Therapists in Brunswick, OH

Photo of Cynthia Holloway, Marriage & Family Therapist
Cynthia Holloway
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212
Cynthia Holloway Independent Marriage and Family Therapist Hello, I’m Cindy I’m a master’s prepared Independently licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I look forward to helping individuals as they work to heal and develop skills that will help them help themselves. Currently, my practice consists of individual adults. Often, these folks are navigating a significant life transition and / or working through trauma from the past that seems to interfere with current life experiences and well-being. Disorders these individuals bring with them include depression, anxiety, various identity issues, and post-traumatic stress.
Cynthia Holloway Independent Marriage and Family Therapist Hello, I’m Cindy I’m a master’s prepared Independently licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I look forward to helping individuals as they work to heal and develop skills that will help them help themselves. Currently, my practice consists of individual adults. Often, these folks are navigating a significant life transition and / or working through trauma from the past that seems to interfere with current life experiences and well-being. Disorders these individuals bring with them include depression, anxiety, various identity issues, and post-traumatic stress.
(440) 287-1651 View (440) 287-1651
Photo of Derrick Martin, LPCC-S, CEMDR, CCTP, NPT-C, Counselor
Derrick Martin
Counselor, LPCC-S, CEMDR, CCTP, NPT-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brunswick, OH 44212
Do you want to find hope and reclaim your life? It might seem like a dark path, but there is light at the end of the tunnel. You don't have to walk it alone; the hardest step is showing up for the first appointment, but together, we can work towards a brighter future. You need a therapist who understands your unique challenges and aims to help you heal, improve relationships, and achieve mental well-being. As a former firefighter, paramedic, and police officer, my ideal patients include first responders, individuals, and couples, dealing with PTSD, anxiety, relationship issues, and traumatic stressors.
Do you want to find hope and reclaim your life? It might seem like a dark path, but there is light at the end of the tunnel. You don't have to walk it alone; the hardest step is showing up for the first appointment, but together, we can work towards a brighter future. You need a therapist who understands your unique challenges and aims to help you heal, improve relationships, and achieve mental well-being. As a former firefighter, paramedic, and police officer, my ideal patients include first responders, individuals, and couples, dealing with PTSD, anxiety, relationship issues, and traumatic stressors.
(216) 677-0062 View (216) 677-0062
Photo of Dr. Melissa Coan, PhD, LPCC-S, LICDC, Counselor
Dr. Melissa Coan
Counselor, PhD, LPCC-S, LICDC
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212
My specialties are as follows: a) Relational; b) Trauma (EMDR,TF-CBT);
My specialties are as follows: a) Relational; b) Trauma (EMDR,TF-CBT);
(330) 525-2881 View (330) 525-2881
Photo of Jayne Penelope Kidder, MA, LPCC-S, Counselor
Jayne Penelope Kidder
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212
I have over 40 years of clinical practice in a wide variety of settings, working with adults who are struggling with substance use and emotional distress. My philosophy of treatment is person-centered, meaning the relationship we build is the core of our work together to successfully meet your goals. I have many therapeutic techniques in my "toolbox" and will utilize those that best meet the unique difficulties encountered in therapy. The goal of treatment is to address issues, past and present, and help you design a new way of thinking, feeling, and acting that resolves those issues.
I have over 40 years of clinical practice in a wide variety of settings, working with adults who are struggling with substance use and emotional distress. My philosophy of treatment is person-centered, meaning the relationship we build is the core of our work together to successfully meet your goals. I have many therapeutic techniques in my "toolbox" and will utilize those that best meet the unique difficulties encountered in therapy. The goal of treatment is to address issues, past and present, and help you design a new way of thinking, feeling, and acting that resolves those issues.
(330) 583-1729 View (330) 583-1729
Photo of Charlotte Buelow, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Charlotte Buelow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212  (Online Only)
Are you feeling lost in a world that used to feel familiar? Do you feel like you are in a fog, going through the motions but not really engaging? Have you felt overwhelmed by how much there is to do that you haven't been able to let yourself grieve? Some days you may feel like you can tackle that to-do list, and other days the reality hits you like a sucker-punch to the gut.
