Therapists in Riverdale, Bronx, NY

Photo of Aviva Stavsky-Benor, Psychologist, PhD
Aviva Stavsky-Benor
Psychologist, PhD
Online Only
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with extensive training in the treatment of anxiety, depression, PTSD, interpersonal difficulties, and adjustment challenges. I utilize an integrative approach that combines insight-oriented and goal-directed interventions informed by Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), Attachment, and Relational modalities. My work with couples draws from Gottman Method Couples Therapy and Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy models. I take particular interest in understanding all aspects of my patients’ identities through their lens in order to facilitate increased insight and promote a robust sense of self-efficacy.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with extensive training in the treatment of anxiety, depression, PTSD, interpersonal difficulties, and adjustment challenges. I utilize an integrative approach that combines insight-oriented and goal-directed interventions informed by Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), Attachment, and Relational modalities. My work with couples draws from Gottman Method Couples Therapy and Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy models. I take particular interest in understanding all aspects of my patients’ identities through their lens in order to facilitate increased insight and promote a robust sense of self-efficacy.
(646) 941-8343 View (646) 941-8343
Photo of Francis Lora, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, LCSW-R, SIFI, CFSW
Francis Lora
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, LCSW-R, SIFI, CFSW
Online Only
So you are Professional Working Parents and one of your children has been recently diagnosed with Autism... now what? What does that mean for you? For them? What do you do next?- I can show you the way! Save time, misteps, and delays moving forward by charting a course coming to terms with and accepting the news and learn how you can keep yourselves sane and healthy so that you can be your child's best advocate and preserve your household.
So you are Professional Working Parents and one of your children has been recently diagnosed with Autism... now what? What does that mean for you? For them? What do you do next?- I can show you the way! Save time, misteps, and delays moving forward by charting a course coming to terms with and accepting the news and learn how you can keep yourselves sane and healthy so that you can be your child's best advocate and preserve your household.
(917) 243-9215 View (917) 243-9215
Photo of Masako Hashimoto, Counselor
Masako Hashimoto
Counselor
Online Only
Life is hard, life is beautiful, and life is all that. You are the only person to make your life "make sense." Let's find a way. Please send an email or text message for inquiry (I cannot pick up calls usually as I might be in sessions). See if I could be of any help. Please note that I cannot provide any service only via email/text. I will see you over Zoom for sessions!
Life is hard, life is beautiful, and life is all that. You are the only person to make your life "make sense." Let's find a way. Please send an email or text message for inquiry (I cannot pick up calls usually as I might be in sessions). See if I could be of any help. Please note that I cannot provide any service only via email/text. I will see you over Zoom for sessions!
(914) 477-2327 View (914) 477-2327
Photo of Sophia Tiers
Sophia Tiers
Verified Verified
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes, the world is more overwhelming than we’d like to admit. There is nothing wrong with finding time to take care of yourself and give yourself space to breathe and decompress from the week. I am excited to be the one to help assist you on your wellness journey, whether you’re at the beginning of it or if this is a path you’ve taken before. My ideal client has a willingness to change and a drive to express themselves in healthy ways. I love clients who are curious about their behaviors and want to learn more about themselves as they navigate the world!
Sometimes, the world is more overwhelming than we’d like to admit. There is nothing wrong with finding time to take care of yourself and give yourself space to breathe and decompress from the week. I am excited to be the one to help assist you on your wellness journey, whether you’re at the beginning of it or if this is a path you’ve taken before. My ideal client has a willingness to change and a drive to express themselves in healthy ways. I love clients who are curious about their behaviors and want to learn more about themselves as they navigate the world!
(646) 917-7335 View (646) 917-7335
Photo of Julie Weiner, Counselor, MS, LMHC, BCB
Julie Weiner
Counselor, MS, LMHC, BCB
Riverdale, Bronx, NY 10471
Waitlist for new clients
Are you suffering from chronic anxiety or stress? Stress can make it hard to concentrate. It can result in irritability, headaches, hypertension, insomnia, even panic attacks. It can worsen asthma, ADHD, autoimmune disorders, IBS, fibromyalgia, migraine and other chronic pain conditions. And it can sabotage your best efforts to maintain a healthy weight. With decades of experience using biofeedback, nutrition education and tapping therapies to teach stress management skills to people dealing with chronic pain, asthma and other health problems, I can help you learn to calm your mind and alleviate the effects of stress. Solutions to apparently insurmountable life problems begin to emerge effortlessly.
