Therapists in Camillus, NY

Photo of Jessica Pagan - CNY Thrive Mental Health Counseling, Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
CNY Thrive Mental Health Counseling
Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
Camillus, NY 13031
I approach therapy with an emphasis on empowerment, to aid an individual on their path to happiness.  My focus is helping an individual understand the roots to their emotional pain, and offering guidance in discovering methods to improve mental wellness.  I also assist with developing interventions to promote effective communication skills, increase self-advocacy, and foster healthy coping techniques.  Every life experience is an opportunity for growth, and I believe it’s vital to maintain emotional balance while growing, in order to find peace within life’s journey.
I approach therapy with an emphasis on empowerment, to aid an individual on their path to happiness.  My focus is helping an individual understand the roots to their emotional pain, and offering guidance in discovering methods to improve mental wellness.  I also assist with developing interventions to promote effective communication skills, increase self-advocacy, and foster healthy coping techniques.  Every life experience is an opportunity for growth, and I believe it’s vital to maintain emotional balance while growing, in order to find peace within life’s journey.
(315) 707-4393 View (315) 707-4393
Photo of Nicolelynn Carroccio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Nicolelynn Carroccio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Camillus, NY 13031
Not accepting new clients
I am EMDR trained. I find most people need to feel heard and seen for who they are and practice self-acceptance before major change can be implemented in their lives. My approach is client-centered and strength-based. People are unique and complex requiring therapy tailored to their personality, needs, and circumstances. I believe it's important to meet people where they are at in order for the therapeutic alliance to be successful. "You" decide what you want for your life. I will support your personal goals, help you learn about yourself, and help you develop a toolbox of coping skills to get you where you want to be at your pace.
I am EMDR trained. I find most people need to feel heard and seen for who they are and practice self-acceptance before major change can be implemented in their lives. My approach is client-centered and strength-based. People are unique and complex requiring therapy tailored to their personality, needs, and circumstances. I believe it's important to meet people where they are at in order for the therapeutic alliance to be successful. "You" decide what you want for your life. I will support your personal goals, help you learn about yourself, and help you develop a toolbox of coping skills to get you where you want to be at your pace.
(680) 206-7347 View (680) 206-7347
Photo of Michelle Fiorelli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Michelle Fiorelli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Are you struggling to manage the challenges that life throws at you and/or the emotions that you experience? I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 20 years of experience providing individual, family and group therapy. My approach to therapy is person centered, strength based and solution focused. Learning new ways to cope with and regulate emotions, shift negative thought patterns and/or communicate effectively will result in improved mood, physical health and overall well being.
Are you struggling to manage the challenges that life throws at you and/or the emotions that you experience? I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 20 years of experience providing individual, family and group therapy. My approach to therapy is person centered, strength based and solution focused. Learning new ways to cope with and regulate emotions, shift negative thought patterns and/or communicate effectively will result in improved mood, physical health and overall well being.
(315) 961-8541 View (315) 961-8541
Photo of Andrea Bestul, Counselor, LMHC
Andrea Bestul
Counselor, LMHC
Online Only
I’m a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) in New York, passionate about supporting individuals who are motivated to make meaningful changes in their lives. I provide a compassionate, non-judgmental space where clients can feel safe, heard, and empowered. In our work together, I focus on helping you gain self-awareness, identify and shift unhelpful patterns, and build on your strengths. Whether you're navigating a difficult life transition, facing a tough decision, working to improve relationships, or simply seeking greater clarity and balance, I’m here to help you move forward with confidence.
I’m a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) in New York, passionate about supporting individuals who are motivated to make meaningful changes in their lives. I provide a compassionate, non-judgmental space where clients can feel safe, heard, and empowered. In our work together, I focus on helping you gain self-awareness, identify and shift unhelpful patterns, and build on your strengths. Whether you're navigating a difficult life transition, facing a tough decision, working to improve relationships, or simply seeking greater clarity and balance, I’m here to help you move forward with confidence.
