Therapists in Bethlehem, PA

Photo of Amy Miller Cohen, Psychologist in Bethlehem, PA
Amy Miller Cohen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Waitlist for new clients
I started working in the Lehigh Valley in 1979 after post-doctoral training in marriage and family therapy. My focus now is on helping people age through their senior years with creativity and grace, using writing, visual images, and a psychological and spiritual method called SoulCollage®. I assist people going through transitions in their lives as well as those who are stuck. My ideal client is between the ages of 40 and 80+, who is eager to learn about him/her self and move ahead with insight and wisdom. I also work with couples at all stages and writing memoirs.
I started working in the Lehigh Valley in 1979 after post-doctoral training in marriage and family therapy. My focus now is on helping people age through their senior years with creativity and grace, using writing, visual images, and a psychological and spiritual method called SoulCollage®. I assist people going through transitions in their lives as well as those who are stuck. My ideal client is between the ages of 40 and 80+, who is eager to learn about him/her self and move ahead with insight and wisdom. I also work with couples at all stages and writing memoirs.
(610) 867-1818 View (610) 867-1818
Photo of Transcending Radiance , Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Transcending Radiance
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CBIS
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18020
As a person-centered therapist, my goal is to assist clients using an empathetic approach that empowers and motivates the client in the therapeutic process. Each individual has the capacity and desire for personal growth and change. It is learning to recognize and trust human potential, providing clients with empathy and unconditional positive regard to help facilitate change. In therapy sessions, there will be support offered, guidance, and structure so the client can discover personalized solutions within themselves. I also offer Reiki sessions. Please contact for more information on this practice.
As a person-centered therapist, my goal is to assist clients using an empathetic approach that empowers and motivates the client in the therapeutic process. Each individual has the capacity and desire for personal growth and change. It is learning to recognize and trust human potential, providing clients with empathy and unconditional positive regard to help facilitate change. In therapy sessions, there will be support offered, guidance, and structure so the client can discover personalized solutions within themselves. I also offer Reiki sessions. Please contact for more information on this practice.
(484) 376-4814 View (484) 376-4814
Photo of Dr. Rebecca Assadnia, Psychologist in Bethlehem, PA
Dr. Rebecca Assadnia
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I provide therapy to adults struggling with a range of problems and focus on grief, health-based concerns, trauma, substance use, anxiety, and depression. I believe in meeting clients where they are and creating collaborative treatment plans that correspond with your values. My role is to guide and support as you intentionally move toward your goals. I believe we all have the skills needed to find our purpose, and I can help along the way.
I provide therapy to adults struggling with a range of problems and focus on grief, health-based concerns, trauma, substance use, anxiety, and depression. I believe in meeting clients where they are and creating collaborative treatment plans that correspond with your values. My role is to guide and support as you intentionally move toward your goals. I believe we all have the skills needed to find our purpose, and I can help along the way.
(484) 326-3698 View (484) 326-3698
Photo of Ulanda R. Davis, Pastoral Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Ulanda R. Davis
Pastoral Counselor, PhD, ND, CpastC, CPCT, HHSC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Hi. I'm Dr. Ulanda Davis. I offer Professional and Pastoral Counseling and Coaching and Naturopathic Care. I have helped many people over the last 20 years or so to develop healthy habits, relationships, and spirituality. Having support that you can to trust and relate to is very important to your success. I am genuinely sensitive to these needs and concerns without judgment. I'll work with you and be a support throughout the journey to wholeness. I offer a holistic approach to mental, emotional and physical wellness.
Hi. I'm Dr. Ulanda Davis. I offer Professional and Pastoral Counseling and Coaching and Naturopathic Care. I have helped many people over the last 20 years or so to develop healthy habits, relationships, and spirituality. Having support that you can to trust and relate to is very important to your success. I am genuinely sensitive to these needs and concerns without judgment. I'll work with you and be a support throughout the journey to wholeness. I offer a holistic approach to mental, emotional and physical wellness.
(484) 626-5024 View (484) 626-5024
Photo of Bea von Watzdorf, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Bea von Watzdorf
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MS, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Ever feel run down from taking care of others? Tired to the point of exhaustion but afraid or unable to stop? Unsure how you ended up where you are but sure you don't want to be there anymore? It's an easy place to find ourselves. What isn't easy is getting out of it. I can help. For over 20 years I've been providing a confidential, nurturing environment that in which people can safely figure out who they are and what they’re about. Working together, we explore life’s questions, challenges and opportunities, as well as the stories we're living by and the ones we want to live by.
