Therapists in Hamilton, OH

Photo of Marjorie Melchreit, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marjorie Melchreit
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45011  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker in the State of Ohio with over 25 years of experience working as a social worker. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, medical issues, grief, career challenges as well as alcohol addiction recovery. I also help many people navigate workplace concerns. My approach combines cognitive-behavioral, and solution focused counseling. We can tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Sometimes we have issues when we know exactly what to do.
I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker in the State of Ohio with over 25 years of experience working as a social worker. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, medical issues, grief, career challenges as well as alcohol addiction recovery. I also help many people navigate workplace concerns. My approach combines cognitive-behavioral, and solution focused counseling. We can tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Sometimes we have issues when we know exactly what to do.
View
Photo of Eric Eichler, Licensed Professional Counselor
Eric Eichler
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45013  (Online Only)
I've been a therapist for a little over 10 years. I've done intensive in-home family therapy, group induvial and family therapy in a pediatric mental hospital where I was an assistant unit director and provided supervision to other therapists. In the past I taught anger management classes to kids, taught divorce classes to divorcing parents, and relationship classes to single and married people in the past. Online I've worked with kids as well as done a fair amount of couples counseling.
I've been a therapist for a little over 10 years. I've done intensive in-home family therapy, group induvial and family therapy in a pediatric mental hospital where I was an assistant unit director and provided supervision to other therapists. In the past I taught anger management classes to kids, taught divorce classes to divorcing parents, and relationship classes to single and married people in the past. Online I've worked with kids as well as done a fair amount of couples counseling.
(330) 486-8739 View (330) 486-8739
Photo of Kerri McLaughlin, LPCC
Kerri McLaughlin
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45013
Waitlist for new clients
I am a licensed professional clinical counselor with more than 15 years' experience working with children and families throughout Butler County. My practice is currently located in the city of Hamilton and provides play-based counseling services to children and youth ages 5-20. Please contact me to ask any questions or to make an appointment.
I am a licensed professional clinical counselor with more than 15 years' experience working with children and families throughout Butler County. My practice is currently located in the city of Hamilton and provides play-based counseling services to children and youth ages 5-20. Please contact me to ask any questions or to make an appointment.
(513) 506-9416 View (513) 506-9416
Photo of Laura Kidd, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Laura Kidd
Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45011  (Online Only)
My name is Laura and I am a counselor who is committed to helping others create healthier lives. I often hear from my clients that my calm nature helps them relax and feel safe in the therapy space. I use a combination of cognitive and motivational strategies to help you meet your goals or solve your problems. I specialize in treating a variety of concerns including depression, anxiety, addiction and enjoy working with a variety of clients including older adults. I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Licensed Independent Chemical Dependency Counselor.
My name is Laura and I am a counselor who is committed to helping others create healthier lives. I often hear from my clients that my calm nature helps them relax and feel safe in the therapy space. I use a combination of cognitive and motivational strategies to help you meet your goals or solve your problems. I specialize in treating a variety of concerns including depression, anxiety, addiction and enjoy working with a variety of clients including older adults. I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Licensed Independent Chemical Dependency Counselor.
(440) 379-8857 View (440) 379-8857
Photo of Natalie Policani, MA, MAR, LPCC-S
Natalie Policani
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, MAR, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hamilton, OH 45011
I provide a safe, nonjudgmental space for you to process through the difficulties you are going through in life, whether it be mental health (ADHD, Bipolar, Depression, Anxiety), relationship struggles, cultural issues, attachment difficulties, past trauma and/or divorce. I use reflective listening and empathy, and can aid you in working through your thought and emotion patterns (using both CBT (cognitive-behavior therapy) and EFT (emotionally-focused therapy). A passion of mine is to help empower people to be the best version of themselves to have a voice, learn how to be their authentic self and navigate culture.
I provide a safe, nonjudgmental space for you to process through the difficulties you are going through in life, whether it be mental health (ADHD, Bipolar, Depression, Anxiety), relationship struggles, cultural issues, attachment difficulties, past trauma and/or divorce. I use reflective listening and empathy, and can aid you in working through your thought and emotion patterns (using both CBT (cognitive-behavior therapy) and EFT (emotionally-focused therapy). A passion of mine is to help empower people to be the best version of themselves to have a voice, learn how to be their authentic self and navigate culture.
View
Photo of Tanisha Richardson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tanisha Richardson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45013  (Online Only)
