Therapists in Toledo, OH

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Photo of Marcia Kane, LPCC, CEAP, CFRC
Marcia Kane
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, CEAP, CFRC
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43617
Everyone needs help navigating life sometimes. If you are struggling to cope with parts of your past, wanting to make a change, getting stuck in the loop of maladaptive behaviors, or just feeling overwhelmed with life, counseling can be a great place to get relief from burdens holding you back and a place to make room for personal growth. My goal is to provide you with an emotionally safe place to work through your struggles, help you gain deeper insight and clarity into your problems, and deliver evidenced based treatment approaches.
Everyone needs help navigating life sometimes. If you are struggling to cope with parts of your past, wanting to make a change, getting stuck in the loop of maladaptive behaviors, or just feeling overwhelmed with life, counseling can be a great place to get relief from burdens holding you back and a place to make room for personal growth. My goal is to provide you with an emotionally safe place to work through your struggles, help you gain deeper insight and clarity into your problems, and deliver evidenced based treatment approaches.
(419) 963-4654 View (419) 963-4654
Photo of Mikaela Buck, MA, LPCC, CCTP-II, Counselor
Mikaela Buck
Counselor, MA, LPCC, CCTP-II
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
As a neurodivergent therapist, creating a space where you feel safe, heard, understood, and able to be your most authentic self is of utmost importance to me. I value providing compassion, accountability, and a collaborative approach throughout the therapy process. My name is Mikaela (she/her) and I work with individuals ages 14 and up, specializing in trauma, PTSD, self-esteem, anxiety, depression, and neurodivergence. I am a LGBTQIA+ affirming, neurodivergent affirming, and culturally inclusive therapist.
As a neurodivergent therapist, creating a space where you feel safe, heard, understood, and able to be your most authentic self is of utmost importance to me. I value providing compassion, accountability, and a collaborative approach throughout the therapy process. My name is Mikaela (she/her) and I work with individuals ages 14 and up, specializing in trauma, PTSD, self-esteem, anxiety, depression, and neurodivergence. I am a LGBTQIA+ affirming, neurodivergent affirming, and culturally inclusive therapist.
(419) 506-5602 View (419) 506-5602
Photo of Madison Grana, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Madison Grana
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
Hi! I'm Madison and I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Ohio. My therapy style is authentic, encouraging, empathetic, and validating. In therapy, we will work as a team to process and reflect on experiences while identifying and validating emotions. My goal as a therapist is to provide an open-minded and non-judgmental environment so that you feel capable of navigating the healing process. I will help to guide you through challenges to empower you to understand your strengths which can help you address problems that you are experiencing.
Hi! I'm Madison and I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Ohio. My therapy style is authentic, encouraging, empathetic, and validating. In therapy, we will work as a team to process and reflect on experiences while identifying and validating emotions. My goal as a therapist is to provide an open-minded and non-judgmental environment so that you feel capable of navigating the healing process. I will help to guide you through challenges to empower you to understand your strengths which can help you address problems that you are experiencing.
(419) 780-8360 View (419) 780-8360
Photo of Lauren Pringle, MSW, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lauren Pringle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
Accepting new clients! Email is the best form of contact for me. Lauren may be a good fit if you feel stuck in a relationship, you feel overwhelmed and disconnected as a parent, have a child with behavioral struggles, or are having difficulty making and/or keeping relationships with others. She may be a good fit if you are a new mom, a young professional, or you struggle with self-confidence and trusting yourself. As well as, if you have trouble balancing your work and home life. Clients appreciate her gentle, engaging, and sometimes humorous approach in therapy. She states that- Everyone deserves a
Accepting new clients! Email is the best form of contact for me. Lauren may be a good fit if you feel stuck in a relationship, you feel overwhelmed and disconnected as a parent, have a child with behavioral struggles, or are having difficulty making and/or keeping relationships with others. She may be a good fit if you are a new mom, a young professional, or you struggle with self-confidence and trusting yourself. As well as, if you have trouble balancing your work and home life. Clients appreciate her gentle, engaging, and sometimes humorous approach in therapy. She states that- Everyone deserves a
(419) 567-8168 View (419) 567-8168
Photo of Ashley Reichlin, LISW-S, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ashley Reichlin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43606  (Online Only)
No matter how we try to prevent it, life often throws challenges our way. It's okay to acknowledge life's challenges. It's okay to talk to someone about your struggles. Embrace challenge. Embrace change.
No matter how we try to prevent it, life often throws challenges our way. It's okay to acknowledge life's challenges. It's okay to talk to someone about your struggles. Embrace challenge. Embrace change.