Ever feel run down from taking care of others? Tired to the point of exhaustion but afraid or unable to stop? Unsure how you ended up where you are but sure you don't want to be there anymore? It's an easy place to find ourselves. What isn't easy is getting out of it. I can help. For over 20 years I've been providing a confidential, nurturing environment that in which people can safely figure out who they are and what they’re about. Working together, we explore life’s questions, challenges and opportunities, as well as the stories we're living by and the ones we want to live by.
(202) 600-8302 View (202) 600-8302
Photo of Kimberly Thurston-Brown, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Kimberly Thurston-Brown
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Have you been affected by adverse life experiences in childhood or as an adult? Do you feel stuck and lack motivation? Are you ready to heal and transform? I believe everyone's light is meant to shine no matter how dark times are or have been. I'm passionate about empowering others to overcome difficulties and thrive.
Have you been affected by adverse life experiences in childhood or as an adult? Do you feel stuck and lack motivation? Are you ready to heal and transform? I believe everyone's light is meant to shine no matter how dark times are or have been. I'm passionate about empowering others to overcome difficulties and thrive.
(484) 939-8855 View (484) 939-8855
Photo of Joseph M Paslawski, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bethlehem, PA
Joseph M Paslawski
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, MBA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I am a pre-licensed counselor with many years of corporate experience and now bring that life experience to clients. My areas of expertise include work-life and employment issues, couples therapy, and general life issues including experience with elder care. I have immediate openings for clients with Aetna and Cigna insurance as well as self-pay and OpenPath. Appointments can be made through Deadra Clewell Counseling, LLC. at 610-814-4869 or (484) 712-1359, or via email at JPaslawski.msmba at gmail.com.
I am a pre-licensed counselor with many years of corporate experience and now bring that life experience to clients. My areas of expertise include work-life and employment issues, couples therapy, and general life issues including experience with elder care. I have immediate openings for clients with Aetna and Cigna insurance as well as self-pay and OpenPath. Appointments can be made through Deadra Clewell Counseling, LLC. at 610-814-4869 or (484) 712-1359, or via email at JPaslawski.msmba at gmail.com.
(484) 712-1359 View (484) 712-1359
Photo of Cheryl Waite Gombocz, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Cheryl Waite Gombocz
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I believe everyone can benefit from therapeutic intervention, learning new coping skills, and changing unhealthy thought patterns. As a Licenced Professional Counselor I'm here to help you set goals and work to achieve them in a no-pressure, non-judgmental, safe environment. I have a calm, intuitive, and honest approach that allows you to work toward becoming the best version of yourself.
I believe everyone can benefit from therapeutic intervention, learning new coping skills, and changing unhealthy thought patterns. As a Licenced Professional Counselor I'm here to help you set goals and work to achieve them in a no-pressure, non-judgmental, safe environment. I have a calm, intuitive, and honest approach that allows you to work toward becoming the best version of yourself.
(610) 467-9948 View (610) 467-9948
Photo of Sarah King, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Sarah King
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I offer a variety of treatment options and styles depending on the needs of my clients. I am trained and certified in Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in addition to many other modalities. I have a wide breadth of experience in the mental health field working with individuals, groups, families, children, couples, and co-parents.
I offer a variety of treatment options and styles depending on the needs of my clients. I am trained and certified in Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in addition to many other modalities. I have a wide breadth of experience in the mental health field working with individuals, groups, families, children, couples, and co-parents.
(484) 619-3604 View (484) 619-3604
Photo of Tracy E Hill PhD & Associates LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Tracy E Hill PhD & Associates LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, PMHNP, LPC, PhD, LCSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Tracy E. Hill PhD & Associates LLC has a variety of clinicians to choose from. Whether you want virtual (NY residents) or in person; we have clinicians who are licensed in Connecticut, Colorado, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. We offer both virtual and in person sessions. We have a licensed psychiatric nurse practitioner, licensed social workers and licensed professional counselors along with Ph.D.s. Our team of dedicated professional clinicians can help you figure life out when life becomes complicated.
Tracy E. Hill PhD & Associates LLC has a variety of clinicians to choose from. Whether you want virtual (NY residents) or in person; we have clinicians who are licensed in Connecticut, Colorado, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. We offer both virtual and in person sessions. We have a licensed psychiatric nurse practitioner, licensed social workers and licensed professional counselors along with Ph.D.s. Our team of dedicated professional clinicians can help you figure life out when life becomes complicated.
