Therapists in Walnut Creek, CA

Photo of Channin Graham, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Walnut Creek, CA
Channin Graham
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Walnut Creek, CA 94596  (Online Only)
It’s hard to be human. There are no manuals on how to deal with our thoughts and emotions. Sitting with vulnerability can be scary and uncomfortable. As a Client-Centered clinician I plan to meet you in the here and now and help get you to where you want to be in a holistically happy and healthy manner. Your decision to seek therapy may feel like one of the hardest things you have done, but it can also be one of the most profound. Therapy is a collaborative experience where I genuinely believe that my clients are the experts on their lives and personal experiences.
It’s hard to be human. There are no manuals on how to deal with our thoughts and emotions. Sitting with vulnerability can be scary and uncomfortable. As a Client-Centered clinician I plan to meet you in the here and now and help get you to where you want to be in a holistically happy and healthy manner. Your decision to seek therapy may feel like one of the hardest things you have done, but it can also be one of the most profound. Therapy is a collaborative experience where I genuinely believe that my clients are the experts on their lives and personal experiences.
(925) 744-6711 View (925) 744-6711
Photo of Anny Papatheodorou, Marriage & Family Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Anny Papatheodorou
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MSc
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Waitlist for new clients
Consider this for a moment: how many times per day do you hear yourself say, "a part of me thinks/feels this, but another part of me thinks/feels that"? Indeed, we all consist of "parts" - aspects of ourselves that formed in response to life experiences, beliefs, and felt emotions. But here's the twist: the parts we resist and exile in ourselves have a way of resurfacing and often manifest as undesirable behaviors with unwanted outcomes. In other words, these parts react automatically to situations and often get us in trouble. For this reason, we stay stuck, and parts of ourselves remain unfulfilled and unattended.
Consider this for a moment: how many times per day do you hear yourself say, "a part of me thinks/feels this, but another part of me thinks/feels that"? Indeed, we all consist of "parts" - aspects of ourselves that formed in response to life experiences, beliefs, and felt emotions. But here's the twist: the parts we resist and exile in ourselves have a way of resurfacing and often manifest as undesirable behaviors with unwanted outcomes. In other words, these parts react automatically to situations and often get us in trouble. For this reason, we stay stuck, and parts of ourselves remain unfulfilled and unattended.
(925) 270-6168 View (925) 270-6168
Photo of Barbara Peterson, Psychologist in Walnut Creek, CA
Barbara Peterson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
I enjoy working with adolescents and adults with a wide range of presenting concerns. I provide both individual and family psychotherapy, as well as conduct psychological testing. I work within a collaborative model, integrating treatment techniques to develop individualized interventions. I develop specific goals together with clients and their families, and work closely with physicians and other referring professionals to coordinate treatment. I have particular expertise in treating sexual abuse and trauma, depression and bipolar disorders, and adolescent behavioral and emotional disturbances.
I enjoy working with adolescents and adults with a wide range of presenting concerns. I provide both individual and family psychotherapy, as well as conduct psychological testing. I work within a collaborative model, integrating treatment techniques to develop individualized interventions. I develop specific goals together with clients and their families, and work closely with physicians and other referring professionals to coordinate treatment. I have particular expertise in treating sexual abuse and trauma, depression and bipolar disorders, and adolescent behavioral and emotional disturbances.
(925) 603-3975 View (925) 603-3975
Photo of Jenni Allen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Jenni Allen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Beginning therapy takes courage! When we are hurting, confused, and uncertain, it can be difficult to reach out for help. It's an honor and privledge to work with couples with the goal of helping them live life to the fullest. I look forward to hearing from you, to discover if we are a good fit for one another.
Beginning therapy takes courage! When we are hurting, confused, and uncertain, it can be difficult to reach out for help. It's an honor and privledge to work with couples with the goal of helping them live life to the fullest. I look forward to hearing from you, to discover if we are a good fit for one another.
(925) 523-7606 View (925) 523-7606
Photo of Katherine Hughes, Psychologist in Walnut Creek, CA
Katherine Hughes
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94597
I am a clinical psychologist based in Walnut Creek, CA. My graduate and postgraduate training included most major approaches to psychotherapy. When I begin psychotherapy with someone, my intent is to work in partnership with you. My style is one of active collaboration. Only with both of us involved, sharing our thoughts and ideas, can a safe and effective working environment develop. Change isn't easy. If it was, you might not be thinking about therapy.
I am a clinical psychologist based in Walnut Creek, CA. My graduate and postgraduate training included most major approaches to psychotherapy. When I begin psychotherapy with someone, my intent is to work in partnership with you. My style is one of active collaboration. Only with both of us involved, sharing our thoughts and ideas, can a safe and effective working environment develop. Change isn't easy. If it was, you might not be thinking about therapy.
