Therapists in West Hill, Albany, NY

Photo of John Harmon Durden, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
John Harmon Durden
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
My ideal client is someone who knows they’re ready for change — even if they don’t know exactly what that looks like yet. I specialize in helping people manage anxiety, depression, major life transitions, grief and loss, or just the unexpected curveballs that make you feel stuck. If you’re caught in old patterns, feeling disconnected from your sense of purpose, or struggling to handle daily responsibilities — let’s talk. If you’re motivated to get curious about yourself, build new skills, and break free from self-limiting beliefs — let’s talk. Together, we can clear a path forward and help you reconnect with the life you want.
My ideal client is someone who knows they’re ready for change — even if they don’t know exactly what that looks like yet. I specialize in helping people manage anxiety, depression, major life transitions, grief and loss, or just the unexpected curveballs that make you feel stuck. If you’re caught in old patterns, feeling disconnected from your sense of purpose, or struggling to handle daily responsibilities — let’s talk. If you’re motivated to get curious about yourself, build new skills, and break free from self-limiting beliefs — let’s talk. Together, we can clear a path forward and help you reconnect with the life you want.
(518) 759-6375 View (518) 759-6375
Photo of Alida Crisafulli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW-R
Alida Crisafulli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW-R
Serves Area
I am a practicing therapist for over 25 years. I love the diversity of my work, counseling various age groups including children and adults, across an array of mood, interpersonal, relationship and/or family issues. Counseling areas: depression, anxiety, mild to moderate mood disorders, mild to moderate OCD, post-trauma, relationship issues, panic, phobias, managing anger, ADHD and other general problems, stressors and challenges of life.
I am a practicing therapist for over 25 years. I love the diversity of my work, counseling various age groups including children and adults, across an array of mood, interpersonal, relationship and/or family issues. Counseling areas: depression, anxiety, mild to moderate mood disorders, mild to moderate OCD, post-trauma, relationship issues, panic, phobias, managing anger, ADHD and other general problems, stressors and challenges of life.
(518) 643-4082 View (518) 643-4082
Photo of Shakira K O'Garro, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC-D, LPC, LPCC, NCC
Shakira K O'Garro
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC-D, LPC, LPCC, NCC
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
You’ve served faithfully, prayed faithfully, and shown up consistently, but life still hits hard. Now you’re questioning everything: your calling, your identity, even God’s goodness. Maybe you’re still going to church and doing what you “should,” yet you feel broken and unseen. Maybe you’re leading while privately falling apart. You might be asking, “If God loves me, why am I still suffering?”
You’ve served faithfully, prayed faithfully, and shown up consistently, but life still hits hard. Now you’re questioning everything: your calling, your identity, even God’s goodness. Maybe you’re still going to church and doing what you “should,” yet you feel broken and unseen. Maybe you’re leading while privately falling apart. You might be asking, “If God loves me, why am I still suffering?”
(914) 368-6726 View (914) 368-6726
Photo of Diane DeGiovine, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Diane DeGiovine
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Serves Area
My goal is as a therapist is to assist clients in becoming their own best advocate as they negotiate personal life challenges. I have a special interest in mind body awareness and have incorporated meditative and relaxation strategies and biofeedback in my therapeutic work with clients from childhood through late adulthood. Additionally, I have trained ten years in Neurofeedback, a very specialized type of biofeedback, that engages the brain in changing itself. this is particularly helpful with chronic mental health issues including, but not limited to, ADD, Anxiety, Depression, Chronic Pain Syndromes, and PTSD. Neurofeedback is also beneficial for Peak Performance Training.
My goal is as a therapist is to assist clients in becoming their own best advocate as they negotiate personal life challenges. I have a special interest in mind body awareness and have incorporated meditative and relaxation strategies and biofeedback in my therapeutic work with clients from childhood through late adulthood. Additionally, I have trained ten years in Neurofeedback, a very specialized type of biofeedback, that engages the brain in changing itself. this is particularly helpful with chronic mental health issues including, but not limited to, ADD, Anxiety, Depression, Chronic Pain Syndromes, and PTSD. Neurofeedback is also beneficial for Peak Performance Training.