Greetings and gratitude on this journey of enhancing your life. My name is Tanisha and I obtained a Masters in social work, and have been a practicing clinician since 2017. I Graduated from Walden University and decided to continue my education as a candidate for PhD in Human Service. I have professional, therapeutic experience in community mental health counseling working with severe mental disorders (SMD). I have significant experience working with teens and adults who are navigating through their mental irregularities.
Greetings and gratitude on this journey of enhancing your life. My name is Tanisha and I obtained a Masters in social work, and have been a practicing clinician since 2017. I Graduated from Walden University and decided to continue my education as a candidate for PhD in Human Service. I have professional, therapeutic experience in community mental health counseling working with severe mental disorders (SMD). I have significant experience working with teens and adults who are navigating through their mental irregularities.
(216) 284-8805 View (216) 284-8805
Photo of G. Stephan Hyatt, LISW, EMDR-, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
G. Stephan Hyatt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW, EMDR-
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hamilton, OH 45011
The essence of therapy is meeting the person where they are, without judgement or preconceived ideas. When troubled by depression, personal, family or job related issues, finding someone that provides mental health care is an important first step. Many people are hesitant to enter therapy and often struggle with their problems on their own for a period of time, sometimes for months or even years, before seeking help. Although difficult, it is important to take the time necessary to find a therapist who can best meet your needs. Call today to take that first step to enhanced mental health.
The essence of therapy is meeting the person where they are, without judgement or preconceived ideas. When troubled by depression, personal, family or job related issues, finding someone that provides mental health care is an important first step. Many people are hesitant to enter therapy and often struggle with their problems on their own for a period of time, sometimes for months or even years, before seeking help. Although difficult, it is important to take the time necessary to find a therapist who can best meet your needs. Call today to take that first step to enhanced mental health.
(513) 718-4867 View (513) 718-4867
Photo of Chavonne Wagner, MS, LPCC, LCDCIII
Chavonne Wagner
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MS, LPCC, LCDCIII
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45013
“Perhaps the greatest risk any of us will ever take is to be seen as we really are.” Cinderella Hello my name is Chavonne Wagner I am dual diagnosing counselor, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Licensed Independent Chemical Dependency Counselor in the state of Ohio. I have experience working in private, and public school setting with children and adults. I counsel adults suffering from depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders, substance abuse, low self esteem, grief, and other core issues. TeleHealth is also an option.
“Perhaps the greatest risk any of us will ever take is to be seen as we really are.” Cinderella Hello my name is Chavonne Wagner I am dual diagnosing counselor, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Licensed Independent Chemical Dependency Counselor in the state of Ohio. I have experience working in private, and public school setting with children and adults. I counsel adults suffering from depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders, substance abuse, low self esteem, grief, and other core issues. TeleHealth is also an option.
(877) 959-7933 View (877) 959-7933
Photo of Karita Nussbaum, PhD, LICDC, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Karita Nussbaum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LICDC, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hamilton, OH 45011  (Online Only)
I have a PhD in Counseling Psychology and masters in social work, I’m a Licensed Independent Social Worker and Licensed Independent Chemical Dependence Counselor. I like to help anyone find solutions to their problems, manage difficult feelings, and reach their goals. I also enjoy helping both youth and adults increase communication. I use a variety of therapy techniques including motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, rational emotive therapy, gestalt, and psychodynamic primarily. I generally do what I can to help clients reach their treatment goals.
I have a PhD in Counseling Psychology and masters in social work, I’m a Licensed Independent Social Worker and Licensed Independent Chemical Dependence Counselor. I like to help anyone find solutions to their problems, manage difficult feelings, and reach their goals. I also enjoy helping both youth and adults increase communication. I use a variety of therapy techniques including motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, rational emotive therapy, gestalt, and psychodynamic primarily. I generally do what I can to help clients reach their treatment goals.
(513) 647-5645 View (513) 647-5645
Photo of Melissa Stavana, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Stavana
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45013  (Online Only)
Optimism is the foundation of courage.” As a therapist, I strive to help clients find hope. The world may not always present us with rainbows and sunshine, and we must process and name the storms we endure. I knew I wanted to be a therapist when my family and I were enduring multiple storms and found value in having someone outside of my family to talk to about it all. I wanted to help others feel less alone, and to know that their thoughts/feelings/behaviors tied to the storm are likely pretty normal. It’s normal to feel stuck sometimes, and my hope is that our work in counseling lends to you feeling unstuck.