Are you suffering from chronic anxiety or stress? Stress can make it hard to concentrate. It can result in irritability, headaches, hypertension, insomnia, even panic attacks. It can worsen asthma, ADHD, autoimmune disorders, IBS, fibromyalgia, migraine and other chronic pain conditions. And it can sabotage your best efforts to maintain a healthy weight. With decades of experience using biofeedback, nutrition education and tapping therapies to teach stress management skills to people dealing with chronic pain, asthma and other health problems, I can help you learn to calm your mind and alleviate the effects of stress. Solutions to apparently insurmountable life problems begin to emerge effortlessly.
(347) 269-2263 View (347) 269-2263
Photo of Susan Joy Brown-Mandel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Susan Joy Brown-Mandel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Riverdale, Bronx, NY 10463
Are you feeling stuck in your relationships, career. or overwhelmed with strong feelings such as boredom, anger or unhappiness? Are you coping with challenges related to dating and intimate relationships, parenting, forming an identify separate from your family? Let's work together to understand what is getting in the way to leading a more satisfying life. With over 20 years of experience as a clinical social worker and a psychotherapist in private practice, I am here to support your efforts to find relief, cope and grow.
Are you feeling stuck in your relationships, career. or overwhelmed with strong feelings such as boredom, anger or unhappiness? Are you coping with challenges related to dating and intimate relationships, parenting, forming an identify separate from your family? Let's work together to understand what is getting in the way to leading a more satisfying life. With over 20 years of experience as a clinical social worker and a psychotherapist in private practice, I am here to support your efforts to find relief, cope and grow.
(646) 813-4245 View (646) 813-4245
Photo of Elyse Fernandez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Elyse Fernandez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a bilingual licensed therapist providing psychotherapy in New York. I have over a decade of experience serving children, families, and diverse communities including LGBTQI. I work with a wide variety of individuals with different diagnoses and not limited to those individuals suffering from depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorders to identify roadblocks and obstacles to achieving optimal mental health. I use cognitive approaches, motivational interviewing techniques, strengths-based approaches to encourage self-awareness, build self-confidence and other therapeutic goals to help you manage current stressors/challenges.
I am a bilingual licensed therapist providing psychotherapy in New York. I have over a decade of experience serving children, families, and diverse communities including LGBTQI. I work with a wide variety of individuals with different diagnoses and not limited to those individuals suffering from depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorders to identify roadblocks and obstacles to achieving optimal mental health. I use cognitive approaches, motivational interviewing techniques, strengths-based approaches to encourage self-awareness, build self-confidence and other therapeutic goals to help you manage current stressors/challenges.
(914) 342-7635 x470734 View (914) 342-7635 x470734
Photo of Arlene Giagrande, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C
Arlene Giagrande
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you waking up and going to sleep feeling anxious and/or depressed with thoughts swirling around in your head? Are you facing one or possibly multiple life transitions such as attempting to start a new family, pregnancy, postpartum, moving to a new home, relationship issues, or feeling stuck in your life? You are not alone. I understand, will listen, and provide the tools you need to find relief.
Are you waking up and going to sleep feeling anxious and/or depressed with thoughts swirling around in your head? Are you facing one or possibly multiple life transitions such as attempting to start a new family, pregnancy, postpartum, moving to a new home, relationship issues, or feeling stuck in your life? You are not alone. I understand, will listen, and provide the tools you need to find relief.
