Therapists in Tuxedo Park, NY

Photo of Stephanie McKinney - Stephanie McKinney: OCD, Anxiety & EMDR Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Stephanie McKinney: OCD, Anxiety & EMDR Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Many of my clients struggle with constant "what ifs," intrusive thoughts, or a nagging sense of worry they can’t shake. I often talk to people who struggle with checking things repeatedly to feel safe, or anxiety after a traumatic event has made daily life feel overwhelming. I also work with clients who are experiencing prenatal or postpartum anxiety and want to enjoy this time more fully. These feelings can be exhausting, defeating and isolating, but therapy with me means you don’t have to face anxiety or OCD alone. Support is available, and healing is possible.
Many of my clients struggle with constant "what ifs," intrusive thoughts, or a nagging sense of worry they can’t shake. I often talk to people who struggle with checking things repeatedly to feel safe, or anxiety after a traumatic event has made daily life feel overwhelming. I also work with clients who are experiencing prenatal or postpartum anxiety and want to enjoy this time more fully. These feelings can be exhausting, defeating and isolating, but therapy with me means you don’t have to face anxiety or OCD alone. Support is available, and healing is possible.
(845) 328-4043 View (845) 328-4043
Photo of Deanna Kessler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW, CYT-200
Deanna Kessler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW, CYT-200
12 Endorsed
Online Only
Your anxiety isn’t a sign that something’s “wrong” with you - it’s a sign that your body and mind are carrying too much. When you’re used to pushing yourself, achieving more, and showing up for everyone, slowing down can feel challenging. Even with all the self-awareness you’ve gained from previous therapy, your body may still feel restless, tense, or stuck. You’re looking for a deeper kind of healing that goes beyond talking, one that helps you connect with your body, feel more regulated, and finally experience peace.
Your anxiety isn’t a sign that something’s “wrong” with you - it’s a sign that your body and mind are carrying too much. When you’re used to pushing yourself, achieving more, and showing up for everyone, slowing down can feel challenging. Even with all the self-awareness you’ve gained from previous therapy, your body may still feel restless, tense, or stuck. You’re looking for a deeper kind of healing that goes beyond talking, one that helps you connect with your body, feel more regulated, and finally experience peace.
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Photo of Marina Sud, Psychologist, PsyD
Marina Sud
Psychologist, PsyD
Online Only
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over 23 years of experience helping individuals navigate grief, depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship challenges, and the journey of self-discovery. My practice is conducted exclusively online via HIPAA-compliant telemedicine, ensuring privacy, convenience, and accessibility. My approach is spiritually integrated and insight-oriented—designed to honor each person’s unique life path. I blend introspection with positivity and evidence-based therapeutic tools, creating a safe, supportive space for meaningful growth and healing.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over 23 years of experience helping individuals navigate grief, depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship challenges, and the journey of self-discovery. My practice is conducted exclusively online via HIPAA-compliant telemedicine, ensuring privacy, convenience, and accessibility. My approach is spiritually integrated and insight-oriented—designed to honor each person’s unique life path. I blend introspection with positivity and evidence-based therapeutic tools, creating a safe, supportive space for meaningful growth and healing.
(845) 456-8662 View (845) 456-8662
Photo of Emily Buono, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Emily Buono
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Online Only
I believe we all want to wake up feeling happy and fulfilled each day, but sometimes life throws a wrench in our plans. Have you been feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or lost lately? Are you trying to find meaning in your current situation? Or, perhaps you need a dedicated space to explore and get a deeper understanding of your life's experiences? If you're looking to build skills to manage stress, gain insight into your innermost processes, and recognize patterns in your interpersonal relationships, all while learning how to be kinder to yourself, I want to provide you with a supportive environment to help you achieve those goals.