(518) 868-7943 View (518) 868-7943
Photo of Jonathan Bruce Riven, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Jonathan Bruce Riven
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Serves Area
I am a licensed mental health counselor with experience treating individuals with relationship issues, depression, anxiety, anger issues, and co-existing mental health and substance abuse issues. We are participating providers with CDPHP, FidelisCare, Empire Blue Cross/Blue Shield, MHC, MVP, Empire Plan and Beacon Health Options.
I am a licensed mental health counselor with experience treating individuals with relationship issues, depression, anxiety, anger issues, and co-existing mental health and substance abuse issues. We are participating providers with CDPHP, FidelisCare, Empire Blue Cross/Blue Shield, MHC, MVP, Empire Plan and Beacon Health Options.
(518) 348-3917 View (518) 348-3917
Photo of Dair Melendez-Drier, Counselor, LMHC, CASAC, CRPA
Dair Melendez-Drier
Counselor, LMHC, CASAC, CRPA
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Life can throw us serious challenges, and pain, anger, depression or addiction are often our reaction. But all these strong reactions are not who you are, and change is always possible. I can help you to face your issues and challenges, in a compassionate, supportive environment, to make NEW choices, and create a more loving, fulfilling life.
Life can throw us serious challenges, and pain, anger, depression or addiction are often our reaction. But all these strong reactions are not who you are, and change is always possible. I can help you to face your issues and challenges, in a compassionate, supportive environment, to make NEW choices, and create a more loving, fulfilling life.
(845) 439-2054 View (845) 439-2054
Photo of Megan McClearn, Counselor, LMHC, CASAC, CIMHP
Megan McClearn
Counselor, LMHC, CASAC, CIMHP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I provide individual therapy to women across the lifespan, specializing in anxiety and ADHD. My practice supports clients to compassionately navigate through relationship issues, major life transitions, family of origin issues, trust issues, perfectionism, loneliness, sex concerns, and parenting challenges. I have a strong background in women’s health and social issues. For clients in recovery, I offer support to those who have maintained sobriety for over a year. I do not provide couples counseling at this time.
I provide individual therapy to women across the lifespan, specializing in anxiety and ADHD. My practice supports clients to compassionately navigate through relationship issues, major life transitions, family of origin issues, trust issues, perfectionism, loneliness, sex concerns, and parenting challenges. I have a strong background in women’s health and social issues. For clients in recovery, I offer support to those who have maintained sobriety for over a year. I do not provide couples counseling at this time.
(518) 674-9915 View (518) 674-9915
Photo of Krystal Smith - Krystal Smith Counseling Services, Counselor, MS, LMHC-D, CASAC-M, CCTP-II, C-DBT
Krystal Smith Counseling Services
Counselor, MS, LMHC-D, CASAC-M, CCTP-II, C-DBT
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) and Credentialed Alcohol and Substance Abuse Counselor (CASAC). I have experience working with individuals with both mental health and substance use issues and from different economic and cultural backgrounds. I have worked in a variety of behavioral health settings. My approach is tailored to meet your needs in an environment where you can feel safe and comfortable. I work collaboratively with you in helping you to develop coping skills to deal with those issues that might be impacting your daily living. Visit my website at ksmithcounseling.com to learn more about my services.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) and Credentialed Alcohol and Substance Abuse Counselor (CASAC). I have experience working with individuals with both mental health and substance use issues and from different economic and cultural backgrounds. I have worked in a variety of behavioral health settings. My approach is tailored to meet your needs in an environment where you can feel safe and comfortable. I work collaboratively with you in helping you to develop coping skills to deal with those issues that might be impacting your daily living. Visit my website at ksmithcounseling.com to learn more about my services.
