Therapists in Tucson, AZ

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Photo of Bridget Vyborny, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Bridget Vyborny
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85718
Do you feel like you are having a hard time connecting with loved ones? I have over ten years of experience in providing therapy services to children, families, and adults. I believe that asking for help and support is a show of strength and courage. It can be difficult to admit you are ready to make changes in your life and identify habits and patterns that are not benefiting you. I can support you and walk along side you as you make those changes in order to achieve greater life satisfaction and healthier relationships.
Do you feel like you are having a hard time connecting with loved ones? I have over ten years of experience in providing therapy services to children, families, and adults. I believe that asking for help and support is a show of strength and courage. It can be difficult to admit you are ready to make changes in your life and identify habits and patterns that are not benefiting you. I can support you and walk along side you as you make those changes in order to achieve greater life satisfaction and healthier relationships.
(520) 523-7282 View (520) 523-7282
Photo of Audrey Schackart, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Audrey Schackart
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85704
Current Immediate Availability. It starts so small. Some frustration here, some outbursts there, avoiding situations that trigger uncomfortable emotions, occasional episodes of sadness or anxiety. Gradually it gets worse. Suddenly you find little joy in life, you don’t recognize yourself in the mirror, and you are spending the days feeling stuck in the intensity of these emotions and thoughts that control your life. Maybe you are watching your child experience these things and are feeling helpless seeing them struggle. It is time for change, time for healing, but you just are not sure how or where to start.
Current Immediate Availability. It starts so small. Some frustration here, some outbursts there, avoiding situations that trigger uncomfortable emotions, occasional episodes of sadness or anxiety. Gradually it gets worse. Suddenly you find little joy in life, you don’t recognize yourself in the mirror, and you are spending the days feeling stuck in the intensity of these emotions and thoughts that control your life. Maybe you are watching your child experience these things and are feeling helpless seeing them struggle. It is time for change, time for healing, but you just are not sure how or where to start.
(520) 597-7687 View (520) 597-7687
Photo of Michael G Simpson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Michael G Simpson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSc, LPC, ACA
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85704
Have you have looked hard and walked long seeking a sense of wellness and peace of mind? Dealing with issues like depression, anxiety, substance use disorder, trauma, or any behavioral health or relationship issue can become overwhelming. In reality, these issues often occur together where symptoms of one can mimic another and symptoms of one can drive another, requiring experienced help. There is always a reliable way forward toward recovering health, no matter how long you have been struggling with your issues or relationships, or how hopeless they feel. Let me walk with you on your journey toward wellness.
Have you have looked hard and walked long seeking a sense of wellness and peace of mind? Dealing with issues like depression, anxiety, substance use disorder, trauma, or any behavioral health or relationship issue can become overwhelming. In reality, these issues often occur together where symptoms of one can mimic another and symptoms of one can drive another, requiring experienced help. There is always a reliable way forward toward recovering health, no matter how long you have been struggling with your issues or relationships, or how hopeless they feel. Let me walk with you on your journey toward wellness.
(520) 210-5329 View (520) 210-5329
Photo of Rachel Broome | Somatic Love And Healing, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Rachel Broome | Somatic Love And Healing
Licensed Professional Counselor, SEP, LPC-S, CCTP, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85715
Hello! Searching for a therapist is daunting, isn’t it? Phew. Congratulations on the decision to find a therapist to walk with you through one of the more difficult parts of being a human. I feel honored to be considered. I work with humans who have experienced trauma and/or nervous system dysregulation and are looking for relief. It’s entirely possible to feel relief, and have a life that feels more easeful. I am lucky to be able to work with humans who are searching for their healing and am amazed by our innate capacity for wholeness and authenticity. Reaching out can be a terrifying; I’m so proud of you for starting your journey.
Hello! Searching for a therapist is daunting, isn’t it? Phew. Congratulations on the decision to find a therapist to walk with you through one of the more difficult parts of being a human. I feel honored to be considered. I work with humans who have experienced trauma and/or nervous system dysregulation and are looking for relief. It’s entirely possible to feel relief, and have a life that feels more easeful. I am lucky to be able to work with humans who are searching for their healing and am amazed by our innate capacity for wholeness and authenticity. Reaching out can be a terrifying; I’m so proud of you for starting your journey.
(520) 389-6266 View (520) 389-6266
Photo of Rick Leopold, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Rick Leopold
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
Not accepting new clients
A good therapist accepts and validates who you are and what you value. This can only happen if you feel compassion and warmth from the therapist you choose. Do you feel troubled by your past? By events or relationships from your childhood? Or perhaps you are unsure of what drives your distress and simply need a safe, supportive person to explore this with. I am interested in getting to know you and to learn about your unique needs.
