Therapists in Chagrin Falls, OH

Photo of Dr. Lynn Luna Jones, Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Dr. Lynn Luna Jones
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Verified Verified
Chagrin Falls, OH 44023
Dr. Lynn Luna Jones earned her Ph.D. in Counseling Psychology from Temple University in 2004 and is a licensed psychologist. She has 20 years of experience in the field of psychology and has worked with children, adolescents, and adults, providing individual, family, couples, and group counseling services. She specializes in diagnostic assessment and is skilled in administering intellectual, achievement, personality, vocational, adaptive functioning, and other specialized tests.
Dr. Lynn Luna Jones earned her Ph.D. in Counseling Psychology from Temple University in 2004 and is a licensed psychologist. She has 20 years of experience in the field of psychology and has worked with children, adolescents, and adults, providing individual, family, couples, and group counseling services. She specializes in diagnostic assessment and is skilled in administering intellectual, achievement, personality, vocational, adaptive functioning, and other specialized tests.
(440) 306-3419 View (440) 306-3419
Photo of Judith Garncarek, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW, ACHT
Judith Garncarek
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW, ACHT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I support and guide Clients in their quest to release old patterns of behaviors that they recognize as no longer serving them. If you are looking for emotional growth, increased awareness, and the ability to release unwanted behaviors then lets begin. I will help you building an emotional vocabulary to understand deep feelings of sadness, grief, disappointment, regret, shame, anger, overwhelmed, loneliness, and many other emotions. This is where the journey begins to an increased freedom from past pain and suffering.
I support and guide Clients in their quest to release old patterns of behaviors that they recognize as no longer serving them. If you are looking for emotional growth, increased awareness, and the ability to release unwanted behaviors then lets begin. I will help you building an emotional vocabulary to understand deep feelings of sadness, grief, disappointment, regret, shame, anger, overwhelmed, loneliness, and many other emotions. This is where the journey begins to an increased freedom from past pain and suffering.
(234) 231-0537 View (234) 231-0537
Photo of Victoriya Reich, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LISW-S
Victoriya Reich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chagrin Falls, OH 44022
Feeling lost & overwhelmed? Are you ready to conquer anxiety, depression, or relationship challenges? If you crave a safe space to unlock personal growth & live a more fulfilling life, we offer a supportive space for personal growth and change. Combined with a variety of skilled clinicians and a personalized approach to mental health, our clients thrive and attain long-term goals.
Feeling lost & overwhelmed? Are you ready to conquer anxiety, depression, or relationship challenges? If you crave a safe space to unlock personal growth & live a more fulfilling life, we offer a supportive space for personal growth and change. Combined with a variety of skilled clinicians and a personalized approach to mental health, our clients thrive and attain long-term goals.
(440) 379-8548 View (440) 379-8548
Photo of Saul Tucker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Saul Tucker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Chagrin Falls, OH 44022
I am both a Licensed Social Worker and a Certified Life Coach. The main focus of my practice is supporting neuro-diverse clients and their families. This includes, but is not limited to, ADHD and Autism.
I am both a Licensed Social Worker and a Certified Life Coach. The main focus of my practice is supporting neuro-diverse clients and their families. This includes, but is not limited to, ADHD and Autism.
(440) 762-6126 View (440) 762-6126
Photo of Elizabeth (Beth) Ann Wilson, Counselor
Elizabeth (Beth) Ann Wilson
Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chagrin Falls, OH 44022
My goal as a counselor is to guide both individuals and couples as they navigate any personal, relationship, gender, or sexuality-related concerns. Life is an ongoing process with challenges. This offers an opportunity for personal growth through our relationships with others and within ourselves. I employ a holistic approach to my practice, fostering an empathetic and down-to-earth atmosphere. I am privileged to work with and fully understand and accept my clients by providing a comfortable, safe, and judgment-free environment. Together we can embrace and nurture what makes you uniquely and authentically you.