(419) 548-5380 View (419) 548-5380
Photo of Jarrod Cunningham, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Jarrod Cunningham
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43623
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I'm Jarrod Cunningham, a compassionate licensed therapist dedicated to guiding individuals on their journey towards emotional well-being. With a background in college, community, and private practice counseling, I specialize in anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation. My approach is rooted in empathy, active listening, and evidence-based therapeutic modalities. Together, we can explore and navigate challenges to foster personal growth and resilience. I'm committed to creating a safe and supportive space where you can share, reflect, and work towards positive change. Let's embark on this therapeutic journey together.
Welcome! I'm Jarrod Cunningham, a compassionate licensed therapist dedicated to guiding individuals on their journey towards emotional well-being. With a background in college, community, and private practice counseling, I specialize in anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation. My approach is rooted in empathy, active listening, and evidence-based therapeutic modalities. Together, we can explore and navigate challenges to foster personal growth and resilience. I'm committed to creating a safe and supportive space where you can share, reflect, and work towards positive change. Let's embark on this therapeutic journey together.
(419) 845-8924 View (419) 845-8924
Photo of Leonna Jackson - The Heart’s Haven Counseling (Leonna Jackson), MSW, LISW-S, LICDC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
The Heart’s Haven Counseling (Leonna Jackson)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S, LICDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43606
6/23/24 Accepting Clients (please visit our website). Where do you go when your heart needs a safe place? Dealing with depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, and all the unexpected stresses of life is hard, especially alone. At The Heart's Haven we specialize in providing a safe and comfortable space to sort through life's issues and take some pressure off of your mind and heart. I provide a confidential haven to support you in learning how to love and take care of yourself. "Life doesn’t get easier or more forgiving, we get stronger and more resilient.”
6/23/24 Accepting Clients (please visit our website). Where do you go when your heart needs a safe place? Dealing with depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, and all the unexpected stresses of life is hard, especially alone. At The Heart's Haven we specialize in providing a safe and comfortable space to sort through life's issues and take some pressure off of your mind and heart. I provide a confidential haven to support you in learning how to love and take care of yourself. "Life doesn’t get easier or more forgiving, we get stronger and more resilient.”
(419) 518-5738 View (419) 518-5738
Photo of Latoya Barlow, MSW, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Latoya Barlow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
Currently accepting new clients! Therapy is not an easy process, and I know that reaching out for help is hard. Look at you - You have already taken the first step! If you struggle with depression, anxiety, trauma, self-esteem issues, or significant life changes- I'd love for you to reach out. My ultimate goal is to make therapy more approachable so that I can help you live the life you want to (and if you don't know what that is-I'll help with that too!). My office is a judgement-free zone. I can help you identify the tools towards your healing journey and encourage you to find your soul and become the best version of yourself.
Currently accepting new clients! Therapy is not an easy process, and I know that reaching out for help is hard. Look at you - You have already taken the first step! If you struggle with depression, anxiety, trauma, self-esteem issues, or significant life changes- I'd love for you to reach out. My ultimate goal is to make therapy more approachable so that I can help you live the life you want to (and if you don't know what that is-I'll help with that too!). My office is a judgement-free zone. I can help you identify the tools towards your healing journey and encourage you to find your soul and become the best version of yourself.
(419) 513-8097 View (419) 513-8097
Photo of Lauren Ellison, MA, LPC, Counselor
Lauren Ellison
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
Pain can be inevitable. Maybe you have hurt from a relationship, experienced trauma, are battling addiction, or are struggling with your sense of purpose. Maybe you struggle with low self esteem, body image, anxiety, or depression. Maybe you feel stuck. Choosing to be vulnerable by telling your story and having the courage to write new chapters may be the most courageous thing you ever do. It may also be the very thing that helps you find the help and healing you’re looking for.
Pain can be inevitable. Maybe you have hurt from a relationship, experienced trauma, are battling addiction, or are struggling with your sense of purpose. Maybe you struggle with low self esteem, body image, anxiety, or depression. Maybe you feel stuck. Choosing to be vulnerable by telling your story and having the courage to write new chapters may be the most courageous thing you ever do. It may also be the very thing that helps you find the help and healing you’re looking for.
(419) 724-4233 View (419) 724-4233
Photo of Charlene Taylor, MA, LPC, ATR-BC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Charlene Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
Not accepting new clients
My focus as a helper involves use of both traditional talk therapies and arts-based counseling interventions. The first step is sometimes difficult to make but I am here to help. Please call to schedule your first appointment. If you do not have insurance at this time and need an affordable option, I do also offer a reduced rate.
My focus as a helper involves use of both traditional talk therapies and arts-based counseling interventions. The first step is sometimes difficult to make but I am here to help. Please call to schedule your first appointment. If you do not have insurance at this time and need an affordable option, I do also offer a reduced rate.
