Therapists in Katonah, NY

Photo of Stefanie A Diggins Westrick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Stefanie A Diggins Westrick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Katonah, NY 10536
With over 20 years of experience working with adolescents Stefanie is known for creating a warm, professional, and supportive environment, Stefanie works closely with teens and their families to foster growth, resilience, and lasting change. Whether addressing anxiety, depression, self-esteem, or behavioral challenges, Stefanie tailors interventions to meet each adolescent’s unique needs, empowering them to develop healthier coping skills and thrive. Stefanie is committed to guiding young individuals through life’s challenges with empathy, expertise, and a strengths-based approach.
With over 20 years of experience working with adolescents Stefanie is known for creating a warm, professional, and supportive environment, Stefanie works closely with teens and their families to foster growth, resilience, and lasting change. Whether addressing anxiety, depression, self-esteem, or behavioral challenges, Stefanie tailors interventions to meet each adolescent’s unique needs, empowering them to develop healthier coping skills and thrive. Stefanie is committed to guiding young individuals through life’s challenges with empathy, expertise, and a strengths-based approach.
(203) 437-4113 View (203) 437-4113
Photo of Bruce Santner, Psychologist, PhD
Bruce Santner
Psychologist, PhD
Katonah, NY 10536
Not accepting new clients
I started as a staff psychologist in 1973 working at South Beach Psychiatric Center, an outpatient clinic in Brooklyn. In my 21 years there, I rose to the position of clinic director, which I held for 6 years before leaving. After moving to Westchester County, I became the director of the Clinic and Day Hospital Outpatient Programs of Rockland Psychiatric Center in White Plains. After 8 years as director, I left in 2003 and then worked for 10 years as a staff psychologist and supervisor of psychology interns and externs at Westchester Jewish Community Services in Hartsdale. I maintain a private practice in Katonah.
I started as a staff psychologist in 1973 working at South Beach Psychiatric Center, an outpatient clinic in Brooklyn. In my 21 years there, I rose to the position of clinic director, which I held for 6 years before leaving. After moving to Westchester County, I became the director of the Clinic and Day Hospital Outpatient Programs of Rockland Psychiatric Center in White Plains. After 8 years as director, I left in 2003 and then worked for 10 years as a staff psychologist and supervisor of psychology interns and externs at Westchester Jewish Community Services in Hartsdale. I maintain a private practice in Katonah.
(914) 338-8972 View (914) 338-8972
Photo of Christina Lanzetta, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Christina Lanzetta
Counselor, MA, LMHC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
My name is Christina Lanzetta! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) in the state of New York. Whether you are starting therapy for the first time or making a return, finding the right therapist is so important. My goal as a clinician is to provide my clients with the support to work through life challenges and find happiness, stability, and growth.
My name is Christina Lanzetta! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) in the state of New York. Whether you are starting therapy for the first time or making a return, finding the right therapist is so important. My goal as a clinician is to provide my clients with the support to work through life challenges and find happiness, stability, and growth.
(914) 533-1753 View (914) 533-1753
Photo of David King, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
David King
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Katonah, NY 10536
When difficult personal and family issues occur, working with a very experienced and well trained therapist can really help. I have been in practice for 35 years, helping individuals, couples and families find solutions to problems with anxiety, ADHD, depression, phobias, OCD and trauma related issues. We will work together to take a comprehensive evaluation of your situation, and then focus in on specific changes that will to improve things. Our work may utilize individual, couples, family work, or a combination of these modalities. I work collaboratively with other professionals and school staff as needed.
When difficult personal and family issues occur, working with a very experienced and well trained therapist can really help. I have been in practice for 35 years, helping individuals, couples and families find solutions to problems with anxiety, ADHD, depression, phobias, OCD and trauma related issues. We will work together to take a comprehensive evaluation of your situation, and then focus in on specific changes that will to improve things. Our work may utilize individual, couples, family work, or a combination of these modalities. I work collaboratively with other professionals and school staff as needed.