I believe we all want to wake up feeling happy and fulfilled each day, but sometimes life throws a wrench in our plans. Have you been feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or lost lately? Are you trying to find meaning in your current situation? Or, perhaps you need a dedicated space to explore and get a deeper understanding of your life's experiences? If you're looking to build skills to manage stress, gain insight into your innermost processes, and recognize patterns in your interpersonal relationships, all while learning how to be kinder to yourself, I want to provide you with a supportive environment to help you achieve those goals.
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Photo of Kristina Garritano Hoti, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Kristina Garritano Hoti
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Serves Area
As a provider, I value collaboration and constant evaluation when treating individuals and families experiencing a wide range of challenges. I view myself and my clients as partners and equals. I recognize that you are the “expert” when it comes to your own life, feelings, motivations, and experiences. My goal is to use my knowledge of practical tools and therapeutic approaches, to explore solutions to suit your individual needs.
As a provider, I value collaboration and constant evaluation when treating individuals and families experiencing a wide range of challenges. I view myself and my clients as partners and equals. I recognize that you are the “expert” when it comes to your own life, feelings, motivations, and experiences. My goal is to use my knowledge of practical tools and therapeutic approaches, to explore solutions to suit your individual needs.
(845) 456-9229 View (845) 456-9229
Photo of Marisa DiMartino, Mental Health Counselor, MS Ed, LMHC, NCC
Marisa DiMartino
Mental Health Counselor, MS Ed, LMHC, NCC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
My therapist journey began as a school counselor, now retired, with years of experience supporting school-aged children. My ideal clientele includes young adults aged 16 to centenarians, struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship challenges, or personal growth. You may feel stuck or overwhelmed and seek a safe, non-judgmental space to explore your emotions, gain clarity, and heal. When ready for meaningful change, seek a therapist who blends traditional techniques with holistic approaches when your goal is emotional resilience, self-awareness, personal transformation, and stronger relationships to lead a more fulfilling life.
My therapist journey began as a school counselor, now retired, with years of experience supporting school-aged children. My ideal clientele includes young adults aged 16 to centenarians, struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship challenges, or personal growth. You may feel stuck or overwhelmed and seek a safe, non-judgmental space to explore your emotions, gain clarity, and heal. When ready for meaningful change, seek a therapist who blends traditional techniques with holistic approaches when your goal is emotional resilience, self-awareness, personal transformation, and stronger relationships to lead a more fulfilling life.
(516) 363-4694 View (516) 363-4694
Photo of Dr. Jennifer Rubinstein Murray, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Jennifer Rubinstein Murray
Psychologist, PsyD
Online Only
Relationships are one of the most rewarding yet challenging aspects of our lives. Whether you are managing demanding careers, juggling family responsibilities, or striving for success, it can sometimes feel like your relationship takes a backseat. I’m here to help you prioritize your connection, deepen your communication, and resolve conflicts constructively, so you can thrive both individually and together. Together, we will: Strengthen your communication to foster greater understanding & empathy. Develop conflict resolution strategies that reduce tension & promote growth. Enhance your intimacy both emotionally & physically
Relationships are one of the most rewarding yet challenging aspects of our lives. Whether you are managing demanding careers, juggling family responsibilities, or striving for success, it can sometimes feel like your relationship takes a backseat. I’m here to help you prioritize your connection, deepen your communication, and resolve conflicts constructively, so you can thrive both individually and together. Together, we will: Strengthen your communication to foster greater understanding & empathy. Develop conflict resolution strategies that reduce tension & promote growth. Enhance your intimacy both emotionally & physically
(203) 437-4192 View (203) 437-4192
Photo of Jason Stefano, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Jason Stefano
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
As a compassionate and skilled psychotherapist, I provide a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space where individuals can explore their thoughts, emotions, and challenges. I understand that reaching out for therapy can be a vulnerable step, and I strive to create an environment where you feel comfortable, heard, and understood. My therapeutic approach is grounded in evidence-based techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), psychodynamic therapy, and mindfulness practices. Whether you're navigating anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or life transitions, I am here to help.