Are you feeling lost in a world that used to feel familiar? Do you feel like you are in a fog, going through the motions but not really engaging? Have you felt overwhelmed by how much there is to do that you haven't been able to let yourself grieve? Some days you may feel like you can tackle that to-do list, and other days the reality hits you like a sucker-punch to the gut.
(380) 214-2675 View (380) 214-2675
Photo of Sharehan Saleh Ayesh, MA, LPCC, SUPV
Sharehan Saleh Ayesh
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC, SUPV
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212  (Online Only)
Work well with clients whom are seeking to improve their quality of life. If there’s ever a moment where one maybe feeling a void, emptiness inside of them I assist and facilitate clients through rediscovery of self. The concept of being fully aware of oneself and how you see the world is crucial to identifying and upholding your personal values and standards. It’s when we neglect our standards of living do we find conflict or that internal battle. Most of the time this happens when a life stressor occurs. My ideal client is one whom is ready to move from victim to survivor.
Work well with clients whom are seeking to improve their quality of life. If there’s ever a moment where one maybe feeling a void, emptiness inside of them I assist and facilitate clients through rediscovery of self. The concept of being fully aware of oneself and how you see the world is crucial to identifying and upholding your personal values and standards. It’s when we neglect our standards of living do we find conflict or that internal battle. Most of the time this happens when a life stressor occurs. My ideal client is one whom is ready to move from victim to survivor.
(330) 422-6302 View (330) 422-6302
Photo of Steven Girard, M Div, MFT-T, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Steven Girard
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, M Div, MFT-T
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brunswick, OH 44212
If you're a family, couple, or individual facing relationship challenges, proven paths to healing are available. Life's difficulties—communication breakdowns, unresolved conflicts, emotional disconnection, lack of intamacy, and parenting struggles—can be exhausting, but there is hope. Whether you're seeking to restore love, reduce conflict, or find more harmony, I'm here to help. As a veteran, husband, father, and Christian, I welcome the opportunity to work with people of all beliefs on this journey to a better life.
If you're a family, couple, or individual facing relationship challenges, proven paths to healing are available. Life's difficulties—communication breakdowns, unresolved conflicts, emotional disconnection, lack of intamacy, and parenting struggles—can be exhausting, but there is hope. Whether you're seeking to restore love, reduce conflict, or find more harmony, I'm here to help. As a veteran, husband, father, and Christian, I welcome the opportunity to work with people of all beliefs on this journey to a better life.
(330) 919-7733 View (330) 919-7733
Photo of Janet Helfgott-Emmer - Infinity Counseling, LLC and Telehealth, MSSA, LISW-S
Infinity Counseling, LLC and Telehealth
MSSA, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212
Are you feeling depressed, anxious, stressed? Do you worry about "going crazy"? Do you have problems in your relationships with family and friends? Do you wonder why you or someone you love can't stop drinking, using, eating, spending? We can help! We are a team of experienced counselors who are here to help you feel more empowered, improve communication/conflict, feel less depressed/anxious, recover from trauma, and parent more confidently. We have also helped many get/stay clean & sober and increase their understanding of the disease of addiction.
Are you feeling depressed, anxious, stressed? Do you worry about "going crazy"? Do you have problems in your relationships with family and friends? Do you wonder why you or someone you love can't stop drinking, using, eating, spending? We can help! We are a team of experienced counselors who are here to help you feel more empowered, improve communication/conflict, feel less depressed/anxious, recover from trauma, and parent more confidently. We have also helped many get/stay clean & sober and increase their understanding of the disease of addiction.
(330) 754-3482 View (330) 754-3482
Photo of Miranda J Villard, LPCC, MEd
Miranda J Villard
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brunswick, OH 44212
As a clinician, I value genuineness and authenticity. This forms the foundation from which I work with clients. I want to work with you to manage your chronic mental health issues, develop coping skills, work through trauma, and empower your authentic self. I do this in a variety of ways by enlisting your expertise on yourself combined with multiple treatment modalities tailored to your unique needs.