(419) 318-0779 View (419) 318-0779
Photo of Gina Lombardi, Psychologist
Gina Lombardi
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43615  (Online Only)
I have been practicing for 25 years now working in various mental health settings as well as with a Christian perspective. When looking back over all of those years, I really have witnessed the result of change and trauma in people's lives and have also had the pleasure of seeing the healing that can occur.
I have been practicing for 25 years now working in various mental health settings as well as with a Christian perspective. When looking back over all of those years, I really have witnessed the result of change and trauma in people's lives and have also had the pleasure of seeing the healing that can occur.
(419) 273-6899 View (419) 273-6899
Photo of Donna Croniser, LPCC-S, MEd, Counselor
Donna Croniser
Counselor, LPCC-S, MEd
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
Life is a series of transitions and changes. Often times it is difficult to navigate through these times with the challenges they bring personally and in our relationships with each other. I bring over 30 years of experience and insights to help you successfully manage and experience your world. I work with individuals, couples and families. When it is appropriate to do so, I prefer to work in a family systems context, giving the greatest potential for success.
Life is a series of transitions and changes. Often times it is difficult to navigate through these times with the challenges they bring personally and in our relationships with each other. I bring over 30 years of experience and insights to help you successfully manage and experience your world. I work with individuals, couples and families. When it is appropriate to do so, I prefer to work in a family systems context, giving the greatest potential for success.
(419) 318-1458 View (419) 318-1458
Photo of Christina Hancock, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christina Hancock
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43615
I am a clinical social worker with experience working with individuals, couples, and families, assisting people with many concerns including relationship challenges, improving communication skills, dealing with anxiety, depression, and grief. I also have experience working with sexual and domestic violence abusers and victims. I am certified in EMDR Therapy, Level I Sensorimotor Psychotherapy, and have taken many trainings in IFS and DBT. I believe trauma is stored in the mind as well as the body. I believe it is important to use current resources and develop new resources to deal with the challenges that appear in our path.
I am a clinical social worker with experience working with individuals, couples, and families, assisting people with many concerns including relationship challenges, improving communication skills, dealing with anxiety, depression, and grief. I also have experience working with sexual and domestic violence abusers and victims. I am certified in EMDR Therapy, Level I Sensorimotor Psychotherapy, and have taken many trainings in IFS and DBT. I believe trauma is stored in the mind as well as the body. I believe it is important to use current resources and develop new resources to deal with the challenges that appear in our path.
(419) 318-1469 View (419) 318-1469
Photo of Sarah Erd, LPCC-S, RPT, Counselor
Sarah Erd
Counselor, LPCC-S, RPT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43606
Children face their own dilemmas. Which can make them feel overwhelmed, frustrated, impulsive, or anxious and act out. I use a child's natural language of play to explore these feelings with them and their families. I believe that the best therapy and care comes from a safe, trusting and nurturing environment and relationship. I am here to help your child and family learn to heal from traumatic events and everyday stressors. I have completed education and training to be a credentialed Registered Play Therapist. I received my MA in Community Counseling from Siena Heights, in 2010.
Children face their own dilemmas. Which can make them feel overwhelmed, frustrated, impulsive, or anxious and act out. I use a child's natural language of play to explore these feelings with them and their families. I believe that the best therapy and care comes from a safe, trusting and nurturing environment and relationship. I am here to help your child and family learn to heal from traumatic events and everyday stressors. I have completed education and training to be a credentialed Registered Play Therapist. I received my MA in Community Counseling from Siena Heights, in 2010.
(567) 236-8264 View (567) 236-8264
Photo of Victoria Boraggina, MAC, MCJ, LPCC, Counselor
Victoria Boraggina
Counselor, MAC, MCJ, LPCC
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
The journey through life can be challenging and lonely at times. Your sight becomes blurred and you search for answers. Let me take your hand and walk with you. I specialize in trauma, LGBTIQ issues, abuse, and narcissistic abuse. I offer support groups for depression, narcissistic abuse, and teen support groups. The first step is often the most difficult but hope is on the horizon.
The journey through life can be challenging and lonely at times. Your sight becomes blurred and you search for answers. Let me take your hand and walk with you. I specialize in trauma, LGBTIQ issues, abuse, and narcissistic abuse. I offer support groups for depression, narcissistic abuse, and teen support groups. The first step is often the most difficult but hope is on the horizon.
(567) 226-3432 View (567) 226-3432
Photo of Rachel K Daley, MSW, LISW, ADHD-, CCSP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel K Daley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW, ADHD-, CCSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43606  (Online Only)
I believe in meeting an individual where they are at with the understanding that everybody has had a different life experience. I take a nonjudgmental stance and encourage those I work with to find humor and light, while also validating the hardships they've endured, giving them support and tools to overcome those challenges and emotionally heal. While my caseload is diverse in client needs, an emerging focus of my practice is supporting individuals and family of individuals with ADHD who are working on understanding how their neurodivergent brains have played a role in their lives, exploring both the victories and the struggles.