(484) 873-4187 View (484) 873-4187
Photo of Lauren Bauer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Lauren Bauer
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Lauren Bauer is a Registered and Board-Certified Art Therapist as well as a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC, ATR-BC) in the state of Pennsylvania working the last 5 years in a variety of settings supporting children, adolescents, adults, and older adults with trauma, anxiety, depression, severe mental illness, behavioral issues, and life transitions.
Lauren Bauer is a Registered and Board-Certified Art Therapist as well as a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC, ATR-BC) in the state of Pennsylvania working the last 5 years in a variety of settings supporting children, adolescents, adults, and older adults with trauma, anxiety, depression, severe mental illness, behavioral issues, and life transitions.
(484) 759-9354 View (484) 759-9354
Photo of Toni-Ann McErlean, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bethlehem, PA
Toni-Ann McErlean
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
How did I get here? How do I get things back things back on track? Through counseling you will find the tools to challenge problematic behaviors and thoughts patterns and resolve them. I have skill and experience working with adolescents as young as 13 and adults. My main areas of clinical expertise include substance use, gambling addiction, anxiety, adjustment to life transitions, depression, bi-polar, self-esteem, relational issues, Borderline Personality Disorder, stress, imposter syndrome (career issues or phase of life issues), women’s issues, sexuality issues, coping skills, codependency and family conflict.
How did I get here? How do I get things back things back on track? Through counseling you will find the tools to challenge problematic behaviors and thoughts patterns and resolve them. I have skill and experience working with adolescents as young as 13 and adults. My main areas of clinical expertise include substance use, gambling addiction, anxiety, adjustment to life transitions, depression, bi-polar, self-esteem, relational issues, Borderline Personality Disorder, stress, imposter syndrome (career issues or phase of life issues), women’s issues, sexuality issues, coping skills, codependency and family conflict.
(610) 320-2366 x1 View (610) 320-2366 x1
Photo of Amanda Loper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Amanda Loper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020
We all want to find happiness and fulfillment in life, however, our experiences and circumstances often feel in the way of acheiving happiness. Through therapy, we will explore how your personal barriers, history, anxiety, and moods, prevent you from finding the peace you are seeking. Using a strengths based perspective, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and various therapeutic exercises, I will work with you to find your voice and inspiration; creating the life you want. With a strong focus on offering yourself compassion and grace, I will encourage you to develop a deep sense of self-love, which makes all things possible.
We all want to find happiness and fulfillment in life, however, our experiences and circumstances often feel in the way of acheiving happiness. Through therapy, we will explore how your personal barriers, history, anxiety, and moods, prevent you from finding the peace you are seeking. Using a strengths based perspective, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and various therapeutic exercises, I will work with you to find your voice and inspiration; creating the life you want. With a strong focus on offering yourself compassion and grace, I will encourage you to develop a deep sense of self-love, which makes all things possible.
(610) 991-8151 View (610) 991-8151
Photo of Angelique Gutekunst, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Angelique Gutekunst
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Hello, thanks for stopping! I am an online-only trauma therapist certified in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing) and Dissociative Disorders. I have 15 years of experience in the corporate world and understand those challenges. If you want relief from trauma responses and want a caring person to join you in your journey, I am that person. I have personally been on this path to healing. EMDR has been the most life-changing experience. I understand childhood trauma from an educational and personal lens.
Hello, thanks for stopping! I am an online-only trauma therapist certified in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing) and Dissociative Disorders. I have 15 years of experience in the corporate world and understand those challenges. If you want relief from trauma responses and want a caring person to join you in your journey, I am that person. I have personally been on this path to healing. EMDR has been the most life-changing experience. I understand childhood trauma from an educational and personal lens.
(484) 992-8610 View (484) 992-8610
Photo of Nicole Venskytis, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Nicole Venskytis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018  (Online Only)
Overwhelmed or life got you down? Relationship struggles? My goal is to help you as you go through the stressors of life and we can generate solutions together. Sometimes we can even find some humor in it all. I strive to find creative ways to approach our work together. I specialize in working with clients with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, relationship issues, complex PTSD, ADHD, and families of addiction. I utilize modalities of client-centered, family systems, trauma-informed care, solution-focused, CBT, strengths-based, multicultural perspectives, and existential and spiritual approaches to form a holistic approach.
Overwhelmed or life got you down? Relationship struggles? My goal is to help you as you go through the stressors of life and we can generate solutions together. Sometimes we can even find some humor in it all. I strive to find creative ways to approach our work together. I specialize in working with clients with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, relationship issues, complex PTSD, ADHD, and families of addiction. I utilize modalities of client-centered, family systems, trauma-informed care, solution-focused, CBT, strengths-based, multicultural perspectives, and existential and spiritual approaches to form a holistic approach.
