Therapists in Midlothian, VA

Photo of April Dunkum Fox, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Midlothian, VA
April Dunkum Fox
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Midlothian, VA 23114
April Dunkum Fox is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who has 27 years of experience in the mental health field. April sees children, adolescents, and adults for individual therapy and also provides family therapy. She works with clients who have experienced trauma and who struggle with anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anger, family conflict, and issues related to adoption. April has a passion for helping people heal, seeing families grow together, and seeing relationships improve.
April Dunkum Fox is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who has 27 years of experience in the mental health field. April sees children, adolescents, and adults for individual therapy and also provides family therapy. She works with clients who have experienced trauma and who struggle with anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anger, family conflict, and issues related to adoption. April has a passion for helping people heal, seeing families grow together, and seeing relationships improve.
(804) 408-4932 View (804) 408-4932
Photo of Sybil L. Robertson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Midlothian, VA
Sybil L. Robertson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Midlothian, VA 23112
I enjoy working with children from age 5 years to 18 years and women.
I enjoy working with children from age 5 years to 18 years and women.
(804) 451-4570 View (804) 451-4570
Photo of Indinesya Zhao, Licensed Professional Counselor in Midlothian, VA
Indinesya Zhao
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Midlothian, VA 23112  (Online Only)
When journaling, self-care, and quotes are no longer sufficient, it may be time to explore deeper avenues of healing and growth. As a therapist, I provide a safe and supportive space where we can delve into your innermost thoughts and feelings, uncovering the roots of challenges and discovering pathways to resilience and transformation. No matter what you’re facing, you deserve the support of a genuine advocate who wants to see you thrive!
When journaling, self-care, and quotes are no longer sufficient, it may be time to explore deeper avenues of healing and growth. As a therapist, I provide a safe and supportive space where we can delve into your innermost thoughts and feelings, uncovering the roots of challenges and discovering pathways to resilience and transformation. No matter what you’re facing, you deserve the support of a genuine advocate who wants to see you thrive!
(804) 492-0355 View (804) 492-0355
Photo of Kathy Bryant in Midlothian, VA
Kathy Bryant
MS, CPNP-PC, FNP-BC
Verified Verified
Midlothian, VA 23112
Kathy is a dual board-certified Nurse Practitioner, who is qualified to practice in pediatric and family healthcare. She received her Bachelors, Master’s and Post Master’s degrees from Virginia Commonwealth University. Her work experience includes: inpatient mental health, mother infant unit, pediatric primary care, nursing instructor, preceptor for nurse practitioner students and working in outpatient psychiatry treating adolescents and adults.
Kathy is a dual board-certified Nurse Practitioner, who is qualified to practice in pediatric and family healthcare. She received her Bachelors, Master’s and Post Master’s degrees from Virginia Commonwealth University. Her work experience includes: inpatient mental health, mother infant unit, pediatric primary care, nursing instructor, preceptor for nurse practitioner students and working in outpatient psychiatry treating adolescents and adults.
(804) 203-0543 View (804) 203-0543
Photo of Erin Tomlinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Midlothian, VA
Erin Tomlinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Midlothian, VA 23112
Hello, and welcome. My name is Erin and I am an LCSW with over 15 years of experience in my profession. My approach to therapy is collaborative, holistic and trauma-informed. Using techniques from evidenced-based modalities, I work with adults coping with life transitions, anxiety, depression, grief, chronic and terminal health conditions. As an EMDR trained therapist, I help clients process painful memories and experiences to achieve greater freedom and peace. I've been described as a warm, compassionate and non-judgmental professional and consider it an honor to accompany clients on their journey towards healing and wholeness.
Hello, and welcome. My name is Erin and I am an LCSW with over 15 years of experience in my profession. My approach to therapy is collaborative, holistic and trauma-informed. Using techniques from evidenced-based modalities, I work with adults coping with life transitions, anxiety, depression, grief, chronic and terminal health conditions. As an EMDR trained therapist, I help clients process painful memories and experiences to achieve greater freedom and peace. I've been described as a warm, compassionate and non-judgmental professional and consider it an honor to accompany clients on their journey towards healing and wholeness.
(804) 531-6841 View (804) 531-6841
Photo of Scott Kegley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Midlothian, VA
Scott Kegley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Midlothian, VA 23112
Are you having more difficult days than good days? Does life seems to be throwing everything and more your way? You want things to change but not sure where to start. I can help. With therapy comes confidential, honest, experienced, open-minded, empathetic support. It has been my life's passion to help people thrive not just survive. Start thriving: Success stands on the other side of your struggles so take the first step to improving your daily life. I take a person-centered approach and look forward to supporting you on your path to success.