(914) 810-9943 View (914) 810-9943
Photo of Amanda Wilson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Amanda Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life’s challenges? Do decisions feel paralyzing? Are you used to putting everyone else’s needs before your own? If so, you’re not alone and therapy can help. Life’s transitions and pressures can leave you feeling anxious, disconnected, or unsure of your next step. Therapy offers a space to reconnect with yourself, build resilience, and move forward with clarity and confidence. Together, we’ll help you reclaim your voice, honor your needs, and create the life you deserve.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life’s challenges? Do decisions feel paralyzing? Are you used to putting everyone else’s needs before your own? If so, you’re not alone and therapy can help. Life’s transitions and pressures can leave you feeling anxious, disconnected, or unsure of your next step. Therapy offers a space to reconnect with yourself, build resilience, and move forward with clarity and confidence. Together, we’ll help you reclaim your voice, honor your needs, and create the life you deserve.
(914) 546-4785 View (914) 546-4785
Photo of Eleanor G Hoenig, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Eleanor G Hoenig
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Riverdale, Bronx, NY 10471
Currently accepting new clients. The world is challenging isn't it it? My office is a safe place to address the depression and anxieties which impact relationships, work place events and hopes for the future. I also utilize Telehealth to help people find a more satisfying quality of life. In my years of practice a variety of methods: analysis, mindfulness relaxation, and cognitive approaches achieve resilience and happiness for people. I am a provider on many insurance plans particularly NY MEDICARE , NY and NJ UNITED HEALTHCARE, OXFORD, and participate out of network for NJ STATE Insurance. as well as many others.
Currently accepting new clients. The world is challenging isn't it it? My office is a safe place to address the depression and anxieties which impact relationships, work place events and hopes for the future. I also utilize Telehealth to help people find a more satisfying quality of life. In my years of practice a variety of methods: analysis, mindfulness relaxation, and cognitive approaches achieve resilience and happiness for people. I am a provider on many insurance plans particularly NY MEDICARE , NY and NJ UNITED HEALTHCARE, OXFORD, and participate out of network for NJ STATE Insurance. as well as many others.
(718) 569-7774 View (718) 569-7774
Photo of David L Zahm, Psychologist, PhD
David L Zahm
Psychologist, PhD
Riverdale, Bronx, NY 10471
I see myself as an editor asked to help review and rewrite the narrative of a client's life. People often find themselves stuck or unhappy or confused by their own choices and their consequences. In an engaged, friendly and respectfully manner I work with a person to understand how they got to the place they are unhappy with. We then try to re-imagine their narrative, introduce new perspectives, or simply find a greater acceptance of those choices already made.
I see myself as an editor asked to help review and rewrite the narrative of a client's life. People often find themselves stuck or unhappy or confused by their own choices and their consequences. In an engaged, friendly and respectfully manner I work with a person to understand how they got to the place they are unhappy with. We then try to re-imagine their narrative, introduce new perspectives, or simply find a greater acceptance of those choices already made.
(917) 746-5824 View (917) 746-5824
Photo of Denise A Tejada Peralta, Counselor, LMHC, SD
Denise A Tejada Peralta
Counselor, LMHC, SD
Riverdale, Bronx, NY 10471
Therapy can be awkward. Sharing your inner thoughts and feelings with a stranger can be scary. You might worry about being judged, misunderstood, or getting exposed. You might even have some bad experiences with a former therapist and are afraid of trying again. "Will this therapist understand cultural/family quirks?" "Will they think I am crazy if I share my religious experiences?" I get it! I help my clients work through anxiety, depression, mood dysregulation, relationship issues, parenting problems, and spiritual concerns. This includes scrupulosity, religious trauma, and the spiritual/cognitive aspects of behavior.
Therapy can be awkward. Sharing your inner thoughts and feelings with a stranger can be scary. You might worry about being judged, misunderstood, or getting exposed. You might even have some bad experiences with a former therapist and are afraid of trying again. "Will this therapist understand cultural/family quirks?" "Will they think I am crazy if I share my religious experiences?" I get it! I help my clients work through anxiety, depression, mood dysregulation, relationship issues, parenting problems, and spiritual concerns. This includes scrupulosity, religious trauma, and the spiritual/cognitive aspects of behavior.