(610) 546-2794 View (610) 546-2794
Photo of Kenneth Fulton Resig, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Kenneth Fulton Resig
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Kenneth Fulton-Resig is a Licensed Professional Counselor and Licensed Behavioral Specialist in the state of Pennsylvania with over 10 years of experience working in the mental health field. He treats individuals from pre-teens to older adults, working with diverse individuals and backgrounds. Kenneth’s work history includes helping individuals in the LGBTQIA+ community as well as others with trauma, dissociation, anxiety, life transitions, depression, sexuality, alternative lifestyles, sexual dysfunction, and much more.
Kenneth Fulton-Resig is a Licensed Professional Counselor and Licensed Behavioral Specialist in the state of Pennsylvania with over 10 years of experience working in the mental health field. He treats individuals from pre-teens to older adults, working with diverse individuals and backgrounds. Kenneth’s work history includes helping individuals in the LGBTQIA+ community as well as others with trauma, dissociation, anxiety, life transitions, depression, sexuality, alternative lifestyles, sexual dysfunction, and much more.
(484) 759-9436 View (484) 759-9436
Photo of Laura N (Gross) Danner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Laura N (Gross) Danner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
I feel that all clients have a choice in their treatment and should have access to an array of techniques to address their needs. I also think is is important that clients find a therapist that is a good "fit" for them. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, Solution-Focused, and Strength-Based techniques in my work. I also believe in the importance of taking care of your physical health in conjunction with mental health. I help to identify triggers to symptoms as well as creating healthier coping strategies and boundaries.
I feel that all clients have a choice in their treatment and should have access to an array of techniques to address their needs. I also think is is important that clients find a therapist that is a good "fit" for them. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, Solution-Focused, and Strength-Based techniques in my work. I also believe in the importance of taking care of your physical health in conjunction with mental health. I help to identify triggers to symptoms as well as creating healthier coping strategies and boundaries.
(484) 652-8670 View (484) 652-8670
Photo of Jennifer Bruno, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Jennifer Bruno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Welcome, my name is Jennifer. Have you found yourself feeling fatigued, stressed and/or overwhelmed? Are you feeling conflicted and/or confused? Struggling with adapting to a recent change or making some tough but necessary decisions? Do you sometimes feel lost, alone, rejected, betrayed or brokenhearted? Find yourself stuck in the past, trapped in the present or worried about the future? If you answered yes to any of the questions listed above, there is hope. I believe change is possible through self awareness, education and consistent application of skills learned.
Welcome, my name is Jennifer. Have you found yourself feeling fatigued, stressed and/or overwhelmed? Are you feeling conflicted and/or confused? Struggling with adapting to a recent change or making some tough but necessary decisions? Do you sometimes feel lost, alone, rejected, betrayed or brokenhearted? Find yourself stuck in the past, trapped in the present or worried about the future? If you answered yes to any of the questions listed above, there is hope. I believe change is possible through self awareness, education and consistent application of skills learned.
(610) 557-3546 View (610) 557-3546
Photo of Jamie Hunara, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Jamie Hunara
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Having dedicated years to the field of mental health, I have had the privilege of guiding individuals and families towards achieving improved mental and emotional well-being. My approach is rooted in activity-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, where I focus on engaging children, adolescents, and their caregivers in a collaborative process. I am passionate about tailoring activities that promote cognitive skills, relationship coaching, competency development, and Brain-Based Learning.
Having dedicated years to the field of mental health, I have had the privilege of guiding individuals and families towards achieving improved mental and emotional well-being. My approach is rooted in activity-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, where I focus on engaging children, adolescents, and their caregivers in a collaborative process. I am passionate about tailoring activities that promote cognitive skills, relationship coaching, competency development, and Brain-Based Learning.
(484) 613-3855 View (484) 613-3855
Photo of Sara Struckmann, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Sara Struckmann
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I work well with mood problems, anxiety, substance use problems and trauma. I also enjoy helping clients who are struggling with low self-esteem, codependent relationships, and those uncertain about their purpose or direction in life. If you're feeling lost, therapy can help you to find a sense of meaning.
I work well with mood problems, anxiety, substance use problems and trauma. I also enjoy helping clients who are struggling with low self-esteem, codependent relationships, and those uncertain about their purpose or direction in life. If you're feeling lost, therapy can help you to find a sense of meaning.
(610) 320-2366 View (610) 320-2366

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bethlehem, PA

300+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Bethlehem, PA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
71% Coping Skills
68% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Highmark
75% Aetna
71% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Bethlehem, PA see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bethlehem?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.