(315) 895-8230 View (315) 895-8230
Photo of David Babb, Counselor, MS, LMHC
David Babb
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Not accepting new clients at this time. Life is challenging and at times it can feel overwhelming. Maybe you're facing difficult choices and a future filled with uncertainty or perhaps you're carrying burdens from your past that are hard to reconcile. Sometimes tried and true methods of coping just seem to come up short. If you've been struggling with issues like anxiety, depression, relationships, or other personal challenges, then navigating alone, without help, can be very difficult.
Not accepting new clients at this time. Life is challenging and at times it can feel overwhelming. Maybe you're facing difficult choices and a future filled with uncertainty or perhaps you're carrying burdens from your past that are hard to reconcile. Sometimes tried and true methods of coping just seem to come up short. If you've been struggling with issues like anxiety, depression, relationships, or other personal challenges, then navigating alone, without help, can be very difficult.
(315) 757-1420 View (315) 757-1420
Photo of Alexandra Paul, Counselor, LMHC
Alexandra Paul
Counselor, LMHC
Camillus, NY 13031
Owning your story takes bravery and is an integral part of the journey toward transformative change. If you are reading this you are already taking the first courageous step in committing to your personal growth and healing. I believe that therapy should provide a safe space for you to process and make meaning of your life, in order to help you envision and move toward a life worth living. I am here to form a strong relationship with individuals, to be genuine and compassionate, and to collaborate with you to shape your life in a way that is authentic to you and promotes well-being.
Owning your story takes bravery and is an integral part of the journey toward transformative change. If you are reading this you are already taking the first courageous step in committing to your personal growth and healing. I believe that therapy should provide a safe space for you to process and make meaning of your life, in order to help you envision and move toward a life worth living. I am here to form a strong relationship with individuals, to be genuine and compassionate, and to collaborate with you to shape your life in a way that is authentic to you and promotes well-being.
(315) 306-3503 View (315) 306-3503
Photo of Robert J. Foresti - Robert J. Foresti, LCSW, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, MSW, MSEd, CAS
Robert J. Foresti, LCSW, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, MSW, MSEd, CAS
Camillus, NY 13031
Not accepting new clients
“What lies behind us and what lies before us are but tiny matters compared to what lies within us.” -Ralph Waldo Emerson. My approach to treatment is fairly simple: Facilitate real and lasting change with the combined approach of education, understanding, and a nonjudgmental stance. Before finding my way to social work twenty years ago, my profession was in the field of natural science. I came to understand that there is more overlap between natural science and therapy than I could have anticipated. As scientists, we are taught to appreciate the beauty and necessity of diversity in all things. The same is true for therapy.
“What lies behind us and what lies before us are but tiny matters compared to what lies within us.” -Ralph Waldo Emerson. My approach to treatment is fairly simple: Facilitate real and lasting change with the combined approach of education, understanding, and a nonjudgmental stance. Before finding my way to social work twenty years ago, my profession was in the field of natural science. I came to understand that there is more overlap between natural science and therapy than I could have anticipated. As scientists, we are taught to appreciate the beauty and necessity of diversity in all things. The same is true for therapy.
(315) 860-0682 View (315) 860-0682
Photo of Lewis Joshua Malgieri, Psychologist, PhD
Lewis Joshua Malgieri
Psychologist, PhD
Online Only
I am Empathic and Genuine in wanting to help a Patient. I Strive toward total actualization of Patients' potential and very concerned for their benefits. I have an honest interest in reaching Patient goals with empathic resonance.
I am Empathic and Genuine in wanting to help a Patient. I Strive toward total actualization of Patients' potential and very concerned for their benefits. I have an honest interest in reaching Patient goals with empathic resonance.
(315) 667-3609 View (315) 667-3609
Photo of Michelle VanHatten, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CTP
Michelle VanHatten
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CTP
5 Endorsed
Camillus, NY 13031
You lie awake at night, going over the day again and wondering where it all went wrong. Before you have time to figure it out, yet another hectic day has begun. As a parent of a child who has experienced a challenge or traumatic experience, it's like you're being asked to do it all. The problem is that there's never enough energy, time, or information to manage the difficult behaviors. Before you know it, you've seen multiple therapists and nothing seems to work. The parenting suggestions just don't fit the socially awkward tantrums, fits of rage, or your child's need to control. You're nearing the end of your rope, but what's next?