Are you having more difficult days than good days? Does life seems to be throwing everything and more your way? You want things to change but not sure where to start. I can help. With therapy comes confidential, honest, experienced, open-minded, empathetic support. It has been my life's passion to help people thrive not just survive. Start thriving: Success stands on the other side of your struggles so take the first step to improving your daily life. I take a person-centered approach and look forward to supporting you on your path to success.
(804) 336-3407 View (804) 336-3407
Photo of Wade Puryear, Licensed Professional Counselor in Midlothian, VA
Wade Puryear
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Midlothian, VA 23112
Waitlist for new clients
I have had a long career working with families and individuals who are struggling with stressors in their life. Many times these are due to an adolescent or teenager who is having difficulty in the home or in school due ADHD, autism, anxiety, or anger management or a significant life event such as divorce, loss of job or death in the family.
I have had a long career working with families and individuals who are struggling with stressors in their life. Many times these are due to an adolescent or teenager who is having difficulty in the home or in school due ADHD, autism, anxiety, or anger management or a significant life event such as divorce, loss of job or death in the family.
(804) 376-8296 View (804) 376-8296
Photo of Michael Carter, Marriage & Family Therapist in Midlothian, VA
Michael Carter
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Midlothian, VA 23114  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have my Master of Divinity in Marriage & Family Therapy from Amridge University in Montgomery, Alabama. I have experience working with individuals & families from numerous cultural backgrounds as well as varying age groups. My experience also includes working with clients who are struggling with depression, anxiety, anger related issues, trauma, self-esteem issues, PTSD, substance abuse, behavioral problems, & parenting challenges. I am very knowledgeable about crisis related issues and has been working as a crisis counselor for the last several years.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have my Master of Divinity in Marriage & Family Therapy from Amridge University in Montgomery, Alabama. I have experience working with individuals & families from numerous cultural backgrounds as well as varying age groups. My experience also includes working with clients who are struggling with depression, anxiety, anger related issues, trauma, self-esteem issues, PTSD, substance abuse, behavioral problems, & parenting challenges. I am very knowledgeable about crisis related issues and has been working as a crisis counselor for the last several years.
(804) 390-8279 View (804) 390-8279
Photo of Jorden Anne Elliott, Licensed Professional Counselor in Midlothian, VA
Jorden Anne Elliott
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Midlothian, VA 23114
Have you ever found yourself second guessing every decision you make or feeling as if your life is spinning out of control? Starting your journey of healing can be scary, and I understand that. Whether you are feeling stagnant in your current circumstances or are experiencing fear, depression, anxiety, or traumatic experiences, remember hope was left in Pandora's box for us to hold tightly and to foster resiliency. I am a licensed professional counselor am I am here to walk with you through your journey of healing while you rediscover your hope while building resiliency. My practice is strengths based.
Have you ever found yourself second guessing every decision you make or feeling as if your life is spinning out of control? Starting your journey of healing can be scary, and I understand that. Whether you are feeling stagnant in your current circumstances or are experiencing fear, depression, anxiety, or traumatic experiences, remember hope was left in Pandora's box for us to hold tightly and to foster resiliency. I am a licensed professional counselor am I am here to walk with you through your journey of healing while you rediscover your hope while building resiliency. My practice is strengths based.
(804) 375-5870 View (804) 375-5870
Photo of Kendall Nibbs, Pre-Licensed Professional in Midlothian, VA
Kendall Nibbs
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS-CMHC
Verified Verified
Midlothian, VA 23114
Accepting New Clients - My style of therapy, Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) allows me to hone in on the emotionally driven nature of thoughts and behavior. This creates an avenue for us to work together on narrowing down the root emotions and cognitive processes associated with overall mood and behavior patterns. I have experience with diagnoses such as borderline personality disorder (BPD), bipolar I & II, adjustment disorders, and compulsive disorders. I also have experience working with couples who are navigating infertility issues, sexual dysfunction, and non-traditional relationship dynamics.
Accepting New Clients - My style of therapy, Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) allows me to hone in on the emotionally driven nature of thoughts and behavior. This creates an avenue for us to work together on narrowing down the root emotions and cognitive processes associated with overall mood and behavior patterns. I have experience with diagnoses such as borderline personality disorder (BPD), bipolar I & II, adjustment disorders, and compulsive disorders. I also have experience working with couples who are navigating infertility issues, sexual dysfunction, and non-traditional relationship dynamics.
(804) 251-3891 View (804) 251-3891
Photo of Ross Knode, Licensed Professional Counselor in Midlothian, VA
Ross Knode
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Midlothian, VA 23112
Are you struggling with your child or teen's behavioral outbursts or meltdowns? Do you feel completely lost and have no idea how to reach them or help them? If you do, and you feel you have exhausted all of your ideas, I can help.
Are you struggling with your child or teen's behavioral outbursts or meltdowns? Do you feel completely lost and have no idea how to reach them or help them? If you do, and you feel you have exhausted all of your ideas, I can help.