(925) 526-4116 View (925) 526-4116
Photo of Dr. Atina Manvelian, Psychologist in Walnut Creek, CA
Dr. Atina Manvelian
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
I am a licensed clinical psychologist, assistant professor, and scientist. In my private practice, I see teens, adults, couples, and families. I take a holistic, trauma-informed, culturally-sensitive, and evidence-based approach to psychotherapy. I also provide life coaching and executive consultation. After learning about your history, stressors, and sociocultural background, I will work closely with you to meet your goals, however big or small they may seem.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist, assistant professor, and scientist. In my private practice, I see teens, adults, couples, and families. I take a holistic, trauma-informed, culturally-sensitive, and evidence-based approach to psychotherapy. I also provide life coaching and executive consultation. After learning about your history, stressors, and sociocultural background, I will work closely with you to meet your goals, however big or small they may seem.
(925) 369-7076 View (925) 369-7076
Photo of My Mental Climb, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
My Mental Climb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94596  (Online Only)
I'm Michelle Payton, a dedicated Licensed Clinical Social Worker, excited to support your mental well-being journey. My passion is helping individuals overcome anxiety and depression, no matter the traumas they've faced. What sets me apart is my fusion of expertise as a certified personal trainer, understanding the mind-body connection for positive change. With diverse experience in mental health contexts, from Outpatient to Correctional Mental Health, I bring a wealth of knowledge. My areas of expertise cover anxiety, depression, addiction, trauma/PTSD, and LGBTQI+ concerns.
I'm Michelle Payton, a dedicated Licensed Clinical Social Worker, excited to support your mental well-being journey. My passion is helping individuals overcome anxiety and depression, no matter the traumas they've faced. What sets me apart is my fusion of expertise as a certified personal trainer, understanding the mind-body connection for positive change. With diverse experience in mental health contexts, from Outpatient to Correctional Mental Health, I bring a wealth of knowledge. My areas of expertise cover anxiety, depression, addiction, trauma/PTSD, and LGBTQI+ concerns.
(510) 616-7177 View (510) 616-7177
Photo of Windy Taylor, Associate Professional Clinical Counselor in Walnut Creek, CA
Windy Taylor
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Waitlist for new clients
Have you been impacted by something in your life that has caused pain such as loss, abuse, or a traumatic event? Have you used adverse coping techniques that resulted in negative outcomes or repeated patterns? Do you see these patterns reappear by choices made in your life and you feel you want to make a change? I am here to offer a nonjudgmental and unconditional foundation to help support you. Every experience is unique to the individual and the effects of these experiences must be processed through one's own strengths. Together we will find the peace that you seek to ultimately bring you to a place of well-being.
Have you been impacted by something in your life that has caused pain such as loss, abuse, or a traumatic event? Have you used adverse coping techniques that resulted in negative outcomes or repeated patterns? Do you see these patterns reappear by choices made in your life and you feel you want to make a change? I am here to offer a nonjudgmental and unconditional foundation to help support you. Every experience is unique to the individual and the effects of these experiences must be processed through one's own strengths. Together we will find the peace that you seek to ultimately bring you to a place of well-being.
(925) 966-2771 View (925) 966-2771
Photo of Debbie Thomas, Marriage & Family Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Debbie Thomas
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Walnut Creek, CA 94598
Not accepting new clients
Working with couples my approach integrates CBT, Psychodynamic, Solution Focused therapies and Mindfulness. Couples can count on learning and practicing effective communication skills, emotional intelligence, and self-awareness. Practicing these skills will help deepen your connection, intimacy, and emotional-attunement with your partner to build the relationship you really want. My work with individuals focuses on support and strategies during times of grief and loss, relationship struggles, and life transitions.
Working with couples my approach integrates CBT, Psychodynamic, Solution Focused therapies and Mindfulness. Couples can count on learning and practicing effective communication skills, emotional intelligence, and self-awareness. Practicing these skills will help deepen your connection, intimacy, and emotional-attunement with your partner to build the relationship you really want. My work with individuals focuses on support and strategies during times of grief and loss, relationship struggles, and life transitions.
(925) 478-3694 View (925) 478-3694
Photo of Nicole Hermann-Metzger, Psychologist in Walnut Creek, CA
Nicole Hermann-Metzger
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94597
My approach to therapy is client-centered, meeting each person I work with where they are at using diverse interventions including mindfulness and somatic experiencing techniques. I am a Bay Area native raised in a multicultural household with over 20 years of experience working in a variety of settings throughout Contra Costa and Alameda Counties. I specialize in working with people struggling with: anxiety, ADHD, mood disorders, chronic stress, adjusting to life changes, trauma exposure/PTSD, gender and sexual orientation identity issues, and multicultural stress.
