Therapists in Lake Ridge, VA

Photo of McCleary Psychological Services, Psychologist in Lake Ridge, VA
McCleary Psychological Services
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lake Ridge, VA 22192
McCleary Psychological Services (MPS) provides psychological evaluations and evidence-based therapy. We conduct psychological evaluations to assist with diagnosis clarification and provide treatment recommendations, to include evaluations for ADHD; Autism Spectrum Disorder, Cognitive Disorders, and Learning Disabilities. We also offer bariatric, pre-employment, court-ordered, and immigration evaluations.
McCleary Psychological Services (MPS) provides psychological evaluations and evidence-based therapy. We conduct psychological evaluations to assist with diagnosis clarification and provide treatment recommendations, to include evaluations for ADHD; Autism Spectrum Disorder, Cognitive Disorders, and Learning Disabilities. We also offer bariatric, pre-employment, court-ordered, and immigration evaluations.
(703) 879-8242 View (703) 879-8242
Photo of Anew Hope LLC, Counselor in Lake Ridge, VA
Anew Hope LLC
Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC, CCMHC, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
Lake Ridge, VA 22192
Anew Hope LLC is Mental Health Counseling provider, meeting your mental health needs online and in office. Do you experience sleep disturbances more than twice a week? Did you transition from the military and find civilian life stressful? Are you a student with a busy work & school life that's not quite balancing out? Did you just end a relationship? Call us and get scheduled.
Anew Hope LLC is Mental Health Counseling provider, meeting your mental health needs online and in office. Do you experience sleep disturbances more than twice a week? Did you transition from the military and find civilian life stressful? Are you a student with a busy work & school life that's not quite balancing out? Did you just end a relationship? Call us and get scheduled.
(703) 972-1641 View (703) 972-1641
Photo of Andranita Dogan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake Ridge, VA
Andranita Dogan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
Lake Ridge, VA 22192
I want you to know that you are not alone. No matter what has happened to you in your past, or even what is going on with you now, I can be a warm ear to listen and help you to find your inner voice.
I want you to know that you are not alone. No matter what has happened to you in your past, or even what is going on with you now, I can be a warm ear to listen and help you to find your inner voice.
(703) 783-9741 View (703) 783-9741
Photo of Emmanuel Roy Smith Sr. Esq., Counselor in Lake Ridge, VA
Emmanuel Roy Smith Sr. Esq.
Counselor, BBA, LLB, MA, RIC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake Ridge, VA 22192
I believe that empowerment and encouragement through the use of counseling strategies can help promote and build positive life skills to help improve interpersonal relationships, reduce stress, and anger. My passion for counseling is to help create positive change or adjustments for each individual that I counsel. I apply a variety of counseling strategies and approaches, and believe in their situational application. I have extensive experience working with adults, children with: depression, social issues, grief, relationships, conflict resolutions, anger management, anxieties, spiritual concerns, post-traumatic stress disorder
I believe that empowerment and encouragement through the use of counseling strategies can help promote and build positive life skills to help improve interpersonal relationships, reduce stress, and anger. My passion for counseling is to help create positive change or adjustments for each individual that I counsel. I apply a variety of counseling strategies and approaches, and believe in their situational application. I have extensive experience working with adults, children with: depression, social issues, grief, relationships, conflict resolutions, anger management, anxieties, spiritual concerns, post-traumatic stress disorder
(703) 935-4594 View (703) 935-4594
Photo of Annetta Thomas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake Ridge, VA
Annetta Thomas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lake Ridge, VA 22192  (Online Only)
Let me guess; you’re the strong friend that everyone’s saying to check on. You’re the one who ignores the red flags in relationships or neglects the responsibility of self-care because someone needs you. You’re the overwhelmed person juggling too many tasks, feeling depleted, or trying to heal yourself from past traumas. Life is about transitions, and we need support getting through the rough patches. You are more resilient, capable of healing, worthy of love, and deserving of peace than you may realize. If you’re ready to reduce the stress, heal, or confidently achieve peace for a better quality of life, you're in the right place.