(804) 207-7149 View (804) 207-7149
Photo of Stephanie Miller, Pre-Licensed Professional in Midlothian, VA
Stephanie Miller
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Midlothian, VA 23112
Initiating positive change in your life can seem overwhelming but finding the right therapist for your healing journey doesn’t have to be. Studies reveal that the number one ingredient for success in therapy is a strong relationship between client and therapist. That's it. Skill and competency are important, but trust is essential. My approach is non-judgmental, supportive and compassionate; my goal is to help clients identify self-defeating thoughts and feelings and replace them with healthier, more productive beliefs.
Initiating positive change in your life can seem overwhelming but finding the right therapist for your healing journey doesn’t have to be. Studies reveal that the number one ingredient for success in therapy is a strong relationship between client and therapist. That's it. Skill and competency are important, but trust is essential. My approach is non-judgmental, supportive and compassionate; my goal is to help clients identify self-defeating thoughts and feelings and replace them with healthier, more productive beliefs.
(804) 596-6457 View (804) 596-6457
Photo of Olga Montgomery, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Midlothian, VA
Olga Montgomery
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Midlothian, VA 23112  (Online Only)
I'm Olga. I offer heartfelt therapy for women feeling lost in loss, who struggle with emotions, relationships, habits, and motherhood while grieving. I am passionate about working with women who believe their loss mattered, who feel unsettled by the "get over it" narrative, who want to honor their beloved without losing themselves in grief and need help. Therapy with me will build your inner ability to be present with the people and places you love, to feel feelings, to connect with what matters most to you and move towards that meaningfully, and to compassionately care for yourself through grief and all seasons of life.
I'm Olga. I offer heartfelt therapy for women feeling lost in loss, who struggle with emotions, relationships, habits, and motherhood while grieving. I am passionate about working with women who believe their loss mattered, who feel unsettled by the "get over it" narrative, who want to honor their beloved without losing themselves in grief and need help. Therapy with me will build your inner ability to be present with the people and places you love, to feel feelings, to connect with what matters most to you and move towards that meaningfully, and to compassionately care for yourself through grief and all seasons of life.
(804) 404-6008 View (804) 404-6008
Photo of Chanel Hudson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Midlothian, VA
Chanel Hudson
Pre-Licensed Professional, SISW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Midlothian, VA 23112
I have experience in individual, family and group counseling. My therapeutic approach is person-centered, which focuses personal growth through increasing self-esteem and self acceptance and decreasing feelings of guilt, shame and regret. My goal as a therapist, is to provide a non-judgmental environment conducive for healing and honest self-exploration. I work with clients to identify what thought patterns or behaviors may be preventing them from experiencing life to its' fullest, defining what steps need to be taken to create the experiences they want, and finding ways to cope with life's stressors, as they arise.
I have experience in individual, family and group counseling. My therapeutic approach is person-centered, which focuses personal growth through increasing self-esteem and self acceptance and decreasing feelings of guilt, shame and regret. My goal as a therapist, is to provide a non-judgmental environment conducive for healing and honest self-exploration. I work with clients to identify what thought patterns or behaviors may be preventing them from experiencing life to its' fullest, defining what steps need to be taken to create the experiences they want, and finding ways to cope with life's stressors, as they arise.
(804) 408-4827 View (804) 408-4827
RVA Counseling Associates
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC , CSOTP
Verified Verified
Midlothian, VA 23112
Welcome! My name is Felicia. I have had the pleasure of mental health field since starting my career in 2005. During this time, I have had the opportunity to work with culturally diverse adolescents and adults of all ages, dealing with various life stressors and mental health concerns. I intentionally run a small private practice to provide a focused client-centered approach to support the journey of healing and balance. If your desire healing, authenticity, and balance to live your best life.
Welcome! My name is Felicia. I have had the pleasure of mental health field since starting my career in 2005. During this time, I have had the opportunity to work with culturally diverse adolescents and adults of all ages, dealing with various life stressors and mental health concerns. I intentionally run a small private practice to provide a focused client-centered approach to support the journey of healing and balance. If your desire healing, authenticity, and balance to live your best life.
(804) 492-7174 View (804) 492-7174
Photo of Christine Myers, Marriage & Family Therapist in Midlothian, VA
Christine Myers
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Midlothian, VA 23114
Christine Myers is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who specializes in working with individuals, couples, and families. She received a Bachelor’s degree in Human Development from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and a Master’s degree in Marriage and Family Therapy from East Carolina University. Christine also possesses training in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy that concentrates on identifying, addressing, and healing from childhood trauma.
Christine Myers is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who specializes in working with individuals, couples, and families. She received a Bachelor’s degree in Human Development from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and a Master’s degree in Marriage and Family Therapy from East Carolina University. Christine also possesses training in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy that concentrates on identifying, addressing, and healing from childhood trauma.