(315) 895-8368 View (315) 895-8368
Photo of Kristen Daniels, MHC-LP
Kristen Daniels
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Feeling anxious all the time is such a crippling feeling and can feel like there is no escaping it. Just when one anxious thought starts to go away, another one shows up and takes its place. It can feel like an endless cycle of racing thoughts, worry, and fear about anything and everything. It’s hard to know when the anxiety will be over especially living in an anxiety-inducing world that is constantly changing which in turn leads to more anxiety. If this sounds like you, you're not alone!
Feeling anxious all the time is such a crippling feeling and can feel like there is no escaping it. Just when one anxious thought starts to go away, another one shows up and takes its place. It can feel like an endless cycle of racing thoughts, worry, and fear about anything and everything. It’s hard to know when the anxiety will be over especially living in an anxiety-inducing world that is constantly changing which in turn leads to more anxiety. If this sounds like you, you're not alone!
(518) 662-3660 View (518) 662-3660
Photo of Amy Dikant, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Amy Dikant
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Taking the first step toward healing isn’t easy—but it is powerful. Reaching out for support is a courageous act, and you don’t have to navigate life’s challenges alone. I’m Amy, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 20 years of experience helping young adults and adults move through difficult seasons with greater clarity and confidence. I provide a warm, supportive, and nonjudgmental space where you can feel safe to share your story, process your emotions, and explore meaningful change.
Taking the first step toward healing isn’t easy—but it is powerful. Reaching out for support is a courageous act, and you don’t have to navigate life’s challenges alone. I’m Amy, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 20 years of experience helping young adults and adults move through difficult seasons with greater clarity and confidence. I provide a warm, supportive, and nonjudgmental space where you can feel safe to share your story, process your emotions, and explore meaningful change.
(518) 660-8528 View (518) 660-8528
Photo of louise Bonanno, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
louise Bonanno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I have been a practicing Social Worker for the last 40 years. I have worked in both private practice and Community Mental Health. I have worked with CISM debriefing for first responders, Crisis Intervention, and Certified in hypnotherapy. I have worked with anxiety disorders, mood disorders and relationship issues. Training with Tara Brach and Joseph Goldstein on mindfulness, and level 1 training in Accelerated Resolution Therapy.
I have been a practicing Social Worker for the last 40 years. I have worked in both private practice and Community Mental Health. I have worked with CISM debriefing for first responders, Crisis Intervention, and Certified in hypnotherapy. I have worked with anxiety disorders, mood disorders and relationship issues. Training with Tara Brach and Joseph Goldstein on mindfulness, and level 1 training in Accelerated Resolution Therapy.
(845) 217-3897 View (845) 217-3897
Photo of Joan Sass, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Joan Sass
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Life can be hard, sometimes we can't even get out of bed to face the day. Learning skills to address: sadness, exhaustion, family dynamics, work stress, issues of trauma, PTSD, depression that stops you from enjoying life are some of the factors that I address in treatment. It can be scary to address the past, face the issues that have impeded us from being happy and successful, but with treatment and learning new skills slowly life can be better. Everyone wants to be happy, but change is hard and the struggle is real. With my psychodynamic approach we can create a treatment plan and approach to address these issues
Life can be hard, sometimes we can't even get out of bed to face the day. Learning skills to address: sadness, exhaustion, family dynamics, work stress, issues of trauma, PTSD, depression that stops you from enjoying life are some of the factors that I address in treatment. It can be scary to address the past, face the issues that have impeded us from being happy and successful, but with treatment and learning new skills slowly life can be better. Everyone wants to be happy, but change is hard and the struggle is real. With my psychodynamic approach we can create a treatment plan and approach to address these issues
(516) 518-2891 View (516) 518-2891
Photo of Fallon Coster, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Fallon Coster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
5 Endorsed
Online Only
Starting in therapy provides a space to voice your thoughts with support and validation. If you're struggling with self-doubt, critical self talk, or the weight of societal expectations around identity, relationships or image this a place to talk it through. These barriers can greatly affect our mental health and you deserve a space to be heard and process these experiences. A part of the therapy process is bringing awareness to how these internal narratives and experiences influence anxiety, depression, mood, self-esteem and self-worth.