Let me guess; you’re the strong friend that everyone’s saying to check on. You’re the one who ignores the red flags in relationships or neglects the responsibility of self-care because someone needs you. You’re the overwhelmed person juggling too many tasks, feeling depleted, or trying to heal yourself from past traumas. Life is about transitions, and we need support getting through the rough patches. You are more resilient, capable of healing, worthy of love, and deserving of peace than you may realize. If you’re ready to reduce the stress, heal, or confidently achieve peace for a better quality of life, you're in the right place.
(540) 210-1057 View (540) 210-1057
Photo of Rita M Romano, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lake Ridge, VA
Rita M Romano
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lake Ridge, VA 22192
I have a healthy respect for the difficulties and complexities of life and will provide a non-judgemental environment for individuals or couples to explore solutions to the problems they face. The most common issues I work with are depression, anxiety, trauma and relationship problems. I like to look at what is working in a person's life and to promote wellness, as opposed to focusing on pathology or sickness. I find that once an individual focuses on specific goals, it does not take a long time to make significant movement in a positive direction.
I have a healthy respect for the difficulties and complexities of life and will provide a non-judgemental environment for individuals or couples to explore solutions to the problems they face. The most common issues I work with are depression, anxiety, trauma and relationship problems. I like to look at what is working in a person's life and to promote wellness, as opposed to focusing on pathology or sickness. I find that once an individual focuses on specific goals, it does not take a long time to make significant movement in a positive direction.
(703) 594-8052 View (703) 594-8052
Photo of Kelly Kramer, Pre-Licensed Professional in Lake Ridge, VA
Kelly Kramer
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPCr
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake Ridge, VA 22192
As a resident in counseling, I’m committed to helping people who have experienced something traumatizing in their life, people who are looking for someone to help them make sense of what has happened to them, or people who feel like they have no one to turn to for support. I have experience working with adults and adolescents who have experienced single instance and chronic trauma, interpersonal trauma, childhood/developmental trauma, domestic violence, sexual trauma, and relationship concerns.
As a resident in counseling, I’m committed to helping people who have experienced something traumatizing in their life, people who are looking for someone to help them make sense of what has happened to them, or people who feel like they have no one to turn to for support. I have experience working with adults and adolescents who have experienced single instance and chronic trauma, interpersonal trauma, childhood/developmental trauma, domestic violence, sexual trauma, and relationship concerns.
(571) 374-1841 View (571) 374-1841
Photo of Karen Renee Yaw, Resident in Counseling in Lake Ridge, VA
Karen Renee Yaw
Resident in Counseling, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake Ridge, VA 22192  (Online Only)
Therapy is meant to be a completely individual experience and I treat it as such with compassion and cultural humility. My goal as a therapist is to assist you in developing personalized coping skills which foster resilience for challenging life transitions while also helping you to discover your purpose in life. I offer compassionate listening as we work together to find comfort and resolve in the difficult areas of your life, relationships and the challenges you are facing. I have specialized maternal mental health training with Postpartum Virginia Support and I am certified as a marriage facilitator with Prep/Enrich.
Therapy is meant to be a completely individual experience and I treat it as such with compassion and cultural humility. My goal as a therapist is to assist you in developing personalized coping skills which foster resilience for challenging life transitions while also helping you to discover your purpose in life. I offer compassionate listening as we work together to find comfort and resolve in the difficult areas of your life, relationships and the challenges you are facing. I have specialized maternal mental health training with Postpartum Virginia Support and I am certified as a marriage facilitator with Prep/Enrich.
(703) 643-4093 View (703) 643-4093
Photo of Tawana Butler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lake Ridge, VA
Tawana Butler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lake Ridge, VA 22192  (Online Only)
The mind is the most powerful resource of the body. It is also, unfortunately, the least managed. It keeps a record of experiences and dictates emotions to us based on those experiences. What we think, feel, and believe impacts how we interact and perform. Often, more than we know. What I do is help facilitate mind and body realignment for the achievement of optimal performance in school, at work, and in personal lives. With an eclectic and flexible approach, I integrate mindfulness, motivational interviewing, cognitive-behavioral therapy, self-reflection, and different holistic approaches to address your overall well-being.