(914) 297-9559 View (914) 297-9559
Photo of Courtney O'Brien-Ernest, Psychologist, PsyD
Courtney O'Brien-Ernest
Psychologist, PsyD
Katonah, NY 10536
As a licensed psychologist, I work to enhance the experience of my client at home, school, and within their community. I believe in a strength based approach that is unique to each client. While accomplishing therapeutic goals together, I utilize research-based interventions and value a strong collaborative relationship. While I treat a wide age range, young clients are referred to me most often for challenges with behavior, learning, and socialization. Additionally, I am extensively trained conducting psychoeducational testing and working with parents and schools to develop plans to help clients reach their full potential.
As a licensed psychologist, I work to enhance the experience of my client at home, school, and within their community. I believe in a strength based approach that is unique to each client. While accomplishing therapeutic goals together, I utilize research-based interventions and value a strong collaborative relationship. While I treat a wide age range, young clients are referred to me most often for challenges with behavior, learning, and socialization. Additionally, I am extensively trained conducting psychoeducational testing and working with parents and schools to develop plans to help clients reach their full potential.
(516) 629-5909 View (516) 629-5909
Photo of Andrea Spirn, Psychologist, PhD
Andrea Spirn
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Katonah, NY 10536
The experience of feeling truly heard and understood is in itself powerful and healing. If you are considering beginning therapy, you may feel alone with your suffering, suffocated or paralyzed by seemingly insurmountable problems. Within the safety and trust of the therapeutic relationship we develop, I will listen closely to you and remain present with your experience. We will work together to help you gain a sense of spaciousness, self-compassion and control around the issues that bring you to treatment.
The experience of feeling truly heard and understood is in itself powerful and healing. If you are considering beginning therapy, you may feel alone with your suffering, suffocated or paralyzed by seemingly insurmountable problems. Within the safety and trust of the therapeutic relationship we develop, I will listen closely to you and remain present with your experience. We will work together to help you gain a sense of spaciousness, self-compassion and control around the issues that bring you to treatment.
(914) 344-2099 View (914) 344-2099
Photo of Samuel Parton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Samuel Parton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Katonah, NY 10536
Sam specializes in CBT and DBT – two of the most effective evidence-based therapeutic modalities – to help clients of all ages change unhelpful thought processes, face their fears, learn better emotional regulation, and build interpersonal skills. Sam’s solution-focused, client-centric treatment helps clients define their goals and allows them to leverage their own strengths and support systems to achieve them. Clients praise his warm demeanor, which makes them feel heard and valued during sessions, and leave treatment with newfound confidence and the tools to navigate life's challenges successfully and lead more fulfilling lives.
Sam specializes in CBT and DBT – two of the most effective evidence-based therapeutic modalities – to help clients of all ages change unhelpful thought processes, face their fears, learn better emotional regulation, and build interpersonal skills. Sam’s solution-focused, client-centric treatment helps clients define their goals and allows them to leverage their own strengths and support systems to achieve them. Clients praise his warm demeanor, which makes them feel heard and valued during sessions, and leave treatment with newfound confidence and the tools to navigate life's challenges successfully and lead more fulfilling lives.
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Photo of Linda Jame, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Linda Jame
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Katonah, NY 10536
Attention...what does it take to get our attention? Usually, it's something unfamiliar. I work with individuals who experience a "symptom," a grief, a depression, an anxiety, a life-threatening illness, a crisis in an important relationship; a time when you are asked to pause, to pay attention to your self and bring curiosity to your life. A symptom is an invitation to look at the story of your life and visit where you have felt alone and where you need to come home to yourself in order to make this issue transform and experience more fulfillment.
Attention...what does it take to get our attention? Usually, it's something unfamiliar. I work with individuals who experience a "symptom," a grief, a depression, an anxiety, a life-threatening illness, a crisis in an important relationship; a time when you are asked to pause, to pay attention to your self and bring curiosity to your life. A symptom is an invitation to look at the story of your life and visit where you have felt alone and where you need to come home to yourself in order to make this issue transform and experience more fulfillment.