My goal as a counselor is to guide both individuals and couples as they navigate any personal, relationship, gender, or sexuality-related concerns. Life is an ongoing process with challenges. This offers an opportunity for personal growth through our relationships with others and within ourselves. I employ a holistic approach to my practice, fostering an empathetic and down-to-earth atmosphere. I am privileged to work with and fully understand and accept my clients by providing a comfortable, safe, and judgment-free environment. Together we can embrace and nurture what makes you uniquely and authentically you.
(216) 238-6821 View (216) 238-6821
Photo of Ruth Sudilovsky-Pecha, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, SEP, EMDR, MSSA
Ruth Sudilovsky-Pecha
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, SEP, EMDR, MSSA
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Online Only
People come to therapy because they want to feel better, plain and simple. But what does that mean? What happens when “talk-therapy” and words are not enough? Sometimes we can understand the source of our problems, but not actually feel any better. The basis of somatic therapy is that it incorporates and unites your body and mind. So instead of saying ‘what happened?’ or 'how does that make you feel?’ I might ask "when you feel joy, what do you notice in your body?” Bringing therapy out of your head and into the body allows for a whole different level of change and healing. My work is based on my training in somatic modalities.
People come to therapy because they want to feel better, plain and simple. But what does that mean? What happens when “talk-therapy” and words are not enough? Sometimes we can understand the source of our problems, but not actually feel any better. The basis of somatic therapy is that it incorporates and unites your body and mind. So instead of saying ‘what happened?’ or 'how does that make you feel?’ I might ask "when you feel joy, what do you notice in your body?” Bringing therapy out of your head and into the body allows for a whole different level of change and healing. My work is based on my training in somatic modalities.
(440) 530-9454 View (440) 530-9454
Photo of Josie Platt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW-S
Josie Platt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Online Only
I have been working with teens, children, families and adults since 1988. I believe in warmly supporting my clients through the struggles and traumas of life. I use a variety of theoretical approaches, as therapy is not a one size fits all medium. I have worked in In-Patient settings as well as Out-Patient settings. My goal for my clients is that I am able to provide them with a safe and supportive environment where together we can explore their hopes, needs, and possibilities so they are able to move forward towards a better, kinder and gentler path in life.
I have been working with teens, children, families and adults since 1988. I believe in warmly supporting my clients through the struggles and traumas of life. I use a variety of theoretical approaches, as therapy is not a one size fits all medium. I have worked in In-Patient settings as well as Out-Patient settings. My goal for my clients is that I am able to provide them with a safe and supportive environment where together we can explore their hopes, needs, and possibilities so they are able to move forward towards a better, kinder and gentler path in life.
(440) 635-3856 View (440) 635-3856
Photo of Lisa Santoriella, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC-S
Lisa Santoriella
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chagrin Falls, OH 44022
Across her 15 years of clinical practice, Lisa has worked in inpatient and community-based settings both in direct practice and supervisory capacities. Lisa has a specialty with the LGBTQ+ population. She sees people ages 5 - 60 with challenges and symptoms related to anxiety, depression, adjustment issues, stress management, peer relational issues, emotional regulation/expression and trauma.
Across her 15 years of clinical practice, Lisa has worked in inpatient and community-based settings both in direct practice and supervisory capacities. Lisa has a specialty with the LGBTQ+ population. She sees people ages 5 - 60 with challenges and symptoms related to anxiety, depression, adjustment issues, stress management, peer relational issues, emotional regulation/expression and trauma.
(440) 597-4050 View (440) 597-4050
Photo of Lori Wolfe, Counselor, LPCC-S
Lori Wolfe
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Online Only
Lori Wolfe earned her master's degree from Ohio University in 1994. She has worked in private practice settings, as well as community mental health. Lori's treatment focus is couples, adults, and very young children. She specializes in helping families with parenting concerns and new mothers experiencing postpartum depression. Lori is adept in assisting couples with marital issues and she has a wealth of experience treating adults with anxiety and depression.