The mind is the most powerful resource of the body. It is also, unfortunately, the least managed. It keeps a record of experiences and dictates emotions to us based on those experiences. What we think, feel, and believe impacts how we interact and perform. Often, more than we know. What I do is help facilitate mind and body realignment for the achievement of optimal performance in school, at work, and in personal lives. With an eclectic and flexible approach, I integrate mindfulness, motivational interviewing, cognitive-behavioral therapy, self-reflection, and different holistic approaches to address your overall well-being.
(703) 260-8650 View (703) 260-8650
Photo of Joanne Thomas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake Ridge, VA
Joanne Thomas
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake Ridge, VA 22192
Have you been struggling with trauma history, anxiety or depressive symptoms? Are you looking for someone with an empathetic ear? Have you been looking for the type of counselor who will be honest and interject humor while providing that encouragement to achieve your goals?
Have you been struggling with trauma history, anxiety or depressive symptoms? Are you looking for someone with an empathetic ear? Have you been looking for the type of counselor who will be honest and interject humor while providing that encouragement to achieve your goals?
(540) 724-8620 View (540) 724-8620
Photo of Nicole Ronayne, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake Ridge, VA
Nicole Ronayne
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CCMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lake Ridge, VA 22192
I am a dedicated/passionate/skilled and caring licensed professional counselor who believes in the healing power of connection, change, and individual empowerment. My approach is based on evidence-based theories that encourage personal exploration of ourselves, our experiences, and how we relate to others in order to gain valuable insight, awareness, and understanding. Clients working with me can expect a safe, validating, compassionate, empathic, confidential, genuine, and collaborative space where clients are encouraged to take the time for themselves and explore what matters most in their lives.
I am a dedicated/passionate/skilled and caring licensed professional counselor who believes in the healing power of connection, change, and individual empowerment. My approach is based on evidence-based theories that encourage personal exploration of ourselves, our experiences, and how we relate to others in order to gain valuable insight, awareness, and understanding. Clients working with me can expect a safe, validating, compassionate, empathic, confidential, genuine, and collaborative space where clients are encouraged to take the time for themselves and explore what matters most in their lives.
(571) 322-8059 View (571) 322-8059
Photo of Laura Bell, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake Ridge, VA
Laura Bell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Lake Ridge, VA 22192  (Online Only)
As an EMDR Certified therapist, I am client-focused and with with adolescents, teenagers, college students and adults. I will be a non judgmental sounding board for all of your challenges. As my client, you will feel heard and accepted. You can walk away from our sessions knowing I believe in your ability to make your life better.
As an EMDR Certified therapist, I am client-focused and with with adolescents, teenagers, college students and adults. I will be a non judgmental sounding board for all of your challenges. As my client, you will feel heard and accepted. You can walk away from our sessions knowing I believe in your ability to make your life better.
(571) 200-0830 View (571) 200-0830
Photo of Samantha Saunders, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake Ridge, VA
Samantha Saunders
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lake Ridge, VA 22192  (Online Only)
Samantha is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 15 years of experience working with individuals with trauma, anxiety, depression, life transitions, self-esteem, struggling with trusting themselves, and/or interpersonal relationship problems (narcissistic parents or past partners, unhealthy/toxic relationships). She specializes with adults 21 and up in using years of study and personal experience to assist clients in boundary-setting, healing, and thriving within themselves and their personal relationships.
Samantha is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 15 years of experience working with individuals with trauma, anxiety, depression, life transitions, self-esteem, struggling with trusting themselves, and/or interpersonal relationship problems (narcissistic parents or past partners, unhealthy/toxic relationships). She specializes with adults 21 and up in using years of study and personal experience to assist clients in boundary-setting, healing, and thriving within themselves and their personal relationships.