As a clinician, I value genuineness and authenticity. This forms the foundation from which I work with clients. I want to work with you to manage your chronic mental health issues, develop coping skills, work through trauma, and empower your authentic self. I do this in a variety of ways by enlisting your expertise on yourself combined with multiple treatment modalities tailored to your unique needs.
(330) 460-0896 View (330) 460-0896
Photo of Christine Moran, LPCC, CCTP, Counselor
Christine Moran
Counselor, LPCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brunswick, OH 44212
I am a Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy (KAP) provider and Certified Clinical Trauma Professional (CCTP), clinically trained in EMDR therapy, Polyvagal Theory, parts work and attachment-based therapies, and other treatment methods grounded in the latest behavioral health and neuroscience research. While I enjoy working with clients with a multitude of presenting issues, I primarily specialize in treating trauma and PTSD. Using an integrated approach to therapy, I collaborate with clients on working through past and present difficulties to develop insight into complex issues and achieve the highest level of functioning.
I am a Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy (KAP) provider and Certified Clinical Trauma Professional (CCTP), clinically trained in EMDR therapy, Polyvagal Theory, parts work and attachment-based therapies, and other treatment methods grounded in the latest behavioral health and neuroscience research. While I enjoy working with clients with a multitude of presenting issues, I primarily specialize in treating trauma and PTSD. Using an integrated approach to therapy, I collaborate with clients on working through past and present difficulties to develop insight into complex issues and achieve the highest level of functioning.
(440) 588-3178 View (440) 588-3178
Photo of Lindsay Ryan, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lindsay Ryan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212  (Online Only)
Lindsay is a Licensed Social Worker in the state of Ohio. She graduated from the University of Southern California with her doctorate in social work where she is focused on the impact of social isolation. Lindsay’s experience includes working with clients of all ages and has worked at a women’s homeless shelter, K-8 schools, and a community-based agency. Additionally, she volunteered providing crisis counseling on a text-based platform. Before Lindsay’s social work career, she served 20 years in the United States Air Force. Lindsay is passionate about providing client-centered care to both children and adults.
Lindsay is a Licensed Social Worker in the state of Ohio. She graduated from the University of Southern California with her doctorate in social work where she is focused on the impact of social isolation. Lindsay’s experience includes working with clients of all ages and has worked at a women’s homeless shelter, K-8 schools, and a community-based agency. Additionally, she volunteered providing crisis counseling on a text-based platform. Before Lindsay’s social work career, she served 20 years in the United States Air Force. Lindsay is passionate about providing client-centered care to both children and adults.
(380) 204-9059 View (380) 204-9059
Photo of Nicole Kelleher, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nicole Kelleher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brunswick, OH 44212  (Online Only)
I’m a dedicated and compassionate therapist with a strong commitment to helping individuals navigate life’s challenges. With 4 years of experience in the field of therapy and 10 years overall in the field of mental health, I’ve had the privilege of assisting clients on their journey to emotional and psychological healing. My therapeutic approach is rooted in trauma focused interventions such as EMDR as well as talk therapy. I believe in creating a supportive space for my clients to explore their feelings, thoughts, behaviors and more. I am dedicated to fostering a therapeutic relationship built on trust, empathy and mutual respect.
I’m a dedicated and compassionate therapist with a strong commitment to helping individuals navigate life’s challenges. With 4 years of experience in the field of therapy and 10 years overall in the field of mental health, I’ve had the privilege of assisting clients on their journey to emotional and psychological healing. My therapeutic approach is rooted in trauma focused interventions such as EMDR as well as talk therapy. I believe in creating a supportive space for my clients to explore their feelings, thoughts, behaviors and more. I am dedicated to fostering a therapeutic relationship built on trust, empathy and mutual respect.