You lie awake at night, going over the day again and wondering where it all went wrong. Before you have time to figure it out, yet another hectic day has begun. As a parent of a child who has experienced a challenge or traumatic experience, it's like you're being asked to do it all. The problem is that there's never enough energy, time, or information to manage the difficult behaviors. Before you know it, you've seen multiple therapists and nothing seems to work. The parenting suggestions just don't fit the socially awkward tantrums, fits of rage, or your child's need to control. You're nearing the end of your rope, but what's next?
(315) 506-4383 View (315) 506-4383
Photo of Stephanie Agosh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie Agosh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
1 Endorsed
Camillus, NY 13031
Do you feel stuck, overwhelmed, overworked, or unfulfilled? Do you struggle with people pleasing? Feeling the weight of perfectionism, anxiety, work/school stress, or relationship challenges? You are NOT alone! The pressures of life can feel like too much, especially when trying to maintain relationships and show up for others how you would like to. Or to be able to tell others how you need them to show up for you. Life's challenges can leave us feeling uncertain, disconnected and burned out. It is easy to overlook how we are feeling. Therapy provides the opportunity to be your authentic self and work towards positive change.
Do you feel stuck, overwhelmed, overworked, or unfulfilled? Do you struggle with people pleasing? Feeling the weight of perfectionism, anxiety, work/school stress, or relationship challenges? You are NOT alone! The pressures of life can feel like too much, especially when trying to maintain relationships and show up for others how you would like to. Or to be able to tell others how you need them to show up for you. Life's challenges can leave us feeling uncertain, disconnected and burned out. It is easy to overlook how we are feeling. Therapy provides the opportunity to be your authentic self and work towards positive change.
(315) 309-0470 View (315) 309-0470
Photo of Kathy Penner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Kathy Penner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
1 Endorsed
Camillus, NY 13031
Are you looking for more peace and wanting to feel better day to day? Finding the right support can be difficult and daunting. Whether you are seeking help for yourself or your child, I use a collaborative approach to help you identify your needs and develop a plan to reach your goals. I've worked with a wide range of challenges and mental health issues including anxiety, depression, ADHD, adjustment issues, relational and social issues, as well as the unique difficulties of children and adolescents. I'm here to assist you and/or your child to develop the skills to feel better and more effective.
Are you looking for more peace and wanting to feel better day to day? Finding the right support can be difficult and daunting. Whether you are seeking help for yourself or your child, I use a collaborative approach to help you identify your needs and develop a plan to reach your goals. I've worked with a wide range of challenges and mental health issues including anxiety, depression, ADHD, adjustment issues, relational and social issues, as well as the unique difficulties of children and adolescents. I'm here to assist you and/or your child to develop the skills to feel better and more effective.
(315) 983-6260 View (315) 983-6260
Photo of Jill Connors-Letizia, Counselor, LMHC, MS, CAS, HLC
Jill Connors-Letizia
Counselor, LMHC, MS, CAS, HLC
1 Endorsed
Camillus, NY 13031
I am a New York State Licensed Mental Health Counselor with an abundance of training in anxiety, depression, stress management, marital/relationship issues, self esteem issues and adjustment disorders brought on by a major life change, such as divorce or a new baby. As a therapist I am very curious and seek to understand the client’s worldview, thought process, history, behavioral patterns, stressors and how they all contribute to how the person feels. My clients can expect me to listen to their concerns with a nonjudgmental stance and recommending different strategies to help them with what they are going through.
I am a New York State Licensed Mental Health Counselor with an abundance of training in anxiety, depression, stress management, marital/relationship issues, self esteem issues and adjustment disorders brought on by a major life change, such as divorce or a new baby. As a therapist I am very curious and seek to understand the client’s worldview, thought process, history, behavioral patterns, stressors and how they all contribute to how the person feels. My clients can expect me to listen to their concerns with a nonjudgmental stance and recommending different strategies to help them with what they are going through.