Optimism is the foundation of courage.” As a therapist, I strive to help clients find hope. The world may not always present us with rainbows and sunshine, and we must process and name the storms we endure. I knew I wanted to be a therapist when my family and I were enduring multiple storms and found value in having someone outside of my family to talk to about it all. I wanted to help others feel less alone, and to know that their thoughts/feelings/behaviors tied to the storm are likely pretty normal. It’s normal to feel stuck sometimes, and my hope is that our work in counseling lends to you feeling unstuck.
(380) 228-8723 View (380) 228-8723
Photo of Jamie Matthews, LPCC, LMHC
Jamie Matthews
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45011  (Online Only)
Imagine feeling overwhelmed by persistent anxiety, depression, or challenging relationships. You might be struggling to manage daily stressors or finding it hard to move past traumatic experiences. Your goal is to regain control, find peace, and build healthier relationships. You want a compassionate, experienced therapist who understands your struggles and can guide you toward meaningful change. You seek someone who can help you stay focused on the present while also addressing past issues that may be holding you back.
Imagine feeling overwhelmed by persistent anxiety, depression, or challenging relationships. You might be struggling to manage daily stressors or finding it hard to move past traumatic experiences. Your goal is to regain control, find peace, and build healthier relationships. You want a compassionate, experienced therapist who understands your struggles and can guide you toward meaningful change. You seek someone who can help you stay focused on the present while also addressing past issues that may be holding you back.
(513) 438-8540 View (513) 438-8540
Photo of Cassie Kingan, BA, MS, LPCC-S
Cassie Kingan
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor , BA, MS, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Hamilton, OH 45011  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Sorry... NOT accepting new clients at this time! Welcome! I love being a therapist and assisting clients through anxiety, depression, PTSD, chronic illness/pain, career/education/life transitions, LGBTQIA+, neurodiversity, Partners of Addicts, peri/post-natal, peri/post menopause, parenting, relationships, spirituality, sexuality, & trauma. I see adults 18+ using trauma informed Somatic Therapy skills to cope with fight, flight, fawn, freeze, & pain responses. We will deepen our ability to ‘respond’ rather than ‘react’ while developing healthy and supportive communication and coping skills.
Sorry... NOT accepting new clients at this time! Welcome! I love being a therapist and assisting clients through anxiety, depression, PTSD, chronic illness/pain, career/education/life transitions, LGBTQIA+, neurodiversity, Partners of Addicts, peri/post-natal, peri/post menopause, parenting, relationships, spirituality, sexuality, & trauma. I see adults 18+ using trauma informed Somatic Therapy skills to cope with fight, flight, fawn, freeze, & pain responses. We will deepen our ability to ‘respond’ rather than ‘react’ while developing healthy and supportive communication and coping skills.
(440) 379-8807 View (440) 379-8807
Photo of Carolyn J Conrad, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Carolyn J Conrad
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45011
Life is a roller coaster– whether you are in a high or low spot, there are different seasons of life when we need someone to have a listening ear. I provide an encouraging area for you that is safe and judgement-free. As a clinician, I am able to walk with you during your journey while helping navigate stressors and issues you may be experiencing.
Life is a roller coaster– whether you are in a high or low spot, there are different seasons of life when we need someone to have a listening ear. I provide an encouraging area for you that is safe and judgement-free. As a clinician, I am able to walk with you during your journey while helping navigate stressors and issues you may be experiencing.
(513) 270-2434 View (513) 270-2434
Photo of Kate Duskey, LPCC-S, MA, DARTT, BS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kate Duskey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LPCC-S, MA, DARTT, BS
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45011
I practice psychotherapy as a licensed clinician. Following my Bachelor's Degree, I completed a Master's Degree at Cincinnati Christian University's School of Behavioral Science. After this, I attained a clinical endorsement and then a supervisory endorsement. Studying under the HOCI Institute, I then became a developmental and relational trauma therapist. I have also completed the 2 year training at Cincinnati Psychoanalytic Institute in Psychotherapy. My main areas of treatment focus include trauma, emotional distress, anxiety and depression.
I practice psychotherapy as a licensed clinician. Following my Bachelor's Degree, I completed a Master's Degree at Cincinnati Christian University's School of Behavioral Science. After this, I attained a clinical endorsement and then a supervisory endorsement. Studying under the HOCI Institute, I then became a developmental and relational trauma therapist. I have also completed the 2 year training at Cincinnati Psychoanalytic Institute in Psychotherapy. My main areas of treatment focus include trauma, emotional distress, anxiety and depression.
(833) 424-0183 View (833) 424-0183
Photo of Nicole Quenneville, LICDC, LPCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nicole Quenneville
Licensed Professional Counselor, LICDC, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hamilton, OH 45011  (Online Only)
Nikki is a seasoned clinician who has focused her career on helping adult individuals with trauma, depression, anxiety and substance use disorder.
Nikki is a seasoned clinician who has focused her career on helping adult individuals with trauma, depression, anxiety and substance use disorder.
(614) 968-7480 View (614) 968-7480
Photo of Kaitlyn Robertson, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kaitlyn Robertson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45011