My approach to therapy is client-centered, meeting each person I work with where they are at using diverse interventions including mindfulness and somatic experiencing techniques. I am a Bay Area native raised in a multicultural household with over 20 years of experience working in a variety of settings throughout Contra Costa and Alameda Counties. I specialize in working with people struggling with: anxiety, ADHD, mood disorders, chronic stress, adjusting to life changes, trauma exposure/PTSD, gender and sexual orientation identity issues, and multicultural stress.
(925) 633-6717 View (925) 633-6717
Photo of Debbie L Rosenberg, Marriage & Family Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Debbie L Rosenberg
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
I’m a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist providing support for individuals, couples, and adolescents. I’m passionate about supporting and empowering individuals through a collaborative process — with a focus on improving overall psychological well-being and quality of life. We will work together to assist in your healing, to increase your insight of patterns you may wish to change, and also find creative solutions that allow you to achieve your goals and live a more fulfilled and authentic life.
I’m a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist providing support for individuals, couples, and adolescents. I’m passionate about supporting and empowering individuals through a collaborative process — with a focus on improving overall psychological well-being and quality of life. We will work together to assist in your healing, to increase your insight of patterns you may wish to change, and also find creative solutions that allow you to achieve your goals and live a more fulfilled and authentic life.
(707) 309-7165 View (707) 309-7165
Photo of Ellen Raboin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Ellen Raboin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94598
We can get stuck in patterns in our relationships at home or work that are stressful and depleting. I welcome couples struggling with unhealthy dynamics, individuals who want support managing emotions, moving through significant life changes, living with trauma, adverse childhood experiences, anxiety and depression, or just building effective communications.
We can get stuck in patterns in our relationships at home or work that are stressful and depleting. I welcome couples struggling with unhealthy dynamics, individuals who want support managing emotions, moving through significant life changes, living with trauma, adverse childhood experiences, anxiety and depression, or just building effective communications.
(925) 291-5520 View (925) 291-5520
Photo of Maureen Daniel, Marriage & Family Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Maureen Daniel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
I have been licensed for almost 30 years and know how much people struggle in their relationships. I work with anxious and depressed clients and people who feel hopeless about making change occur. I am very interactive and help by giving feedback and suggestions to improve your situation. I use Cognitive Behavioral therapy and psychdynamic explorative therapy.
I have been licensed for almost 30 years and know how much people struggle in their relationships. I work with anxious and depressed clients and people who feel hopeless about making change occur. I am very interactive and help by giving feedback and suggestions to improve your situation. I use Cognitive Behavioral therapy and psychdynamic explorative therapy.
(925) 400-6824 View (925) 400-6824
Photo of Private Practice, Marriage & Family Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Private Practice
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
EMDR therapist in the East Bay specialized in Trauma / PTSD, Marriage Counseling, Food Issues / Disordered Eating, Anxiety, LGBTQ, Depression, Women's Issues, Spirituality, Life Transitions, Adoption, Parenting, and Teen Issues. I regularly see Couples, Families, Teens and Adults ranging from early adolescence to late 60's.
EMDR therapist in the East Bay specialized in Trauma / PTSD, Marriage Counseling, Food Issues / Disordered Eating, Anxiety, LGBTQ, Depression, Women's Issues, Spirituality, Life Transitions, Adoption, Parenting, and Teen Issues. I regularly see Couples, Families, Teens and Adults ranging from early adolescence to late 60's.
(925) 948-8070 View (925) 948-8070
Photo of Peter Oppermann, Psychologist in Walnut Creek, CA
Peter Oppermann
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Feeling restless or easily distracted? Lacking energy, motivation, focus, or direction in life? Spinning your wheels in your career or relationships? Prone to pleasing others at all costs, yet feeling unhappy and misunderstood? Always too busy to stop and smell the flowers? I'd like to help you become more empowered, confident, and satisfied through facing and letting go of your fears, irritating beliefs, guilt, and suffering, so you can learn to communicate more effectively and have healthy relationships. For more than twenty-five years I have provided time-limited and in-depth psychotherapy to individuals, couples and groups.
Feeling restless or easily distracted? Lacking energy, motivation, focus, or direction in life? Spinning your wheels in your career or relationships? Prone to pleasing others at all costs, yet feeling unhappy and misunderstood? Always too busy to stop and smell the flowers? I'd like to help you become more empowered, confident, and satisfied through facing and letting go of your fears, irritating beliefs, guilt, and suffering, so you can learn to communicate more effectively and have healthy relationships. For more than twenty-five years I have provided time-limited and in-depth psychotherapy to individuals, couples and groups.