(315) 873-3391 View (315) 873-3391
Photo of Joel R Allen, Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT, CASAC-A, MA
Joel R Allen
Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT, CASAC-A, MA
2 Endorsed
Camillus, NY 13031
I am here to listen and show empathy, not to judge or criticize. We all have our unique paths in our lives with unique perspectives and experiences. Healing is a journey with lots of twists and turns and not a simple straight line. I am simply just a guide on this journey with you as you make your way to wholeness and wellness.
I am here to listen and show empathy, not to judge or criticize. We all have our unique paths in our lives with unique perspectives and experiences. Healing is a journey with lots of twists and turns and not a simple straight line. I am simply just a guide on this journey with you as you make your way to wholeness and wellness.
(315) 784-8409 View (315) 784-8409
Photo of Joel Monahan, Counselor, LMHC
Joel Monahan
Counselor, LMHC
Online Only
In this journey we call life, we seem to accumulate experiences that make us who we are. From the experiences we develop a story that we tell ourselves. Sometimes telling that story to someone else just doesn't sound or feel right because it can be scary or feel weird. It can be useful to have an editor to help find comfort with the words. Therapy is an opportunity to be truly heard and receive objective, strengths-based, input on how the story sounds outside of your own head. It can provide opportunities to make edits until you feel just right telling your story safely with comfort and confidence.
In this journey we call life, we seem to accumulate experiences that make us who we are. From the experiences we develop a story that we tell ourselves. Sometimes telling that story to someone else just doesn't sound or feel right because it can be scary or feel weird. It can be useful to have an editor to help find comfort with the words. Therapy is an opportunity to be truly heard and receive objective, strengths-based, input on how the story sounds outside of your own head. It can provide opportunities to make edits until you feel just right telling your story safely with comfort and confidence.
(315) 386-6514 View (315) 386-6514
Photo of Erin M. Yudikaitis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Erin M. Yudikaitis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Hello, I’m Erin. Thank you for taking the time to visit my page. Sometimes taking the first step to start therapy can be hard. My goal is to make the process easy for you so that you can begin to focus on your goals. I know how difficult life can be and how hard it is to heal. I work along side you to help and support you with this. I take a strength based and solution focused approach.
Hello, I’m Erin. Thank you for taking the time to visit my page. Sometimes taking the first step to start therapy can be hard. My goal is to make the process easy for you so that you can begin to focus on your goals. I know how difficult life can be and how hard it is to heal. I work along side you to help and support you with this. I take a strength based and solution focused approach.
(315) 753-5447 View (315) 753-5447
Photo of Kimberlee Vargas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kimberlee Vargas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Camillus, NY 13031
Congratulations! Today you have taken a first step toward creating more joy and fulfillment in your life. We believe every person has the power to create positive change. Whether you want to address a particular problem in your life, navigate a new transition, recover from a recent or past trauma, let go of a negative behavior pattern, or wish to resolve uncomfortable feelings or emotions, psychotherapy can help. Using an integrative approach, mixed with compassion, honesty, humor, and guidance, we can produce solutions to move life forward by instilling hope and promoting change. We provide a non-judgmental, caring environment.
Congratulations! Today you have taken a first step toward creating more joy and fulfillment in your life. We believe every person has the power to create positive change. Whether you want to address a particular problem in your life, navigate a new transition, recover from a recent or past trauma, let go of a negative behavior pattern, or wish to resolve uncomfortable feelings or emotions, psychotherapy can help. Using an integrative approach, mixed with compassion, honesty, humor, and guidance, we can produce solutions to move life forward by instilling hope and promoting change. We provide a non-judgmental, caring environment.