With a passion for working with youth and teens, I am a great fit for those needing extra guidance dealing with anxiety and depression. I graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Psychology at Mount Saint Joseph University in 2019 and earned my Master of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Xavier University in 2022. Other hands-on counseling experience includes interning at Living Hope Counseling Services in Cincinnati.
With a passion for working with youth and teens, I am a great fit for those needing extra guidance dealing with anxiety and depression. I graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Psychology at Mount Saint Joseph University in 2019 and earned my Master of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Xavier University in 2022. Other hands-on counseling experience includes interning at Living Hope Counseling Services in Cincinnati.
(513) 870-8440 View (513) 870-8440
Photo of Darcel Elliott, LPCC
Darcel Elliott
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45011  (Online Only)
Developing trusting relationships is the foundation of a positive counseling experience. I recognize and embrace the uniqueness in each of my clients. Although I practice from a theoretical background that includes person-centered and cognitive-behavioral models, I tailor my approach to address individual client needs. My counseling style is warm, accepting and encouraging. Each of us has the capacity for personal growth.
Developing trusting relationships is the foundation of a positive counseling experience. I recognize and embrace the uniqueness in each of my clients. Although I practice from a theoretical background that includes person-centered and cognitive-behavioral models, I tailor my approach to address individual client needs. My counseling style is warm, accepting and encouraging. Each of us has the capacity for personal growth.
(380) 205-3704 View (380) 205-3704
Photo of Courtney Carrier, MS, LPCC, Counselor
Courtney Carrier
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hamilton, OH 45011
Hello! I am Courtney Carrier, co-owner of Hopeful Horizons Counseling, LLC. We are an outpatient private therapy practice out of Hamilton, Ohio. I am currently accepting new clients via Teletherapy, until our office space renovation is completed at the beginning of 2025. I specialize in working with women's issues, trauma, anxiety, and LGBTQ+.
Hello! I am Courtney Carrier, co-owner of Hopeful Horizons Counseling, LLC. We are an outpatient private therapy practice out of Hamilton, Ohio. I am currently accepting new clients via Teletherapy, until our office space renovation is completed at the beginning of 2025. I specialize in working with women's issues, trauma, anxiety, and LGBTQ+.
(513) 847-3970 View (513) 847-3970
Photo of Maggie Bremmer, MSEd, LPCC-S
Maggie Bremmer
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MSEd, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hamilton, OH 45011  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Maggie Bremmer and I am a therapist and co-owner of Hopeful Horizons Counseling. We are a new outpatient private practice out of Hamilton, OH! I am currently offering Telehealth services until our office renovation is complete at the beginning of 2025! I love being a therapist and consider it a privilege to walk with people through life's challenges. I work with adolescents, young adults, and adults going through anxiety, depression, life transitions, education/job concerns, and PTSD. As a queer, neurodivergent, women, I offer an affirming space for neurodivergent and LGBTQIA+ folks.
Hello! My name is Maggie Bremmer and I am a therapist and co-owner of Hopeful Horizons Counseling. We are a new outpatient private practice out of Hamilton, OH! I am currently offering Telehealth services until our office renovation is complete at the beginning of 2025! I love being a therapist and consider it a privilege to walk with people through life's challenges. I work with adolescents, young adults, and adults going through anxiety, depression, life transitions, education/job concerns, and PTSD. As a queer, neurodivergent, women, I offer an affirming space for neurodivergent and LGBTQIA+ folks.
(513) 447-6306 View (513) 447-6306
Photo of Toni Cargile-Hadley, MA, LPCC-S, Counselor
Toni Cargile-Hadley
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45013
Life events can sometimes become stressful. You are not alone! I will journey with you, respecting that you are the author of your life, based on your worldview. My job is to assist you in reaching the autonomy you deserve to make life decisions that will lead to a healthier you. My therapy appointments are held in a calm, refreshing, environment offering comfort and privacy. I also offer HIPAA compliant Telehealth therapy for people that feel more comfortable doing therapy from their own private space. EMAIL me today to get scheduled!
Life events can sometimes become stressful. You are not alone! I will journey with you, respecting that you are the author of your life, based on your worldview. My job is to assist you in reaching the autonomy you deserve to make life decisions that will lead to a healthier you. My therapy appointments are held in a calm, refreshing, environment offering comfort and privacy. I also offer HIPAA compliant Telehealth therapy for people that feel more comfortable doing therapy from their own private space. EMAIL me today to get scheduled!
(513) 912-2351 View (513) 912-2351

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Hamilton, OH

100+

Average cost per session

$109

Therapists in Hamilton, OH who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
81% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
62% Life Transitions
61% Grief
45% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% Aetna
89% Cigna and Evernorth
88% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Hamilton, OH see their clients

61% Online Only
39% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

89% Female
10% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Hamilton?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.