(614) 918-4565 View (614) 918-4565
Photo of Mary Fuentes, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Fuentes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212  (Online Only)
My name is Mary and I have been working with clients and families for over 20 years. My focus is on strength-based therapy and meeting clients where they are currently in their lives.My focus is to help empower others to find the best version of themselves thru mindfulness, cognitive behavioral therapy, and by helping to build better coping and self care. Life can be hard, very hard and often unfair.
My name is Mary and I have been working with clients and families for over 20 years. My focus is on strength-based therapy and meeting clients where they are currently in their lives.My focus is to help empower others to find the best version of themselves thru mindfulness, cognitive behavioral therapy, and by helping to build better coping and self care. Life can be hard, very hard and often unfair.
(380) 221-8443 View (380) 221-8443
Photo of Thomas Adams, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Thomas Adams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212
I have over 35 years clinical experience, training in gestalt and pyschoanalytic psychotherapy, mindfulness based stress reduction. My goal is to increase your awareness of who you are, why you respond and/or make the choices that you do and look for alternatives. I find that life is a journey that never ends, I hope people find internal contentment, tranquility, and learn to care about themselves. All we do is talk about events of your past and how you were effected. I take what I do seriously, but due to the intensity of what we do, try to have fun in the process.
I have over 35 years clinical experience, training in gestalt and pyschoanalytic psychotherapy, mindfulness based stress reduction. My goal is to increase your awareness of who you are, why you respond and/or make the choices that you do and look for alternatives. I find that life is a journey that never ends, I hope people find internal contentment, tranquility, and learn to care about themselves. All we do is talk about events of your past and how you were effected. I take what I do seriously, but due to the intensity of what we do, try to have fun in the process.
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Photo of Sharehan Ayesh, MA, LPC, MHSP, LPCC, ACS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sharehan Ayesh
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP, LPCC, ACS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brunswick, OH 44212  (Online Only)
I work well with clients whom are seeking to improve their quality of life. If there’s ever a moment where one maybe feeling a void, emptiness inside of them I assist and facilitate clients through rediscovery of self. The concept of being fully aware of oneself and how you see the world is crucial to identifying and upholding your personal values and standards. It’s when we neglect our standards of living do we find conflict or that internal battle. Most of the time this happens when a life stressor occurs. My ideal client is one whom is ready to move from victim to survivor.
I work well with clients whom are seeking to improve their quality of life. If there’s ever a moment where one maybe feeling a void, emptiness inside of them I assist and facilitate clients through rediscovery of self. The concept of being fully aware of oneself and how you see the world is crucial to identifying and upholding your personal values and standards. It’s when we neglect our standards of living do we find conflict or that internal battle. Most of the time this happens when a life stressor occurs. My ideal client is one whom is ready to move from victim to survivor.
(901) 295-4224 View (901) 295-4224
Photo of Lisa Turner, LPC
Lisa Turner
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212  (Online Only)
Imagine feeling overwhelmed by life's transitions, whether it's a relationship challenge, a career shift, or coping with past traumas. You crave a safe space to explore your feelings, gain clarity, and find a path forward. Your goal is to heal, grow, and thrive, but you need a compassionate guide who understands your unique journey and offers unwavering support. You want to feel accepted, understood, and empowered to make positive changes in your life.
Imagine feeling overwhelmed by life's transitions, whether it's a relationship challenge, a career shift, or coping with past traumas. You crave a safe space to explore your feelings, gain clarity, and find a path forward. Your goal is to heal, grow, and thrive, but you need a compassionate guide who understands your unique journey and offers unwavering support. You want to feel accepted, understood, and empowered to make positive changes in your life.
(380) 666-4664 View (380) 666-4664
Photo of Leneigh White, NCC, LPCC-S, Counselor
Leneigh White
Counselor, NCC, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212  (Online Only)
Have you become a stranger to yourself and to those around you? Do you see your behavior becoming our of control, but feel helpless to stop it? You are not alone. Millions of people suffer from ADHD, depression, anxiety, and other feelings that can make them act out. Whether you feel that your thoughts and actions are driving others away, or if you are part of a family where one of the member’s behavior is hurting the relationships around them, getting the appropriate guidance and counseling can help you to live normally again.