Lori Wolfe earned her master's degree from Ohio University in 1994. She has worked in private practice settings, as well as community mental health. Lori's treatment focus is couples, adults, and very young children. She specializes in helping families with parenting concerns and new mothers experiencing postpartum depression. Lori is adept in assisting couples with marital issues and she has a wealth of experience treating adults with anxiety and depression.
(216) 208-4909 View (216) 208-4909
Photo of Deanna Morphy, Counselor, LPCC-S
Deanna Morphy
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Chagrin Falls, OH 44023
Deanna Morphy is a licensed professional clinical counselor. She completed her master's degree at Geneva College. She has experience working with adults who struggle with alcoholism or addiction, in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Deanna has provided both individual and group therapy to those clients, as well as individuals coping with depression and anxiety. She also has experience working with physicians and their clients who are taking a maintenance medication such as Suboxone, Naltrexone, and Methadone. She has also provided couples and family counseling.
Deanna Morphy is a licensed professional clinical counselor. She completed her master's degree at Geneva College. She has experience working with adults who struggle with alcoholism or addiction, in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Deanna has provided both individual and group therapy to those clients, as well as individuals coping with depression and anxiety. She also has experience working with physicians and their clients who are taking a maintenance medication such as Suboxone, Naltrexone, and Methadone. She has also provided couples and family counseling.
(440) 703-6828 View (440) 703-6828
Photo of Belinda Lauer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW
Belinda Lauer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW
Verified Verified
Chagrin Falls, OH 44023
I have worked in the mental health field since 1992, beginning in Boston, MA moving to Augusta, GA and finally settling in Cleveland, OH. My early work was trauma based with children and adolescents. My practice has since grown to include families and couples. I now see clients from the age of 10, adolescents, adults, families and couples. Emotional distress, from slight unease to life disrupting behaviors, can be linked to unprocessed emotional responses to stressors. I use an integrated approach to discover and process the triggering emotions, leading healthier thought processes and a more authentic expression of self.
I have worked in the mental health field since 1992, beginning in Boston, MA moving to Augusta, GA and finally settling in Cleveland, OH. My early work was trauma based with children and adolescents. My practice has since grown to include families and couples. I now see clients from the age of 10, adolescents, adults, families and couples. Emotional distress, from slight unease to life disrupting behaviors, can be linked to unprocessed emotional responses to stressors. I use an integrated approach to discover and process the triggering emotions, leading healthier thought processes and a more authentic expression of self.
(440) 397-4333 View (440) 397-4333
Photo of Samantha Mechling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, MSW
Samantha Mechling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
You know you want a change, but you don't know where to start? Or maybe you know what to do, but something inside seems to be working against you and you just can't make the changes you want? It's hard to feel like you can't talk to anyone about what's going on in fear of being judged. You're not alone! My clients are tired of feeling sad, anxious, angry, confused and tired, and they are motivated to make a change. If you want to be heard and to feel understood, and you want to learn the skills to meet your goals, be your best self and start living again, you're in the right place.
You know you want a change, but you don't know where to start? Or maybe you know what to do, but something inside seems to be working against you and you just can't make the changes you want? It's hard to feel like you can't talk to anyone about what's going on in fear of being judged. You're not alone! My clients are tired of feeling sad, anxious, angry, confused and tired, and they are motivated to make a change. If you want to be heard and to feel understood, and you want to learn the skills to meet your goals, be your best self and start living again, you're in the right place.
(440) 305-5267 View (440) 305-5267
Photo of Michael B Canton, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MEd, LPCC, LCMHC
Michael B Canton
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MEd, LPCC, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am licensed in North Carolina and Ohio with 7+ years of professional work experience. I specialize in anxiety, depression, and adjustment disorders. I also specialize in men's coaching, and have a knack for working with teen boys. I help clients develop daily practices, along with custom coping strategies for specific triggers. I also help clients clarify their life purpose, and bring that purpose into their chosen relationships and career. I work with couples to repair trust, improve communication, and strengthen their emotional & sexual intimacy. Overall, I offer guidance for a more mindful, embodied & spiritual lifestyle.