As a compassionate and skilled psychotherapist, I provide a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space where individuals can explore their thoughts, emotions, and challenges. I understand that reaching out for therapy can be a vulnerable step, and I strive to create an environment where you feel comfortable, heard, and understood. My therapeutic approach is grounded in evidence-based techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), psychodynamic therapy, and mindfulness practices. Whether you're navigating anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or life transitions, I am here to help.
(845) 552-0990 View (845) 552-0990
Photo of Gabrielle Fassman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Gabrielle Fassman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Serves Area
My hope is to create a safe, nonjudgmental space to offer you the opportunity for self-growth, self-reflection, and develop ultimate balance within yourself. My practice is psychodynamically informed and inspired by a belief that properly guided therapeutic work can provide a sense of freedom when we are motivated and willing to make brave changes. My priority is to build a strong therapeutic connection in order to inspire and support your growth. I specialize in adolescents and adults struggling with mood disorders, substance abuse/misuse disorders, eating disorders, gender identity and sexuality issues, and survivors of trauma.
My hope is to create a safe, nonjudgmental space to offer you the opportunity for self-growth, self-reflection, and develop ultimate balance within yourself. My practice is psychodynamically informed and inspired by a belief that properly guided therapeutic work can provide a sense of freedom when we are motivated and willing to make brave changes. My priority is to build a strong therapeutic connection in order to inspire and support your growth. I specialize in adolescents and adults struggling with mood disorders, substance abuse/misuse disorders, eating disorders, gender identity and sexuality issues, and survivors of trauma.
(845) 209-0954 View (845) 209-0954
Photo of Jessica D Buck, MS, C-IAYT, RYT-500
Jessica D Buck
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I have learned that when we can increase our ability to regulate our stress response, we can truly change the way we engage in our life in a more meaningful and purposeful way. You don’t have to believe that stress and anxiety controls your life, you have the agency to choose how you breathe and how you move. It starts with bringing awareness to these aspects of you first and then working with your capacity where you are. I’d love to be a part of your evolution and I am eager to get to apply this unique integrative lens that combines multiple modalities through a compassionate trauma-informed lens.
I have learned that when we can increase our ability to regulate our stress response, we can truly change the way we engage in our life in a more meaningful and purposeful way. You don’t have to believe that stress and anxiety controls your life, you have the agency to choose how you breathe and how you move. It starts with bringing awareness to these aspects of you first and then working with your capacity where you are. I’d love to be a part of your evolution and I am eager to get to apply this unique integrative lens that combines multiple modalities through a compassionate trauma-informed lens.
(845) 280-5983 View (845) 280-5983
Photo of Sara Aufgang, Counselor, LMHC
Sara Aufgang
Counselor, LMHC
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Whether you're struggling with daily stressors or processing deeper trauma, I will provide a safe and non-judgmental environment where all emotions and experiences are welcomed and supported.
Whether you're struggling with daily stressors or processing deeper trauma, I will provide a safe and non-judgmental environment where all emotions and experiences are welcomed and supported.
(845) 622-5953 View (845) 622-5953
Photo of Jessica Bedziner, Psychologist, PsyD
Jessica Bedziner
Psychologist, PsyD
Serves Area
Are intrusive thoughts, anxiety, or constant checking taking over your day? Many people with OCD and anxiety disorders feel stuck in exhausting “what if” loops, panic spirals, or perfectionistic urges, appearing fine on the outside while feeling overwhelmed inside. I am a licensed psychologist in Nassau County, NY, specializing in anxiety disorders, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD), and I understand how exhausting it can feel when your mind never slows down.
Are intrusive thoughts, anxiety, or constant checking taking over your day? Many people with OCD and anxiety disorders feel stuck in exhausting “what if” loops, panic spirals, or perfectionistic urges, appearing fine on the outside while feeling overwhelmed inside. I am a licensed psychologist in Nassau County, NY, specializing in anxiety disorders, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD), and I understand how exhausting it can feel when your mind never slows down.