(914) 214-1724 View (914) 214-1724
Photo of Laura M. Vraney, Psychologist, PsyD
Laura M. Vraney
Psychologist, PsyD
Katonah, NY 10536
Thank you for visiting my profile. I am licensed in NY, CT, and MA. Psychotherapy is about educating and raising awareness so that we can non-judgmentally identify our patterns and manage life’s confusion. I appreciate a collaborative approach to help identify your needs and goals. I utilize an integration of evidence-based treatment, process therapy, and a mindfulness framework. I also take time to understand and integrate what makes each person unique, such as our mood, temperament, family system, environment, culture, and biology.
Thank you for visiting my profile. I am licensed in NY, CT, and MA. Psychotherapy is about educating and raising awareness so that we can non-judgmentally identify our patterns and manage life’s confusion. I appreciate a collaborative approach to help identify your needs and goals. I utilize an integration of evidence-based treatment, process therapy, and a mindfulness framework. I also take time to understand and integrate what makes each person unique, such as our mood, temperament, family system, environment, culture, and biology.
(914) 752-4435 View (914) 752-4435
Photo of Carolyn D Greene, Psychologist, PsyD
Carolyn D Greene
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
Katonah, NY 10536
Welcome! I am here to offer you help through life’s most difficult times and transitions. While I can help clients with a variety of issues, one of my areas of specialty is the treatment of depression and anxiety during pregnancy and the postpartum period. If you are struggling during a difficult life transition such as pregnancy or new parenthood, I can help. One of my other areas of expertise is the treatment of PTSD and other trauma-related conditions due to a variety of adverse, traumatic life experiences. My practice includes working with trauma related to military service, childhood abuse, birth trauma, and other experiences.
Welcome! I am here to offer you help through life’s most difficult times and transitions. While I can help clients with a variety of issues, one of my areas of specialty is the treatment of depression and anxiety during pregnancy and the postpartum period. If you are struggling during a difficult life transition such as pregnancy or new parenthood, I can help. One of my other areas of expertise is the treatment of PTSD and other trauma-related conditions due to a variety of adverse, traumatic life experiences. My practice includes working with trauma related to military service, childhood abuse, birth trauma, and other experiences.
(914) 863-6628 View (914) 863-6628
Photo of John Isaac Gerson, Psychologist, PhD
John Isaac Gerson
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Katonah, NY 10536
Throughout the 50 years I have been helping clients improve their lives, the resilience of the human spirit continually amazes me. I see therapy as a collaboration: my job is to listen carefully to the issues and concerns that worry and frustrate you and your job is to present your concerns to me. Together we will develop a working relationship with the goal of helping you overcome your problems and fears. It is my pleasure to join you in this journey.
Throughout the 50 years I have been helping clients improve their lives, the resilience of the human spirit continually amazes me. I see therapy as a collaboration: my job is to listen carefully to the issues and concerns that worry and frustrate you and your job is to present your concerns to me. Together we will develop a working relationship with the goal of helping you overcome your problems and fears. It is my pleasure to join you in this journey.
(914) 252-3218 View (914) 252-3218
Photo of Jason Duncan, Psychologist, PhD
Jason Duncan
Psychologist, PhD
Katonah, NY 10536
I am a psychologist providing therapy and assessment services for children through adults. I have extensive clinical experience and am an expert Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. I’ve been trained by top therapy institutes, am a board member for well accomplished CBT organizations, and run the official podcast for the national CBT organization. I strive to regularly advance my knowledge and provide leading scientific treatments. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, panic, OCD, trauma, stress, insomnia, ADHD, defiance, and work/school issues. Many of my clients lead busy lives; therefore, I offer evening appointments.
