Therapists in Jefferson, Cleveland, OH

Photo of Robyn Rose, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Robyn Rose
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! I'm Robyn and I am glad you are considering therapy! Have you been wanting to change but are not sure where to start? You have found a safe space to begin that journey. I am an open-minded, non-judgmental person who takes pride in creating fun and unique ways to help my clients. I address clients with compassion as we work together to address body, mind, and spirit in the healing process. Whether you are dealing with anxiety, relationship issues, transphobia, depression, social anxiety or difficult family relationships, I am here to help support you navigate these challenges.
Hello! I'm Robyn and I am glad you are considering therapy! Have you been wanting to change but are not sure where to start? You have found a safe space to begin that journey. I am an open-minded, non-judgmental person who takes pride in creating fun and unique ways to help my clients. I address clients with compassion as we work together to address body, mind, and spirit in the healing process. Whether you are dealing with anxiety, relationship issues, transphobia, depression, social anxiety or difficult family relationships, I am here to help support you navigate these challenges.
(216) 238-0520 View (216) 238-0520
Photo of Zeina Dean, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Zeina Dean
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
We all share human experience of facing challenges, seeking understanding, and desiring emotional well-being. I've lived with the challenges of navigating life between two cultures, enduring the complexities and confusion that often accompany such a unique upbringing. My lived experience ignited me to develop a skill set to effectively support other women, mothers and children of immigrants living in the diaspora. As a MENA therapist, I understand this step can be daunting. I hope you take comfort in me being here to support you on your journey and guide you towards discovering the inherent healing power within yourself.
We all share human experience of facing challenges, seeking understanding, and desiring emotional well-being. I've lived with the challenges of navigating life between two cultures, enduring the complexities and confusion that often accompany such a unique upbringing. My lived experience ignited me to develop a skill set to effectively support other women, mothers and children of immigrants living in the diaspora. As a MENA therapist, I understand this step can be daunting. I hope you take comfort in me being here to support you on your journey and guide you towards discovering the inherent healing power within yourself.
(216) 868-8358 View (216) 868-8358
Photo of Jeffrey Robson, Counselor
Jeffrey Robson
Counselor
Verified Verified
Online Only
I have been practicing for the past 30 years in Northeast Ohio as a Licensed Clinical Counselor (LPCC-S), working with adults in various clinical settings, including community mental health centers, general and psychiatric hospitals, and office-based private practices. Currently, I have a solo practice located in Brecksville
I have been practicing for the past 30 years in Northeast Ohio as a Licensed Clinical Counselor (LPCC-S), working with adults in various clinical settings, including community mental health centers, general and psychiatric hospitals, and office-based private practices. Currently, I have a solo practice located in Brecksville
(234) 319-9115 View (234) 319-9115
Photo of Robert Crook, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Robert Crook
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Jefferson, Cleveland, OH 44111
Most of us have been there: spinning our wheels trying to outrun our past, struggling to get out of bed and make it through the day, internally crippling under the weight of just so many thoughts and expectations, struggling to just feel like yourself from one day to the next. If you’re tired of fighting these battles alone, I want to help. As a mental health therapist, my goal is to help clients overcome trauma, depression, anxiety, and mood disorders. My focus is on empowering the people I work with by focusing on your innate strengths and helping you grow the skills you need to heal.
Most of us have been there: spinning our wheels trying to outrun our past, struggling to get out of bed and make it through the day, internally crippling under the weight of just so many thoughts and expectations, struggling to just feel like yourself from one day to the next. If you’re tired of fighting these battles alone, I want to help. As a mental health therapist, my goal is to help clients overcome trauma, depression, anxiety, and mood disorders. My focus is on empowering the people I work with by focusing on your innate strengths and helping you grow the skills you need to heal.
(234) 259-6142 View (234) 259-6142
Photo of Marie Martin, LPCC, Counselor
Marie Martin