(571) 200-8389 View (571) 200-8389

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Chelsea Barbosa, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake Ridge, VA
Chelsea Barbosa
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Woodbridge, VA 22193  (Online Only)
Hey there! My name is Chelsea and I'm excited to potentially be apart of your journey. Many of us have experienced crushing situations that leave a lasting impact on our hearts. Whether you've struggled to maintain a relationship with your family or feel burnt-out from life, stress can weigh heavily on us. My guiding philosophy for your mental health is rooted in support, challenges, and encouragement, as I help you achieve a life that feels free, whole, and healthy.
Hey there! My name is Chelsea and I'm excited to potentially be apart of your journey. Many of us have experienced crushing situations that leave a lasting impact on our hearts. Whether you've struggled to maintain a relationship with your family or feel burnt-out from life, stress can weigh heavily on us. My guiding philosophy for your mental health is rooted in support, challenges, and encouragement, as I help you achieve a life that feels free, whole, and healthy.
(571) 749-2110 View (571) 749-2110
Photo of Alice A. Jimenez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake Ridge, VA
Alice A. Jimenez
Licensed Professional Counselor, LLM, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Woodbridge, VA 22193
I believe in helping those who come to my office with compassion and understanding in an atmosphere conducive towards healing, where there is no room for judgment or criticism. In psychotherapy, my clients find an opportunity to go within, tap into issues that are unresolved and explore endless possibilities to make necessary changes that add meaning to their lives. It is a journey of self-discovery for clients who are willing to take the necessary steps towards self-awareness, mood-regulation and self-actualization.
I believe in helping those who come to my office with compassion and understanding in an atmosphere conducive towards healing, where there is no room for judgment or criticism. In psychotherapy, my clients find an opportunity to go within, tap into issues that are unresolved and explore endless possibilities to make necessary changes that add meaning to their lives. It is a journey of self-discovery for clients who are willing to take the necessary steps towards self-awareness, mood-regulation and self-actualization.
(703) 594-4392 View (703) 594-4392
Photo of Yvette Kearney - Rivers Of Hope Counseling, Pre-Licensed Professional in Lake Ridge, VA
Yvette Kearney - Rivers Of Hope Counseling
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Woodbridge, VA 22193  (Online Only)
Therapy is a journey that includes the commitment of wanting to better yourself. The first step of therapy may be challenging, but that does not mean you have to do it alone. You belong and you are accepted here. My counseling style includes being empathetic, showing compassion, being realistic, and person centered. I am an empathetic coach, an active listener, and an advocate for self-awareness. I have over 15 years of experience in mental health. I currently specialize in treatment for adults, and adolescents ages 13-17 years old. I work with clients who identify with emotional, behavioral, and cognitive health issues.
Therapy is a journey that includes the commitment of wanting to better yourself. The first step of therapy may be challenging, but that does not mean you have to do it alone. You belong and you are accepted here. My counseling style includes being empathetic, showing compassion, being realistic, and person centered. I am an empathetic coach, an active listener, and an advocate for self-awareness. I have over 15 years of experience in mental health. I currently specialize in treatment for adults, and adolescents ages 13-17 years old. I work with clients who identify with emotional, behavioral, and cognitive health issues.
(571) 946-2512 View (571) 946-2512
Photo of The Center for Connection, Healing and Change (RM), Pre-Licensed Professional in Lake Ridge, VA
The Center for Connection, Healing and Change (RM)
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMFT-R, LPC-R, LMFT, LPC, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Woodbridge, VA 22192
Accepting new clients -The Center for Connection, Healing & Change focuses on the creation of secure, close, and satisfying relationships- within us and between us. We choose to specialize in relationships because we know the importance of satisfying connections for our mental, emotional, and physical well-being. Services explore the relationship we have with both ourselves and others; how well we can live with emotional ease, know who we are, ask for what we need, be responsive to loved ones, set boundaries, deal with loss, heal trauma, move through stressful experiences, find our purpose, and access resilience in moments of need.