I am a psychologist providing therapy and assessment services for children through adults. I have extensive clinical experience and am an expert Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. I’ve been trained by top therapy institutes, am a board member for well accomplished CBT organizations, and run the official podcast for the national CBT organization. I strive to regularly advance my knowledge and provide leading scientific treatments. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, panic, OCD, trauma, stress, insomnia, ADHD, defiance, and work/school issues. Many of my clients lead busy lives; therefore, I offer evening appointments.
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Photo of Kathryn Marrone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWR
Kathryn Marrone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWR
Online Only
Managing emotions can be really difficult. At times it can be isolating when we feel others will not understand the struggle we are experiencing. My goal is to provide a comfortable and safe space for individuals to share thoughts and experiences that have been difficult to process with loved ones. My work as a therapist is very much guided by the individual who I am working with. I believe that therapy is a collaborative process. My role is to create an environment that allows individuals to feel supported in the process of gaining a deeper understanding of themselves.
Managing emotions can be really difficult. At times it can be isolating when we feel others will not understand the struggle we are experiencing. My goal is to provide a comfortable and safe space for individuals to share thoughts and experiences that have been difficult to process with loved ones. My work as a therapist is very much guided by the individual who I am working with. I believe that therapy is a collaborative process. My role is to create an environment that allows individuals to feel supported in the process of gaining a deeper understanding of themselves.
(914) 860-3531 View (914) 860-3531
Photo of Ranjana Hari, Psychologist, PsyD, NCSP
Ranjana Hari
Psychologist, PsyD, NCSP
Katonah, NY 10536
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist with an extensive and diverse background, spanning private practice, schools, college clinics, foster care, and hospitals, including acute care. With a passion for treating individuals of all ages, I specialize in harnessing the power of evidence-based therapies to create long-lasting positive change, focusing on the core of issues, rather than surface change. I take pride in fostering a safe, warm, and compassionate environment that embraces the unique perspectives of clients from diverse backgrounds. Even the most resistant patients find themselves engaged in the therapeutic process under my care.
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist with an extensive and diverse background, spanning private practice, schools, college clinics, foster care, and hospitals, including acute care. With a passion for treating individuals of all ages, I specialize in harnessing the power of evidence-based therapies to create long-lasting positive change, focusing on the core of issues, rather than surface change. I take pride in fostering a safe, warm, and compassionate environment that embraces the unique perspectives of clients from diverse backgrounds. Even the most resistant patients find themselves engaged in the therapeutic process under my care.
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Photo of Christine Peters, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Christine Peters
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Katonah, NY 10536
Christine has over 10 years of therapy experience, utilizing Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, and other approaches. She received her degree from New York University and is also a Board Certified Behavior Analyst. She has experience working with children, adolescents, and adults for a variety of issues. These include depression, Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety, phobias, panic, anger, stress, insomnia, ADHD, autism, developmental delays, and work/home/school issues.
Christine has over 10 years of therapy experience, utilizing Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, and other approaches. She received her degree from New York University and is also a Board Certified Behavior Analyst. She has experience working with children, adolescents, and adults for a variety of issues. These include depression, Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety, phobias, panic, anger, stress, insomnia, ADHD, autism, developmental delays, and work/home/school issues.
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Photo of Sara Weale - Day By Day Counseling PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, Sara Weale, LCSW, MPH
Day By Day Counseling PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, Sara Weale, LCSW, MPH
Katonah, NY 10536
Hello! Thanks for visiting the virtual home of Day By Day Counseling LCSW, PLLC – a private practice dedicated to supporting adults who find themselves experiencing loss and change. I am a licensed clinical social worker and Certified Grief Educator by David Kessler + Grief.com. I have worked in care settings for frail older adults including those living with dementia and also provided support to caregivers, family and patients at the end of life. I provide empathetic and compassionate therapeutic services to adults experiencing grief related to death, chronic illness, medical trauma, ambiguous loss and the end of relationships.