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am an independently Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) in the state of Ohio with 14 years of experience. I graduated with a Bachelors degree in Psychology from Lourdes College in 2006 and a Masters's degree in Mental Health Counseling from Bowling Green State University in 2010. Since then, I have practiced in non-profit, private practice and case management settings and have a passion for working with teens and young adults, but have experience with all age groups and have found enjoyment in helping adults and couples as well. I understand life can be stressful, hard at times completely overwhelming so let's talk!
I am an independently Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) in the state of Ohio with 14 years of experience. I graduated with a Bachelors degree in Psychology from Lourdes College in 2006 and a Masters's degree in Mental Health Counseling from Bowling Green State University in 2010. Since then, I have practiced in non-profit, private practice and case management settings and have a passion for working with teens and young adults, but have experience with all age groups and have found enjoyment in helping adults and couples as well. I understand life can be stressful, hard at times completely overwhelming so let's talk!
(380) 204-5275 View (380) 204-5275
Photo of Ranel Heard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ranel Heard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am an independently licensed social worker and am able to assist people to find healthy ways to work through difficult life experiences such as trauma, anxiety, depression and substance use. I obtained a bachelors degree in psychology at Wittenberg University and went on to obtain a masters' in social work through Spring Arbor University. I have been trained to utilize cognitive behavioral techniques, trauma focused therapy, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
I am an independently licensed social worker and am able to assist people to find healthy ways to work through difficult life experiences such as trauma, anxiety, depression and substance use. I obtained a bachelors degree in psychology at Wittenberg University and went on to obtain a masters' in social work through Spring Arbor University. I have been trained to utilize cognitive behavioral techniques, trauma focused therapy, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
(330) 919-5578 View (330) 919-5578
Photo of Christopher Stamm, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christopher Stamm
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a clinical social worker with over 25 years professional experience working in the behavioral health care field. Having graduate degrees in both clinical social work (MSW) and business administration (MBA) assists me in creating positive change in my work with my clients.
I am a clinical social worker with over 25 years professional experience working in the behavioral health care field. Having graduate degrees in both clinical social work (MSW) and business administration (MBA) assists me in creating positive change in my work with my clients.
(740) 240-0806 View (740) 240-0806
Photo of Shaina Duffy - The Phoenix Counseling Center, MA, LPCC, Counselor
The Phoenix Counseling Center
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Jefferson, Cleveland, OH 44111
We believe that counseling is an opportunity to talk with someone you can connect with in a safe environment without fear of judgment. There are a variety of issues that people face on a daily basis. Sometimes those life issues can become too burdensome to deal with on your own. This is where we come in. We work with clients who are dealing with: Depression, Anxiety, Child issues, Mood Disorders, Marriage/Family, Pre-Marital Counseling, Self-Esteem, Trauma, Divorce, Grief, Job and School Stressors. I find it a privilege to be able to walk alongside those who are seeking out assistance in their journey.
We believe that counseling is an opportunity to talk with someone you can connect with in a safe environment without fear of judgment. There are a variety of issues that people face on a daily basis. Sometimes those life issues can become too burdensome to deal with on your own. This is where we come in. We work with clients who are dealing with: Depression, Anxiety, Child issues, Mood Disorders, Marriage/Family, Pre-Marital Counseling, Self-Esteem, Trauma, Divorce, Grief, Job and School Stressors. I find it a privilege to be able to walk alongside those who are seeking out assistance in their journey.
(440) 732-5252 View (440) 732-5252
Photo of Leslie Valentine, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Leslie Valentine
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Online Only
I enjoy working with people who have found it hard to be understood by others. Many people I've worked with are affected by poverty, discrimination, trauma, and mood or emotional difficulties.
I enjoy working with people who have found it hard to be understood by others. Many people I've worked with are affected by poverty, discrimination, trauma, and mood or emotional difficulties.
(440) 616-7810 View (440) 616-7810