I believe in meeting an individual where they are at with the understanding that everybody has had a different life experience. I take a nonjudgmental stance and encourage those I work with to find humor and light, while also validating the hardships they've endured, giving them support and tools to overcome those challenges and emotionally heal. While my caseload is diverse in client needs, an emerging focus of my practice is supporting individuals and family of individuals with ADHD who are working on understanding how their neurodivergent brains have played a role in their lives, exploring both the victories and the struggles.
(419) 601-6105 View (419) 601-6105
Photo of Emily Ellis, LPC, LPSP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Emily Ellis
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LPSP
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
Life can be stressful and confusing. Emily believes that personal peace is gained through learning to listen to the needs of our minds and bodies and expressing those needs effectively. Through education and technique practice Emily aims to help clients manage challenging mental health symptoms that impact their lives. By creating a safe and reliable environment, Emily encourages clients learn the tools needed to explore their internal world and set personal goals. She is described as a calm, relatable, and empowering counselor who focuses on the goals of each individual.
Life can be stressful and confusing. Emily believes that personal peace is gained through learning to listen to the needs of our minds and bodies and expressing those needs effectively. Through education and technique practice Emily aims to help clients manage challenging mental health symptoms that impact their lives. By creating a safe and reliable environment, Emily encourages clients learn the tools needed to explore their internal world and set personal goals. She is described as a calm, relatable, and empowering counselor who focuses on the goals of each individual.
(419) 664-6460 View (419) 664-6460
Photo of Katherine Boyer, MSW, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katherine Boyer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
I am an independent clinician through Toledo Counceling & Mental Health. I have experience working with children and adults suffering a variety of concerns such as, anxiety, depression, PTSD, ADHD, personality and mood disorders, relational conflicts, grief, and emotion regulation. When working together, I will give you sufficient time to express yourself so we both can better understand you. My hope is that when you first meet me you find me attentive, compassionate, and friendly within a safe and private space where you can begin to heal. I focus on meeting you where you are and walk with you through the healing process.
I am an independent clinician through Toledo Counceling & Mental Health. I have experience working with children and adults suffering a variety of concerns such as, anxiety, depression, PTSD, ADHD, personality and mood disorders, relational conflicts, grief, and emotion regulation. When working together, I will give you sufficient time to express yourself so we both can better understand you. My hope is that when you first meet me you find me attentive, compassionate, and friendly within a safe and private space where you can begin to heal. I focus on meeting you where you are and walk with you through the healing process.
(419) 963-3740 View (419) 963-3740
Photo of Amanda Sherry, MA, LPCC-S, Counselor
Amanda Sherry
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43617
Whether you are experiencing difficulty because of painful experiences from childhood, more recent, or current circumstances that have led to stress, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, emotional issues, co-dependency, loss/grief, trauma, and relationship issues -- I would love to help. I strive to create a relaxed and accepting environment that allows you to explore not only your struggles but strengths as well. I believe that everyone is the expert of their own life and should feel empowered to create their own peace and live authentically.
Whether you are experiencing difficulty because of painful experiences from childhood, more recent, or current circumstances that have led to stress, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, emotional issues, co-dependency, loss/grief, trauma, and relationship issues -- I would love to help. I strive to create a relaxed and accepting environment that allows you to explore not only your struggles but strengths as well. I believe that everyone is the expert of their own life and should feel empowered to create their own peace and live authentically.
(419) 969-6144 View (419) 969-6144
Photo of Kaitlyn Bachmann, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kaitlyn Bachmann
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
Hello! My name is Kaitlyn, and I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker with a Master’s Degree from Loyola University Chicago (MSW, LISW-S). My goal is to start with you wherever you are in your healing process and assist you throughout your journey by providing an empathetic, safe space for you to be able to express yourself. Not only can I help you with addressing various thoughts and feelings related to mental health, but I can also provide broader ideas that might provide you with different ways of thinking about your wellbeing to better assist you in your journey.
Hello! My name is Kaitlyn, and I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker with a Master’s Degree from Loyola University Chicago (MSW, LISW-S). My goal is to start with you wherever you are in your healing process and assist you throughout your journey by providing an empathetic, safe space for you to be able to express yourself. Not only can I help you with addressing various thoughts and feelings related to mental health, but I can also provide broader ideas that might provide you with different ways of thinking about your wellbeing to better assist you in your journey.
(419) 780-3066 View (419) 780-3066
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Toledo, OH

400+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Toledo, OH who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
91% Depression
76% Trauma and PTSD
75% Stress
69% Self Esteem
68% Relationship Issues
63% Grief

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
75% Medical Mutual
75% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Toledo, OH see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Toledo?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.