I am licensed in North Carolina and Ohio with 7+ years of professional work experience. I specialize in anxiety, depression, and adjustment disorders. I also specialize in men's coaching, and have a knack for working with teen boys. I help clients develop daily practices, along with custom coping strategies for specific triggers. I also help clients clarify their life purpose, and bring that purpose into their chosen relationships and career. I work with couples to repair trust, improve communication, and strengthen their emotional & sexual intimacy. Overall, I offer guidance for a more mindful, embodied & spiritual lifestyle.
(330) 778-8656 View (330) 778-8656
Photo of Stephen Benoit, Licensed Professional Counselor
Stephen Benoit
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Online Only
I’m a psychological scientist and licensed clinical mental health counselor. My background is the science of binge eating and addictions, but I’ve worked in the clinical area over 10 years.
I’m a psychological scientist and licensed clinical mental health counselor. My background is the science of binge eating and addictions, but I’ve worked in the clinical area over 10 years.
(440) 644-4908 View (440) 644-4908
Photo of Amy Smitke - TheraVault LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, LICDC
TheraVault LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, LICDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chagrin Falls, OH 44022
Are you nervous about starting treatment? Are you unsure about opening up to a stranger? At TheraVault, our clinicians are warm, inviting, supportive, and hear to listen and help you through your challenges in life, big or small. We have a variety of clinicians with different skill set sets and training to meet client needs. We approach care as well rounded and holistic as possible. As individuals we are not 2 dimensional and neither should our healing journey. If you are new to therapy and unsure of what to expect, we can make the first step easy for you, if you have been to therapy before we can pick up where you left off or restart if needed. Our goal is to help you with your goals, if you aren't sure what those are we can help you explore what you might not be able to put into words. Being vulnerable is scary, overwhelming, and difficult. You don't have to have all the answers, show up and allow us to walk with your through this difficult time.
Are you nervous about starting treatment? Are you unsure about opening up to a stranger? At TheraVault, our clinicians are warm, inviting, supportive, and hear to listen and help you through your challenges in life, big or small. We have a variety of clinicians with different skill set sets and training to meet client needs. We approach care as well rounded and holistic as possible. As individuals we are not 2 dimensional and neither should our healing journey. If you are new to therapy and unsure of what to expect, we can make the first step easy for you, if you have been to therapy before we can pick up where you left off or restart if needed. Our goal is to help you with your goals, if you aren't sure what those are we can help you explore what you might not be able to put into words. Being vulnerable is scary, overwhelming, and difficult. You don't have to have all the answers, show up and allow us to walk with your through this difficult time.
(440) 517-4961 View (440) 517-4961
Photo of Wendy Weil, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC-S
Wendy Weil
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Chagrin Falls, OH 44022
Welcome. It's a new year and often it prompts people to move forward to make changes for themselves. I’m here to guide you through your personal challenges. I work with adults and couples seeking support and positive change. My goal is for you to feel “truly seen” and supported by me your therapist as you share, discover and face fears to get yourself to a better place. I work with mood disorders, anxiety, stress, divorce, trauma, neglect, domestic violence, life confusion, medical conditions and grief.
Welcome. It's a new year and often it prompts people to move forward to make changes for themselves. I’m here to guide you through your personal challenges. I work with adults and couples seeking support and positive change. My goal is for you to feel “truly seen” and supported by me your therapist as you share, discover and face fears to get yourself to a better place. I work with mood disorders, anxiety, stress, divorce, trauma, neglect, domestic violence, life confusion, medical conditions and grief.