Have you become a stranger to yourself and to those around you? Do you see your behavior becoming our of control, but feel helpless to stop it? You are not alone. Millions of people suffer from ADHD, depression, anxiety, and other feelings that can make them act out. Whether you feel that your thoughts and actions are driving others away, or if you are part of a family where one of the member’s behavior is hurting the relationships around them, getting the appropriate guidance and counseling can help you to live normally again.
(857) 371-5535 View (857) 371-5535
Photo of Tricia Fritz, MA, LPCC-S, Counselor
Tricia Fritz
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brunswick, OH 44212
Not accepting new clients
The choice to engage in counseling may be difficult, but the benefits can be life-changing. Loyal to the belief that a "journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step". I seek to join you on this journey, value each individual's story, and while understanding the need for a strong therapeutic relationship. Whether you are negotiating life losses, feelings of anxiety and depression or adjustment to life challenges, I see my role as compassionate listener and guide.
The choice to engage in counseling may be difficult, but the benefits can be life-changing. Loyal to the belief that a "journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step". I seek to join you on this journey, value each individual's story, and while understanding the need for a strong therapeutic relationship. Whether you are negotiating life losses, feelings of anxiety and depression or adjustment to life challenges, I see my role as compassionate listener and guide.
(216) 208-4975 View (216) 208-4975
Photo of Shaina Duffy - The Phoenix Counseling Center, MA, LPCC, Counselor
The Phoenix Counseling Center
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brunswick, OH 44212
We believe that counseling is an opportunity to talk with someone you can connect with in a safe environment without fear of judgment. There are a variety of issues that people face on a daily basis. Sometimes those life issues can become too burdensome to deal with on your own. This is where we come in. We work with clients who are dealing with: Depression, Anxiety, Child issues, Mood Disorders, Marriage/Family, Pre-Marital Counseling, Self-Esteem, Trauma, Divorce, Grief, Job and School Stressors. I find it a privilege to be able to walk alongside those who are seeking out assistance in their journey.
We believe that counseling is an opportunity to talk with someone you can connect with in a safe environment without fear of judgment. There are a variety of issues that people face on a daily basis. Sometimes those life issues can become too burdensome to deal with on your own. This is where we come in. We work with clients who are dealing with: Depression, Anxiety, Child issues, Mood Disorders, Marriage/Family, Pre-Marital Counseling, Self-Esteem, Trauma, Divorce, Grief, Job and School Stressors. I find it a privilege to be able to walk alongside those who are seeking out assistance in their journey.
(440) 732-5252 View (440) 732-5252
Photo of Tom Spangler, MSW , LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tom Spangler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW , LSW
Verified Verified
Brunswick, OH 44212
I have experience working with clients who suffer from a range of mental illnesses, including depression, anxiety, adjustment disorder, and more. I take an approach that involves meeting clients where they are. I learn about their stories and assess what the right path is for their needs and goals. Having a client who is open and receptive to therapy is all a therapist could and should ask for.
I have experience working with clients who suffer from a range of mental illnesses, including depression, anxiety, adjustment disorder, and more. I take an approach that involves meeting clients where they are. I learn about their stories and assess what the right path is for their needs and goals. Having a client who is open and receptive to therapy is all a therapist could and should ask for.
(330) 624-8629 View (330) 624-8629
1

See more therapy options for Brunswick

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Brunswick, OH

90+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Brunswick, OH who prioritize treating:

93% Depression
89% Anxiety
80% Trauma and PTSD
80% Stress
77% Grief
74% Life Transitions
72% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

92% Aetna
92% Cigna and Evernorth
89% Elevance

How Therapists in Brunswick, OH see their clients

79% In Person and Online
21% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
20% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Brunswick?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.