Starting in therapy provides a space to voice your thoughts with support and validation. If you're struggling with self-doubt, critical self talk, or the weight of societal expectations around identity, relationships or image this a place to talk it through. These barriers can greatly affect our mental health and you deserve a space to be heard and process these experiences. A part of the therapy process is bringing awareness to how these internal narratives and experiences influence anxiety, depression, mood, self-esteem and self-worth.
(914) 752-4177 View (914) 752-4177
Photo of Roland Edward Hoffmann, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Roland Edward Hoffmann
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
State of the world got you down? I stand on the right side of history. I have a natural proclivity for creating enthusiasm and positivity in others and an ability to stimulate others’ strengths for their own personal excellence. I can inspire and help those experiencing anxiety and depression. Come have a FREE 15 minute conversation to see if we would be a good match.
State of the world got you down? I stand on the right side of history. I have a natural proclivity for creating enthusiasm and positivity in others and an ability to stimulate others’ strengths for their own personal excellence. I can inspire and help those experiencing anxiety and depression. Come have a FREE 15 minute conversation to see if we would be a good match.
(631) 405-4184 View (631) 405-4184
Photo of Dr. Leo Gulli, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MD, MS(Bio), MS(Adm), MS(Psy)
Dr. Leo Gulli
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MD, MS(Bio), MS(Adm), MS(Psy)
Online Only
Therapy is a collaborative effort between the client and the therapist. Whether you're struggling with something specific or coming to therapy to improve your well-being and better know yourself, together we'll create a non-judgmental space where you can feel safe to explore life's challenges and begin to discover new ways of coping with, and moving beyond, emotional pain. As a therapist, I utilize evidence-based models such as cognitive behavioral therapy, solution focused therapy, and the biology of human behavior. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a structured, goal-oriented type of therapy and you can unlearn negative emotions.
Therapy is a collaborative effort between the client and the therapist. Whether you're struggling with something specific or coming to therapy to improve your well-being and better know yourself, together we'll create a non-judgmental space where you can feel safe to explore life's challenges and begin to discover new ways of coping with, and moving beyond, emotional pain. As a therapist, I utilize evidence-based models such as cognitive behavioral therapy, solution focused therapy, and the biology of human behavior. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a structured, goal-oriented type of therapy and you can unlearn negative emotions.
(315) 918-7736 View (315) 918-7736
Photo of Christina Celmer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Christina Celmer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I have been a practicing psychotherapist for over 40 years. Throughout all of my years in practice, I have been amazed by the resilience of the human spirit. I see clients who struggle with anxiety, depression and trauma. My work includes clients who have endured and survived traumatic histories or devastating losses, and are now presenting with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Complex PTSD, or Dissociative Disorders. I also help clients who are struggling with the trauma of a life-changing medical diagnosis, such as cancer. Healing from trauma can happen with support and effective therapeutic tools!
I have been a practicing psychotherapist for over 40 years. Throughout all of my years in practice, I have been amazed by the resilience of the human spirit. I see clients who struggle with anxiety, depression and trauma. My work includes clients who have endured and survived traumatic histories or devastating losses, and are now presenting with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Complex PTSD, or Dissociative Disorders. I also help clients who are struggling with the trauma of a life-changing medical diagnosis, such as cancer. Healing from trauma can happen with support and effective therapeutic tools!
(518) 901-2670 View (518) 901-2670
Photo of Anika Dottin-Wilson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Anika Dottin-Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
I believe you are the main player in your life, even when past experiences, unhelpful patterns, or relationship challenges make it feel otherwise. My approach is collaborative and strengths-based, helping you better understand yourself, build practical tools, and regain a sense of agency. Therapy takes time, but it can be an empowering and meaningful process. Together, we will explore your goals and challenges in a supportive, nonjudgmental space. You are the expert on your life, and I view therapy as a team effort focused on growth and healing.