A good therapist accepts and validates who you are and what you value. This can only happen if you feel compassion and warmth from the therapist you choose. Do you feel troubled by your past? By events or relationships from your childhood? Or perhaps you are unsure of what drives your distress and simply need a safe, supportive person to explore this with. I am interested in getting to know you and to learn about your unique needs.
(520) 447-1708 View (520) 447-1708
Photo of Jami Parrish, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Jami Parrish
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAT, CMAT, EMDR
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712
Therapy is a collaborative process of discernment, self discovery, and change. Loss, transitions, family of origin issues, addictions, work and money worries can make life stressful and difficult to manage. During these times we feel stuck and alone. Change happens when someone is present with you in a supportive environment. My approach is psychodynamically based, incorporating neuropsychological, mindfulness, and body-based techniques. Together we will address your needs, celebrate your successes, and allow you to create the space to become the person you desire to be; the person you know you are in your heart.
Therapy is a collaborative process of discernment, self discovery, and change. Loss, transitions, family of origin issues, addictions, work and money worries can make life stressful and difficult to manage. During these times we feel stuck and alone. Change happens when someone is present with you in a supportive environment. My approach is psychodynamically based, incorporating neuropsychological, mindfulness, and body-based techniques. Together we will address your needs, celebrate your successes, and allow you to create the space to become the person you desire to be; the person you know you are in your heart.
(520) 329-0345 View (520) 329-0345
Photo of Catalina Christophe, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Catalina Christophe
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85711
I'm bilingual( Spanish and English ) MA, Psychotherapist. I have two licenses LPC and LISAC. I practice in Tucson, Arizona since 1998. For the last 17 years I specialize in PTSD work and addictions. Providing Free State funded treatment for compulsive Gambling and the families affected by this addiction. Also I provide services to EAP, programs and Critical incident stress management
I'm bilingual( Spanish and English ) MA, Psychotherapist. I have two licenses LPC and LISAC. I practice in Tucson, Arizona since 1998. For the last 17 years I specialize in PTSD work and addictions. Providing Free State funded treatment for compulsive Gambling and the families affected by this addiction. Also I provide services to EAP, programs and Critical incident stress management
(520) 253-7748 View (520) 253-7748
Photo of Maureen Pickett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Maureen Pickett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712
Not accepting new clients
Have life's challenges been overwhelming you? Making you question yourself, question if you are okay, question if you are enough? Taking this first step toward therapy can be difficult, and it is my goal to offer you a safe place to help you explore and be your authentic self. You are not alone. Things can get better. My counseling practice can provide skills and insight to help you through these challenging times. I work with teens and adults working through trauma, anxiety and depression, mood disorders, grief, and life changes.
Have life's challenges been overwhelming you? Making you question yourself, question if you are okay, question if you are enough? Taking this first step toward therapy can be difficult, and it is my goal to offer you a safe place to help you explore and be your authentic self. You are not alone. Things can get better. My counseling practice can provide skills and insight to help you through these challenging times. I work with teens and adults working through trauma, anxiety and depression, mood disorders, grief, and life changes.
(520) 300-9073 View (520) 300-9073
Photo of Tiffany Goforth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Tiffany Goforth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85705  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Are you interested in personal growth? Do experiences from the past cause you pain today? Do you suffer from anxiety, substance abuse, or depression? Do you feel unseen, unheard, or unmotivated? In therapy, we can navigate difficult emotions, learn to recognize unhelpful patterns, gain new skills, and improve symptom management, among other things. I also believe there is a connection between our thoughts, feelings, and bodies; and, I find the mind-body connection helpful to explore.
Are you interested in personal growth? Do experiences from the past cause you pain today? Do you suffer from anxiety, substance abuse, or depression? Do you feel unseen, unheard, or unmotivated? In therapy, we can navigate difficult emotions, learn to recognize unhelpful patterns, gain new skills, and improve symptom management, among other things. I also believe there is a connection between our thoughts, feelings, and bodies; and, I find the mind-body connection helpful to explore.
(520) 389-5690 View (520) 389-5690
Photo of Shannon Carmona, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Shannon Carmona
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85749  (Online Only)
I believe one of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your own story. I want to help you achieve whatever solutions and life changes you are looking for and enjoy the process along the way. It does not have to be all bad. There are reasons why you think a certain way, do not have control over emotions or repeat mistakes. Let us get to the bottom of those reasons.
