with stress, anxiety, trauma, relationship complexities, and pivotal life transitions. I firmly believe that personal growth sprouts from understanding and reflection, and my therapeutic space is designed to foster just that. When you choose to work with me, you're stepping into a safe haven—a space imbued with trust, honesty, and compassion. It's a sanctuary where you can delve deep into self-exploration
Hello, I'm Molly Terry, a dedicated and compassionate psychotherapist with a passion for guiding individuals through life's challenges. My expertise lies in offering support and therapeutic interventions for those grappling with stress, anxiety, trauma, relationship complexities, and pivotal life transitions. I firmly believe that personal growth sprouts from understanding and reflection, and my therapeutic space is designed to foster just that. When you choose to work with me, you're stepping into a safe haven—a space imbued with trust, honesty, and compassion. It's a sanctuary where you can delve deep into self-exploration
(503) 594-7655 View (503) 594-7655
Photo of Michelle Ladd, Clinical Social Work Associate in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Michelle Ladd
Clinical Social Work Associate
Verified Verified
Hillsboro, OR 97124
I work primarily with children (10 years old and up) and teens struggling with a variety of mental health and behavioral concerns looking to understand the impact of their experiences. I approach care from attachment and family systems theory lenses, primarily utilizing motivational interviewing, psychoeducation, cognitive behavioral therapy, play therapy, and include family in treatment to best support the youth.
I work primarily with children (10 years old and up) and teens struggling with a variety of mental health and behavioral concerns looking to understand the impact of their experiences. I approach care from attachment and family systems theory lenses, primarily utilizing motivational interviewing, psychoeducation, cognitive behavioral therapy, play therapy, and include family in treatment to best support the youth.
(541) 818-0009 x1 View (541) 818-0009 x1
Photo of Dolores Lee Agency Has No Waiting List!, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Dolores Lee Agency Has No Waiting List!
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Salem, OR 97301  (Online Only)
Life can be hard, let's take this supportive counseling journey towards healing. At Lifeline Medical Center we have a variety of Counselors/Therapists willing to help you navigate through the challenging times of the healing process. Let's work towards building a solid foundation of self-awareness and self-understanding, so you can maintain a balanced state of mental, emotional and physical health. Call to schedule today.
Life can be hard, let's take this supportive counseling journey towards healing. At Lifeline Medical Center we have a variety of Counselors/Therapists willing to help you navigate through the challenging times of the healing process. Let's work towards building a solid foundation of self-awareness and self-understanding, so you can maintain a balanced state of mental, emotional and physical health. Call to schedule today.
(847) 719-6604 View (847) 719-6604
Photo of Nonie Jarvie, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Nonie Jarvie
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, BS, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97223
I am a registered associate. If you need to dismantle trauma and rebuild your life, find answers to questions that burden you, save or repair your relationships, or you need fresh skills to manage your emotional state, I can serve you. It is not too late to find what you are looking for by learning new patterns. In fact, it's the perfect time. You can find clarity and create a life that feels peaceful and whole. I'm here to help your life be what you want. I am under supervision and have interests in relational problems, couples, parenting, children, disability, anxiety, sex therapy, and trauma.
I am a registered associate. If you need to dismantle trauma and rebuild your life, find answers to questions that burden you, save or repair your relationships, or you need fresh skills to manage your emotional state, I can serve you. It is not too late to find what you are looking for by learning new patterns. In fact, it's the perfect time. You can find clarity and create a life that feels peaceful and whole. I'm here to help your life be what you want. I am under supervision and have interests in relational problems, couples, parenting, children, disability, anxiety, sex therapy, and trauma.
(503) 749-9946 View (503) 749-9946
Photo of Frankie Forrester, Professional Counselor Associate in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Frankie Forrester
Professional Counselor Associate, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97217  (Online Only)
As a Black, non-binary, transracial adoptee, identity work is the name of my game. I often work with BIPOC and/or gender non-conforming individuals including children, pre-teens, and adults. I focus my clinical work in supporting those navigating challenges that arise from identity work: racial, gender, familial, societal, etc. The subject of adoption is particularly close to my heart and one that holds much nuance and intricacy. We may be a good fit if you are looking to explore any of the aforementioned or are the parent and/or guardian of the aforementioned. Please contact me using the "my website" link or visit crybaby.care.
As a Black, non-binary, transracial adoptee, identity work is the name of my game. I often work with BIPOC and/or gender non-conforming individuals including children, pre-teens, and adults. I focus my clinical work in supporting those navigating challenges that arise from identity work: racial, gender, familial, societal, etc. The subject of adoption is particularly close to my heart and one that holds much nuance and intricacy. We may be a good fit if you are looking to explore any of the aforementioned or are the parent and/or guardian of the aforementioned. Please contact me using the "my website" link or visit crybaby.care.
Photo of Nicole Moore, Marriage & Family Therapist in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR
Nicole Moore
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake Oswego, OR 97035
It is with immense warmth and gratitude that I extend a heartfelt welcome to you as you embark on this journey of healing, growth and transformation. My mission is to provide a secure, inclusive and non-judgmental environment where you can reach your full potential. Whether you're striving to cultivate your own individual growth, seeking assistance in mending wounds from your past, working to have a stronger partnership or aiming to empower your adolescent's journey towards a thriving life, I am here.
It is with immense warmth and gratitude that I extend a heartfelt welcome to you as you embark on this journey of healing, growth and transformation. My mission is to provide a secure, inclusive and non-judgmental environment where you can reach your full potential. Whether you're striving to cultivate your own individual growth, seeking assistance in mending wounds from your past, working to have a stronger partnership or aiming to empower your adolescent's journey towards a thriving life, I am here.
(971) 606-3740 View (971) 606-3740

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR

< 10

Therapists in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Grief
100% Trauma and PTSD
100% Other
100% Emotional Disturbance
100% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

10 Years

Gender breakdown

100% Female

How Therapists in Mount Hood Parkdale, OR see their clients

100% Online Only
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Mount Hood Parkdale?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.