(646) 798-4498 View (646) 798-4498
Photo of Kathryn E Sedgwick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kathryn E Sedgwick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
We live in times of unprecedented change and stress: A global pandemic. Extreme political polarization. Economic upheaval. Climate change. I am a friendly, approachable therapist who specializes in putting you at ease by offering a safe, supportive, relaxed environment where we can do our best work together. Whatever is troubling you -- anxiety, depression, relationships, sexuality, identity -- I offer insight borne of my long years of personal experience, combined with a keen understanding of the social, political, and ecological contexts in which we all exist.
We live in times of unprecedented change and stress: A global pandemic. Extreme political polarization. Economic upheaval. Climate change. I am a friendly, approachable therapist who specializes in putting you at ease by offering a safe, supportive, relaxed environment where we can do our best work together. Whatever is troubling you -- anxiety, depression, relationships, sexuality, identity -- I offer insight borne of my long years of personal experience, combined with a keen understanding of the social, political, and ecological contexts in which we all exist.
(929) 203-5148 View (929) 203-5148
Photo of Dr. Solimar Santiago- Warner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW, PMH-C
Dr. Solimar Santiago- Warner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW, PMH-C
6 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you navigating the heartbreak of infertility, pregnancy loss, or the emotional toll of a traumatic birth? Have failed IVF cycles or a NICU stay left you feeling lost and overwhelmed? Perhaps you're adjusting to life after learning your baby has a life-limiting condition, or the weight of motherhood, career, and expectations has left you drained. Maybe perimenopause or menopause has brought unexpected emotional shifts, anxiety, or grief over your changing body. You don’t have to carry this alone. In therapy, you’ll find a space to heal, process, and reclaim your strength. Let’s start your journey forward—together.
Are you navigating the heartbreak of infertility, pregnancy loss, or the emotional toll of a traumatic birth? Have failed IVF cycles or a NICU stay left you feeling lost and overwhelmed? Perhaps you're adjusting to life after learning your baby has a life-limiting condition, or the weight of motherhood, career, and expectations has left you drained. Maybe perimenopause or menopause has brought unexpected emotional shifts, anxiety, or grief over your changing body. You don’t have to carry this alone. In therapy, you’ll find a space to heal, process, and reclaim your strength. Let’s start your journey forward—together.
(646) 692-0867 View (646) 692-0867
Photo of Carol Judy Kramer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Carol Judy Kramer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Riverdale, Bronx, NY 10463
Do you sometimes wonder how the closeness and caring you once had with your partner could change so dramatically into hurt, resentment, anger and feelings of total disconnection? I will help you and your partner find your way back to connection.
Do you sometimes wonder how the closeness and caring you once had with your partner could change so dramatically into hurt, resentment, anger and feelings of total disconnection? I will help you and your partner find your way back to connection.
(929) 242-6327 View (929) 242-6327
Photo of Carly Turer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Carly Turer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I work with both individuals and couples, specializing in anxiety and mood disorders, ADHD, ASD and executive functioning, relationship challenges, and life transitions. I bring warmth, empathy, and humor to my therapeutic style. I provide a non-judgmental, collaborative space where we can work together to help you gain a deeper sense of self-awareness, recognize and understand your thought and behavior patterns, and find coping skills that work for you. Together, we can find ways to get you to a happier place in both your relationship with yourself, and those around you.
I work with both individuals and couples, specializing in anxiety and mood disorders, ADHD, ASD and executive functioning, relationship challenges, and life transitions. I bring warmth, empathy, and humor to my therapeutic style. I provide a non-judgmental, collaborative space where we can work together to help you gain a deeper sense of self-awareness, recognize and understand your thought and behavior patterns, and find coping skills that work for you. Together, we can find ways to get you to a happier place in both your relationship with yourself, and those around you.
(646) 859-0789 View (646) 859-0789
Photo of Emily Shapiro, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MSEd, ADHDCSP
Emily Shapiro
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MSEd, ADHDCSP
2 Endorsed
Riverdale, Bronx, NY 10463
My approach to therapy is warm and collaborative. I listen intuitively, and respect your expertise on your own experience. In therapy sessions, we are partners in identifying and building on your strengths. Together, we clarify your goals and clear away obstacles so you can move forward. I hold a master's degree in teaching from Bank Street College of Education and New York State teachers certification, in addition to my master's in Marriage and Family Therapy. I am a certified ADHD clinical services provider.