(925) 365-6955 View (925) 365-6955
Photo of Caitlin E Billings, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Caitlin E Billings
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94598
You're in a state of overwhelm and life feels really unmanageable. You've tried therapy before, but it didn't go deeply enough into the struggles you've faced. You long to be seen and understood, but also want concrete skills so you can get through the day. You don’t want to turn to unhealthy coping mechanisms, but you’re running out of answers. You’re left to pick up the pieces and you’re not sure if you can do it again.
You're in a state of overwhelm and life feels really unmanageable. You've tried therapy before, but it didn't go deeply enough into the struggles you've faced. You long to be seen and understood, but also want concrete skills so you can get through the day. You don’t want to turn to unhealthy coping mechanisms, but you’re running out of answers. You’re left to pick up the pieces and you’re not sure if you can do it again.
(510) 573-7458 View (510) 573-7458
Photo of Makenna Clements (Robery), Marriage & Family Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Makenna Clements (Robery)
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94595
Serving the East Bay! My specialities include treating eating disorders, specifically anorexia, compulsive exercise, and concurrent anxiety/depression. I also tend to work with young adult, (sometimes Christian) women navigating anxiety, life transitions, relationships, and family “stuff”. I take a collaborative and curious approach- with a healthy sprinkle of humor and directness- to help my clients meet their goals.
Serving the East Bay! My specialities include treating eating disorders, specifically anorexia, compulsive exercise, and concurrent anxiety/depression. I also tend to work with young adult, (sometimes Christian) women navigating anxiety, life transitions, relationships, and family “stuff”. I take a collaborative and curious approach- with a healthy sprinkle of humor and directness- to help my clients meet their goals.
(925) 968-4893 View (925) 968-4893
Photo of Melinda Perales, Marriage & Family Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Melinda Perales
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CSAT, CMAT, RAE
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Chances are, at this time, when you are seeking therapy, you might be feeling alone, worried, and scared. The truth is that you are never alone; help and support are always available. Shining your light in times of darkness is possible and can be met with new hope and exciting beginnings! My focus with clients is on healing rather than treatment. I am committed to providing quality, affordable psychotherapy for everyone and am proudly associated with Axis Mundi Center for Mental Health to help accomplish my mission. (axismundicenter.org)
Chances are, at this time, when you are seeking therapy, you might be feeling alone, worried, and scared. The truth is that you are never alone; help and support are always available. Shining your light in times of darkness is possible and can be met with new hope and exciting beginnings! My focus with clients is on healing rather than treatment. I am committed to providing quality, affordable psychotherapy for everyone and am proudly associated with Axis Mundi Center for Mental Health to help accomplish my mission. (axismundicenter.org)
(415) 317-3557 View (415) 317-3557
Photo of Roxana E Tejada-Joya, Marriage & Family Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Roxana E Tejada-Joya
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Walnut Creek, CA 94597  (Online Only)
I have been a therapist for 16 years and a Faculty for 3 years. I am biracial, Latina, a woman of color, and an immigrant from South America. I have worked with trauma survivors from different backgrounds, ages, races, incomes, languages, LGBTQ, war victims, the homeless, people with schizophrenia, bipolar, refugees, and individuals of several other countries and belief systems.
I have been a therapist for 16 years and a Faculty for 3 years. I am biracial, Latina, a woman of color, and an immigrant from South America. I have worked with trauma survivors from different backgrounds, ages, races, incomes, languages, LGBTQ, war victims, the homeless, people with schizophrenia, bipolar, refugees, and individuals of several other countries and belief systems.
(925) 248-3680 View (925) 248-3680
Photo of Rachel A. Murray, Marriage & Family Therapist in Walnut Creek, CA
Rachel A. Murray
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Walnut Creek, CA 94597
Are you feeling stressed, overwhelmed, or generally dissatisfied with your life? Do you want to experience less anxiety and sadness? Does procrastination, over-thinking, perfectionism or people pleasing get in your way? If you are seeking help for your child, are you concerned they do not have the coping skills necessary to navigate the challenges of modern life? If you answered yes to any of these questions, you are not alone. Whether you or your child is experiencing the first signs of emotional distress or are struggling with debilitating symptoms, therapy can help.
Are you feeling stressed, overwhelmed, or generally dissatisfied with your life? Do you want to experience less anxiety and sadness? Does procrastination, over-thinking, perfectionism or people pleasing get in your way? If you are seeking help for your child, are you concerned they do not have the coping skills necessary to navigate the challenges of modern life? If you answered yes to any of these questions, you are not alone. Whether you or your child is experiencing the first signs of emotional distress or are struggling with debilitating symptoms, therapy can help.
(415) 506-8172 View (415) 506-8172

See more therapy options for Walnut Creek

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Walnut Creek, CA

700+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Walnut Creek, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
70% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
65% Grief

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

61% Aetna
49% Cigna and Evernorth
39% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Walnut Creek, CA see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Walnut Creek?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.