(804) 825-2838 View (804) 825-2838
Taylor Gotovac
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Midlothian, VA 23114
I am a clinical psychologist with years of experience providing therapeutic and assessment services. I obtained my undergraduate degree from UCLA (Magna Cum Laude), my master’s degree in clinical psychology from Columbia University, and my doctoral degree from the Chicago School of Professional Psychology. I completed my APA accredited predoctoral internship at The Help Group in Sherman Oaks, CA where I provided therapeutic services and completed comprehensive psychological and neurodevelopment evaluations for children and adolescents in both school-based and outpatient settings.
I am a clinical psychologist with years of experience providing therapeutic and assessment services. I obtained my undergraduate degree from UCLA (Magna Cum Laude), my master’s degree in clinical psychology from Columbia University, and my doctoral degree from the Chicago School of Professional Psychology. I completed my APA accredited predoctoral internship at The Help Group in Sherman Oaks, CA where I provided therapeutic services and completed comprehensive psychological and neurodevelopment evaluations for children and adolescents in both school-based and outpatient settings.
(804) 265-4382 View (804) 265-4382
Photo of Angelica Gehlich, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Midlothian, VA
Angelica Gehlich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Midlothian, VA 23112
Waitlist for new clients
Look at you for making the first step in empowering yourself to live your best life! Now that you are here, take the next step and reach out and we can chat about what goals you have and what you are most interested in accomplishing together. I value all the work that you’ve done to get here today and all the effort that you continue to put into your mental health. I will trust you to be the expert of yourself and I will always encourage you to accept some help along the way. I am an LGBTQIA+ / gender / identity -affirming therapist and I specialize in working with people who have experienced traumatic events throughout their lives.
Look at you for making the first step in empowering yourself to live your best life! Now that you are here, take the next step and reach out and we can chat about what goals you have and what you are most interested in accomplishing together. I value all the work that you’ve done to get here today and all the effort that you continue to put into your mental health. I will trust you to be the expert of yourself and I will always encourage you to accept some help along the way. I am an LGBTQIA+ / gender / identity -affirming therapist and I specialize in working with people who have experienced traumatic events throughout their lives.
(804) 294-4625 View (804) 294-4625
Photo of Health In Mind, Licensed Professional Counselor in Midlothian, VA
Health In Mind
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Midlothian, VA 23113
Our paths are different, but as humans we are one. We live & love the best we can, all in pursuit of peace... of mind and heart. Oftentimes, the path is unclear but searching this website is an AMAZING first step. If you're experiencing uncontrollable worry, racing thoughts, sadness, irritability, or just flat out need an accepting ear to help organize your thoughts and feelings, Health in Mind is here for you! Our practice works with youth, adults, parents, couples, and families. We strive to serve all with compassion, consistency, and respect - and hope to add value to your life with every interaction, from hello to farewell.
Our paths are different, but as humans we are one. We live & love the best we can, all in pursuit of peace... of mind and heart. Oftentimes, the path is unclear but searching this website is an AMAZING first step. If you're experiencing uncontrollable worry, racing thoughts, sadness, irritability, or just flat out need an accepting ear to help organize your thoughts and feelings, Health in Mind is here for you! Our practice works with youth, adults, parents, couples, and families. We strive to serve all with compassion, consistency, and respect - and hope to add value to your life with every interaction, from hello to farewell.
(804) 531-4044 View (804) 531-4044
Photo of Lisette Edwards, Licensed Professional Counselor in Midlothian, VA
Lisette Edwards
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Midlothian, VA 23114
Lisette Edwards is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 5 years of counseling experience working in a variety of settings, including outpatient therapy, schools, community mental health, and crisis counseling. She has treated adults, adolescents, and children seeking help with mood disorders, severe mental illness, PTSD/ trauma, anxiety, stress management, relationships issues, substance use, adjustment disorders, and life transitions. Lisette studied at the University of Puget Sound in Tacoma, WA for her Bachelor’s of Arts degree and Argosy University in Arlington, VA for her Master’s degree in Community Counseling.
Lisette Edwards is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 5 years of counseling experience working in a variety of settings, including outpatient therapy, schools, community mental health, and crisis counseling. She has treated adults, adolescents, and children seeking help with mood disorders, severe mental illness, PTSD/ trauma, anxiety, stress management, relationships issues, substance use, adjustment disorders, and life transitions. Lisette studied at the University of Puget Sound in Tacoma, WA for her Bachelor’s of Arts degree and Argosy University in Arlington, VA for her Master’s degree in Community Counseling.
(804) 902-2938 View (804) 902-2938

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Midlothian, VA

300+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Midlothian, VA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
72% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
68% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Anthem | Elevance
80% Cigna and Evernorth
76% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Midlothian, VA see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Midlothian?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.