(516) 614-4346 View (516) 614-4346
Photo of Dr. Stephanie Monaco - Stephanie Monaco, MD, PLLC, MD
Stephanie Monaco, MD, PLLC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Hello, I’m Dr. Monaco, a psychiatrist and therapist specializing in IMAGO-informed couples therapy, individual psychotherapy, and medication management. I work with couples who feel disconnected, overwhelmed, or concerned about the future of their relationship and who are seeking thoughtful, high-level care. My dual medical and therapeutic training allows me to address the emotional, relational, and biological factors impacting intimacy, communication, and trust. Through an integrative, insight-driven approach, I help couples break entrenched patterns, restore emotional safety, and rebuild lasting connection.
Hello, I’m Dr. Monaco, a psychiatrist and therapist specializing in IMAGO-informed couples therapy, individual psychotherapy, and medication management. I work with couples who feel disconnected, overwhelmed, or concerned about the future of their relationship and who are seeking thoughtful, high-level care. My dual medical and therapeutic training allows me to address the emotional, relational, and biological factors impacting intimacy, communication, and trust. Through an integrative, insight-driven approach, I help couples break entrenched patterns, restore emotional safety, and rebuild lasting connection.
(646) 640-8839 View (646) 640-8839
Photo of Hailey Randell, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC-D
Hailey Randell
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC-D
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
As a Licensed Mental Health Counselor, I bring a multicultural lens and a uniquely varied professional background to my work with clients. I work with children (ages 7+), adolescents, adults, and families, offering a warm, validating space for exploration and growth. My approach is collaborative and insight-driven—I prioritize understanding your story in its cultural, relational, and personal context.
As a Licensed Mental Health Counselor, I bring a multicultural lens and a uniquely varied professional background to my work with clients. I work with children (ages 7+), adolescents, adults, and families, offering a warm, validating space for exploration and growth. My approach is collaborative and insight-driven—I prioritize understanding your story in its cultural, relational, and personal context.
(845) 448-8892 View (845) 448-8892

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Sharon Carr J Carr, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Sharon Carr J Carr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
New York, NY 10027
I provide therapy for depression, anxiety, and insomnia. I specialize in working with individuals in 12 step recovery, older adults navigating challenges related to aging, and adult survivors of childhood trauma, abuse, and neglect.
I provide therapy for depression, anxiety, and insomnia. I specialize in working with individuals in 12 step recovery, older adults navigating challenges related to aging, and adult survivors of childhood trauma, abuse, and neglect.
(646) 736-4681 View (646) 736-4681
Photo of Dr. Christine Hoskins, Psychologist, PhD
Dr. Christine Hoskins
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Larchmont, NY 10538
I work with adolescents and young adults who are navigating anxiety, identity confusion, executive dysfunction, academic stress, or the lingering effects of past trauma. Many of my clients feel misunderstood or overwhelmed by internal and external expectations. They want to understand themselves better, build confidence, manage stress, and feel more grounded and empowered in their daily lives.
I work with adolescents and young adults who are navigating anxiety, identity confusion, executive dysfunction, academic stress, or the lingering effects of past trauma. Many of my clients feel misunderstood or overwhelmed by internal and external expectations. They want to understand themselves better, build confidence, manage stress, and feel more grounded and empowered in their daily lives.
(914) 368-0251 View (914) 368-0251
Photo of Ian Laidlaw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, MA, BSc
Ian Laidlaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, MA, BSc
6 Endorsed
West Nyack, NY 10994
If you're struggling with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), or if your child is struggling with OCD (including OCD due to PANS/PANDAS), I can help. Your efforts to manage your or your child's OCD, while creative and sincere, seem to be less effective over time, and more and more of your time is taken up trying to manage your fears and anxieties with less and less relief. Over time it may be cutting you or your child off from friends, making it harder to work or complete your education, harder to freely go where you want, and it feels like your life is getting smaller as your OCD symptoms get worse.