I believe one of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your own story. I want to help you achieve whatever solutions and life changes you are looking for and enjoy the process along the way. It does not have to be all bad. There are reasons why you think a certain way, do not have control over emotions or repeat mistakes. Let us get to the bottom of those reasons.
(520) 636-8748 View (520) 636-8748
Photo of Amy Sharp, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Amy Sharp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85716
I enjoy working with teens and adults from all backgrounds! I usually connect well with people who had developmental or complex trauma in childhood, as well as young adults struggling with the transition to "adulting." I have experience helping with low self-esteem, general anxiety, social anxiety, chronic illness, codependency, trauma, and depression. I believe we all go through challenges in life and need to work on our mental health to reach our full potential. You can do it, even when it's scary! You are the expert on your own life and have more strengths than you realize! I would be honored to meet with you.
I enjoy working with teens and adults from all backgrounds! I usually connect well with people who had developmental or complex trauma in childhood, as well as young adults struggling with the transition to "adulting." I have experience helping with low self-esteem, general anxiety, social anxiety, chronic illness, codependency, trauma, and depression. I believe we all go through challenges in life and need to work on our mental health to reach our full potential. You can do it, even when it's scary! You are the expert on your own life and have more strengths than you realize! I would be honored to meet with you.
(520) 523-2942 View (520) 523-2942
Photo of LifeFlourish Counseling, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
LifeFlourish Counseling
Counselor, MS, LPC, BHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
Are you trying to make sense of life while feeling stuck, overwhelmed, alone, with strained relationships, beating yourself up? Can't get past your past? What if the future can be brighter? Hello, my name is Norma Maisonet and it is my goal to provide a safe and compassionate environment that will enable you to explore your concerns, struggles and goals. It is important to me for our sessions to provide a safe space in which to build the trust and respect necessary for your success. It is my desire to help you create positive changes, heal and flourish in your life.
Are you trying to make sense of life while feeling stuck, overwhelmed, alone, with strained relationships, beating yourself up? Can't get past your past? What if the future can be brighter? Hello, my name is Norma Maisonet and it is my goal to provide a safe and compassionate environment that will enable you to explore your concerns, struggles and goals. It is important to me for our sessions to provide a safe space in which to build the trust and respect necessary for your success. It is my desire to help you create positive changes, heal and flourish in your life.
(520) 394-8872 View (520) 394-8872
Photo of Krista M Galindo, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Krista M Galindo
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85704
Hope Centered Counseling provides a safe space for our clients. Our principle mission is to help our clients to overcome life’s obstacles through talk therapy coupled with a personalized program to increase resilience, cultivate solace, and find hope again.
Hope Centered Counseling provides a safe space for our clients. Our principle mission is to help our clients to overcome life’s obstacles through talk therapy coupled with a personalized program to increase resilience, cultivate solace, and find hope again.
(520) 457-5593 View (520) 457-5593
Photo of Jenni L Swenson, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Jenni L Swenson
Counselor, LPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85737  (Online Only)
Anxiety and depression can be terrifying emotionally and physically, and I don't want you to suffer from them anymore. Treatment of the whole person, taking into the account of mental and social factors rather than just the symptom can help to reduce anxiety. With patience and grace for yourself, you set the pace of therapeutic change, and I will provide the support and encouragement, truly listen and hold your spoken and unspoken words in a safe container, then help you safely accept your feelings in return. My hopes for you are to feel relief, to be supported and to find more happiness and peace in your life.
Anxiety and depression can be terrifying emotionally and physically, and I don't want you to suffer from them anymore. Treatment of the whole person, taking into the account of mental and social factors rather than just the symptom can help to reduce anxiety. With patience and grace for yourself, you set the pace of therapeutic change, and I will provide the support and encouragement, truly listen and hold your spoken and unspoken words in a safe container, then help you safely accept your feelings in return. My hopes for you are to feel relief, to be supported and to find more happiness and peace in your life.
(505) 927-6011 View (505) 927-6011
Photo of Sherrill Koogler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Sherrill Koogler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RPT-S
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85704
Are you frustrated with your child’s behavior? Are you receiving phone calls from your child’s school? Is your child having difficulty regulating emotions and following directions? Both parents and children become frustrated and their relationship suffers. I use the language of play to connect with children and help them learn to express their needs in a safe manner. I specialize in working with children who have difficulty managing emotions and behavior at home and at school.
Are you frustrated with your child’s behavior? Are you receiving phone calls from your child’s school? Is your child having difficulty regulating emotions and following directions? Both parents and children become frustrated and their relationship suffers. I use the language of play to connect with children and help them learn to express their needs in a safe manner. I specialize in working with children who have difficulty managing emotions and behavior at home and at school.