Photo of Sara Ridley - Sara Ridley Counseling Practice, LLC, MSW, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sara Ridley Counseling Practice, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I believe in taking a client-centered & solution-focused approach to help you address the issues that bring you to counseling & to help you explore aspects of your life that need either resolution or changes. My goal is to create a relaxed & comfortable atmosphere to work toward a reduction of symptoms & positive changes. Clients find me to be personable, understanding, non-judgmental, & welcoming. I enjoy the time I spend working with clients & hope that my clients find the time valuable as well. Please contact me with questions & if you would like to start working together.
I believe in taking a client-centered & solution-focused approach to help you address the issues that bring you to counseling & to help you explore aspects of your life that need either resolution or changes. My goal is to create a relaxed & comfortable atmosphere to work toward a reduction of symptoms & positive changes. Clients find me to be personable, understanding, non-judgmental, & welcoming. I enjoy the time I spend working with clients & hope that my clients find the time valuable as well. Please contact me with questions & if you would like to start working together.
(440) 363-7088 View (440) 363-7088
Photo of L Claire Campbell, , LPAT, Counselor
L Claire Campbell
Counselor, LPAT
Verified Verified
Jefferson, Cleveland, OH 44111
Are you feeling exhausted, overwhelmed, anxious or grieving? Going through a big life transition? I will meet you where you are in life in a safe, affirming space to explore your personal story, growth, and potential. I can help you make sense of things through traditional talk therapy coupled with somatic processing, mindfulness practice, relaxation techniques, guided imagery, movement and art therapy. I view each client as unique and having a powerful story to share. I will work with you to identify your inherent strengths, growing edges and support developing what changes will foster ongoing hope and positivity.
Are you feeling exhausted, overwhelmed, anxious or grieving? Going through a big life transition? I will meet you where you are in life in a safe, affirming space to explore your personal story, growth, and potential. I can help you make sense of things through traditional talk therapy coupled with somatic processing, mindfulness practice, relaxation techniques, guided imagery, movement and art therapy. I view each client as unique and having a powerful story to share. I will work with you to identify your inherent strengths, growing edges and support developing what changes will foster ongoing hope and positivity.
(216) 206-8889 View (216) 206-8889
Photo of Sara W Floreth, MA, LPCCS, CGT, Counselor
Sara W Floreth
Counselor, MA, LPCCS, CGT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Are you feeling disconnected from your partner? Do arguments escalate quickly, or has trust been broken? You’re not alone—and help is available. Whether you are feeling lonely in your relationship, yearn for greater connection with your partner, have trouble managing conflict, anticipate future issues or just desire to enhance what you already have together, I am here to support you using proven methods that really work. We all go through rough patches. These challenges don’t mean your relationship is beyond repair. In fact, they’re common pain points many couples experience—and with the right support, things can get better.
Are you feeling disconnected from your partner? Do arguments escalate quickly, or has trust been broken? You’re not alone—and help is available. Whether you are feeling lonely in your relationship, yearn for greater connection with your partner, have trouble managing conflict, anticipate future issues or just desire to enhance what you already have together, I am here to support you using proven methods that really work. We all go through rough patches. These challenges don’t mean your relationship is beyond repair. In fact, they’re common pain points many couples experience—and with the right support, things can get better.
(216) 243-5693 View (216) 243-5693
Photo of Wendy Jo Biello - Lakewood Counseling, LLC, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lakewood Counseling, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Jefferson, Cleveland, OH 44111
Life is no easy task. It can knock us around causing regrets and unwanted feelings. Emotional pain can be elusive, idling for years as the culprit of failed partnerships, loneliness, underachievement, despair, and fear. Mental pain does not send us to the emergency room for stitches but can leave us feeling at war with ourselves. When left unattended this pain can lead to debilitating mood disorders and maladaptive coping strategies. As founder of Lakewood Counseling, I am here to help you tend to your mental health, restore your inner strength and reclaim control over the life that you deserve.