If you're struggling with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), or if your child is struggling with OCD (including OCD due to PANS/PANDAS), I can help. Your efforts to manage your or your child's OCD, while creative and sincere, seem to be less effective over time, and more and more of your time is taken up trying to manage your fears and anxieties with less and less relief. Over time it may be cutting you or your child off from friends, making it harder to work or complete your education, harder to freely go where you want, and it feels like your life is getting smaller as your OCD symptoms get worse.
(845) 262-4407 View (845) 262-4407
Photo of Shemsi Prinzivalli, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, BCTS
Shemsi Prinzivalli
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, BCTS
Serves Area
With over 25 years of experience in the mental health field, I work with a wide range of human difficulties. From individuals struggling with anxiety or depression, to young adults trying to find their way or having obsessive/compulsive issues, I believe my work is to provide a nonjudgmental environment in which to find solutions. Throughout the years I have trained in a wide spectrum of modalities, ranging from cognitive-behavioral therapy, to attachment theory and advanced work with the subconscious mind. And sometimes just talking about an issue in a safe environment, giving it words, allows the next step towards a happier life.
With over 25 years of experience in the mental health field, I work with a wide range of human difficulties. From individuals struggling with anxiety or depression, to young adults trying to find their way or having obsessive/compulsive issues, I believe my work is to provide a nonjudgmental environment in which to find solutions. Throughout the years I have trained in a wide spectrum of modalities, ranging from cognitive-behavioral therapy, to attachment theory and advanced work with the subconscious mind. And sometimes just talking about an issue in a safe environment, giving it words, allows the next step towards a happier life.
(551) 955-0261 View (551) 955-0261
Photo of Dr. Brittni Poster, Psychologist, PhD, HSP
Dr. Brittni Poster
Psychologist, PhD, HSP
Online Only
We often underestimate past experiences' effect on our personality, self-image, and current relational patterns. Together, we will bridge gaps between the past and present and identify the patterns of behavior, coping, and interpersonal functioning that no longer serve you. My approach to therapy is non-judgmental, empathic, and candid, with humoristic relief. I firmly believe therapy isn't changing you if it isn't challenging you. I strive to build a solid therapeutic relationship and supportive foundation to safely explore uncomfortable thoughts and feelings and promote a greater understanding of self and others.
We often underestimate past experiences' effect on our personality, self-image, and current relational patterns. Together, we will bridge gaps between the past and present and identify the patterns of behavior, coping, and interpersonal functioning that no longer serve you. My approach to therapy is non-judgmental, empathic, and candid, with humoristic relief. I firmly believe therapy isn't changing you if it isn't challenging you. I strive to build a solid therapeutic relationship and supportive foundation to safely explore uncomfortable thoughts and feelings and promote a greater understanding of self and others.
(347) 708-8258 View (347) 708-8258
Photo of Jessica Mofield, Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Jessica Mofield
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi there! As a psychotherapist and wellness coach, I help high-achieving individuals—executives, creatives, and entrepreneurs—find emotional balance and fulfillment. With over ten years of strategic leadership experience in the public and nonprofit sectors, I deeply understand the pressures of ambition, building something meaningful, and living authentically. Therapy and coaching are distinct yet equally powerful tools in my practice. Therapy offers emotional healing and self-discovery, while coaching turns those insights into action.
Hi there! As a psychotherapist and wellness coach, I help high-achieving individuals—executives, creatives, and entrepreneurs—find emotional balance and fulfillment. With over ten years of strategic leadership experience in the public and nonprofit sectors, I deeply understand the pressures of ambition, building something meaningful, and living authentically. Therapy and coaching are distinct yet equally powerful tools in my practice. Therapy offers emotional healing and self-discovery, while coaching turns those insights into action.
(929) 595-7829 View (929) 595-7829

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tuxedo Park, NY

10+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Tuxedo Park, NY who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
86% Stress
86% Life Transitions
79% Relationship Issues
79% Coping Skills
79% Women's Issues
71% Depression

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Aetna
67% Anthem
50% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Tuxedo Park, NY see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

92% Female
8% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tuxedo Park?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.