(315) 636-4778 View (315) 636-4778
Photo of Cindy Barletta, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Cindy Barletta
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Camillus, NY 13031
Life is unpredictable with many twists and turns. From one day to the next it's impossible to know what challenges or situations may arise, including some that may have been inconceivable. It may be difficult to know which way to turn or what to do. Asking for help may be difficult. Seeking treatment and developing a positive therapeutic relationship with a clinician may be helpful. As a therapist, I am clear I don't have the answers, but work to help those I see to find their own answers. My core practice values include respect, honesty, empathy, and lack of judgement. If you choose to see me, you should expect nothing less.
Life is unpredictable with many twists and turns. From one day to the next it's impossible to know what challenges or situations may arise, including some that may have been inconceivable. It may be difficult to know which way to turn or what to do. Asking for help may be difficult. Seeking treatment and developing a positive therapeutic relationship with a clinician may be helpful. As a therapist, I am clear I don't have the answers, but work to help those I see to find their own answers. My core practice values include respect, honesty, empathy, and lack of judgement. If you choose to see me, you should expect nothing less.
(315) 834-4296 View (315) 834-4296
Photo of Isabella Geraghty, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Isabella Geraghty
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Camillus, NY 13031
Out in the world, you struggle to catch your breath but want to learn how to breath better. Maybe life has become overwhelming and exhausting and you aren't sure on how to manage another day or gain more motivation but want to find the strength. Perhaps you have gotten lost due to pain and want to be able to own yourself and your narrative. You might be at the mercy of many modern day issues plaguing our society that impact your daily life and want to rise up. Maybe you and your partner have grown apart and are uncertain of your future together and want to find your way back to one another so you can have a beautiful future.
Out in the world, you struggle to catch your breath but want to learn how to breath better. Maybe life has become overwhelming and exhausting and you aren't sure on how to manage another day or gain more motivation but want to find the strength. Perhaps you have gotten lost due to pain and want to be able to own yourself and your narrative. You might be at the mercy of many modern day issues plaguing our society that impact your daily life and want to rise up. Maybe you and your partner have grown apart and are uncertain of your future together and want to find your way back to one another so you can have a beautiful future.
(315) 539-7637 View (315) 539-7637
Photo of Casey Henry, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Casey Henry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Camillus, NY 13031
Life throws us all challenges at different times. Navigating these challenges alone can be overwhelming. I truly believe in therapy and building a trusting and genuine relationship which can foster individual growth and help you to meet your goals and move forward with your life feeling empowered.
Life throws us all challenges at different times. Navigating these challenges alone can be overwhelming. I truly believe in therapy and building a trusting and genuine relationship which can foster individual growth and help you to meet your goals and move forward with your life feeling empowered.
(315) 909-6923 View (315) 909-6923
Photo of Dr. Sarah F Spiegelhoff, Counselor, PhD, LMHC-D, LPC, NCC
Dr. Sarah F Spiegelhoff
Counselor, PhD, LMHC-D, LPC, NCC
2 Endorsed
Camillus, NY 13031
Every client is unique and it is my job to assist you through transforming pain and other emotional distress into hope, strength, positive change, and achievement. I offer clients a patient-centered partnership, to support and empower them in making informed choices that will lead to meaningful change. I evaluate clients’ identified concerns from a holistic and integrative mental health perspective. Successful outcomes are accomplished through insight-oriented conversations to express emotion, provide motivation, assess wellness, identify strengths, and create a safe space to explore oneself.
Every client is unique and it is my job to assist you through transforming pain and other emotional distress into hope, strength, positive change, and achievement. I offer clients a patient-centered partnership, to support and empower them in making informed choices that will lead to meaningful change. I evaluate clients’ identified concerns from a holistic and integrative mental health perspective. Successful outcomes are accomplished through insight-oriented conversations to express emotion, provide motivation, assess wellness, identify strengths, and create a safe space to explore oneself.
(315) 320-6441 View (315) 320-6441

See more therapy options for Camillus

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Camillus, NY

60+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Camillus, NY who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
87% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
78% Stress
75% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
70% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Aetna
51% Cigna and Evernorth
42% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Camillus, NY see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
19% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Camillus?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.