Life is no easy task. It can knock us around causing regrets and unwanted feelings. Emotional pain can be elusive, idling for years as the culprit of failed partnerships, loneliness, underachievement, despair, and fear. Mental pain does not send us to the emergency room for stitches but can leave us feeling at war with ourselves. When left unattended this pain can lead to debilitating mood disorders and maladaptive coping strategies. As founder of Lakewood Counseling, I am here to help you tend to your mental health, restore your inner strength and reclaim control over the life that you deserve.
(440) 703-6723 View (440) 703-6723
Photo of Tanya P Morrow, MSSA, LISW, S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tanya P Morrow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW, S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jefferson, Cleveland, OH 44111
A primary interest of mine is to empower all to take control of and improve ones ability to function on a daily basis. This includes addressing stress, anxiety, mild to moderate depression, and other quality of life factors. I do have a special interest in impacting the mental health of women/females and alternative lifestyle individuals. However, I do welcome male clients for sure. If you are reading this, you are probably ready to begin a new journey. It is a tough step to take, but I and my colleagues are here to support and guide you. Call Lifestance to have Intake add you to the schedule of your chosen provider today!
A primary interest of mine is to empower all to take control of and improve ones ability to function on a daily basis. This includes addressing stress, anxiety, mild to moderate depression, and other quality of life factors. I do have a special interest in impacting the mental health of women/females and alternative lifestyle individuals. However, I do welcome male clients for sure. If you are reading this, you are probably ready to begin a new journey. It is a tough step to take, but I and my colleagues are here to support and guide you. Call Lifestance to have Intake add you to the schedule of your chosen provider today!
(216) 820-9635 View (216) 820-9635
Photo of Airielle Banaszak, LISW-S, MSW, ACHT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Airielle Banaszak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, MSW, ACHT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Jefferson, Cleveland, OH 44111
Waitlist for new clients
I am an Advanced Hypnotherapist and strengths based Therapist dedicated to empowering people to define and live their best lives. I have been in the field for 20 + years and have worked with folks on adjusting to all sorts of difficulties life brings, depression, anxiety, phobias, purpose and familial issues among other things. I welcome all walks of life and look forward to learning about you so that together we can get you moving along your unique life path.
I am an Advanced Hypnotherapist and strengths based Therapist dedicated to empowering people to define and live their best lives. I have been in the field for 20 + years and have worked with folks on adjusting to all sorts of difficulties life brings, depression, anxiety, phobias, purpose and familial issues among other things. I welcome all walks of life and look forward to learning about you so that together we can get you moving along your unique life path.
(216) 350-0625 View (216) 350-0625
Photo of Devon Greer - Devon Greer, LPC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Devon Greer, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Jefferson, Cleveland, OH 44111
Hello! I look forward to forming a healthy therapeutic relationship with all the clients that come my way. Providing therapy is a huge passion of mine and I plan to provide the most efficient and adequate therapy to all of my clients. Therapy can be life changing for those who are committed and its not always the easiest of roads to take, but when you have someone whose highly committed to helping you heal and grow, its a smoother road. I've been living in this community for all of my life and I have a lot of passion to helping those in my community with their mental health.
Hello! I look forward to forming a healthy therapeutic relationship with all the clients that come my way. Providing therapy is a huge passion of mine and I plan to provide the most efficient and adequate therapy to all of my clients. Therapy can be life changing for those who are committed and its not always the easiest of roads to take, but when you have someone whose highly committed to helping you heal and grow, its a smoother road. I've been living in this community for all of my life and I have a lot of passion to helping those in my community with their mental health.
(440) 298-4035 View (440) 298-4035
Photo of Melissa Parsons, LPCC
Melissa Parsons
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor , LPCC
Verified Verified
Jefferson, Cleveland, OH 44111
Melissa Parsons is a Clinical Mental Health Counselor, who has been practicing since 2017. She graduated from Cleveland State University with a Master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. Melissa has training in EMDR, CBT, DBT, and other interventions that help address symptoms that are impacting your life. In her spare time, Melissa enjoys being outside with family, reading fiction & nonfiction books, watching sports, and working out with friends.