(440) 271-8018 View (440) 271-8018
Photo of Beth Gracey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Beth Gracey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Online Only
Beth Gracey has over 25 years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families as an independently licensed social worker. She graduated from Case Western Reserve University with a Master's degree in Social Work. She has been the Children's Program Coordinator at the County of Summit Alcohol, Drug Addiction, and Mental Health Services Board for over 10 years. She serves as co-chair of the Summit County Youth Suicide Prevention Committee, and Summit County Trauma Informed Care Coalition. She is a Level One Certified Trauma Practitioner and certified perinatal mood disorder specialist.
Beth Gracey has over 25 years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families as an independently licensed social worker. She graduated from Case Western Reserve University with a Master's degree in Social Work. She has been the Children's Program Coordinator at the County of Summit Alcohol, Drug Addiction, and Mental Health Services Board for over 10 years. She serves as co-chair of the Summit County Youth Suicide Prevention Committee, and Summit County Trauma Informed Care Coalition. She is a Level One Certified Trauma Practitioner and certified perinatal mood disorder specialist.
(440) 517-4466 View (440) 517-4466
Photo of Erin Kutchera, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erin Kutchera
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi there! My name is Erin and I'm a licensed mental health therapist with a passion for helping people overcome their mental health struggles. With over 13 years of experience in the field, a master's degree in Social Work and an independent license (MSW, LISW-S), I'm well-equipped to provide compassionate and evidence-based care.
Hi there! My name is Erin and I'm a licensed mental health therapist with a passion for helping people overcome their mental health struggles. With over 13 years of experience in the field, a master's degree in Social Work and an independent license (MSW, LISW-S), I'm well-equipped to provide compassionate and evidence-based care.
(513) 790-6003 View (513) 790-6003
Photo of Carly Koller, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Carly Koller
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
“The happiness of your life depends upon the quality of your thoughts” Marcus Aurelius How we think affects how we feel and therefore how we tend to behave. It is my belief that the counseling experience is all about self exploration, growth and gaining new perspective and ways of thinking. I truly enjoy providing and sharing safe and comfortable spaces with individuals, couples, families and groups. I welcome any and all individuals age 14 and older no matter what challenges you are facing.
“The happiness of your life depends upon the quality of your thoughts” Marcus Aurelius How we think affects how we feel and therefore how we tend to behave. It is my belief that the counseling experience is all about self exploration, growth and gaining new perspective and ways of thinking. I truly enjoy providing and sharing safe and comfortable spaces with individuals, couples, families and groups. I welcome any and all individuals age 14 and older no matter what challenges you are facing.
(440) 809-8306 View (440) 809-8306
Photo of Paul A Caimi, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LCDCIII
Paul A Caimi
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LCDCIII
Verified Verified
Chagrin Falls, OH 44022
Called the pioneer of online addiction recovery, Paul Caimi created the first addiction recovery mobile app. He received his psychology degree from Harvard where he was a research assistant for famed behavioral psychologist, B.F. Skinner. A licensed therapist for 25 years, he has treated thousands of patients. Get his book, Sober Not Just Dry at his soberpad website. It introduces the ACT Method of Recovery which is a simple method anyone can use to beat relapse cravings. It also has 365 daily positive strategies to avoid relapse and enjoy true sobriety.
Called the pioneer of online addiction recovery, Paul Caimi created the first addiction recovery mobile app. He received his psychology degree from Harvard where he was a research assistant for famed behavioral psychologist, B.F. Skinner. A licensed therapist for 25 years, he has treated thousands of patients. Get his book, Sober Not Just Dry at his soberpad website. It introduces the ACT Method of Recovery which is a simple method anyone can use to beat relapse cravings. It also has 365 daily positive strategies to avoid relapse and enjoy true sobriety.
(440) 739-7734 View (440) 739-7734
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See more therapy options for Chagrin Falls

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chagrin Falls, OH

100+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Chagrin Falls, OH who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
91% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
81% Medical Mutual
72% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chagrin Falls, OH see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chagrin Falls?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.