Hello! Thanks for visiting the virtual home of Day By Day Counseling LCSW, PLLC – a private practice dedicated to supporting adults who find themselves experiencing loss and change. I am a licensed clinical social worker and Certified Grief Educator by David Kessler + Grief.com. I have worked in care settings for frail older adults including those living with dementia and also provided support to caregivers, family and patients at the end of life. I provide empathetic and compassionate therapeutic services to adults experiencing grief related to death, chronic illness, medical trauma, ambiguous loss and the end of relationships.
(914) 340-1073 View (914) 340-1073
Photo of Deborah S Gershon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Deborah S Gershon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Katonah, NY 10536
Do you want to take control of your life but just don't know how? Maybe you are feeling unsatisfied or frustrated in your relationships or in your life. Maybe you are struggling with anxiety or depression or dealing with a life transition. I can help you gain clarity and control, resolve issues, and guide you to a more productive and happier place. My warm style, extensive experience and knowledge, and my direct and interactive approach has been very effective in helping many individuals and couples achieve their goals.
Do you want to take control of your life but just don't know how? Maybe you are feeling unsatisfied or frustrated in your relationships or in your life. Maybe you are struggling with anxiety or depression or dealing with a life transition. I can help you gain clarity and control, resolve issues, and guide you to a more productive and happier place. My warm style, extensive experience and knowledge, and my direct and interactive approach has been very effective in helping many individuals and couples achieve their goals.
(914) 801-8153 View (914) 801-8153
Photo of Dr. Bryanna Fatigate, Psychologist, PhD
Dr. Bryanna Fatigate
Psychologist, PhD
Katonah, NY 10536
Dr. Fatigate is a passionate therapist who utilizes highly effective treatments, such as CBT, DBT, and ACT, to empower her clients to achieve their goals. She has had extensive training at a renowned CBT/DBT training center and through Mount Sinai’s esteemed therapy programs. Through relationship building, collaboration, and adapting to each client’s needs, she provides holistic, tailored, and client-centered treatment. Her diverse experiences across outpatient, private practice, and hospitals allow her to connect with clients, regardless of what they are experiencing, and help them achieve symptom reduction and holistic well-being.
Dr. Fatigate is a passionate therapist who utilizes highly effective treatments, such as CBT, DBT, and ACT, to empower her clients to achieve their goals. She has had extensive training at a renowned CBT/DBT training center and through Mount Sinai’s esteemed therapy programs. Through relationship building, collaboration, and adapting to each client’s needs, she provides holistic, tailored, and client-centered treatment. Her diverse experiences across outpatient, private practice, and hospitals allow her to connect with clients, regardless of what they are experiencing, and help them achieve symptom reduction and holistic well-being.
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Photo of Debbie November, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Debbie November
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Katonah, NY 10536
Are you or a family member struggling with feelings of anxiety or sadness? Having issues with relationships? Just feel like making some changes in your life ? Whatever your issues are , if you need someone to listen to you (without judging) and help you navigate through some of life's difficult journeys, please reach out. I will stand with you in the mess and together we will work on putting some order into whatever chaos you feel. The first step is the hardest! Send me an email or pick up the phone and give me a call. Let's see if we can figure things out together.
Are you or a family member struggling with feelings of anxiety or sadness? Having issues with relationships? Just feel like making some changes in your life ? Whatever your issues are , if you need someone to listen to you (without judging) and help you navigate through some of life's difficult journeys, please reach out. I will stand with you in the mess and together we will work on putting some order into whatever chaos you feel. The first step is the hardest! Send me an email or pick up the phone and give me a call. Let's see if we can figure things out together.
(914) 344-2064 View (914) 344-2064
Photo of Michaela D'Urso, MS
Michaela D'Urso
Verified Verified
Katonah, NY 10536
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Katonah, NY

100+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in Katonah, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
82% Self Esteem
66% Parenting
64% Grief
64% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

18 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
67% Cigna and Evernorth
52% Oxford

How Therapists in Katonah, NY see their clients

83% In Person and Online
17% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Katonah?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.