Melissa Parsons is a Clinical Mental Health Counselor, who has been practicing since 2017. She graduated from Cleveland State University with a Master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. Melissa has training in EMDR, CBT, DBT, and other interventions that help address symptoms that are impacting your life. In her spare time, Melissa enjoys being outside with family, reading fiction & nonfiction books, watching sports, and working out with friends.
(440) 659-2268 View (440) 659-2268
Photo of Victoria Malone Marion, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Victoria Malone Marion
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
Greetings; My name is Victoria M. Marion, MSSA, LISW-S. I am originally from Cleveland, Ohio where I received my bachelor's degree in social work at Ursuline College and then my master's degree in social work at Case Western Reserve. I have over 25 years of experience with mental health and substance abuse. My invaluable mentors encouraged me to seek therapy so that I will be able to understand the feelings many clients feel when they are asked to share their life experiences with a stranger. I understand how much faith and courage it takes to seek help, which adds to my compassion and sincere willingness to help you.
Greetings; My name is Victoria M. Marion, MSSA, LISW-S. I am originally from Cleveland, Ohio where I received my bachelor's degree in social work at Ursuline College and then my master's degree in social work at Case Western Reserve. I have over 25 years of experience with mental health and substance abuse. My invaluable mentors encouraged me to seek therapy so that I will be able to understand the feelings many clients feel when they are asked to share their life experiences with a stranger. I understand how much faith and courage it takes to seek help, which adds to my compassion and sincere willingness to help you.
(330) 992-8129 View (330) 992-8129
Photo of Christine Zeh, LPCC-S
Christine Zeh
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Jefferson, Cleveland, OH 44111
Dr. Christine Zeh is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Ohio who has been practicing since 2008. She has a Doctorate of Clinical Counseling from Cleveland State University. Dr. Zeh assists with specialized training in trauma recovery, anxiety, anger management, divorce, couples therapy, depression, reunification and substance abuse, trauma therapy, effective parenting, tri generational families, and geriatric counseling.
Dr. Christine Zeh is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Ohio who has been practicing since 2008. She has a Doctorate of Clinical Counseling from Cleveland State University. Dr. Zeh assists with specialized training in trauma recovery, anxiety, anger management, divorce, couples therapy, depression, reunification and substance abuse, trauma therapy, effective parenting, tri generational families, and geriatric counseling.
(440) 644-4112 View (440) 644-4112
Photo of Felisha Jackson Ilyas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Felisha Jackson Ilyas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
Licensed Clinical Social Worker specializing in the treatment of Depression, Generalized Anxiety d/o, Bipolar d/o, Schizophrenia, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and Substance Use Disorders. Core competencies include: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Sexual Abuse Trauma Therapy, Behavior Modification, Grief Therapy, and Psychotherapy. Populations include: Individual Therapy, Family Therapy, Adolescence to adults, Substance use, and Mental Illness.
Licensed Clinical Social Worker specializing in the treatment of Depression, Generalized Anxiety d/o, Bipolar d/o, Schizophrenia, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and Substance Use Disorders. Core competencies include: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Sexual Abuse Trauma Therapy, Behavior Modification, Grief Therapy, and Psychotherapy. Populations include: Individual Therapy, Family Therapy, Adolescence to adults, Substance use, and Mental Illness.
(330) 919-7269 View (330) 919-7269
1

See more therapy options for Jefferson, Cleveland

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Jefferson, Cleveland, OH

80+

Average cost per session

$109

Therapists in Jefferson, Cleveland, OH who prioritize treating:

98% Depression
96% Anxiety
78% Trauma and PTSD
77% Life Transitions
74% Grief
67% Stress
48% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% Aetna
94% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
88% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Jefferson, Cleveland, OH see their clients

55% Online Only
45% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

78% Female
17% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Jefferson, Cleveland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.