My approach to therapy is warm and collaborative. I listen intuitively, and respect your expertise on your own experience. In therapy sessions, we are partners in identifying and building on your strengths. Together, we clarify your goals and clear away obstacles so you can move forward. I hold a master's degree in teaching from Bank Street College of Education and New York State teachers certification, in addition to my master's in Marriage and Family Therapy. I am a certified ADHD clinical services provider.
(646) 759-4192 View (646) 759-4192
Photo of Regina I Sarabia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Regina I Sarabia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Are you exhausted from carrying the weight of past wounds into every relationship? Do you find yourself repeating painful patterns despite your best efforts to change? The invisible threads of emotional trauma can keep us in cycles that feel impossible to escape, but transformation is possible. For over a decade, I've specialized in helping individuals from all backgrounds, cultures, and identities recognize and heal the deep wounds that keep them trapped in toxic relationships and self-defeating patterns. The work we do together isn't just about understanding your past—it's about reclaiming your power to write a different future.
Are you exhausted from carrying the weight of past wounds into every relationship? Do you find yourself repeating painful patterns despite your best efforts to change? The invisible threads of emotional trauma can keep us in cycles that feel impossible to escape, but transformation is possible. For over a decade, I've specialized in helping individuals from all backgrounds, cultures, and identities recognize and heal the deep wounds that keep them trapped in toxic relationships and self-defeating patterns. The work we do together isn't just about understanding your past—it's about reclaiming your power to write a different future.
(914) 758-1086 View (914) 758-1086
Photo of Raquel Gersten, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Raquel Gersten
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
The clients I work with struggle with remaining present in the moment, tolerating distress, and managing their emotions and relationships effectively. This may be due to their anxiety and racing thoughts, or due to feeling emotions intensely and acting impulsively. Without the proper skills and supports, relationships can suffer and the day to day feels unmanageable. Some may turn to drinking and smoking to cope but find that it's not truly effective. If this sounds like you, I am here to help.
The clients I work with struggle with remaining present in the moment, tolerating distress, and managing their emotions and relationships effectively. This may be due to their anxiety and racing thoughts, or due to feeling emotions intensely and acting impulsively. Without the proper skills and supports, relationships can suffer and the day to day feels unmanageable. Some may turn to drinking and smoking to cope but find that it's not truly effective. If this sounds like you, I am here to help.
(646) 663-4511 View (646) 663-4511
Photo of Imani Wilform - Leap Of Faith Mental Health Counseling PLLC, Counselor, LMHC
Leap Of Faith Mental Health Counseling PLLC
Counselor, LMHC
Online Only
Leap of faith mhc is dedicated to providing quality care for our clients, As the Founder, I intentionally hired gifted mind shifters to help others transform into a better version of themselves. Life is tough and it is important that you don't allow your wounds to define it, here at LOFMHC we know that our clients are triumphant, and it is our job to support you with rewriting your story, We strive to empower our clients to "deny conforming to this world and become transformed by the renewing of their minds".
Leap of faith mhc is dedicated to providing quality care for our clients, As the Founder, I intentionally hired gifted mind shifters to help others transform into a better version of themselves. Life is tough and it is important that you don't allow your wounds to define it, here at LOFMHC we know that our clients are triumphant, and it is our job to support you with rewriting your story, We strive to empower our clients to "deny conforming to this world and become transformed by the renewing of their minds".
(914) 743-3720 View (914) 743-3720

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Riverdale, Bronx, NY

50+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Riverdale, Bronx, NY who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
91% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
73% Coping Skills
65% Trauma and PTSD
60% Grief

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Aetna
75% Cigna and Evernorth
73% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Riverdale, Bronx, NY see their clients

61% Online Only
39% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

87% Female
13% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Riverdale, Bronx?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.