Accepting new clients -The Center for Connection, Healing & Change focuses on the creation of secure, close, and satisfying relationships- within us and between us. We choose to specialize in relationships because we know the importance of satisfying connections for our mental, emotional, and physical well-being. Services explore the relationship we have with both ourselves and others; how well we can live with emotional ease, know who we are, ask for what we need, be responsive to loved ones, set boundaries, deal with loss, heal trauma, move through stressful experiences, find our purpose, and access resilience in moments of need.
(804) 336-3063 View (804) 336-3063
Photo of Teresa George, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake Ridge, VA
Teresa George
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Woodbridge, VA 22192
Teresa George is a Licensed Professional Counselor and Licensed Psychologist in West Virginia, and is an LPC in Virginia. She has 25+ years of experience, providing individual therapy, group therapy, family therapy, and psychological screening to adults, seniors, adolescents, and children. She’s worked with survivors of domestic violence, sexual assault, and other types of trauma as well as those with adjustment issues, parent-child relational issues, and mood disorders. She continues her education by attending cultural diversity, LGBTQ+, mindfulness techniques, autism, motivational interviewing, and trauma-focused CBT courses.
Teresa George is a Licensed Professional Counselor and Licensed Psychologist in West Virginia, and is an LPC in Virginia. She has 25+ years of experience, providing individual therapy, group therapy, family therapy, and psychological screening to adults, seniors, adolescents, and children. She’s worked with survivors of domestic violence, sexual assault, and other types of trauma as well as those with adjustment issues, parent-child relational issues, and mood disorders. She continues her education by attending cultural diversity, LGBTQ+, mindfulness techniques, autism, motivational interviewing, and trauma-focused CBT courses.
(571) 200-0834 View (571) 200-0834
Photo of Amanda H Kaliner, Pre-Licensed Professional in Lake Ridge, VA
Amanda H Kaliner
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Woodbridge, VA 22192
Amanda has extensive experience working with adolescents in school, group, and outpatient settings. Amanda currently specializes in mood disorders like anxiety and depression, self-esteem, peer relations, LGBTQIA+ issues, and life transitions for adolescents and young adults.
Amanda has extensive experience working with adolescents in school, group, and outpatient settings. Amanda currently specializes in mood disorders like anxiety and depression, self-esteem, peer relations, LGBTQIA+ issues, and life transitions for adolescents and young adults.
(540) 845-6940 x1 View (540) 845-6940 x1
Photo of Samuel Brown, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lake Ridge, VA
Samuel Brown
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMHP, LMFT, Licensd, Counslr
Verified Verified
Woodbridge, VA 22193
EMPOWERING you for a "BRIGHTER" tomorrow! Yes! I provide INDIVIDUAL and MARRIAGE THERAPY to Adult clients IN PERSON and TELEHEALTH. Since 1994, my systemic training has enabled me to specialize in treating issues such as depression, anxiety, grief & loss, divorce/ separation, relationship, stage of life, motivation and family of origin issues. Psychotherapy is meant to address the roots of mental and emotional struggle. We will focus on the holistic aspect of your life to equip you to make the effective change you desire. Together we can explore your strengths and challenges, discovering what motivates you and helps you thrive.
EMPOWERING you for a "BRIGHTER" tomorrow! Yes! I provide INDIVIDUAL and MARRIAGE THERAPY to Adult clients IN PERSON and TELEHEALTH. Since 1994, my systemic training has enabled me to specialize in treating issues such as depression, anxiety, grief & loss, divorce/ separation, relationship, stage of life, motivation and family of origin issues. Psychotherapy is meant to address the roots of mental and emotional struggle. We will focus on the holistic aspect of your life to equip you to make the effective change you desire. Together we can explore your strengths and challenges, discovering what motivates you and helps you thrive.
(804) 977-0201 View (804) 977-0201

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lake Ridge, VA

10+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Lake Ridge, VA who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Grief
92% Trauma and PTSD
92% Self Esteem
85% Relationship Issues
77% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% BlueCross and BlueShield
82% CareFirst
64% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Lake Ridge, VA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

92% Female
8% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lake Ridge?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.