I believe you are the main player in your life, even when past experiences, unhelpful patterns, or relationship challenges make it feel otherwise. My approach is collaborative and strengths-based, helping you better understand yourself, build practical tools, and regain a sense of agency. Therapy takes time, but it can be an empowering and meaningful process. Together, we will explore your goals and challenges in a supportive, nonjudgmental space. You are the expert on your life, and I view therapy as a team effort focused on growth and healing.
(518) 851-8120 View (518) 851-8120
Photo of Nancy Holm Dawson - Dawson & Associates, Counselor, LMHC, PsyD
Dawson & Associates
Counselor, LMHC, PsyD
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Perhaps you are a young professional navigating the career ladder. Or parents of adolescent children who are experiencing resistance to environmental changes. Or older adults facing major life changes such as death of a spouse. Together we address the four circles in the treatment plan, that is, biological, psychological, social and spiritual.
Perhaps you are a young professional navigating the career ladder. Or parents of adolescent children who are experiencing resistance to environmental changes. Or older adults facing major life changes such as death of a spouse. Together we address the four circles in the treatment plan, that is, biological, psychological, social and spiritual.
(518) 712-6137 View (518) 712-6137
Photo of Julianne Patterson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Julianne Patterson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you experiencing frequent conflicts and arguments about the same things, but nothing ever seems to get resolved? Do you feel the harder you try to make things better, the worse it seems to get? When people feel they are underappreciated, misunderstood, or blamed for things that don't feel are their fault, people stop listening and can become stuck pointing fingers and assigning blame. No one is changing behaviors or focused on solutions. All you know is you feel stuck, scared and realize that your family relationships are in trouble and need help.
Are you experiencing frequent conflicts and arguments about the same things, but nothing ever seems to get resolved? Do you feel the harder you try to make things better, the worse it seems to get? When people feel they are underappreciated, misunderstood, or blamed for things that don't feel are their fault, people stop listening and can become stuck pointing fingers and assigning blame. No one is changing behaviors or focused on solutions. All you know is you feel stuck, scared and realize that your family relationships are in trouble and need help.
(518) 849-8559 View (518) 849-8559
Photo of Cailin LeBarron, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, CIMHP
Cailin LeBarron
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, CIMHP
Online Only
Cailin is a Registered Licensed Clinical Social Worker & Certified Integrative Mental Health Professional (CIMHP) with 10 years of experience treating a variety of mental health and trauma-related disorders. She supports her clients as they navigate various challenges, including transitions, complex family dynamics, women's issues, and finding purpose and direction in life. Cailin has experience in assisting survivors of sexual abuse and domestic violence, as well as parents and caregivers. Cailin draws from a holistic approach-connecting nutrition, mental health & whole body wellness. She is accepting new clients via telehealth.
Cailin is a Registered Licensed Clinical Social Worker & Certified Integrative Mental Health Professional (CIMHP) with 10 years of experience treating a variety of mental health and trauma-related disorders. She supports her clients as they navigate various challenges, including transitions, complex family dynamics, women's issues, and finding purpose and direction in life. Cailin has experience in assisting survivors of sexual abuse and domestic violence, as well as parents and caregivers. Cailin draws from a holistic approach-connecting nutrition, mental health & whole body wellness. She is accepting new clients via telehealth.
(518) 632-7340 View (518) 632-7340

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in West Hill, Albany, NY

20+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in West Hill, Albany, NY who prioritize treating:

86% Depression
86% Anxiety
79% Trauma and PTSD
69% Relationship Issues
69% Self Esteem
66% Stress
52% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Aetna
76% Cigna and Evernorth
52% Carelon Behavioral Health

How Therapists in West Hill, Albany, NY see their clients

66% Online Only
34% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

86% Female
14% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in West Hill, Albany?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.