(520) 462-8867 View (520) 462-8867
Photo of Celeste Hannah, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Tucson, AZ
Celeste Hannah
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MAS, LAMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85715
Not accepting new clients
Every human being has a story. These stories shape how we live, the relationships we form, and the goals we work toward. Sometimes these stories can be painful or weigh us down, creating frustration and shame that impact our lives. I welcome all stories into my office, and look forward to creating connections with the humans who bear them. I am a marriage and family therapist who fell in love with trauma work, so I offer a well-rounded perspective, whether we work individually or systemically.
Every human being has a story. These stories shape how we live, the relationships we form, and the goals we work toward. Sometimes these stories can be painful or weigh us down, creating frustration and shame that impact our lives. I welcome all stories into my office, and look forward to creating connections with the humans who bear them. I am a marriage and family therapist who fell in love with trauma work, so I offer a well-rounded perspective, whether we work individually or systemically.
(520) 341-5690 View (520) 341-5690
Photo of Grazi Martins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Grazi Martins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85704
I am an outgoing, thoughtful, and compassionate therapist who believes in developing therapy goals together. I approach each clinical situation, therapeutic challenge, and client with positivity, respect, and exuberance. I work best with adolescents and young adults struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, and other mood disturbances. I hope to help my clients meet their identified goals. Please visit my website at thrivetherapyaz.com to request a free 15-minute consultation.
I am an outgoing, thoughtful, and compassionate therapist who believes in developing therapy goals together. I approach each clinical situation, therapeutic challenge, and client with positivity, respect, and exuberance. I work best with adolescents and young adults struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, and other mood disturbances. I hope to help my clients meet their identified goals. Please visit my website at thrivetherapyaz.com to request a free 15-minute consultation.
(520) 783-7254 View (520) 783-7254
Photo of Sylvia K Neal, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Sylvia K Neal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, PLLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85741
Sylvia K. Neal, MSW, LCSW, PLLC, is a licensed clinical social worker specializing in the field of sexual abuse and trauma. She has worked in this area for over 20 years starting with female adult survivors of sexual abuse and sexual assault and has dedicated much of her work to the area of sexual abuse, incest, perpetration and sexual acting out. She has extensive experience working with depression, anxiety, trauma, addictions, anger, violence and abuse.
Sylvia K. Neal, MSW, LCSW, PLLC, is a licensed clinical social worker specializing in the field of sexual abuse and trauma. She has worked in this area for over 20 years starting with female adult survivors of sexual abuse and sexual assault and has dedicated much of her work to the area of sexual abuse, incest, perpetration and sexual acting out. She has extensive experience working with depression, anxiety, trauma, addictions, anger, violence and abuse.
(520) 704-9137 View (520) 704-9137
Photo of Nicole Schutzbank, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Nicole Schutzbank
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85701
Have you been feeling disconnected? Do you need help finding yourself again? If you need help finding your center, I can support you. I understand how anxiety, challenges, transitions, relationship issues, and stressors can negatively impact you and prevent fulfillment and balance. I want to help you reclaim your power to develop a more meaningful and purposeful life.
Have you been feeling disconnected? Do you need help finding yourself again? If you need help finding your center, I can support you. I understand how anxiety, challenges, transitions, relationship issues, and stressors can negatively impact you and prevent fulfillment and balance. I want to help you reclaim your power to develop a more meaningful and purposeful life.
(520) 277-3156 View (520) 277-3156
Photo of Steve Rosalik, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Steve Rosalik
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85716
Waitlist for new clients
Whether you need to do some healing or just want some help sorting yourself out, we can do that together. Anything from the very small (counseling) to the very large (trauma-focused psychotherapy with internal family systems or IFS), or doing energetic and somatic work (trauma and tension release exercises or TRE), I offer to follow or guide you on whatever journey you need to take. Part of this journey may be building skills or developing coping strategies. Another part may be forming a totally new relationship to whatever challenges you face, whether those challenges seem to be outside or inside of you.
Whether you need to do some healing or just want some help sorting yourself out, we can do that together. Anything from the very small (counseling) to the very large (trauma-focused psychotherapy with internal family systems or IFS), or doing energetic and somatic work (trauma and tension release exercises or TRE), I offer to follow or guide you on whatever journey you need to take. Part of this journey may be building skills or developing coping strategies. Another part may be forming a totally new relationship to whatever challenges you face, whether those challenges seem to be outside or inside of you.
(520) 591-9428 View (520) 591-9428

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tucson, AZ

900+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Tucson, AZ who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Self Esteem
79% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
67% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
67% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Tucson, AZ see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tucson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.